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CN103777262A - 反光物品工艺 - Google Patents

反光物品工艺 Download PDF

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CN103777262A
CN103777262A CN201310484851.3A CN201310484851A CN103777262A CN 103777262 A CN103777262 A CN 103777262A CN 201310484851 A CN201310484851 A CN 201310484851A CN 103777262 A CN103777262 A CN 103777262A
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吴建民
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CING WAI KUNG MAU CO
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种制造反光膜的方法，其包括下列步骤：(a)提供第一基板，并在其上形成可释放粘合剂层；(b)在所述可释放粘合剂层上施加反光微粒，其中所述反光微粒的部分体积是埋在所述可释放粘合剂层内；(c)在所述反光微粒和所述可释放粘合剂层上施加颜料；(d)移除部分色料，使所述颜料并未完全覆盖所述反光微粒；和(e)在所述颜料和反光微粒上形成反射层。本发明还涉及使用根据上述方法所得的反光膜制造反光物品的方法。

Description

反光物品工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种反光膜的制备方法。本发明还涉及使用所得反光膜制造反光物品，尤其是具有高反射性的反光布料的方法，其可依据需求显现不同的颜色。
背景技术
传统上欲制备反光物品，大多是在物体的表面以反光剂或萤光粉等加以直接喷涂，其为反光剂本身化学颜料鲜艳色彩的呈现，或者为萤光粉化学特性的发挥，使得肉眼可见一极具显耀的彩度，也就是一般人所谓的“反光效果”。然而所述反光剂等颜料是因加入粘着剂、硬化剂而达附着于物品表面，所喷覆的剂料呈厚度无法均布的情形。而反光物质其材料为软质的胶层、漆层，在长期使用下因反复擦拭等磨损性，将造成所述反光剂层的褪去，且反光剂层因经常暴露于阳光、水份等之下，也将逐渐褪色或变质，造成反光效果衰退，因此该种反光物品具有功效稳定性无法持久维护的缺点。
另外，工业上还利用比较细小的玻璃珠来制造反光物体的反光面。随着合成树脂和各领域科技水平的发展提高，市场上已存在一些运用玻璃微珠、合成树脂、带有金属的薄膜、涂层技术等所研制的反光薄膜。反光织物则是随着合成树脂、社会发展的需要在定向反光薄膜的基础上开发出来的。
反光织物作为安全功能性产品已广泛应用于交通、环卫、公安等特殊行业户外工作人员夜间作业的工作装。当其穿着和携带反光材料的人员在夜间工作或行走时，由于其回归反射(retroreflective)的功能使驾驶员在远距离即可发现目标，从而避免事故的发生。对于一般人而言均有不同程度的夜间活动，因此在其服装、鞋帽、包、雨具等加上反光布，可以提高自身的安全性。反光布提高安全性的程度以其反光强度衡量，反光强度越高，醒目效果越好，驾驶员发现目标的距离越远。此外，作为服装服饰用的安全功能性反光布除了要求具有较高的反光强度外，还必须保证穿着的要求如耐洗、耐磨、防水等特性。
常规的反光物品的制作法，如图1所示，大体上是通过银浆2加上胶液掺杂混合后，再涂布于所欲覆层的基板1上(如布、纸、塑料皮等)，然后直接将玻璃微珠3涂撒于粘性的胶液上即完成。然而，常规的反光物品只能呈现银色的效果。
因此，寻求一种能有效反射不同色彩的反光物品，并同时具耐洗、耐磨、防水等特性，并且具有制备成本低，可应用在各式各样的基板(特别是织品)的功能，仍为现今产业所期盼的目标。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种制备反光膜的方法，以有效解决上述问题。本发明的方法包括下列步骤：
(a)提供第一基板，并在其上形成可释放粘合剂层；
(b)在所述可释放粘合剂层上施加反光微粒，其中所述反光微粒的部分体积是埋在所述可释放粘合剂层内；
