CN103728133A - Method for testing automotive transmission system resistance distribution - Google Patents
Method for testing automotive transmission system resistance distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN103728133A CN103728133A CN201410033598.4A CN201410033598A CN103728133A CN 103728133 A CN103728133 A CN 103728133A CN 201410033598 A CN201410033598 A CN 201410033598A CN 103728133 A CN103728133 A CN 103728133A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for testing automotive transmission system resistance distribution. In the testing method, multiple vehicle states are subjected to a single variable control test performed based on a rotary drum test stand, the automotive transmission system resistance is tested by adopting a single-point speed steady state testing method and a sliding testing method based on a rotary drum reverse-dragging method, the testing is performed in modes of a new vehicle, running-in mileage 300km, running-in mileage 1000km and running-in mileage 2000km respectively by considering the influence of different automotive running-in mileages to the transmission system performance, a cold state and a hot state are respectively tested according to the starting work condition and normal running work condition in the actual automotive running process, and finished automobile testing, brake-dismounted brake shoe testing, disconnected transmission shaft testing and testing of a driving gear with no main speed reducer are respectively performed by adopting a step-by-step dismounting method. The testing method is safe, controllable and high in repeatability, the influence of uncertain factors is small, and detected test data are accurate and comprehensive.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automotive performance field tests, relate in particular to the test method that a kind of automotive transmission resistance distributes.
Background technology
Kinematic train, the driving force of engine output is delivered in the process of driving wheel, need overcome the resistance of each parts of power train, makes the power that is finally delivered to wheel can be less than the power that engine is exported to kinematic train.The resistance that reduces kinematic train, not only can improve transmission system performance, and the dynamic property of vehicle complete vehicle, fuel economy and exhaust emissions are all had a great impact.
Existing automobile industry adopts the automobile slide method of actual road test to obtain automobile slide distance conventionally, and usings it as standard of evaluating automotive transmission resistance.The method of actual road test mensuration coasting distance is directly perceived, easy easy survey, but the test value of coasting test is subject to the impact of resistance to rolling and windage, causes the controllability of detected parameters and sensitivity low, and the contrast of test and repeatability are reduced; And the evaluation of a coasting distance overall performance for car load, cannot obtain distribution situation and the Changing Pattern of each parts resistance of power train, then be difficult to complete pointedly the improvement of transmission system performance, and separately each parts are carried out to platform experiment, the various impacts in actual condition cannot be added on wherein.Therefore being urgently provided, a kind of laying particular emphasis on can accurately measure the test method that automotive transmission resistance distributes.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to propose the test method that a kind of automotive transmission resistance distributes, avoid prior art to measure transmission resistance and be subject to uncertain factor impact, controllability and repeatability are low, cannot obtain the problems such as each parts resistance distribution of power train and Changing Pattern.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the test method that a kind of automotive transmission resistance distributes, comprises the step of carrying out in order as follows:
S1, prepares before the test of testing vehicle and drum dynamometer, and the break-in state of testing vehicle is new car;
S2 carries out respectively single-point speed steady state test and Coast-down check under cold conditions;
S3, at hot lower single-point speed steady state test and the Coast-down check of carrying out respectively;
S4, removes the shoe brake of new car wheel hub, recovers vehicle-state, and the experiment content of repeating step S2 and S3 completes the test of removing shoe brake state;
S5, the shaft universal-joint of dismounting new car drive axle power intake, recovers vehicle-state, and the experiment content of repeating step S2 and S3, completes the test that disconnects transmission shaft state;
S6, removes new car main reducing gear passive tooth, and main reducing gear input shaft keeps sealing, recovers vehicle-state, and the experiment content of repeating step S2 and S3 completes the test of removing main reducing gear state;
S7, removes new car stationary installation, and vehicle is shifted out to drum dynamometer, returns to whole vehicle state;
S8, arranges a plurality of different testing vehicle break-in mileage parameters, according to ascending order, and the content of the test of completing steps S1～S7 under each testing vehicle break-in mileage parameter;
S9, deal with data, carries out matching according to least square method, and while obtaining carrying out single-point speed steady state test, the Resistance Value recording under whole vehicle state is F
d1, removing the Resistance Value recording under shoe brake state is F
d2, disconnecting the Resistance Value recording under transmission shaft state is F
d3, removing the Resistance Value recording under main reducing gear state is F
d1; While carrying out Coast-down check, the Resistance Value recording under whole vehicle state is F
h1, removing the Resistance Value recording under shoe brake state is F
h2, disconnecting the Resistance Value recording under transmission shaft state is F
h3, removing the Resistance Value recording under main reducing gear state is F
h4;
S10, can obtain according to step S9, and while carrying out single-point speed steady state test, shoe brake is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t1=F
d1-F
d2, transmission shaft is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t2=F
d1-F
d3, main reducing gear is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t3=F
d1-F
d4; While carrying out Coast-down check, shoe brake is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t1'=F
h1-F
h2, transmission shaft is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t2'=F
h1-F
h3, main reducing gear is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t3'=F
h1-F
h4.
