CN103695939A - Laser repairing remanufacturing method of ultra-large cutting equipment cutter - Google Patents
Laser repairing remanufacturing method of ultra-large cutting equipment cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103695939A CN103695939A CN201310722874.3A CN201310722874A CN103695939A CN 103695939 A CN103695939 A CN 103695939A CN 201310722874 A CN201310722874 A CN 201310722874A CN 103695939 A CN103695939 A CN 103695939A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser repairing remanufacturing method of an ultra-large cutting equipment cutter, and relates to the technical field of machine manufacturing and material processing application. Firstly, the laser cladding processing is implemented for a damaged area of the cutter; the supply mode of the cladding is preset laser cladding; then, an adsorption layer is coated on the surface of the damaged area of the cutter; the laser impact processing is implemented for the damaged area of the cutter under the protection of a restraint layer. The laser repairing remanufacturing method of the ultra-large cutting equipment cutter improves the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and oxidization resistance of metal surfaces, prominently enhances the fatigue strength of materials, prolongs the service life of the materials, effectively improves the micro-motion fatigue resistance of the cutter surface, restrains the production of fatigue cracks, and reduces the propagation rate of the fatigue cracks. Therefore, the processing method largely improves the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue strength of the materials so as to prolong the service life of the ultra-large cutting equipment cutter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to machinofacture and material processing processed and applied technical field, refer in particular to the laser repairing reproducing method that a kind of ultra-large type is sheared equipment cutter, be particularly useful for the injury repairing that ultra-large type is sheared equipment cutter blade.
Background technology
Laser melting coating is a kind of surface hardening processing technology, and it utilizes high energy laser beam fusing clad material, and on base material, forms pore-free that 50 μ m ~ 2mm very thin, low dilution rate are thick, flawless, is combined good cladding layer with base material.This Technology can the mutual overlapping covering with independent track, is applied to large-area modification.Its unique function is can the multiple alloy material of cladding and the applicable small area region of processing.With laser melting coating, can under lower cost condition, significantly improve the surface property of material, expand its scope of application and field, extend its work-ing life.
In advanced manufacturing technology, laser-impact processing technology is as the Typical Representative of high energy beam, it is a kind of processing means with good prospect, its principle is that shockwave and the material of high-energy short-pulse laser induction interacts, at metal material surface, forming plastic deformation layer produces the crystal such as twin and forms superfine little dislocation substructure, make material surface form very large residual compressive stress, thereby the performances such as fatigue strength, hardness of metallic substance are improved, especially fatigue lifetime.This technology is widely applied in all trades and professions such as mechanical engineering, boats and ships, aviation, microelectronics, and this technology is mainly used in material modification, metal shock peening and shaping at present, and the aspect such as nondestructive testing.
In ultra-large type, shear in equipment, realize final shear object vital part---cutter is extremely important, the quality of its quality, the length in life-span, by directly affecting use and the usefulness of a whole set of lathe or unit, are more related to output and economic benefit.And shearing machine blade in use bears the mechanical force such as stretching, bending, impact, friction, the phenomenon such as brittle failure, tipping therefore often occur, wear and tear, pull, causes the present situations such as early failure.The inefficacy that ultra-large type is sheared equipment cutter not only affects the quality of product but also increases production cost, and frequently more cutter more can cause turnout to decline, and to enterprise, brings huge financial loss; Once cutter lost efficacy and just substantially scrapped on the other hand, had seriously wasted material, did not meet recycling economy development requirement.Therefore need to adopt various modern techniquies the ultra-large type losing efficacy to be sheared to equipment cutter carries out fast, precise repairing, the work-ing life that significantly extends, improves cutter.
At present, the method for repairing cutter mainly contains two kinds: the one, utilize the method for high frequency brazing, and can realize cutter and be connected with the reliable of Wimet, still this method is excessive to the heat affected zone of cutter itself, has reduced the hardness of cutter hub itself; Another kind method is mechanical connection method, but machining screw is more difficult on cutter.Utilize the method for laser melting coating to repair the example of titanium alloy component a lot, but utilize the method for laser melting coating to repair the temporary beyond example of shearing tool.