(c)在所述反光微粒和所述可释放粘合剂层上施加颜料；
(d)移除部分色料，使所述颜料并未完全覆盖所述反光微粒；和
(e)在所述颜料和所述反光微粒上形成反射层。
本发明还涉及一种制造反光物品的方法，其除包括上述(a)-(e)步骤外，进一步包含下列步骤：
(f)提供第二基板，并使步骤(e)所得所述反射层通过热熔胶贴合在所述第二基板上；和
(g)将所述第一基板从可释放粘合剂层上去除。
依据本发明所制得的反光物品，在入射光光源微弱的时候，可呈现所使用颜料的颜色，当强光源入射时，仍发挥高亮度银色反光的效果，并在周边余光显现颜料颜色。本发明的反光物品其利用高折射回归反射原理，有良好的反射性能，尤其在夜间，所述反光物品能够发挥高能见度，同时突破传统反光死角，能够在各种不同的角度下看到反光。
附图说明
图1显示常规的反光物品。
图2为本发明反光物品的例示。
具体实施方式
上述步骤现参考所附图2进一步说明如下：首先提供第一基板6，并在其上形成可释放粘合剂层5；将反光微粒3施加在所述可释放粘合剂层5上，其中所述反光微粒3的部分体积埋在所述可释放粘合剂层5内；在所述反光微粒3和所述可释放粘合剂层5上施加颜料形成一颜料层；移除部分色料，使所述颜料层4并未完全覆盖所述反光微粒3；在所述颜料层4和所述反光微粒3上形成反射层2；提供第二基板1，并使所述反射层2通过热熔胶贴合在所述第二基板1上；和将所述第一基板6从可释放粘合剂层上去除。
适用于本发明第一基板的材料例如，但不限于聚酯，诸如聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene terephthalate，PET)，或纸类。
适用于本发明可释放粘合剂层的材料包括，但不限于：聚酯树脂、聚苯乙烯树脂、聚烯烃树脂、硅氧树脂或其组合。根据本发明的优选实施例，所述可释放粘合剂层包括硅氧树脂。
适用于本发明的反光微粒优选为具有高折射率的透明颗粒，其例如，但不限于：玻璃、陶瓷或合成树脂或其组合。根据本发明的优选具体实施例，其包括玻璃微粒。根据本发明，所述反光微粒的粒径约为0.05mm至0.35mm，优选约为0.1mm至0.2mm。本发明的反光微粒优选通过涂布或静电排列部署方式而施加于可释放粘合剂层上，其中所述反光微粒的部分体积是埋在所述可释放粘合剂层内。
本发明所使用的颜料可吸收特定波长的光，使可具有单一颜色或一种以上的颜色。颜料的组成除包含所需颜料外，另包括例如，但不限于：聚合物或油墨。适合用于本发明中的颜料，可为本发明所属领域的技术人员所熟知的任何颜料。根据本发明的具体实施例，其为包含聚氨酯的色浆。根据本发明，涂布颜料后所形成的颜料层厚度约为0.001至0.050mm，优选的厚度约为0.002至0.010mm。
本发明的反射层可反射穿透上述反光微粒的入射光，并使其再进入反光微粒。根据本发明，所述反射层形成于所述颜料和所述反光微粒上，所述反射层完全覆盖反光微粒。所述反射层可通过涂布金属粉涂料或真空电镀金属的方式形成，所述金属优选为铝。根据本发明的具体实施例，所形成反射层的厚度约为0.01至0.10mm，优选的厚度约为0.05至0.08mm。
根据本发明的方法，所形成的颜料层并未完全覆盖所述反光微粒。近来发现，若颜料层完全覆盖所述反光微粒，则会造成光线被颜料层所阻隔而无法通过反射层反射光线。
本发明所使用热熔胶的作用主要是使反射层与第二基板贴合，根据优选具体实施例，热熔胶可包括聚氨基甲酸酯(PU)。
适用于本发明的第二基板，并无特殊限制，可为任何所属领域的技术人员所熟知者，视所应用产品的设计而定，其例如而不限于：布料、玻璃、金属、塑料、碳纤、玻纤或上述所形成的复合材料。
本发明的方法中，离型层、颜料层或反射层的形成可用涂布或所属领域的技术人员所熟知的其它方式。涂布方法例如包括但不限于：刮刀式涂布(knife coating)、滚轮涂布(roller coating)、柔版涂覆(flexographic coating)、热传递涂覆(thermal transfer coat)、微凹版涂布(micro gravure coating)、流涂(flow coating)、幕涂(curtain coating)、旋涂(spincoating)、喷雾式涂布(spray coating)、棒式涂布(bar coating)、狭缝式模压涂布(slot diecoating)、凹版涂布(gravure coating)、斜板式涂布(slide coating)或其它常规方法、或上述方法的组合。
