CN103651617B - One Plant Extracts evoking tobacco produces purposes and the preparation method to powder mildew resistance - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to plant pest green ecological Prevention Technique field, the invention discloses a kind of evoking tobacco and produce the plant extracts to Powdery Mildew in Tobacco resistance, this plant extracts is red Herba Alii fistulosi extract. This plant extracts also comprises Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract and water. In this plant extracts, the weight ratio of red green onion, Chinese honey locust and water is 1-10:2:2-10. The present invention find red Herba Alii fistulosi extract obviously evoking tobacco plant produce Powdery Mildew in Tobacco resistance, so can prevent and effectively prevent tobacco to produce powdery mildew, can fundamentally suppress the harm that Powdery Mildew in Tobacco is produced tobacco, not only to tobacco safety, also to people and animals' Environmental security, and there is huge economic implications and environmental and ecological value.

Description

One Plant Extracts evoking tobacco produces purposes and the preparation method to powder mildew resistance

Technical field

The present invention relates to plant pest green ecological Prevention Technique field, relate in particular to a Plant Extracts induction cigaretteGrass produces purposes and the preparation method to powder mildew resistance.

Background technology

Powdery Mildew in Tobacco is commonly called as " upper ash ", " frost occurs ", " upper nitre ". This disease mostly is the ripe Lao Ye of evil, from bottom to top development. LeafSheet morbidity, is just rotund yellowish-brown stigma, and on rear spot, existing white powdery point, makes scab be blanket shape, and patch expands, white powderBe covered with whole blade, the first chlorisis browning of sick leaf, rear withered. The tender stem of causing harm when serious, is also covered with white powder on sick stem. After sick leaf bakingThin as a piece of paper, the look brown of secretly becoming rusty, loses economic worth. All there is generation in Ge Yan district of China, wherein with south China, southwest and Central China Yan QuFor generally, endanger also heavier.

Cause of disease is Powdery Mildew in Tobacco bacterium, belongs to Ascomycotina, gang pyrenomycetes, Erysiphales, Erysiphe. Seedling stage and strain phaseAll can occur.

Powdery Mildew in Tobacco by the tobacco powder spore bacterium of Deuteromycotina infect cause. It has condition to be included into AscomycotinaTwo spore powdery mildews, but have condition seldom to find. Germ mycelia tool is separated, colourless. Conidiophore and mycelia without condition are hung downDirectly, thread, shorter, without branch, approximately 80～120 × 12～14 microns of sizes, acroconidium. Conidium is concatenated, by upperAnd under ripe in turn, colourless, unit cell, cylindrical shape, size is 30～32 × 13～15 microns. Pathogen growth thermophilic 22 DEG C～28DEG C. 23 DEG C～25 DEG C of conidia germination optimum temperatures, the suitableeest relative humidity 60%～80%. Relative humidity below 20% stillThere is minority spore to sprout, but seldom can sprout in relative humidity 100% or water droplet. Germ belongs to obligate ectophyte,All mycelium length is on host surface, stretches into and in epidermal cells of host, draws nutrient with hapteron. There is Physiological Differentiation phenomenon in germ,Have the biological strain of many different pathological forms, they are widely different to different hosts' pathogenicity. Germ host range is wide, smoke abatementOutside grass, can also infect 100 various plants such as Curcurbitaceae, composite family.

The current method of preventing and treating mainly contains:

(1) select disease-resistant variety

(2) extract the pin leaf of catching an illness

The generation of powdery mildew, from the more ripe blade in cigarette strain bottom, spreads from bottom to top, and tobacco grower is in order to reduce the loss,The From The Immature Leaves that often bottom is infected to powdery mildew is adopted roasting in advance, has greatly reduced field and has infected pathogeny, rises to reducing the state of an illnessRate has fine inhibitory action. In bake process, directly enter drying muscle stage temperature after hanging Huang, avoid the brown reaction of fixation stage.Not low-lying land, continuous cropping plant cigarette; Regulation irrigation and drainage system, carries out high furrow zanjon cultivation, after rain, drains the water away in time; Rational application of fertilizers(N: P: K=1: 2: 3 or 1: 2: 2) sprays leaf nutritive agent in good time.

(3) chemical control

20% triadimefon can 1000～1500 times of liquid of wet-milling, and 70% thiophanate+75% Bravo can wet-milling (1: 1) 1000～1500 times of liquid, 50% Tuzet can 600 times of liquid of wet-milling, and 40% triazolone carbendazim can 1000 times of liquid of wet-milling, 50% triazolone sulphur800～1000 times of liquid of sulphur suspending agent, or 45% triazolone thiram can 800～1000 times of liquid of wet-milling, in the time of plant envelope row,Connect and spray 2～3 times, every 7～10 days once, alternately use, spray even spray foot.

