CN103603729A - Variable-displacement engine - Google Patents

Abstract

A variable-displacement engine belongs to the technical field of engines. The first, second, third, and fourth cylinders of the direct injection engine in the present invention all have intake pipes corresponding to them, and the intake pipes and joints of the first, second, third, and fourth cylinders are respectively connected to each other. The valve split type intake mechanism is connected; the outlet at the end of the exhaust manifold is connected to the three-way catalytic converter, the side outlet of the exhaust manifold is connected to the inlet of the exhaust gas return pipe I, and the outlet of the exhaust gas return pipe I is connected to the throttle valve equipped with the throttle valve III Part III is connected to the exhaust gas return pipe II, and the exhaust gas return pipe II is connected to the four-cylinder intake pipe of the throttle valve split intake mechanism; The three-cylinder fuel injector and the four-cylinder fuel injector are connected; after the displacement is changed, the invention can ensure that the excess air coefficient is 1 when the engine is working, so that the three-way catalytic converter can work normally, can improve emission, and can avoid internal cooling of the cylinder Alternate heat, improve the service life of the engine, low cost, good fuel saving effect.

Description

A variable displacement engine

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and in particular relates to a variable-displacement engine capable of improving fuel-saving efficiency.

Background technique

Variable displacement technology refers to stop some cylinders working under small load conditions, and inject more fuel to other cylinders, so that it can produce the same power as all cylinders, but the total fuel injection volume will be reduced, so that It will save some fuel. It can be seen from the load characteristics of gasoline engines that the fuel consumption rate of the engine will be high when the engine is working at a small load, but the fuel consumption rate will be reduced at medium and high loads. The effect is greater, and when the throttle opening is small, the ventilation of the cylinder is not good, the residual exhaust gas increases, and the combustion is not good, resulting in an increase in fuel consumption. As the energy crisis becomes more and more serious, the traffic becomes more and more congested, and the number of vehicles increases day by day, the probability of our cars working under partial load or medium load is increasing, which makes the variable displacement technology have room to play. When the engine is running on the road, the load is not constant. Sometimes it is necessary to stop the work of some cylinders, and sometimes it is necessary to work all the cylinders. The cylinders that stop working are still fed with air, and the air will take away the heat generated by the previous cylinders when they were all working, reducing the temperature in the cylinders, which not only causes additional heat loss to the engine, but also the alternating process of cold and heat will lead to the use of the engine Reduced lifespan. Furthermore, it will also lead to a decline in the conversion capability of the post-processing device. This is mainly because most of the current gasoline engine post-processing devices are three-way catalytic converters. This device has the best conversion efficiency when the excess air coefficient is 1. If it does not work If the cylinder continues to enter air, it will lead to more air in the exhaust gas, so that the excess air coefficient is much greater than 1, and the catalytic conversion efficiency of the post-processing device will decrease, resulting in worsening emissions.

Some high-end cars are equipped with a stop valve mechanism, which is a mechanism that can stop the valve movement while stopping the fuel injection, and keep the intake and exhaust valves in a closed state. This mechanism is not only complicated, but also requires high structural precision. Its movement is also more troublesome, requiring accuracy and speed. On the other hand, now most of the family cars are mostly four-cylinder engines, and there are almost no valve stop mechanisms that are really applied to small-displacement engines, and major automobile companies have not yet launched this type of engine. Even with such a mechanism, such an engine is relatively expensive, and the fuel savings may just offset the price of this mechanism. Therefore, it is necessary to provide consumers with products with low cost and high income.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a variable displacement engine capable of improving fuel saving efficiency.

