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CN103579389B - A kind of solar module and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of solar module and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103579389B
CN103579389B CN201210265682.XA CN201210265682A CN103579389B CN 103579389 B CN103579389 B CN 103579389B CN 201210265682 A CN201210265682 A CN 201210265682A CN 103579389 B CN103579389 B CN 103579389B
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China
Prior art keywords
adhesive layer
refractive index
hot melt
solar module
melt adhesive
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CN201210265682.XA
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CN103579389A (en
Inventor
宋宇
许静
伍伯林
黄江
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/10—Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B32B2037/1215—Hot-melt adhesive
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of solar module and preparation method thereof, this solar module includes hot melt adhesive layer/some solar battery sheet/adhesive layer/backboards of the printing opacity upper cover plate/adhesive layer/refractive index 1.6 1.7 stacked gradually, the polyurethane film that hot melt adhesive layer is refractive index 1.6 1.7 of described refractive index 1.6 1.7 and/or the modified polyorganosiloxane film of refractive index 1.6 1.7.The anti-reflective effect on solar battery sheet surface is good, and the electricity conversion of solar module is high, and solar battery sheet need not carry out the process of complexity, and hot melt adhesive layer is on solar battery sheet without impact simultaneously, and technique the most easily realizes, and thickness is easy to control.And the hot melt adhesive layer of the present invention is organic membrane, having good flexibility, the compatibility in solar module is good, also has certain cohesive force simultaneously, has the characteristics such as light transmittance is high, heat-resisting, cold-resistant, moisture-proof, ageing-resistant, mechanical strength is high.

Description

A kind of solar module and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar module and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the increasingly sharpening of day by day exhausted, problem of environmental pollution of traditional energy, the development and application of new forms of energy is Through becoming the focus of human research.Solar energy inexhaustible, green non-pollution is the weight that new energy development utilizes One of point.
Owing to the refractive index of silicon is 3.8, and the refractive index of air is 1.0, smooth silicon face to the reflectance of light up to To about 30%, cause solar battery sheet relatively low to the absorption of light, therefore to the photoelectricity improving crystal silicon solar energy battery turns Change efficiency, it usually needs reduce the luminous reflectance of silicon chip front surface, also need to be passivated surface of crystalline silicon processing, with fall simultaneously Low surface defect is for the compound action of minority carrier.Prior art has research to use the texturing on surface to reduce a part Reflection, generally by corrosion treatmentCorrosion Science, increases the roughness of silicon chip surface, but the reduction of reflectance inconspicuous, particularly For polysilicon, using anisotropic acid system making herbs into wool, the black line of generation is easily destroyed PN junction, makes the electric leakage of solar battery sheet Stream increases.What prior art commonly used is to cover, at silicon chip surface, the light transmission medium film that one layer of refractive index is moderate, thus reduces Silicon chip surface reflects.One layer of silicon nitride film is prepared in being usually after removing removing oxide layer of existing technology, is a kind of excellent subtracting Reflectance coating.Owing to silicon face has substantial amounts of dangling bonds, the nonequilibrium carrier for N type launch site has the strongest capture Compound action, so that the short circuit current of cell piece and open-circuit voltage reduce.And hydrogeneous SiNx:H film has for silicon face Passivation, decreases the undersaturated dangling bonds in surface, decreases surface energy level, be typically prepared one layer, the refraction of silicon nitride film Rate is 1.9-2.1.Existing also have research to prepare, at silicon chip surface, the silicon nitride film antireflective coating that two-layer refractive index is different, such as, have The surface being disclosed in solar battery sheet has the thick 155-65nm ground floor silicon nitride film and refractive index that refractive index is 2.3-2.6 Second layer silicon nitride film for the thick 85-110nm of 1.4-1.7；It is also disclosed employing multilamellar (such as seven layers) thickness difference, refraction The multi-layer nano thin-film material superposition that rate changes in gradient, to prepare antireflective coating, is rolled over by the antireflective coating of contact silicon chip surface Rate of penetrating is high, and the refractive index of the antireflective coating of solar battery sheet outer layer is little, reduces the silicon chip reflection to light further, increases light Absorbance.But its for essentially modification to silicon chip, and silicon chip is the core component of solaode, it is desirable to high, table Face modified technique is complicated, and other performances of solar battery sheet also can be existed impact, and film requires height, and preparation is difficult, and this A little antireflective coatings are all inorganic material, and the low machinability of pliability is low, also increases difficulty prepared by follow-up solar module Degree, the anti-reflective effect of the most existing silicon chip surface does not reaches ideal effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve that the antireflective on the solar battery sheet surface in the solar module of prior art is imitated The most undesirable and other performances of solar battery sheet are impacted, the technical problem of complex process, it is provided that a kind of solar energy The anti-reflective effect on cell piece surface is good, and the absorption efficiency of light is high, solar module that electricity conversion is high and system thereof Preparation Method.
First purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of solar module, and this solar module includes layer successively Hot melt adhesive layer/some solar battery sheet/adhesive layer/back ofs the body of folded printing opacity upper cover plate/adhesive layer/refractive index 1.6-1.7 Plate, the hot melt adhesive layer of described refractive index 1.6-1.7 is the polyurethane film of refractive index 1.6-1.7, and/or refractive index 1.6-1.7 Modified polyorganosiloxane film.
Second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned solar module, and step includes: by printing opacity The hot melt adhesive layer of upper cover plate/adhesive layer/refractive index 1.6-1.7/some solar battery sheets/adhesive layer/backboard layer successively Folded, after the most hot-forming the solar module.
The present inventor has been surprisingly found that subtracting of the solar battery sheet surface in the solar module of the present invention Reflecting effect is significantly improved, and improves the utilization rate of light, improves the electricity conversion of battery.The present invention is the most sharp Form composite film with composite hot melt glue-line on solar battery sheet surface, reflectance can be made minimum near centre wavelength, So that the effective luminous flux entering silicon chip is maximum, improve the efficiency of battery.The film layer on solar battery sheet surface is from top to bottom It is followed successively by hot melt adhesive layer/solar battery sheet (common process surface system of printing opacity upper cover plate/adhesive layer/refractive index 1.6-1.7 Have silicon nitride film), refractive index increases successively and advantageously reduces light line reflection.The present invention by compound special refractive index is The hot melt adhesive layer of 1.6-1.7, thus form adhesive layer/refractive index 1.6-1.7 being followed successively by refractive index 1.4-1.5 from top to bottom The surfaces nitrided silicon layer of solar battery sheet of hot melt adhesive layer/refractive index 1.9-2.1, define from EVA-polyurethane-carborundum The refractive index of material increases successively, is also formed with effect ground refractive index match, and the effective luminous flux making entrance solaode is maximum, Improve the efficiency of solaode, and solar battery sheet need not be carried out the process of complexity.Simultaneously because hot melt adhesive layer is not required to Will prepare at silicon chip surface, after film forming can be manufactured separately, laying forms solar components, the therefore preparation process of hot melt adhesive layer Solar battery sheet impact will not be produced, during lamination, laying the surface of solar battery sheet can be compounded in together with EVA layer, Technique the most easily realizes.And the hot melt adhesive layer of the present invention is organic membrane, there is good flexibility, can be with solar battery sheet Combine very well with adhesive layer, in the lamination process of solar module, can be one-body molded with adhesive layer, do not result in Bubble, impurity etc., film surface is smooth, and the compatibility in solar module is good, also have simultaneously certain cohesive force, There is the characteristics such as light transmittance is high, heat-resisting, cold-resistant, moisture-proof, ageing-resistant, mechanical strength is high, can obtain in solar module Well application.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer, below in conjunction with Embodiment, is further elaborated to the present invention.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain The present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of solar module, this solar module includes the printing opacity upper cover stacked gradually The hot melt adhesive layer of plate/adhesive layer/refractive index 1.6-1.7/some solar battery sheet/adhesive layer/backboards, described refractive index The hot melt adhesive layer of 1.6-1.7 is polyurethane film and/or the modified polyorganosiloxane film of refractive index 1.6-1.7 of refractive index 1.6-1.7. Wherein, the anti-reflective effect on solar battery sheet surface is good, and the absorption efficiency of light is high, the photoelectric conversion effect of solar module Rate is high.