The patent No. is that the Chinese patent of CN102912341A discloses a kind of method of utilizing laser melting coating to repair rapid steel cutting tool.The method is under vacuum environment, and the fray to rapid steel cutting tool matrix, by Laser Cladding Carbide Hard powder, realizes the reparation of cutting tool is manufactured again.But in simple laser cladding process, the laser beam rapid heating of high-energy-density makes to produce very large thermograde between repair layer and base material, also can produce higher thermal stresses, can cause the germinating of molten multiple slabbing line and bubble, affect the work-ing life of cutter.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind ofly to overcome above rectification of defects, can comprehensively improve ultra-large type and shear the laser repairing reproducing method that the ultra-large type of the mechanical property of equipment cutter is sheared equipment cutter.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) tool surface is carried out to nondestructive testing, determine the damage zone of cutter;
2) Laser Cladding Treatment is carried out in the damage zone of cutter, the supply mode of cladding is preset laser cladding;
3) on the surface, damage zone of cutter, apply absorption layer, then under the protection of restraint layer, laser-impact processing is carried out in the damage zone of cutter.
The present invention by by the combination of laser melting coating and reiforcing laser impact technology, has avoided the welding distortion in conventional machining method, and heat affected zone is large, is prone to thermal crack, in use procedure easily generation come off, problems of crack.The present invention first shears equipment cutter to ultra-large type and carries out laser melting coating reparation, makes cladding layer material and matrix form good metallurgical binding, has improved wear-resisting, the anti-corrosion and resistance of oxidation of metallic surface, has significantly improved fatigue strength and the work-ing life of material.The present invention carries out laser impact intensified processing to cladding layer again, in ultra-large type, shear equipment tool surface and produce high amplitude residual compressive stress, effectively improve the fretting fatigue drag of tool surface, suppressed the germinating of fatigue cracking, reduced the spreading rate of fatigue cracking.Therefore this treatment process will be greatly improved wear resistance, corrosion stability and the fatigue strength of material, and then has extended the work-ing life that ultra-large type is sheared equipment cutter.This technique is applicable to surface modification and the reparation of all kinds of metal cutters.
Advantage of the present invention is specific as follows:
1, repairing effect is better: laser melting coating impacts Combined Processing can not only effectively repair the crackle that ultra-large type is sheared equipment cutter, and the depth of residual stress that laser-impact forms is 10 times of left and right that mechanic shot peening forms, can significantly improves ultra-large type and shear and reach more than 3 times the fatigue lifetime of equipment cutter.
2, wider: for certain body material, can to select suitable Metal Melting whiting end to repair.Laser melting coating+laser-impact composite treatment technology can be repaired arbitrary shape, arbitrary surface, and other restorative procedures have its limitation.
3, the distortion on laser melting coating impact composite treatment technology repair materials surface is very little, does not affect structural part heart portion performance.
4, laser melting coating impacts composite treatment technology reparation simple and fast, and efficiency is high, greatly reduces maintenance cost.
5, laser melting coating impacts composite treatment technology feature of environmental protection excellence: without any pollution.Secondary pollution to environment while avoiding the ways of recycling such as employing is melted down, smelting is green reproducing method.
In addition, in order to prevent that impurity from fusing into, produce secondary cracks or hole affects cladding effect in cladding layer, do not reach tool life, the present invention carries out sanding and polishing and cleanly carries out Laser Cladding Treatment after clean again damage zone.
In order to make the apparent mass of cladding layer best, flawless and hole produce, and the present invention for the processing parameter of the YAG pulsed laser of laser melting coating is: the power range of laser is 1000W～1500W, and sweep velocity scope is 2～30mm/s.
The cladding layer thickness that laser melting coating forms is 0.2～1.0mm.Cladding layer is the laser beam that utilizes high-energy-density by the consolidation form the coating of metallurgical binding together with matrix (cutter) skin layer of cladding powder.The wear resistance of cladding layer and oxidation-resistance will, higher than original base layer, that is to say that cladding layer can play the effect of protection cutter, can extend the work-ing life of cutter.
In order to reach the required shortest time of cutter material generation local plastic deformation, the distortion of material generation dynamic plasticity, in ductile bed, exist residual compressive stress, material dislocation desity is extended, material yield intensity is improved, thereby the life-span of material is extended, when described laser-impact is processed, CO
2the processing parameter of laser apparatus is: output wavelength is 10.6 μ m, and pulse energy is 35J～50J.