The present invention is provided with an in-cylinder direct-injection engine 9, a three-way catalytic converter 5, an exhaust manifold 6, and a three-cylinder fuel injector 7 provided with one engine cylinder 1, two engine cylinders 2, three engine cylinders 3, and four engine cylinders 4. , four-cylinder fuel injector 8, exhaust gas return pipe I11, throttle valve connector III25 with throttle valve III12, electronic control unit 18 and throttle split air intake mechanism, of which the in-cylinder direct injection engine 9 is from left to On the right are engine one-cylinder 1, engine two-cylinder 2, engine three-cylinder 3 and engine four-cylinder 4, each cylinder is correspondingly provided with a section of intake pipe, and respectively through the first cylinder intake pipe port 19, the second cylinder intake pipe port 20, The three-cylinder intake pipe port 22 and the four-cylinder intake pipe port 24 are connected to the throttle valve split intake mechanism; the end outlet of the exhaust manifold 6 is connected to the three-way catalytic converter 5, and the side outlet of the exhaust manifold 6 is connected to the exhaust gas return pipe I11 The inlet is connected, the outlet of the exhaust gas return pipe I11 is connected to the exhaust gas return pipe II13 through the throttle connector III25 equipped with the throttle valve III12, and the exhaust gas return pipe II13 is connected to the four-cylinder intake pipe 10 of the throttle split air intake mechanism; the electronic control unit 18 is composed of a signal receiving module 28, a data processing module 29, and a control output module 30. The electronic control unit 18 is respectively connected with the throttle valve I16, throttle valve II14, throttle valve III12 and three valves fixed on the cylinder head of the direct injection engine 9. The cylinder injector 7 and the four-cylinder injector 8 are connected, and the electronic control unit 18 also receives the speed signal 31 and the torque signal 32 respectively.

The throttle split air intake mechanism is composed of a two-cylinder intake pipe 17, a throttle connector I21 with a throttle valve I16, a three-cylinder intake pipe 15, a throttle connector II23 with a throttle II14, exhaust gas return Pipe II13 and four-cylinder intake pipe 10, of which one and two cylinder intake pipes 17, throttle connector I21 with throttle valve I16 installed, three-cylinder intake pipe 15, throttle connector II23 with throttle valve II14 and four-cylinder The intake pipe 10 is connected in series; the first and second cylinder intake pipes 17 are provided with a cylinder intake pipe mouth 19, the second cylinder intake pipe mouth 20 and the intake manifold inlet 27; the three-cylinder intake pipe 15 is provided with a three-cylinder intake pipe mouth 22; The intake pipe 10 is provided with a four-cylinder intake pipe port 24 and an exhaust gas return pipe inlet 26 of the exhaust gas return pipe II13.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. After the displacement is changed, the present invention can ensure that the excess air coefficient is 1 when the engine is working, so that the three-way catalytic converter can work normally.

2. Compared with the original machine under the same working conditions, the present invention can improve the emission after the displacement is changed.

3. The present invention can maintain the internal temperature of the cylinder, avoiding the alternation of cold and heat inside the cylinder, which affects the service life of the engine.

4. The invention has low cost, and the fuel saving effect can greatly improve fuel consumption compared with simply stopping fuel injection without changing the intake air.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a variable displacement engine

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the throttle split air intake mechanism and the exhaust gas return pipe I, the throttle valve connector III with the throttle valve III installed, and the exhaust gas return pipe II

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of A--A in Figure 2

Figure 4 is a top view of the throttle split air intake mechanism

Figure 5 is the rear view of the throttle split air intake mechanism

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the electronic control unit and components

Among them: 1. Engine one cylinder 2. Engine two cylinders 3. Engine three cylinders 4. Engine four cylinders 5. Three-way catalytic converter 6. Exhaust manifold 7. Three-cylinder fuel injector 8. Four-cylinder fuel injector 9. In-cylinder direct injection engine 10. Four-cylinder intake pipe 11. Exhaust gas return pipe Ⅰ 12. Throttle valve Ⅲ 13. Exhaust gas return pipe Ⅱ 14. Throttle valve Ⅱ 15. Three-cylinder intake pipe 16. Throttle valve Ⅰ 17. First and second cylinder intake pipe 18. Electronic control Unit 19. Intake pipe port of the first cylinder 20. Intake pipe port of the second cylinder 21. Throttle valve connector I 22. Intake pipe port of the third cylinder 23. Throttle valve connector II 24. Intake pipe port of the four cylinders 25. Throttle valve connector III 26. Exhaust gas Return pipe inlet 27. Air intake main pipe inlet 28. Signal receiving module 29. Data processing module 30. Control output module 31. Speed signal 32. Torque signal