本发明之方法中，移除部分色料的目的在于使该色料并未完全覆盖所述反光微粒，所述部分色料可藉由物理方法、化学方法或所属领域的技术人员所熟知的方式移除，例如使用刮刀移除或利用溶剂移除等。
根据本发明之一具体实施态样，在施加色料后及在移除部分色料前，可施加适当压力于所述反光微粒上，使其与可释放粘合剂层更为紧密，例如可利用压机(press machine)施压、延压(calendering)、碾压(compaction)或滚轮压实(rollor compaction)等方式实施。
以下将用具体实施态样以进一步说明本发明，仅需说明者，此等例示方面仅用于例示本发明，非用以限制本发明的范围。任何所属领域的技术人员可轻易达成的修饰和改变均包括于本案说明书揭示内容和所附权利要求书范围内。
实施例
实施例1：反光布的制备
本实施例的反光布是通过下列步骤所得：
(a)提供PET，并于其上涂布硅氧树脂；
(b)将粒径约0.1至0.2mm的玻璃微珠以静电部署于所述硅氧树脂上，其中所述玻璃微珠的部分体积埋在所述硅氧树脂内；
(c)将聚氨酯色浆涂布于所述玻璃微珠和所述硅氧树脂上，以形成厚度约0.010mm的涂布层，接着利用滚轮压实经色浆涂布的所述玻璃微珠；
(d)使用刮刀移除部分聚氨酯色浆，控制移除的量使所述聚氨酯色浆并未完全覆盖所述反光微粒，所述聚氨酯色浆的涂布层的厚度减至约0.005mm；
(e)将铝粉涂料涂布于所述聚氨酯色浆和所述玻璃微珠上；
(f)提供布料，并使所述铝粉涂料通过热溶胶贴合于所述布料上；和
(g)将所述PET从硅氧树脂剥离。
实施例2：反光布的反光性能测试
根据EN471标准，取依据上述实施例1的步骤所制备的黄色(使用黄色色浆)和蓝色(使用蓝色色浆)反光布，委托由车辆研究测试中心(ARTC)做反射性能测试；此外，也取所制备的银灰色(使用银灰色色浆)反光布，通过瑞士通用验证集团(SGS)(台湾为委托台湾检验科技股份有限公司)做反射性能测试，综合的数据如下表所示：
EN471
Figure BDA0000396649210000051
数据显现，本发明的反光布具有相当优异的反射数据，其反光数据与底部色泽具有关联性。而当观测角越大时，测量值越易超过标准值。此外，依据本发明所制备的反光布具有色彩活泼的特质，在日间不会造成视觉扰乱(也就是产生令人不舒服的反射光)，而在昏暗和夜间的环境时可发挥反光和安全的效果。

Claims (9)

1.一种制备反光膜的方法，其包括下列步骤：
(a)提供第一基板，并在其上形成可释放粘合剂层；
(b)在所述可释放粘合剂层上施加反光微粒，其中所述反光微粒的部分体积是埋在所述可释放粘合剂层内；
(c)在所述反光微粒和所述可释放粘合剂层上施加颜料；
(d)移除部分色料，使所述颜料并未完全覆盖所述反光微粒；和
(e)在所述颜料和所述反光微粒上形成反射层。
2.一种制备反光物品的方法，其包括根据权利要求1所述的步骤(a)-(e)并进一步包括下列步骤：
(f)提供第二基板，并使步骤(e)所形成的所述反射层通过热熔胶贴合在所述第二基板上；和
(g)将所述第一基板从可释放粘合剂去除。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中在步骤(c)和(d)之间进一步包括下列步骤：施加压力於所述反光微粒上。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中所述第一基板包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯PET。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中所述反光微粒包含玻璃微粒。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中所述颜料包含聚氨酯色浆。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中所述反射层包含铝。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中所述反光微粒是以静电部署的方式施加在所述可释放粘合剂层上。
9.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中所述第二基板为布料。
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