50J just can meet requirement of experiment with interior pulsed laser energy, higher than 50J, increases cost.But pulse energy can not be lower than 35J, as lower than 35J, material is difficult for occurring dynamic plasticity distortion, does not reach the requirement increasing the service life.
Described absorption layer is pitch-dark or aluminium foil.Described restraint layer is water or glass.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1 microhardness that is tool surface after different process is processed and apart from the graph of a relation of surperficial distance.
Embodiment
One, renovation technique:
Example one: the ultra-large type that is Cr12MoV tool steel to material is sheared equipment cutter and repaired.
First cutter is carried out to oil removing, rust cleaning, and clean up with alcohol, then cutter is carried out to surface nondestructive detection, accurately locate damage location.Then damage location resistates is removed, defect is carried out after sanding and polishing cutter after thoroughly removing totally, with PT flaw detection, confirms whether damage is thoroughly peace and quiet.Processed good cutter is put on worktable, is located afterwards and fixes to clamp with fixture.
Adjusting operating platform, make to treat cladding cutter with coaxial working head in suitable Working position, regulate the processing parameter for the YAG pulsed laser of laser melting coating to be: laser power is 1500W, and spot diameter is 5mm, and sweep velocity is 5mm/s, and overlapping rate is 30%.Cladding powder adopts is combined good Co-based alloy powder with substrate alloy, granularity is 325 orders.Damage location is carried out to laser melting coating reparation, by numerical control operating platform adjusting operating platform, the region that cutter is repaired according to the complete required laser melting coating of certain track motion scan.
The cladding layer thickness that laser melting coating forms is 0.2～1.0mm.
After cladding layer is cooling, with alcohol, clean tool surface, coat after dry pitch-darkly, cutter is put on worktable again, after having good positioning, with fixture, clamped.Adjusting operating platform, makes cutter in suitable Working position, now by central control processor, controls CO
2laser controller and light beam conversion and setting device regulate CO
2laser parameter: pulsed laser energy is 35J～50J, output wavelength is 10.6 μ m, spot diameter is 5mm, take water as restraint layer carries out laser impact intensified processing to coated areas, then with alcohol, cleans the pitch-dark of impact zone.
Example two: the ultra-large type that is T10 tool steel to material is sheared equipment cutter and repaired.
Procedure of processing is identical with upper example, not phase:
1, regulate the processing parameter of the YAG pulsed laser that is used for laser melting coating to be: laser power is 1000W, and spot diameter is 5mm, and sweep velocity is 2mm/s.
2, cladding powder adopts: Co-based alloy powder.
3, with aluminium foil, substitute pitch-dark as absorption layer.
When 4, laser-impact is processed, CO
2the processing parameter of laser apparatus is: pulse energy is 40J.
5, take glass as restraint layer.
Two, the result:
The microhardness and apart from the graph of a relation of surperficial distance after different process is processed of tool surface as shown in Figure 1.
Three curves are wherein respectively: untreated (base material) microhardness of tool surface and apart from the relation of surperficial distance, tool surface microhardness and apart from surperficial distance relation, tool surface microhardness and apart from the relation of surperficial distance after laser melting coating and laser-impact are processed after Laser Cladding Treatment.
As seen from Figure 1: the cutter hardness by laser melting coating of the present invention and laser impact intensified reparation significantly improves, its surface residual stress state becomes compressive stress state from tensile stress state, the performances such as its fatigue lifetime and wear resistance are significantly improved, and this is significant to improving ultra-large type shearing equipment cutter material performance.
Claims (7)
1. ultra-large type is sheared a laser repairing reproducing method for equipment cutter, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) tool surface is carried out to nondestructive testing, determine the damage zone of cutter;
2) Laser Cladding Treatment is carried out in the damage zone of cutter, the supply mode of cladding is preset laser cladding;
3) on the surface, damage zone of cutter, apply absorption layer, then under the protection of restraint layer, laser-impact processing is carried out in the damage zone of cutter.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after damage zone is carried out sanding and polishing and cleaned totally, carry out Laser Cladding Treatment.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the processing parameter for the YAG pulsed laser of laser melting coating is: the power range of laser is 1000W～1500W, and sweep velocity scope is 2～30mm/s.