By technique scheme, in described step S1, before experiment, prepare to comprise the driving wheel of testing vehicle is placed on the cylinder of drum dynamometer, position at the auxiliary lower adjustment test carriage wheel of lifting device, stationary installation is fixed vehicle non-driving wheel and vehicle body, transmission for vehicles is placed in neutral, and operation parking braking is releasing orientation.
By technique scheme, in described step S2, get respectively 20Km/h, 30Km/h, 40Km/h, 50Km/h, 60Km/h speed point carries out single-point speed steady state test, records the Resistance Value of each speed point; While carrying out Coast-down check, record sliding speed and slide to stopping from 60km/h, the every decline 10km/h of speed required time, calculates resistance of taxing; Single-point speed steady state test and Coast-down check are all tested three times, get the mean value of three times.
By technique scheme, in described step S8, three different testing vehicle break-in mileage parameter 300km, 1000km and 2000km are set, testing vehicle is carried out to the break-in that testing vehicle break-in mileage parameter is 300km, the content of the test of completing steps S1～S7; Testing vehicle break-in mileage parameter is increased to 1000km, the content of the test of completing steps S1～S7; Testing vehicle break-in mileage parameter is increased to 2000km, the content of the test of completing steps S1～S7.
By technique scheme, in described step S3, hot be with rotary drum with the speed of 80km/h to the anti-preheating 20min that drags of testing vehicle.
By technique scheme, in described step S3, single-point speed steady state test under hot, records the Resistance Value of measured 20km/h, 30km/h, 40km/h, 50km/h, 60km/h, 70km/h, 80km/h, 90km/h, 100km/h, 110km/h, 120km/h speed point; Carry out the Coast-down check under hot, record sliding speed and from 120km/h, slide until stop, the every decline 10km/h of speed required time, the data of sliding speed and time, calculate resistance of taxing; Single-point speed steady state test and Coast-down check are all tested three times, get the mean value of three times.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, adopt and take the anti-method of dragging of rotary drum as basic single-point speed steady state test and two kinds of methods of Coast-down check, two groups of data of testing can contrast mutually, accuracy with check test data, the controllability of drum test and repeatability are high in addition, can effectively stop the impact of uncertain factor, as windage.
2, take into full account the different break-in situations of automobile and the impact of driving cycle on transmission performance, set a plurality of vehicle-states and carry out unitary variant control test, test figure is more comprehensive, and certainty factor is high.
3, adopt the method for disassembling step by step power train part, through data processing, can obtain the single or impact of part assembly on transmission resistance, methodological science is reliable, has effectively avoided the impact of resistance to rolling on data.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that vehicle is at the model schematic diagram of drum test bench test.
Fig. 2 is automotive transmission resistance distribution test operation process flow diagram.
Wherein: testing vehicle 1, fixing device of the tire 2, rotary drum 3, sensor 4, raising speed case 5, dynamometer machine 6, variator 7, transmission shaft 8, drive axle 9.
Embodiment
For understanding better the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Automotive transmission resistance can be subject to the impact of a plurality of factors, and the drag size of each parts of kinematic train and Changing Pattern not identical.Distribution situation for accurate testing vehicle transmission resistance, the present invention sets with a plurality of vehicle-states and carries out the test that unitary variant is controlled test, the factor that affects test findings is strictly controlled, as remain testing laboratory's environment of constant temperature and humidity while testing, adopt the lubricating oil of variator of the same race and back axle, pressure of tire maintenance is certain etc.Test takes into full account the impact of the different break-in mileages of automobile on power train performance, selection is with new car and break-in mileage 300km, 1000km, 2000km tests respectively under four kinds of forms totally, and test respectively its cold conditions and hot two kinds of situations for the state of starting operating in automobile actual motion and normal driving cycle, amount to the resistance distribution situation of eight kinds of states of testing vehicle.