(4) tie up and on bar, before a heatable brick bed, spray thiophanate methyl

Powdery mildew conidium germination maximum temperature is 32 DEG C, and when when baking, flavescence temperature does not exceed 32 DEG C, disease can continueSupervention exhibition, often 1 grade of sick leaf (lesion area accounts for leaf area below 5%) enters after barn, and scab still continues to expand, and is even covered withQuan Ye. Tie up on bar, before a heatable brick bed, sick foliar spray is executed to thiophanate methyl, the expansion that can effectively suppress scab spreads.

(5) vega ponding

Often cause field humidity large, be beneficial to disease popular, should take high ridging cultivation, often keep ditch unobstructed, andTime get rid of field ponding.

(6) adopt in time roasting pin leaf

Improve field illumination, ventilation condition, reduce field humidity, reduce disease and spread.

Although more than the method for preventing and treating can be prevented and treated to a certain extent the generation of Powdery Mildew in Tobacco and spread, effect is notVery desirable, and the generation that can not fundamentally stop Powdery Mildew in Tobacco.

Natural active matter in plant is to have bioactive natural treasure-house, have can produce exceed 400,000 kinds timeRaw metabolite, many metabolites have antibacterial activity, and have the function of induction plant generation induction of resistance, and derive fromNature, to people, animal safety, pollution-free, become the focus that current new type bactericide and induction of resistance agent are studied. In recent years, stateInside and outside many scholars have done deep investigation and research to antibacterial, the induction of resistance of some plants, and red green onion is the red allium of IridaceaePlant, is distributed widely in Guangxi, Yunnan. Property hardship, cool, bulb, herb can be used as medicine.

Plant has abundant natural activity compound, at present, more to the research of plant-based bacteriostat both at home and abroad. PlantBactericide derives from nature, safety, the pollution-free focus that has become current new type bactericide initiative research. Its structure type relates toThe compounds such as terpene, alkaloids, flavonoids. But the research to the issuable induction of resistance of plant just just starts, thisThe induction of resistance activity that red green onion produces on tobacco plant has been confirmed in research invention for the first time.

Summary of the invention

The present invention finds that red Herba Alii fistulosi extract can produce powder mildew resistance by evoking tobacco plant, thereby avoids tobacco to occurPowdery mildew.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

It is red Herba Alii fistulosi extract to the plant extracts of powder mildew resistance that evoking tobacco of the present invention produces.

This plant extracts also comprises Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract and water.

In this plant extracts, the weight ratio of red green onion and Chinese honey locust is 1-10: 2.

Preferred: 2-5: 2.

More preferably: 3: 2.

In this plant extracts, the weight ratio of red green onion, Chinese honey locust and water is 1-10: 2: 2-10.

Preferred: 2-5: 2: 3-7.

More preferably: 3: 2: 5.

The method of preparing plant extracts of the present invention is as follows:

(1) preparation of red Herba Alii fistulosi extract, dries red green onion complete stool, pulverizes, and by lixiviate in 1: 5 twice, filters filtrate with methyl alcoholUse Rotary Evaporators reduced pressure concentration below at 30 DEG C, obtain medicinal extract, low temperature saves backup;

(2) preparation of Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract, dries the fruit of Chinese honey locust, pulverizes, and by lixiviate in 1: 5 twice, filters filter with methyl alcoholLiquid is used Rotary Evaporators reduced pressure concentration below at 30 DEG C, obtains medicinal extract, and low temperature saves backup;

(3) mixture, the red Herba Alii fistulosi extract and the Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract that allow in use step (1) and step (2) prepare add water,Mix and can use by proportioning.

Good effect of the present invention is as follows:

The present invention finds that red Herba Alii fistulosi extract can produce powder mildew resistance by evoking tobacco plant, so can prevent and preventOnly tobacco produces powdery mildew, can fundamentally solve the puzzlement of powdery mildew to tobacco, not only safety and environmental protection, and have hugeEconomic implications.

Detailed description of the invention

The following examples are to describe in further detail of the present invention.

Embodiment 1

1 Preparatory work of experiment

1.1 test strain

Cause of disease is Powdery Mildew in Tobacco

1.2 induction of resistance plant societys

Red green onion, Chinese honey locust.

1.3 instrument

Ultrasonic cleaner HS-10260D, Rotary Evaporators R-215 (), electronic balance AL204-IC (Mei TeLe-Tuo benefit Instrument Ltd.), ultraviolet analysis instrument for three purposed WFH-203 (above Industrial Co., Ltd. of Nereid section), HPLC analyzer(Waters), superclean bench SW-CJ-IF (safe and sound company of Su Jing group manufactures), full-automatic high-pressure autoclave MLS-2420(SANYOElectricCo, Ltd.), electro-heating standing-temperature cultivator DHP-360 (Beijing forever bright Medical Instruments factory).

