CN103753022B - Adopt twin-laser metal material to be implemented to the method for laser weld - Google Patents
Adopt twin-laser metal material to be implemented to the method for laser weld Download PDFInfo
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- CN103753022B CN103753022B CN201410022988.1A CN201410022988A CN103753022B CN 103753022 B CN103753022 B CN 103753022B CN 201410022988 A CN201410022988 A CN 201410022988A CN 103753022 B CN103753022 B CN 103753022B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- QRJOYPHTNNOAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper gold Chemical compound [Cu].[Au] QRJOYPHTNNOAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
- B23K26/125—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases of mixed gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Adopt twin-laser metal material to be implemented to a method for laser weld, comprise the steps: step 1: welding material is cleared up, and welding material is installed fixing; Step 2: adopt twin-laser to produce two bundle laser, this two bundles Laser Focusing is in the surface of welding material; Step 3: at the surface of welding material side-blown protective gas; Step 4: beam of laser is occurred by quasi-continuous laser, makes welding material surface melting form molten bath; Step 5: the second bundle continuous laser beam focuses on the welding material region of having melted; Step 6: this two bundles laser beam, with given sweep speed synchronizing moving, forms weld seam on the surface of welding material, completes welding. The present invention can change the surface microscopic topographic of aluminium alloy, makes aluminum alloy surface fusing form molten bath, to promote the absorptivity of aluminium alloy to continuous-wave laser beam, improves welding quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of laser processing, particularly a kind of twin-laser that adopts is to metal materialMaterial is implemented the method for laser weld.
Background technology
Especially aluminium alloy extensive use in modern industry of metal material, the welding demand of aluminium alloy moreCome larger. With respect to traditional welding method, method for laser welding have concentration of energy, thermal deformation little,The advantages such as controllability is good. Laser Welding of Aluminum Alloys is due to its high reflectance and high thermal conductivity, and what make is singleIt is larger that laser thermal source is implemented welding difficulty to aluminium alloy, and required power density is greater than 5 × 10 conventionally6W/cm2。Someone proposes to adopt Laser-MIG Composite Welding technology to implement welding to aluminium alloy at present(ZL201010280596.7), technique relative complex. Document (research of aluminium alloy dual-beam welding characteristic,Chinese laser, 2007,35 (11): 1783-1788) a kind of way that adopts divided beams is disclosed, willLaser beam is divided into two bundle laser by beam splitter, and aluminium alloy is implemented to welding, and weldquality increases,But the two bundle laser energies that obtain by beam splitter are than unadjustable, and general row is poor.
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above, adopt the way of twin-laser-double laser beam to implement aluminium alloyWelding, two bundle laser beams are respectively from quasi-continuous laser and continuous wave laser, and two bundle laser parameters canRegulate arbitrarily, quasi-continuous laser relies on its high-peak power to make aluminum alloy surface rapid melting, continuouslyLaser focused is in the aluminium alloy region of having melted, and aluminium alloy significantly increases the absorptivity of laser, canImprove the depth of weld and weldquality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of twin-laser that adopts to implement laser weld to aluminium alloyMethod, this method can change the surface microscopic topographic of aluminium alloy, aluminum alloy surface fusing is formed moltenPond, to promote the absorptivity of aluminium alloy to continuous-wave laser beam, improves welding quality.
The invention provides a kind of method that adopts twin-laser metal material to be implemented to laser weld, compriseFollowing steps:
Step 1: welding material is cleared up, and welding material is installed fixing;
Step 2: adopt twin-laser to produce two bundle laser, this two bundles Laser Focusing is in welding materialSurface;
Step 3: at the surface of welding material side-blown protective gas;
Step 4: beam of laser is occurred by quasi-continuous laser, forms welding material surface meltingMolten bath;
Step 5: the second bundle continuous laser beam focuses on the welding material region of having melted;
Step 6: this two bundles laser beam is with given sweep speed synchronizing moving, at the table of welding materialFace forms weld seam, completes welding.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, this method can change the surface microscopic topographic of aluminium alloy, makes aluminiumAlloy surface fusing forms molten bath, to promote the absorptivity of aluminium alloy to continuous-wave laser beam, improves welderingConnect quality.
Brief description of the drawings
For further illustrating concrete technology contents of the present invention, say in detail below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawingBright as after, wherein:
Fig. 1 is method flow schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of twin-laser that adopts metal material is implemented to laserThe method of welding, comprises the steps:
Step 1: welding material is cleared up with sand paper, and welding material is fixed on to weldingOn platform, ready.
