CN103598052A - Production method for delaying cherry mature period and increasing production - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a production method for delaying cherry mature period and increasing production. The production method is specifically characterized by including technical processes of garden building, field planting, shaping and trimming, soil, fertilizer and water management, flower and fruit protection and the like. By the production method, the problems that quality guarantee time for the cherries is short, production is low and economic effectiveness is affected due to the fact that cherries are cultivated by depending on weather during cultivation in the prior art are solved, and by means of the scientific management method for delaying the cherry mature period and increasing the production, the production method is applicable to cultivation of various cherries.

Description

A kind of production method of postponing the cherry maturing stage, improving output

Technical field

The present invention relates to the production field of fruit, specifically a kind of cherry Cultivate administration technology.

Background technology

, in the growing and cultivation process of cherry, be at present all to rely on weather to carry out cultivating and growing, cherry guarantee the quality the time short, yield poorly, affect economic benefit.

Summary of the invention

The present invention, for solving in the growing and cultivation process of cherry, is to rely on weather to carry out the problem of cultivating and growing, and a kind of method that adopts the Cultivate administration method of science to postpone the cherry maturing stage, improves output is provided.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes is, a kind of production method of postponing the cherry maturing stage, improving output, and its special character comprises the technical process such as ，Jian garden, field planting, pruning, clay fertilizer water management, flower and fruit protecting:

Build garden:

Cherry is to the following principle of the comparatively strict ，Jian of requirement for environmental conditions garden GPRS:

(1) select that soil layer is deep, good permeability, the strong sandy loam cultivation of water holding capacity, garden can not be built in saline land;

(2) in free of frost area,, there is being frost area optional Nan Po or flat site, selects temperature rising in spring north slope or Northwest Slope slow, circulation of air to build garden;

(3) cherry is afraid of waterlogging, sets up draining water adding system during Pa Han，Jian garden;

(4) cherry root system is shallow, is subject to very much wind-fall volt, and first-selection selects leeward slope to build garden, and garden is built on level land should build shelter forest in surrounding.

Field planting:

Cherry self-pollination ripening rate is high, do not configure pollinated variety, the most kind self-flowering fruiting of sweet cherry ability is low, must configure pollinated variety, pollinated variety accounts for 20%～30%, plants in mountain region, main breed and pollinated variety companion planting, between every 3～4 row main breeds of Flat Ground Orchard, plant a line pollinated variety, sweet cherry planting density is advisable with 5～7 meters of 4～6 meters of spacing in the rows, line-spacing, and cherry planting density is that 3～6 meters of 2～5 meters of spacing in the rows, line-spacing are advisable;

Pruning:

The shaping of cherry tree should be grasped 4～5 years and complete shaping, and 7～8 years indivedual adjustment are saved tree body from damage as far as possible, cause less large wound, tree-like should grasp flexibly according to weather soil condition, planting density, sweet cherry treelet is pruned should be light, suitable many cutting backs are to increase branches and leaves amount, maximum 3 years of the cutting back time limit is taked slow method of putting, after entering the just fruit phase later, cultivate each fruit-bearing shoot cluster, during the early spring, carry out fruit-tree girdling one time, this is crucial, about 7 days deferrable fructescences;

Clay fertilizer water management:

The treelet phase need be expanded cave and be ploughed deeply, pour water and rain after intertill and loosen the soil, after field planting, at butt, earth up 30 centimetres, so that set body, property is strong admittedly, anti-morning, soil moisture conservation was good, annual pouring Hua Qianshui, fruit promoting water, adopt rear water and freeze-up water, spend front injection flow rate suitable little, Xie Huahou wants diligent to pouring water before fruit maturation, it is large that amount is wanted, in 10～30 cm layer of soil, soil relative water content can not be lower than 60%, cherry is before entering the winter, before and after florescence and application in time after gathering, between 9～October, autumn basal dressing be take fertilizer as main, 30～60 kilograms of night soils or pigsty excrement 120 kg are executed in the every strain of treelet phase, the large tree of result is executed 60～90 kilograms of night soils with every strain, flowering fruit bearing stage is used quick action fertilizer, root outer spraying 0.3% urea 1～2 time, to improve flower fruit-setting rate, after fruit harvesting, 60～70 kilograms of decomposed manures are executed in every strain,

Flower and fruit protecting:

Protect flower and adopt artificial supplementary pollination and utilize Insect Pollination pollination, to promote floral organ to build completely, bloom normal, fruit retention sprays plant hormone and foliage fertilizer, to improve the fruit-setting rate of healthy and strong fruit.

Technique effect

Technique effect of the present invention is, adopts above-mentioned technical scheme, can postpone about 7 days cherry fruit maturing stages, increases production 20% left and right, increases economic efficiency.

Embodiment

This production method comprises ，Jian garden, field planting, pruning, clay fertilizer water management, flower and fruit protecting:

Build garden:

Build the following principle of garden GPRS:

(1) select that soil layer is deep, good permeability, the strong sandy loam cultivation of water holding capacity, garden can not be built in saline land;

(2) in free of frost area,, there is being frost area optional Nan Po or flat site, selects temperature rising in spring north slope or Northwest Slope slow, circulation of air to build garden;

(3) cherry is afraid of waterlogging, sets up draining water adding system during Pa Han，Jian garden;

(4) cherry root system is shallow, is subject to very much wind-fall volt, and first-selection selects leeward slope to build garden, and garden is built on level land should build shelter forest in surrounding.