Detailed ways

The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Referring to Fig. 1, the circular parts in the figure are engine one cylinder 1, engine two cylinder 2, engine three cylinder 3, and engine four cylinder 4 from left to right. Each cylinder head is equipped with an electronically controlled fuel injector. Only list the three-cylinder fuel injector 7 and the four-cylinder fuel injector 8 that the present invention needs to use, the first and second cylinder intake pipes 17 are connected with the three-cylinder intake pipe 15 through the throttle connector I21, and the three-cylinder intake pipe 15 is connected through the joint The valve connecting piece II23 is connected with the intake pipe 10 of the four cylinders. Exhaust gas return pipe I11 connects the exhaust manifold 6 with the four-cylinder intake pipe 10 to realize the function of exhaust gas return. The first and second cylinder intake pipes 17 are connected to the first cylinder 1 and the engine through the first cylinder intake pipe port 19 and the second cylinder intake pipe port 20. The cylinder block of two cylinders 2 is affixed, and three-cylinder intake pipe 15 is affixed with the cylinder body of engine three-cylinder 3 through three-cylinder intake pipe mouth 22, and four-cylinder intake pipe 10 is connected with engine four-cylinder 4 through four-cylinder intake pipe mouth 24. The cylinder body is fixed.

The outlet at the end of the exhaust manifold 6 is connected to the three-way catalytic converter 5, the side outlet of the exhaust manifold 6 is connected to the inlet of the exhaust gas return pipe I11, and the exhaust gas return pipe I11 is connected to the exhaust gas return pipe II13 through the throttle connector III25, and the exhaust gas return pipe II13 and the four-cylinder intake pipe 10 are integral.

The in-cylinder direct-injection engine 9 in the present invention is a common in-cylinder direct-injection gasoline engine widely used at present, and does not have a mechanism for stopping valve movement. Throttle connector I21, throttle connector II23 and throttle connector III25 are high temperature resistant structures, throttle III12, throttle II14 and throttle I16 are high temperature resistant electronically controlled throttles or some feasible simple mechanisms. The three-way catalytic converter 5 is installed at the end outlet of the exhaust gas recirculation pipe exhaust main pipe 6, and is an exhaust gas post-treatment device specially applied to gasoline engines, and most of commercially available products can be applied. The electronic control unit 18 is a chip or an ECU that stores processing programs for controlling the operation of the three-cylinder fuel injector 7 and the four-cylinder fuel injector 8 and the opening and closing of the throttle valve III12, throttle valve II14 and throttle valve I16. These programs are based on Data generated from engine calibration experiments were prepared.

6 shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the electronic control unit and components, involving the connection relationship between the electronic control unit 18 and the three-cylinder fuel injector 7, the four-cylinder fuel injector 8, the throttle valve III12, the throttle valve II14, and the throttle valve I16. The electronic control unit 18 is composed of a signal receiving module 28 , a data processing module 29 and a control output module 30 . The signal receiving module 28 receives the speed signal and the torque signal, and the data processing module 29 is respectively connected to the signal receiving module 28 and the control output module 30. The control output module 30 is respectively connected to the throttle valve I16, the throttle valve II14, the throttle valve III12 and the The three-cylinder fuel injector 7 and the four-cylinder fuel injector 8 on the cylinder head of the internal direct injection engine 9 are connected, and the electronic control unit 18 also receives the speed signal 31 and the torque signal 32 respectively.

Wherein, the signal receiving module 28 includes an A/D conversion circuit, which converts the received speed signal 31 and torque signal 32 into a digital signal; the data processing module 29 converts the received digital signal into a digital signal. process, and then judge whether to stop the work of some cylinders, and determine which cylinders to stop, and at the same time, according to the working conditions of the cylinders, judge the opening and closing states of the throttle valve III12, the throttle valve II14, and the throttle valve I16; the control output module 30 controls the operation of the three-cylinder fuel injector 7 and the four-cylinder fuel injector 8 and the opening and closing states of the throttle valve III12, the throttle valve II14 and the throttle valve I16 according to the results of the data processing module 29.