The resistance that the present invention mainly tests the parts such as shoe brake, transmission shaft 8 and variator 7, main reducing gear and semiaxis of power train distributes and Changing Pattern.Basic thought of the present invention is to adopt to tear step by step the method that subtracts power train part open and test, and then the resistance measurement value subtracting before and after certain parts is torn in contrast open, after certain data processing, obtains the resistance of these parts.The concrete grammar of tearing step by step subtract test open is first to carry out car load test, remove afterwards shoe brake, with this, isolate the impact of shoe brake on transmission resistance, and test the resistance under this state, in like manner, continue disconnection transmission shaft 8 and dismounting main reducing gear driving tooth, test respectively it and tear the vehicle drag after subtracting open, car load test altogether, the test of dismounting shoe brake, disconnection transmission shaft are tested with four groups of different power trains such as removing main reducing gear driving tooth and are torn the test data that subtracts state open.
The present invention carries out based on drum dynamometer, adopts and take the anti-method of dragging as basic single-point speed steady state test and two kinds of method testing automobile transmission resistances of Coast-down check.By single-point speed steady state test, evaluate the power size that vehicle drive system need to provide when the steady operation, this measured value is the running resistance of automobile under this speed; Coast-down check is to utilize drum dynamometer simulation to slide to evaluate the resistance of taxing size of vehicle drive system, then according to test result, determines the Changing Pattern of resistance and speed.Two kinds of methods all can draw vehicle transmission system resistance, but the emphasis of test result reflection is different, can reach the accuracy of demonstration test simultaneously, reduce the effect of error.
The single-point speed steady state test that the present invention adopts is that drum dynamometer is set in and is determined under velocity mode, set speed of a motor vehicle point and take 20km/h as initial value, take 10km/h as increment size, during cold conditions, measure 20～60km/h totally 5 points, when hot, measure 20～120km/h totally 11 points.During test, variator 7 is placed in neutral gear, and dynamometer machine 6, as driving source, makes the anti-driving wheel of vehicle that drags of cylinder rotate together with power train, and tachogenerator is measured travelling speed, is offered the power of automobile driving wheel after stablizing by force cell recording drum.
Coast-down check is that drum dynamometer is set in to simulation actual motion pattern, cylinder is counter, and to drag vehicle to certain speed (be 70km/h during cold conditions, when hot, be 130km/h), remove and control and power input, start time set and speed measuring device, make vehicle do coast until stop, record from slide start the coasting time spent of the every reduction of speed of a motor vehicle l0km/h, then according to v-t(Velocity-time) vehicle running resistance value under data relationship acquisition corresponding speed.
Two kinds of method of testings are all carried out three times, average, and then according to least square fitting test data, obtain the resistance F of each several part single-point speed steady state test
dwith the mathematical relation equation of speed V and the resistance F of Coast-down check
hwith the mathematical relation equation of speed V, wherein, transmission resistance meets equation F
d=A+B * V(A-coefficient of rolling resistance, B-power train internal resistance coefficient, V-sliding speed); Resistance of taxing meets equation F
h=F
0+ F
1* V+F
2* V
2(F
0-resistance to rolling equivalent value, F
1-dynamometer machine internal resistance equivalent value, F
2-air resistance equivalent value, V-sliding speed).
No matter be single-point speed steady state test or Coast-down check, the Resistance Value that the present invention directly records all can not be equal to vehicle transmission system resistance F completely
t, measured value also comprises tire drag F
f.Due to tire drag F
frelevant with coefficient of rolling resistance, carload and speed, the present invention controls coefficient of rolling resistance and remains unchanged as the surface of contact performance of tire and cylinder, pressure of tire, carload etc., known when identical travelling speed point, tire drag F
fequate.