Field planting:

Cherry self-pollination ripening rate is high, do not configure pollinated variety, the most kind self-flowering fruiting of sweet cherry ability is low, must configure pollinated variety, pollinated variety accounts for 20%～30%, plants in mountain region, main breed and pollinated variety companion planting, between every 3～4 row main breeds of Flat Ground Orchard, plant a line pollinated variety, sweet cherry planting density is advisable with 5～7 meters of 4～6 meters of spacing in the rows, line-spacing, and cherry planting density is that 3～6 meters of 2～5 meters of spacing in the rows, line-spacing are advisable;

Pruning:

The shaping of cherry tree should be grasped 4～5 years and complete shaping, and 7～8 years indivedual adjustment are saved tree body from damage as far as possible, cause less large wound, tree-like should grasp flexibly according to weather soil condition, planting density, sweet cherry treelet is pruned should be light, suitable many cutting backs are to increase branches and leaves amount, maximum 3 years of the cutting back time limit is taked slow method of putting, after entering the just fruit phase later, cultivate each fruit-bearing shoot cluster, during the early spring, carry out fruit-tree girdling one time, this is crucial, about 7 days deferrable fructescences;

Clay fertilizer water management:

The treelet phase need be expanded cave and be ploughed deeply, pour water and rain after intertill and loosen the soil, after field planting, at butt, earth up 30 centimetres, so that set body, property is strong admittedly, anti-morning, soil moisture conservation was good, annual pouring Hua Qianshui, fruit promoting water, adopt rear water and freeze-up water, spend front injection flow rate suitable little, Xie Huahou wants diligent to pouring water before fruit maturation, it is large that amount is wanted, in 10～30 cm layer of soil, soil relative water content can not be lower than 60%, cherry is before entering the winter, before and after florescence and application in time after gathering, between 9～October, autumn basal dressing be take fertilizer as main, 30～60 kilograms of night soils or pigsty excrement 120 kg are executed in the every strain of treelet phase, the large tree of result is executed 60～90 kilograms of night soils with every strain, flowering fruit bearing stage is used quick action fertilizer, root outer spraying 0.3% urea 1～2 time, to improve flower fruit-setting rate, after fruit harvesting, 60～70 kilograms of decomposed manures are executed in every strain,

Flower and fruit protecting:

Protect flower and adopt artificial supplementary pollination and utilize Insect Pollination pollination, to promote floral organ to build completely, bloom normal, fruit retention sprays plant hormone and foliage fertilizer, to improve the fruit-setting rate of healthy and strong fruit.

Claims (1)

1. a production method of postponing cherry maturing stage, raising output, is characterized in that comprising following technical process:

Build garden:

Cherry is to the following principle of the comparatively strict ，Jian of requirement for environmental conditions garden GPRS:

(1) select that soil layer is deep, good permeability, the strong sandy loam cultivation of water holding capacity, garden can not be built in saline land;

(2) in free of frost area,, there is being frost area optional Nan Po or flat site, selects temperature rising in spring north slope or Northwest Slope slow, circulation of air to build garden;

(3) cherry is afraid of waterlogging, sets up draining water adding system during Pa Han，Jian garden;

(4) cherry root system is shallow, is subject to very much wind-fall volt, and first-selection selects leeward slope to build garden, and garden is built on level land should build shelter forest in surrounding;

Field planting:

Cherry self-pollination ripening rate is high, do not configure pollinated variety, the most kind self-flowering fruiting of sweet cherry ability is low, must configure pollinated variety, pollinated variety accounts for 20%～30%, plants in mountain region, main breed and pollinated variety companion planting, between every 3～4 row main breeds of Flat Ground Orchard, plant a line pollinated variety, sweet cherry planting density is advisable with 5～7 meters of 4～6 meters of spacing in the rows, line-spacing, and cherry planting density is that 3～6 meters of 2～5 meters of spacing in the rows, line-spacing are advisable;

Pruning:

The shaping of cherry tree should be grasped 4～5 years and complete shaping, 7～8 years indivedual adjustment are saved tree body from damage as far as possible, cause less large wound, tree-like should grasp flexibly according to weather soil condition, planting density, sweet cherry treelet is pruned should be light, and suitable many cutting backs are to increase branches and leaves amount, maximum 3 years of the cutting back time limit, take slow method of putting later, after entering the just fruit phase, cultivate each fruit-bearing shoot cluster, during the early spring, carry out fruit-tree girdling one time;

Clay fertilizer water management:

The treelet phase need be expanded cave and be ploughed deeply, pour water and rain after intertill and loosen the soil, after field planting, at butt, earth up 30 centimetres, so that set body, property is strong admittedly, anti-morning, soil moisture conservation was good, annual pouring Hua Qianshui, fruit promoting water, adopt rear water and freeze-up water, spend front injection flow rate suitable little, Xie Huahou wants diligent to pouring water before fruit maturation, it is large that amount is wanted, in 10～30 cm layer of soil, soil relative water content can not be lower than 60%, cherry is before entering the winter, before and after florescence and application in time after gathering, between 9～October, autumn basal dressing be take fertilizer as main, 30～60 kilograms of night soils or pigsty excrement 120 kg are executed in the every strain of treelet phase, the large tree of result is executed 60～90 kilograms of night soils with every strain, flowering fruit bearing stage is used quick action fertilizer, root outer spraying 0.3% urea 1～2 time, to improve flower fruit-setting rate, after fruit harvesting, 60～70 kilograms of decomposed manures are executed in every strain,

Flower and fruit protecting:

Protect flower and adopt artificial supplementary pollination and utilize Insect Pollination pollination, to promote floral organ to build completely, bloom normal, fruit retention sprays plant hormone and foliage fertilizer, to improve the fruit-setting rate of healthy and strong fruit.