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CN103609862A - Method for improving feeding nutritive value of sesame seed meal by combining enzymolysis method with fermentation method - Google Patents

Method for improving feeding nutritive value of sesame seed meal by combining enzymolysis method with fermentation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103609862A
CN103609862A CN201310604783.XA CN201310604783A CN103609862A CN 103609862 A CN103609862 A CN 103609862A CN 201310604783 A CN201310604783 A CN 201310604783A CN 103609862 A CN103609862 A CN 103609862A
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fermentation
sesame seed
seed meal
aspergillus niger
culture medium
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CN103609862B (en
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董书阁
侯文燕
董静静
侯文杰
段智岗
张志军
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Langfang Hongxin Feed Technology Co., Ltd.
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Qingdao Jiarui Biological Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a novel technology for improving feeding nutritive value of sesame seed meal employing an enzymolysis method and a fermentation method of microorganisms. The method is characterized in that fermented sesame seed meal products, which are high in protein content, rich in nutrient substances including polypeptide, small peptide, amino acid, an organic acid, probiotics and the like, low in content of anti-nutritional factors including phytic acid, tannin and the like and high in additional value are prepared by a technology of combining enzymolysis of exogenously added alkaline protease with two-step anaerobic fermentation of microorganisms. The content of crude protein in the fermented sesame seed meal products is greater than or equal to 50%; the acid-soluble protein content of the fermented sesame seed meal products is greater than or equal to 10%; the hydrolysis degree of the fermented sesame seed meal products is greater than or equal to 35%; the organic acid content of the fermented sesame seed meal products is greater than or equal to 5%; the phytic acid content of the fermented sesame seed meal products is smaller than or equal to 0.1%; the volatile basic nitrogen content of the fermented sesame seed meal products is smaller than or equal to 100 mg/100g; the utilization rate of the feed is increased; the cultivation cost is reduced. The fermented sesame seed meal is applied to an aquatic feed, so that the additive amount of the fermented sesame seed meal in the aquatic feed is increased, and the fermented sesame seed meal can partially replace fish meal, bean pulp and the like. In addition, solid static fermentation is adopted by the method, sterilization is not needed in the fermentation process, and the method is simple in production technology, low in production cost and broad in industrial production prospect.

Description

A kind of method of combining enzymatic isolation method and fermentation method raising sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new technology of utilizing enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to improve sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value, belong to field of feed processing.
Background technology
Protein raw material is the basis of feed industrial development, and the in short supply and price of China's protein raw material is surging have been become and develop animal husbandry and one of the bottleneck of aquatic products industry.Current raising and the attention to quality of life along with people's living standard, demand to meat, egg, milk, aquatic products is increasing, grain and Feed Manufacturing face a severe test, feed protein resource will be day by day deficient, therefore improve grain to the utilization rate of transformation efficiency and the feed of livestock products, expand feed resource, develop unconventional feed extremely urgent.And the Critical policies alleviating the problems is exactly for existing protein sources, improve its utilization rate, excavate as much as possible the nutritional labeling utilized of feed, fundamentally alleviate the situation that feedstuff is in short supply.
China is sesame production and consumption big country in the world, and sesame seed meal output is abundant, and China's sesame seed meal annual production is up to more than 30 ten thousand tons at present.Sesame cake meal nutritious, contain higher protein (content is up to more than 40%), amino acid combination is comprehensive, particularly several main essential amino acids, as very high in methionine, leucine, tryptophan, phenylalanine and arginine equal size, histidine and tryptophan be horn of plenty more.Sesame seed meal is mainly as animal feed at present, but because containing a large amount of phytic acid and tannin in sesame seed meal, value is very low, and Direct-fed affects the palatability of animal, reduce the absorptivity of mineral ion and the digestibility of feed, these have all limited the extensive use of sesame cake meal in livestock and poultry diet.
By being one of effective way improving sesame seed meal protein utilization rate with the high-quality polypeptide of various Enzymatic Extraction, also can be used as the enriching substance of the peanut protein, soybean protein and the other plant albumen that lack methionine, in order to improve their nutritive value.In recent years scientific research discovery, human intake's protein, after digestion, not mainly absorbs with amino acid form, but absorbs with the form of peptide.In addition, some peptides can not only provide people's bulk-growth, grow desired nutritional material, also have different physiological roles simultaneously.Production by Enzymes functional polypeptide application is at present comparatively general, and reports relatively seldom for the research of sesame seed meal polypeptide, has no the report of commercial application.