Step 2: adopt twin-laser to produce two bundle laser, this two bundles Laser Focusing is in welding materialSurface, described twin-laser is respectively quasi-continuous laser and continuous wave laser, this quasi-continuous laserPeak power output is 100-500W, and pulse width is 50-200ns, and repetition rate is10kHz-30kHz, peak power is greater than 105W, described continuous wave laser peak power output is500-10000W, described welding material is aluminium alloy, copper alloy, fine aluminium or pure copper material;
Because aluminium alloy and copper alloy have higher reflectivity, close for Laser Welding of Aluminum Alloys, copperGold laser weld is difficult for forming molten bath, and solderability is poor. Quasi-continuous laser has higher peak power,Can reach 105W/cm2Above, under the laser beam condition with high-peak power, aluminium alloy and copper alloySurface easily forms molten bath, and liquid molten bath can increase the absorption of welding material to laser beam energyRate.
Although the laser beam that quasi-continuous laser produces has very high peak power, be limited to currentTechnical merit, the mean power of the type laser beam is no more than 1000W conventionally, only adopts quasi-continuous sharpLight device is implemented welding to aluminium alloy, copper alloy, and because mean power is low, the depth of weld is less. And connectAlthough the laser beam that continuous laser instrument produces can not reach larger peak power, can reach higherMean power, such as 10000W, even higher. Therefore, swash with continuous in conjunction with quasi-continuous laserThe two advantage of light device, adopts continuous wave laser to produce continuous laser beam while irradiation on welding material surfaceSame position, due to quasi-continuous lasing bundle can make welding material surface melting form molten bath, liquid stateWelding material laser beam is had to very high absorptivity, can be by continuous laser beam energy larger powerAmount absorbs welding material, forms darker weld seam, can realize higher welding efficiency, also canImprove the quality of welding.
Step 3: the surface of welding material side-blown protective gas, described side-blown protective gas, this guarantorProtecting gas is Ar gas, He gas or N gas, or the mixing of the arbitrary proportion of Ar gas, He gas and N gasGas;
Laser beam welding, more than welding material temperature raises rapidly and reaches boiling point, at welding materialTop, molten bath forms plasma, metal vapors etc., and especially plasma has certain to laser beamShielding action, reduces the laser energy that arrives molten bath, and airborne oxygen is easy in welding process in additionReact with welding material, welding material is oxidized. In laser beam welding, in weldingMaterial surface side-blown protective gas, can dispel plasma, and forms lazy on welding material surfaceProperty gas atmosphere, can effectively avoid the welding material oxidation of high temperature. The effect of side-blown gas determinesSide-blown gas must be inert gas, and be difficult for being ionized. Be generally Ar gas, He gas orN gas, or the mist of Ar gas, He gas, N gas arbitrary proportion.
Step 4: beam of laser is occurred by quasi-continuous laser, forms welding material surface meltingMolten bath, the pulse peak power of this beam of laser can reach 105W magnitude, can change the table of aluminium alloyFace microscopic appearance;
Quasi-continuous lasing is produced by quasi-continuous laser, and passes through optical fibre transmission to laser head, line focusAfter, the focus of quasi-continuous lasing bundle is acted on to the surface of welding material, due to quasi-continuous lasing bundle arteries and veinsRush width and only have 50-200nm, therefore can obtain very high peak power density, in the extremely short timeInside make welding material temperature reach fusing point, thereby form molten bath.
Step 5: the second bundle continuous laser beam focuses on the welding material region of having melted;
In current industrial continuous wave laser produce continuous laser beam, although do not have quasi-continuous laser thatHigh peak power, but its mean power is conventionally higher, and power output is commonly 500-10000W.In conjunction with quasi-continuous lasing bundle, can more give full play to the powerful advantage of continuous laser beam, aluminium is closedThe laser solderability of gold and copper alloy is improved, and welding quality improves.