The present invention subtracts power train part by tearing open, and contrast is torn open and subtracted former and later two driveline states of certain parts in the drag measurement value of same speed point, and both differences are the caused transmission resistance F of these parts
t, the resistance that records each power train part with this distributes and Changing Pattern.
Test measured value by resistance to rolling F
fwith transmission resistance F
tform, and according to tire drag F
fidentical speed point in different test modes has this principle of equal value, by tearing open, subtracts former and later two driveline states of certain parts and subtracts each other in the drag measurement value of same speed point, and its difference is the caused transmission resistance F of these parts
t, i.e. F
t=F-F
f, with this testing program, the present invention can test out distribution and the Changing Pattern of the power train part resistances such as shoe brake, transmission shaft 8 and main reducing gear altogether, and single-point speed steady state test and Coast-down check measured value during whole vehicle state are respectively F
d1, F
h1, removing under shoe brake state is F
d2, F
h2, under the shaft universal-joint state of dismounting drive axle power intake, be F
d3, F
h3, removing under new car main reducing gear passive tooth state is F
d4, F
h4, and actual transmission is resistance F
twith measured value F and resistance to rolling F
fbetween relation meet F
t=F-F
f.
Contrast two test modes known, the shoe brake that single-point speed steady state test draws is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t1=(F
d1-F
f)-(F
d2-F
f)=F
d1-F
d2, and its impact is Δ F under Coast-down check
t1'=(F
h1-F
f)-(F
h2-F
f)=F
h1-F
h2, the rest may be inferred, and the transmission shaft that single-point speed steady state test draws is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t2=F
d1-F
d3, and its impact is Δ F under Coast-down check
t2'=F
h1-F
h3, the main reducing gear that single-point speed steady state test draws is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t3=F
d1-F
d4, and its impact is Δ F under Coast-down check
t3'=F
h1-F
h4, after improving pointedly the correlation parameter of corresponding power train part, car load kinematic train resistance can obviously reduce, and transmission efficiency significantly promotes.
Claims (6)
1. the test method that automotive transmission resistance distributes, is characterized in that, comprises the step of carrying out in order as follows:
S1, prepares before the test of testing vehicle and drum dynamometer, and the break-in state of testing vehicle is new car;
S2 carries out respectively single-point speed steady state test and Coast-down check under cold conditions;
S3, at hot lower single-point speed steady state test and the Coast-down check of carrying out respectively;
S4, removes the shoe brake of new car wheel hub, recovers vehicle-state, and the experiment content of repeating step S2 and S3 completes the test of removing shoe brake state;
S5, the shaft universal-joint of dismounting new car drive axle power intake, recovers vehicle-state, and the experiment content of repeating step S2 and S3, completes the test that disconnects transmission shaft state;
S6, removes new car main reducing gear passive tooth, and main reducing gear input shaft keeps sealing, recovers vehicle-state, and the experiment content of repeating step S2 and S3 completes the test of removing main reducing gear state;
S7, removes new car stationary installation, and vehicle is shifted out to drum dynamometer, returns to whole vehicle state;
S8, arranges a plurality of different testing vehicle break-in mileage parameters, and testing vehicle break-in mileage parameter area is 300km～2000km, according to ascending order, and the content of the test of completing steps S1～S7 under each testing vehicle break-in mileage parameter;
S9, deal with data, carries out matching according to least square method, and while obtaining carrying out single-point speed steady state test, the Resistance Value recording under whole vehicle state is F
d1, removing the Resistance Value recording under shoe brake state is F
d2, disconnecting the Resistance Value recording under transmission shaft state is F
d3, removing the Resistance Value recording under main reducing gear state is F
d1; While carrying out Coast-down check, the Resistance Value recording under whole vehicle state is F
h1, removing the Resistance Value recording under shoe brake state is F
h2, disconnecting the Resistance Value recording under transmission shaft state is F
h3, removing the Resistance Value recording under main reducing gear state is F
h4;
S10, can obtain according to step S9, and while carrying out single-point speed steady state test, shoe brake is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t1=F
d1-F
d2, transmission shaft is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t2=F
d1-F
d3, main reducing gear is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t3=F
d1-F
d4; While carrying out Coast-down check, shoe brake is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t1'=F
h1-F
h2, transmission shaft is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t2'=F
h1-F
h3, main reducing gear is Δ F on the impact of transmission resistance
t3'=F
h1-F
h4.