4. according to the method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: the cladding layer thickness that laser melting coating forms is 0.2～1.0mm.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when described laser-impact is processed, and CO
2the processing parameter of laser apparatus is: output wavelength is 10.6 μ m, and pulse energy is 35J～50J.
6. according to compounding method described in claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that described absorption layer is pitch-dark or aluminium foil.
7. according to compounding method described in claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that described restraint layer is water or glass.
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| CN201310722874.3A CN103695939A (en) | 2013-12-25 | 2013-12-25 | Laser repairing remanufacturing method of ultra-large cutting equipment cutter |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104388949A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-03-04 | 燕山大学 | Continuous point type forging laser forming restoration apparatus for damaged titanium alloy forging |
| CN105108444A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏万力机械股份有限公司 | Repairing and strengthening method for tool of high-temperature in-service shearing equipment |
| CN105312832A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-10 | 甘肃酒钢集团西部重工股份有限公司 | Laser remanufacturing method for scraper bar |
| WO2016074314A1 (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-05-19 | 江苏大学 | Laser thermal combination remanufacturing method for damaged metal part |
| CN105862028A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-17 | 江苏大学 | Laser repair remanufacture method of automobile engine crankshaft |
| CN110284134A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-27 | 上海岳乾激光科技有限公司 | A kind of laser cladding repair technique of rotary cutter edge |
| CN111088488A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-01 | 东华大学 | 3D printing method based on laser cladding and laser shock |
| CN112663051A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-16 | 国营四达机械制造公司 | Laser cladding repair method for local damage of external thread of undercarriage axle |
| CN114317939A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-12 | 清华大学 | Skate blade of skating shoe, preparation method thereof and skating shoe |
| CN115041819A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-13 | 华南理工大学 | Method for improving fatigue performance of welded joint |
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| CN101403114A (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2009-04-08 | 江苏宏大特种钢机械厂 | Surface crack renovation method for key elements of chain grate |
| CN102912341A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-02-06 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Method for repairing high-speed steel cutter by means of laser cladding |
| CN103409758A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-11-27 | 江苏大学 | Method for prolonging life of pump shells and blades by carrying out laser strengthening micro-cracks |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN101403114A (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2009-04-08 | 江苏宏大特种钢机械厂 | Surface crack renovation method for key elements of chain grate |
| CN102912341A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-02-06 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Method for repairing high-speed steel cutter by means of laser cladding |
| CN103409758A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-11-27 | 江苏大学 | Method for prolonging life of pump shells and blades by carrying out laser strengthening micro-cracks |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104388949B (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2016-08-24 | 燕山大学 | Impaired titanium alloy forging continuous point type forging and stamping Laser forming repair device |
| CN104388949A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-03-04 | 燕山大学 | Continuous point type forging laser forming restoration apparatus for damaged titanium alloy forging |
| US10391587B2 (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2019-08-27 | Jiangsu University | Laser thermal combination remanufacturing method for damaged metal part |
| WO2016074314A1 (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-05-19 | 江苏大学 | Laser thermal combination remanufacturing method for damaged metal part |
| CN105108444A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏万力机械股份有限公司 | Repairing and strengthening method for tool of high-temperature in-service shearing equipment |
| CN105312832A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-10 | 甘肃酒钢集团西部重工股份有限公司 | Laser remanufacturing method for scraper bar |
| CN105862028A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-17 | 江苏大学 | Laser repair remanufacture method of automobile engine crankshaft |
| CN110284134A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-27 | 上海岳乾激光科技有限公司 | A kind of laser cladding repair technique of rotary cutter edge |
| CN110284134B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2021-07-09 | 上海岳乾激光科技有限公司 | Laser cladding repair process for disc shear blade |
| CN111088488A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-01 | 东华大学 | 3D printing method based on laser cladding and laser shock |
| CN112663051A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-16 | 国营四达机械制造公司 | Laser cladding repair method for local damage of external thread of undercarriage axle |
| CN112663051B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-11-04 | 国营四达机械制造公司 | Laser cladding repair method for local damage of external thread of undercarriage axle |
| CN114317939A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-12 | 清华大学 | Skate blade of skating shoe, preparation method thereof and skating shoe |
| CN115041819A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-13 | 华南理工大学 | Method for improving fatigue performance of welded joint |
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Application publication date: 20140402 |