The induction of resistance activity of 2 red Herba Alii fistulosi extracts

The extraction of 2.1 active substance of plant

Red green onion complete stool is dried, pulverize. Take 500g methyl alcohol by lixiviate in 1: 5 twice, filter. Filtrate is 30 DEG C of following usingRotary Evaporators reduced pressure concentration, obtains medicinal extract, and low temperature saves backup.

The fruit of Chinese honey locust is dried, pulverize. Take 500g methyl alcohol by lixiviate in 1: 5 twice, filter. Filtrate is below 30 DEG CUse Rotary Evaporators reduced pressure concentration, obtain medicinal extract, low temperature saves backup.

2.2 induction of resistance determinations of activity

Laboratory adopts pot-culture method, and field directly sprays in vega tobacco plant. Working sample produces and lures tobacco plantAfter adpedance, to the inhibitory action of powdery mildew morbidity.

Laboratory pot-culture method: red green onion crude extract water is dissolved, be formulated as the sample solution of 20mg/mL, with pure water blankContrast, each sample is established 3 repetitions. Use lesion area rate, calculate induction of resistance inhibiting rate (%), and data are carried out to statisticalAnalyse. Be calculated as follows inhibiting rate:

The active effect of induction of resistance (%)=(contrast lesion area-processing lesion area)/contrast lesion area × 100

Positive control adopts 75% Bravo wettable powder (WP): water dissolves, and is formulated as the positive control of 20mg/mLLiquid.

Field induction of resistance effect: the ratio red Herba Alii fistulosi extract, Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract and water according to 1: 2: 7,3: 2: 5,5: 2: 3Example is mixed, and sprays in the tobacco plant of 13 leaves with sprayer, investigates the effect of induction of resistance after 10 days.

The active result of 2.3 induction of resistance

The measurement result in laboratory shows, red green onion has significantly to the active effect of the induction of resistance of Powdery Mildew in Tobacco.

Table 1: the induction of resistance active function of red Herba Alii fistulosi extract to Powdery Mildew in Tobacco

Note: in table, data are to repeat mean value 3 times.

2.4 induction of resistance field effects

Field test result shows, red green onion has significantly to the active effect of the induction of resistance of Powdery Mildew in Tobacco. Be considered toThis etc. factor, red green onion mix using 3: 2 with the ratio of Chinese honey locust as the most applicable proportioning.

Table 2: the induction of resistance active function of plant extracts to Powdery Mildew in Tobacco

Note: in table, data are to repeat mean value 3 times.

Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, canUnderstand and can carry out multiple variation, amendment, replacement to these embodiment without departing from the principles and spirit of the present inventionAnd modification, scope of the present invention is limited by claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (9)

1. a Plant Extracts evoking tobacco produces the purposes to powder mildew resistance, it is characterized in that: this plant extracts isRed Herba Alii fistulosi extract.

2. purposes as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: this plant extracts also comprises Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract and water.

3. purposes as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: red Herba Alii fistulosi extract and Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract in this plant extractsWeight ratio is 1-10: 2.

4. purposes as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: red Herba Alii fistulosi extract and Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract in this plant extractsWeight ratio is 2-5: 2.

5. purposes as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: red Herba Alii fistulosi extract and Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract in this plant extractsWeight ratio is 3: 2.

6. purposes as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: red Herba Alii fistulosi extract in this plant extracts, Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract andThe weight ratio of water is 1-10: 2: 2-10.

7. purposes as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: red Herba Alii fistulosi extract in this plant extracts, Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract andThe weight ratio of water is 2-5: 2: 3-7.

8. purposes as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: red Herba Alii fistulosi extract in this plant extracts, Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract andThe weight ratio of water is 3: 2: 5.

9. the purposes as described in claim 2-8 any one, is characterized in that: described plant extracts preparation method is as follows:

(1) preparation of red Herba Alii fistulosi extract, dries red green onion complete stool, pulverizes, and, filters by lixiviate in 1: 5 twice with methyl alcohol, and filtrate is 30DEG C use Rotary Evaporators reduced pressure concentration below, obtain medicinal extract, low temperature saves backup;

(2) preparation of Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract, dries the fruit of Chinese honey locust, pulverizes, and, filters by lixiviate in 1: 5 twice with methyl alcohol, and filtrate existsUse Rotary Evaporators reduced pressure concentration below for 30 DEG C, obtain medicinal extract, low temperature saves backup;

(3) mixture, the red Herba Alii fistulosi extract and the Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract that allow in use step (1) and step (2) prepare add moisture, pressProportioning mixes and can use.