2. the test method that automotive transmission resistance as claimed in claim 1 distributes, it is characterized in that, in described step S1, before experiment, prepare to comprise the driving wheel of testing vehicle is placed on the cylinder of drum dynamometer, position at the auxiliary lower adjustment test carriage wheel of lifting device, stationary installation is fixed vehicle non-driving wheel and vehicle body, and transmission for vehicles is placed in neutral, and operation parking braking is releasing orientation.
3. the test method that automotive transmission resistance as claimed in claim 2 distributes, it is characterized in that, in described step S2, get respectively 20Km/h, 30Km/h, 40Km/h, 50Km/h, 60Km/h speed point carries out single-point speed steady state test, records the Resistance Value of each speed point; While carrying out Coast-down check, record sliding speed and slide to stopping from 60km/h, the every decline 10km/h of speed required time, calculates resistance of taxing; Single-point speed steady state test and Coast-down check are all tested three times, get the mean value of three times.
4. the test method that automotive transmission resistance as claimed in claim 2 distributes, it is characterized in that, in described step S8, three different testing vehicle break-in mileage parameter 300km, 1000km and 2000km are set, testing vehicle is carried out to the break-in that testing vehicle break-in mileage parameter is 300km, the content of the test of completing steps S1～S7; Testing vehicle break-in mileage parameter is increased to 1000km, the content of the test of completing steps S1～S7; Testing vehicle break-in mileage parameter is increased to 2000km, the content of the test of completing steps S1～S7.
5. the test method that the automotive transmission resistance as described in claim 2 or 3 or 4 distributes, is characterized in that, in described step S3, hot be with rotary drum with the speed of 80km/h to the anti-preheating 20min that drags of testing vehicle.
6. the test method that automotive transmission resistance as claimed in claim 5 distributes, it is characterized in that, in described step S3, single-point speed steady state test under hot, records the Resistance Value of measured 20km/h, 30km/h, 40km/h, 50km/h, 60km/h, 70km/h, 80km/h, 90km/h, 100km/h, 110km/h, 120km/h speed point; Carry out the Coast-down check under hot, record sliding speed and from 120km/h, slide until stop, the every decline 10km/h of speed required time, the data of sliding speed and time, calculate resistance of taxing; Single-point speed steady state test and Coast-down check are all tested three times, get the mean value of three times.
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| CN103983460A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-13 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle internal resistance testing method |
| CN104880322A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-09-02 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Test method applied to vehicle driving machinery resistance |
| CN106872105A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-06-20 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Whole vehicle state underdrive system multiaspect residue unbalance dynamic method of testing |
| CN107290158A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-24 | 吴明 | The modification method of automobile art skating transmission resistance |
| CN107478437A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-15 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for testing relation between road resistance and vehicle speed |
| CN109632290A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-16 | 江铃控股有限公司 | Gearbox test-drive method |
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| CN112179675A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-05 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | Method and device for testing dragging energy consumption of electric automobile calipers |
| CN113465803A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-10-01 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Pure electric vehicle internal resistance testing method and device and computer readable storage medium |
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| CN103983460A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-13 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle internal resistance testing method |
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| CN107478437B (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2020-09-29 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for testing relation between road resistance and vehicle speed |
| CN107478437A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-15 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for testing relation between road resistance and vehicle speed |
| CN107290158B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-01-01 | 吴明 | The modification method of automobile art skating transmission resistance |
| CN107290158A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-24 | 吴明 | The modification method of automobile art skating transmission resistance |
| CN109632290A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-16 | 江铃控股有限公司 | Gearbox test-drive method |
| CN112051073A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-08 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Vehicle transmission resistance measuring method, vehicle transmission resistance measuring system and vehicle transmission resistance measuring storage medium |
| CN112179675A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-05 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | Method and device for testing dragging energy consumption of electric automobile calipers |
| CN113465803A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-10-01 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Pure electric vehicle internal resistance testing method and device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN113654809A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-16 | 河南德力新能源汽车有限公司 | Method for measuring actual sliding resistance coefficient of electric automobile by using VBOX equipment |
| CN114486295A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 恒大恒驰新能源汽车研究院(上海)有限公司 | Wheel steering friction force testing method, test bed and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20140416 |