Reduce the problems such as the means of phytic acid content in sesame cake meal are a lot, and as thermophilic digestion, high pressure, solvent method, ultrafiltration etc., but these methods exist cost too high, and other nutritional labelings are destroyed.Therefore, people start to pay close attention to the biological method of mild condition, i.e. enzyme preparation method and microbe fermentation method.Enzyme preparation method is easy to use, effect is remarkable, action condition is gentle, but single kind enzyme is that effect is single; Yet microbe fermentation method utilizes growth of microorganism rapid, the features such as quantity is many, enzyme system complexity, simple to operate, remove ANFs successful, can also increase the beneficiating ingredients such as little peptide.The people such as Ramachandran use microorganism solid fermentation coconut grouts and sesame cake meal, and through condition optimizing, phytase output reaches 64U/g.The people such as Singh reach 282U/g (butt) with thermophilic spore mildew solid-state fermentation sesame cake meal, phytase vigor, can effectively reduce phytic acid content.Though more than study, phytic acid being removed and had certain effect, is all to utilize aerobic bacteria to carry out aerobic fermentation, and aerobic fermentation will consume a large number of nutrients production capacity compared with anaerobic fermentation, and mesostate is also lost by exhaustive oxidation simultaneously.The anaerobic fermentation that utilizes anaerobism or amphimicrobe to carry out, has relevant report at aspects such as dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, but has no biological fermentation process for the report of sesame seed meal phytic acid and tannin degraded.
For reducing tannin and phytic acid content in sesame seed meal, the macromolecular substances that animal is difficult to digest and assimilate is degraded to the soluble protein that is easy to digest and assimilate, polypeptide etc., improve the Forage Nutritive Value of sesame seed meal, the present invention be take sesame seed meal as raw material, the technique of utilizing enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to combine, phytic acid in degraded sesame seed meal, the nutrition digestions such as tannin absorb restriction factor, improve the forage nutritive quality of sesame seed meal, improve the value of sesame seed meal in China's feed kind industry, change the situation that China's forage protein raw material is day by day deficient, promote China's feed industry sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
Nutritious but contain a large amount of limiting nutrients hinder the problem of applying in feed industry for sesame seed meal, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new technology of utilizing enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to improve sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value, the nutrition digestions such as the phytic acid in degraded sesame seed meal, tannin absorb restriction factor, the macromolecular substances that animal is difficult to digest and assimilate is degraded to the soluble protein that is easy to digest and assimilate, polypeptide etc., thereby improves the Forage Nutritive Value of sesame seed meal.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
The invention provides a kind of new technology of utilizing enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to improve sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value, it is characterized in that: it is high that the technique that enzymolysis and the two-step microbial anaerobic fermentation by exogenous interpolation alkali protease combines is prepared protein content, be rich in the nutriments such as polypeptide, little peptide, amino acid, organic acid, probio, the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice product of the high added value that the ANFs content such as phytic acid, tannin are low.
The invention provides a kind of new technology of utilizing enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to improve sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value, the addition of above-mentioned exogenous interpolation alkali protease is 6~8% of sesame seed meal mass ratio.The protease of selecting is the alkali protease Alcalase(2.4AU/g that Denmark Novo company produces).
The invention provides a kind of new technology of utilizing enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to improve sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value, two above-mentioned step anaerobic fermentations is characterized in that, first adopt aspergillus niger solid fermentation sesame seed meal, wherein the inoculative proportion of aspergillus niger is 5~8%, inoculating lactic acid bacterium and bacillus subtilis after fermentation ends, wherein bacillus subtilis inoculative proportion 2~3%, lactobacillus inoculum ratio 3~5%.
Above-mentioned aspergillus niger is purchased from the feeding aspergillus niger strain in Kang Yuan bio tech ltd, Yiyuan; Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria are feeding Bacillus subtilis strain and the lactic acid bacteria culturers purchased from the azure biological Group Co.,Ltd in Shandong.
The consisting of of fermentation of Aspergillus niger culture medium in two step solid fermentations described above: sesame seed meal 93~97%, molasses 2~4%, NH 4cl 1.0%, KH 2pO4.3H 2o 0.5%, MgSO 4.7H 2o 0.5%; Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria composite fermentation culture medium are that fermentation of Aspergillus niger finishes to add 1~2% molasses, 0.1~0.5% acetic acid on the basis of rear culture medium.