Specifically, it includes the following three control methods:

1) When the load is heavy, the engine one cylinder 1, the engine two cylinder 2, the engine three cylinder 3 and the engine four cylinder 4 work, it is necessary to keep the throttle valve Ⅲ12 closed, and the throttle valve Ⅰ16 and throttle valve Ⅱ14 to be open, so that each The cylinder gets fresh air to maintain normal work.

2) When the load is medium, the four-cylinder 4 of the engine does not work, and the one-cylinder 1, the second-cylinder 2 and the three-cylinder 3 work. It is necessary to keep the throttle valve Ⅱ14 closed, and the throttle valve Ⅰ16 and throttle valve Ⅲ12 to be open, so that Exhaust gas enters the engine four-cylinder 4 that does not work, and fresh air enters the engine one-cylinder 1, the engine two-cylinder 2 and the engine three-cylinder 3.

3) When the load is small, the engine three-cylinder 3 and engine four-cylinder 4 are not working, and the engine one cylinder 1 and engine two cylinder 2 are working. It is necessary to keep the throttle valve Ⅰ16 closed, and the throttle valve Ⅱ14 and throttle valve Ⅲ12 to be open, so that Exhaust gas enters the engine three-cylinder 3 and the engine four-cylinder 4 that do not work, and fresh air enters the engine one cylinder 1 and the engine two cylinder 2.

Claims (2)

1. a variable-displacement engine, it is characterized in that by being provided with motor one cylinder (1), motor two cylinder (2), motor three cylinders (3), the in-cylinder direct fuel-injection engine (9) of motor four cylinders (4), triple effect catalytic converter (5), exhaust manifold (6), three cylinder injectors (7), four cylinder injectors (8), exhaust gas recirculation pipe I (11), be equipped with the closure link III (25) of closure III (12), ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (18) and closure partition type admission gear form, wherein on in-cylinder direct fuel-injection engine (9), be followed successively by from left to right motor one cylinder (1), motor two cylinder (2), motor three cylinders (3) and motor four cylinders (4), each cylinder is to there being one section of suction tude, and respectively through a cylinder air inlet mouth of pipe (19), the two cylinder air inlet mouth of pipe (20), the three cylinder air inlet mouths of pipe (22) are connected with closure partition type admission gear with the four cylinder air inlet mouths of pipe (24), the outlet of exhaust manifold (6) end is connected with triple effect catalytic converter (5), exhaust manifold (6) side exit is connected with exhaust gas recirculation pipe I (11) entrance, exhaust gas recirculation pipe I (11) outlet is connected with exhaust gas recirculation pipe II (13) through being equipped with the closure link III (25) of closure III (12), and exhaust gas recirculation pipe II (13) is connected with four cylinder suction tude (10) of closure partition type admission gear, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (18) is comprised of signal receiving module (28), data processing module (29), control output module (30), ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (18) is connected with closure I (16), closure II (14), closure III (12) and three cylinder injectors (7), four cylinder injectors (8) that are fixed in in-cylinder direct fuel-injection engine (9) cylinder head respectively, and ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (18) also receives respectively tach signal (31) and torque signal (32).

2. by variable-displacement engine claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described closure partition type admission gear is by a two cylinder suction tude (17), be equipped with the closure link I (21) of closure I (16), three cylinder suction tude (15), be equipped with the closure link II (23) of closure II (14), exhaust gas recirculation pipe II (13) and four cylinder suction tude (10) form, a two cylinder suction tude (17) wherein, be equipped with the closure link I (21) of closure I (16), three cylinder suction tude (15), the closure link II (23) and the four cylinder suction tude (10) that are equipped with closure II (14) are connected in series, one two cylinder suction tude (17) is provided with a cylinder air inlet mouth of pipe (19), the two cylinder air inlet mouth of pipe (20) and intake manifold's entrance (27), three cylinder suction tude (15) are provided with the three cylinder air inlet mouths of pipe (22), four cylinder suction tude (10) are provided with the exhaust gas recirculation tube inlet (26) of the four cylinder air inlet mouths of pipe (24) and exhaust gas recirculation pipe II (13).

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