In laser beam welding, the hot spot of first, second Shu Jiguang is between welding material surperficialDistance is 0-3mm; In the time that spacing is 0, the center superposition of two bundle laser beams; In the time that spacing is greater than 0,The laser beam of quasi-continuous laser is positioned at the front of welding direction, and the laser beam of continuous wave laser is positioned at welderingConnect the rear of direction, the sweep speed of described first, second Shu Jiguang is 5-60mm/s; Quasi-continuous sharpLight beam rear, is in order to make welding material first at quasi-continuous lasing Shu Zuoyong at front, continuous laser beamLower formation molten bath, then, under the effect of continuous laser beam, has larger to continuous laser beam energyAbsorptivity, the utilization rate of raising laser energy, improves aluminium alloy and copper alloy Laser Welding Quality.
Step 6: this two bundles laser beam is with given sweep speed synchronizing moving, at the table of welding materialFace forms weld seam, completes welding.
First, second laser is produced by quasi-continuous laser and continuous wave laser respectively, passes through respectively lightFine, laser head focuses on welding material surface, and two processing heads are fixed on same industrial robot or latheEnd, by adjusting two processing head spacing and relative angles, the laser beam of quasi-continuous laser outputBe positioned at the front of welding direction, the laser beam of continuous-wave laser output is positioned at the rear of welding direction.By computer control industrial robot or machine tool motion, make first, second laser synchronization motion, makeThe fusing of welding material experience, natural cooling process, form weld seam.
Form molten bath because quasi-continuous lasing bundle makes aluminum alloy surface, make aluminium alloy to continuous laserAbsorptivity significantly improves, and welding process is without welding wire. Weld seam pattern is good, no significant defect, and weld seam is anti-Tensile strength can reach the more than 90% of mother metal.
Above-described specific embodiment, carries out object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effectFurther description, institute it should be understood that the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention and, be not limited to the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any repairing of doingProtection scope of the present invention changes, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should be included in.
Claims (7)
1. adopt twin-laser metal material to be implemented to a method for laser weld, it is characterized in that, twin-laser is respectively quasi-continuous laser and continuous wave laser;
Comprise the steps:
Step 1: welding material is cleared up, and welding material is installed fixing;
Step 2: adopt twin-laser to produce two bundle laser, this two bundles Laser Focusing is in the surface of welding material;
Step 3: at the surface of welding material side-blown protective gas;
Step 4: beam of laser is occurred by quasi-continuous laser, makes welding material surface melting form molten bath;
Step 5: the second bundle laser is occurred by continuous wave laser, focuses on the welding material region of having melted;
Step 6: this two bundles laser, with given sweep speed synchronizing moving, forms weld seam on the surface of welding material, completes welding;
The hot spot of first, second Shu Jiguang is 3mm in the surperficial spacing of welding material; The laser beam of quasi-continuous laser is positioned at the front of welding direction, and the laser beam of continuous wave laser is positioned at the rear of welding direction.
2. employing twin-laser according to claim 1 is implemented the method for laser weld to metal material, it is characterized in that, the pulse peak power of beam of laser is greater than 105W magnitude.
3. employing twin-laser according to claim 2 is implemented the method for laser weld to metal material, it is characterized in that, quasi-continuous laser power output is 100-500W, and pulse width is 50-200ns, and repetition rate is 10kHz-30kHz, and peak power is greater than 105W。
4. employing twin-laser according to claim 2 is implemented the method for laser weld to metal material, it is characterized in that, continuous wave laser power output is 500-10000W.
5. employing twin-laser according to claim 1 is implemented the method for laser weld to metal material, it is characterized in that, the sweep speed of first, second Shu Jiguang is 5-60mm/s.
6. employing twin-laser according to claim 1 is implemented the method for laser weld to metal material, it is characterized in that, and side-blown protective gas, this protective gas is Ar gas, He gas or nitrogen, or the gas of the arbitrary proportion of Ar gas, He gas and nitrogen mixing.
7. employing twin-laser according to claim 1 is implemented the method for laser weld to metal material, it is characterized in that, welding material is aluminium alloy, copper alloy, fine aluminium or pure copper material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410022988.1A CN103753022B (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2014-01-17 | Adopt twin-laser metal material to be implemented to the method for laser weld |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410022988.1A CN103753022B (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2014-01-17 | Adopt twin-laser metal material to be implemented to the method for laser weld |
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| CN103753022A CN103753022A (en) | 2014-04-30 |
| CN103753022B true CN103753022B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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| CN201410022988.1A Expired - Fee Related CN103753022B (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2014-01-17 | Adopt twin-laser metal material to be implemented to the method for laser weld |
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| CN114309939B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2024-05-03 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Laser welding method and laser welding equipment for copper-based sheet material belt |
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