The invention provides a kind of new technology of utilizing enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to improve sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) pulverize: sesame seed meal is pulverized, crossed 40~60 mesh sieves;
(2) batching: according to sesame seed meal 93~97%, molasses 2~4%, NH 4cl 1.0%, KH 2pO4.3H 2o 0.5%, MgSO 4.7H 2the ratio of O 0.5% takes material, mixes, and adjusts material moisture 15~20%;
(3) enzyme-added: according to the exogenous interpolation alkali protease of the ratio of sesame seed meal mass ratio 6~8%;
(4) aspergillus niger activation: activate aspergillus niger according to the ratio of 1:30~50 in Czapek's medium;
(5) inoculation: the inoculative proportion according to 5~8% is seeded to fermentation medium by aspergillus niger;
(6) mix: the fermentation medium after access aspergillus niger and protease is mixed;
(7) solid fermentation: culture medium is moved into fermentation vat temperature controlled fermentation 32h~48h, and fermentation temperature is controlled at 35~38 ℃;
(8) two-step fermentation culture medium: the culture medium after finishing to fermentation of Aspergillus niger adds 1~2% molasses, 0.1~0.5% acetic acid;
(9) actication of culture: mix by 1:30~50 weight ratio with 30~35 ℃ of warm water with bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, stir until bacterial classification is dissolved in the water completely, activate 20~30min;
(10) inoculation: inoculative proportion inoculation bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria by bacillus subtilis 2~3%, lactic acid bacteria 3~5%, mix;
(11) two-step fermentation: culture medium is moved into fermentation vat, temperature controlled fermentation 48~72h, fermentation temperature is controlled at 28~32 ℃;
(12) low temperature drying: after fermentation ends, low temperature drying material is to moisture 10~12%;
(13) pulverize: after fermentation ends, the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice are pulverized, crossed 60 mesh sieves, make the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice.
Above-mentioned two-step fermentation is prepared in the production technology of the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice, and fermentation materials is without sterilizing.
Above-mentioned two-step fermentation is prepared in the production technology of the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice, when fermentation raw material temperature rises in step (7) and step (11), can consider to pass into filtration cold wind controlled fermentation temperature.
The invention provides a kind of new technology of utilizing enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to improve sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value, neutral proteinase >=600U/g in gained fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice product, alkali protease >=1600U/g, cellulase >=880U/g, pectase >=800U/g, zytase >=2000U/g, alpha-galactosidase >=1200U/g; Crude protein content >=50%, sour molten protein content >=10%, degree of hydrolysis >=35%, organic acid content >=5%, phytic acid content≤0.1%, TVB-N content≤100mg/100g.
The invention provides a kind of new technology of utilizing enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to improve sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value, by alkali protease enzymolysis and microorganism fermentation, in fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice product, be rich in multiple digestive ferment and probio, and most of antigen protein in the sesame seed meal of having degraded, compound sugar, the ANFs such as phytic acid and tannin, improved particularly content of peptides of product coarse protein content, improved the Forage Nutritive Value of sesame seed meal, and give a certain amount of organic acid and flavour, be applied to and in feed, well solved nutrition digestion malabsorption in livestock and poultry cultivation and aquaculture, the problems such as body resistance against diseases is weak, improved efficiency of feed utilization, reduced aquaculture cost, can reduce loss and the loss bringing because of disease simultaneously, the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice prepared by the present invention are simultaneously applied in aquatic feeds, improved the addition of the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice in aquatic feeds, can part Peru Fish Dietary, the application of dregs of beans etc., be conducive to alleviate the contradiction between the fish meal demand of the day by day exhausted increase day by day with bringing because of aquaculture feed industry fast development of the resources such as the current fish meal of China, promote the sustainable development of aquaculture feed industry and culture fishery, be conducive to protect breeding environment and ecological environment.
The specific embodiment
embodiment 1:
Utilize enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to improve a new technology for sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value, concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1) pulverize: sesame seed meal is pulverized, crossed 40~60 mesh sieves;
(2) batching: according to sesame seed meal 96%, molasses 2%, NH 4cl 1.0%, KH 2pO4.3H 2o 0.5%, MgSO 4.7H 2the ratio of O 0.5% takes material, mixes, and adjusts material moisture 15~20%;
(3) enzyme-added: according to the exogenous interpolation alkali protease of the ratio of sesame seed meal mass ratio 6%;
(4) aspergillus niger activation: activate aspergillus niger according to the ratio of 1:30 in Czapek's medium;
(5) inoculation: the inoculative proportion according to 5% is seeded to fermentation medium by aspergillus niger;
(6) mix: the fermentation medium after access aspergillus niger and protease is mixed;
(7) solid fermentation: culture medium is moved into fermentation vat temperature controlled fermentation 48h, and fermentation temperature is controlled at 35~38 ℃;
(8) two-step fermentation culture medium: the culture medium after finishing to fermentation of Aspergillus niger adds 1% molasses, 0.1% acetic acid;
(9) actication of culture: mix by 1:30~50 weight ratio with 30~35 ℃ of warm water with bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, stir until bacterial classification is dissolved in the water completely, activate 20~30min;
(10) inoculation: inoculative proportion inoculation bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria by bacillus subtilis 2%, lactic acid bacteria 3%, mix;
(11) two-step fermentation: culture medium is moved into fermentation vat, temperature controlled fermentation 72h, fermentation temperature is controlled at 28~32 ℃;
(12) low temperature drying: after fermentation ends, low temperature drying material is to moisture 10~12%;
(13) pulverize: after fermentation ends, the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice are pulverized, crossed 60 mesh sieves, make the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice.
embodiment 2:
Utilize enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to improve a new technology for sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value, concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1) pulverize: sesame seed meal is pulverized, crossed 40~60 mesh sieves;
(2) batching: according to sesame seed meal 95%, molasses 3%, NH 4cl 1.0%, KH 2pO4.3H 2o 0.5%, MgSO 4.7H 2the ratio of O 0.5% takes material, mixes, and adjusts material moisture 15~20%;
(3) enzyme-added: according to the exogenous interpolation alkali protease of the ratio of sesame seed meal mass ratio 7%;
(4) aspergillus niger activation: activate aspergillus niger according to the ratio of 1:40 in Czapek's medium;
(5) inoculation: the inoculative proportion according to 6% is seeded to fermentation medium by aspergillus niger;
(6) mix: the fermentation medium after access aspergillus niger and protease is mixed;
(7) solid fermentation: culture medium is moved into fermentation vat temperature controlled fermentation 42h, and fermentation temperature is controlled at 35~38 ℃;
(8) two-step fermentation culture medium: the culture medium after finishing to fermentation of Aspergillus niger adds 1.5% molasses, 0.3% acetic acid;
(9) actication of culture: mix by 1:40 weight ratio with 30~35 ℃ of warm water with bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, stir until bacterial classification is dissolved in the water completely, activate 20~30min;
(10) inoculation: inoculative proportion inoculation bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria by bacillus subtilis 2.5%, lactic acid bacteria 4%, mix;
(11) two-step fermentation: culture medium is moved into fermentation vat, temperature controlled fermentation 60h, fermentation temperature is controlled at 28~32 ℃;
(12) low temperature drying: after fermentation ends, low temperature drying material is to moisture 10~12%;
(13) pulverize: after fermentation ends, the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice are pulverized, crossed 60 mesh sieves, make the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice.
embodiment 3:
Utilize enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to improve a new technology for sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value, concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1) pulverize: sesame seed meal is pulverized, crossed 40~60 mesh sieves;
(2) batching: according to sesame seed meal 94%, molasses 4%, NH 4cl 1.0%, KH 2pO4.3H 2o 0.5%, MgSO 4.7H 2the ratio of O 0.5% takes material, mixes, and adjusts material moisture and exists;
(3) enzyme-added: according to the exogenous interpolation alkali protease of the ratio of sesame seed meal mass ratio 8%;
(4) aspergillus niger activation: activate aspergillus niger according to the ratio of 1:50 in Czapek's medium;
(5) inoculation: the inoculative proportion according to 8% is seeded to fermentation medium by aspergillus niger;
(6) mix: the fermentation medium after access aspergillus niger and protease is mixed;
(7) solid fermentation: culture medium is moved into fermentation vat temperature controlled fermentation 32h, and fermentation temperature is controlled at 35~38 ℃;
(8) two-step fermentation culture medium: the culture medium after finishing to fermentation of Aspergillus niger adds 2% molasses, 0.5% acetic acid;
(9) actication of culture: mix by 1:50 weight ratio with 30~35 ℃ of warm water with bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, stir until bacterial classification is dissolved in the water completely, activate 20~30min;
(10) inoculation: inoculative proportion inoculation bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria by bacillus subtilis 3%, lactic acid bacteria 5%, mix;
(11) two-step fermentation: culture medium is moved into fermentation vat, temperature controlled fermentation 48h, fermentation temperature is controlled at 28~32 ℃;
(12) low temperature drying: after fermentation ends, low temperature drying material is to moisture 10~12%;
(13) pulverize: after fermentation ends, the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice are pulverized, crossed 60 mesh sieves, make the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice.
Above embodiment is only for technical scheme of the present invention is described, but not is limited; Although with reference to previous embodiment, to being had been described in detail by invention, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, the technical scheme that still can record previous embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement; And to these modifications or replacement, do not make the spirit and scope of essence disengaging the present invention technical scheme required for protection of appropriate technical solution.

Claims (4)

1. a technique of utilizing enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to improve sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value, it is characterized in that: it is high that the technique that enzymolysis and the two-step microbial anaerobic fermentation by exogenous interpolation alkali protease combines is prepared protein content, be rich in the nutriments such as polypeptide, little peptide, amino acid, organic acid, probio, the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice product of the high added value that the ANFs content such as phytic acid, tannin are low.
2. two step anaerobic fermentations according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, first adopt aspergillus niger solid fermentation sesame seed meal, wherein the inoculative proportion of aspergillus niger is 5~8%, inoculating lactic acid bacterium and bacillus subtilis after fermentation ends, wherein bacillus subtilis inoculative proportion 2~3%, lactobacillus inoculum ratio 3~5%.
3. consisting of of fermentation of Aspergillus niger culture medium according to claim 2: sesame seed meal 93~97%, molasses 2~4%, NH 4cl 1.0%, KH 2pO4.3H 2o 0.5%, MgSO 4.7H 2o 0.5%; Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria composite fermentation culture medium are that fermentation of Aspergillus niger finishes to add 1~2% molasses, 0.1~0.5% acetic acid on the basis of rear culture medium.
4. a kind of new technology of utilizing enzymatic isolation method and microbe fermentation method to improve sesame seed meal Forage Nutritive Value according to claim 1, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) pulverize: sesame seed meal is pulverized, crossed 40~60 mesh sieves;
(2) batching: according to sesame seed meal 93~97%, molasses 2~4%, NH 4cl 1.0%, KH 2pO4.3H 2o 0.5%, MgSO 4.7H 2the ratio of O 0.5% takes material, mixes, and adjusts material moisture 15~20%;
(3) enzyme-added: according to the exogenous interpolation alkali protease of the ratio of sesame seed meal mass ratio 6~8%;
(4) aspergillus niger activation: activate aspergillus niger according to the ratio of 1:30~50 in Czapek's medium;
(5) inoculation: the inoculative proportion according to 5~8% is seeded to fermentation medium by aspergillus niger;
(6) mix: the fermentation medium after access aspergillus niger and protease is mixed;
(7) solid fermentation: culture medium is moved into fermentation vat temperature controlled fermentation 32h~48h, and fermentation temperature is controlled at 35~38 ℃;
(8) two-step fermentation culture medium: the culture medium after finishing to fermentation of Aspergillus niger adds 1~2% molasses, 0.1~0.5% acetic acid;
(9) actication of culture: mix by 1:30~50 weight ratio with 30~35 ℃ of warm water with bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, stir until bacterial classification is dissolved in the water completely, activate 20~30min;
(10) inoculation: inoculative proportion inoculation bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria by bacillus subtilis 2~3%, lactic acid bacteria 3~5%, mix;
(11) two-step fermentation: culture medium is moved into fermentation vat, temperature controlled fermentation 48~72h, fermentation temperature is controlled at 28~32 ℃;
(12) low temperature drying: after fermentation ends, low temperature drying material is to moisture 10~12%;
(13) pulverize: after fermentation ends, the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice are pulverized, crossed 60 mesh sieves, make the fermented Semen Sesami dregs of rice.
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CN109549197A (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-04-02 济南瑞丰生物工程有限公司 A kind of enzymatic is total to the preparation method of ferment spy doctor's food with microorganism
CN110200131A (en) * 2019-07-01 2019-09-06 博益德(北京)生物科技有限公司 A kind of single enzymatic hydrolysis mixed fermentation prepares the method and application of functional fiber feed
CN111357867A (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-07-03 南京致润生物科技有限公司 Fermentation method for improving water-soluble protein of protein feed and fermented mixed feed
CN114403285A (en) * 2021-12-29 2022-04-29 宜昌安琪生物农业科技有限公司 Feed fermented peanut meal capable of improving protein digestibility, fermentation microbial inoculum and preparation method and application
CN116158487A (en) * 2023-02-21 2023-05-26 福建天马饲料有限公司 Preparation method of fermentation raw material and application of fermentation raw material in eel feed
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CN116158487A (en) * 2023-02-21 2023-05-26 福建天马饲料有限公司 Preparation method of fermentation raw material and application of fermentation raw material in eel feed

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