Preferably, the thickness of the hot melt adhesive layer of refractive index 1.6-1.7 is 20-300nm, more preferably 80-250nm, relatively It is 200nm in the case of good.The center frequency-band of need light to be processed can be adjusted, so that anti-reflective effect is by regulation thickness Good.
Preferably, the hot melt adhesive layer of refractive index 1.6-1.7 is the polyurethane film of refractive index 1.6-1.7, in solar battery group Can laying hot pressing together with EVA layer in part, it is preferable that the polyurethane film of refractive index 1.6-1.7 is by by PEPA, isocyanide Acid esters, light stabilizer and heat stabilizer react to obtain polyurethane solutions in a solvent, and rear film forming obtains polyurethane film, described isocyanates In toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), isophorone diisocyanate or the hydrogenation of benzene dimethylene diisocyanate of hydrogenation one Kind.Wherein, prepare polyurethane film ageing-resistant, that refractive index is unique by the isocyanates without phenyl ring, be applied to the present invention's In solar module, optimize light transmittance the most further, and the service life of assembly can be improved.
Film forming is preferably and is coated in mould release membrance or release paper by polyurethane solutions, dries to obtain poly-ammonia through 60 DEG C-120 DEG C Ester composite membrane, removes mould release membrance by polyurethane composite membrane or release paper is transferred on solar battery sheet and/or adhesive layer Polyurethane film, preparation method is simple, simultaneously to the miscellaneous part in solar module such as solar battery sheet or bonding Oxidant layer etc. are without impact.In the case of compare Jia, polyurethane composite membrane can be removed mould release membrance or release paper is transferred at 0-50 DEG C Obtaining polyurethane film on adhesive layer, can process with adhesive layer integrated molding, technique is simple, saves the energy, reduces cost.
Printing opacity upper cover plate can be the upper cover plate that solar module is conventional, such as glass plate etc..
Backboard can be the backboard that solar module is conventional, such as TPT composite membrane, TPE composite membrane, BBF composite membrane, Polyimide composite film, it is also possible to for glass or steel plate etc..
Adhesive layer can be selected for ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) layer or polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB) layer, More preferably ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) layer, makes the tool between layers of the solar module of the present invention There is preferably degree of laminating, improve the sealing of assembly, improve security intensity and water resistance, the thickness of adhesive layer of assembly It is preferably 0.25-0.80mm, more preferably 0.4-0.5mm, optimizes the intensity of battery component, it is to avoid cell piece sliver, The thickness of solar module is also optimized simultaneously.
The various solar battery sheets that solar battery sheet can be known to the skilled person, can be polysilicon or Monocrystaline silicon solar cell sheet, it is also possible to for silicon film solar batteries sheet.Wherein solar battery sheet is usually silicon chip process Technique → removal damage layer → making herbs into wool → diffusion technique → the periphery that deoils etches → goes removing oxide layer → silicon nitride film → silk screen processed The printing back of the body, anelectrode → sintering → testing, sorting etc. prepare.When being assembled into solar module, solar battery sheet with Silicon nitride anti-reflecting film is contained on the surface of the hot melt adhesive layer contact of refractive index 1.6-1.7, and silicon nitride anti-reflecting film is the present invention do not have Limit, can be one layer, it is also possible to for multilamellar, the present invention is one layer, and the preferably refractive index of silicon nitride anti-reflecting film is 1.9- 2.1, form optimal refractive index gradient, improve light transmittance, can be prepared by the conventional method preparing silicon nitride anti-reflecting film, Such as the silicon chip removing removing oxide layer is placed in SINA_XXL_PECVD technique storehouse, with SiH4And NH3For reaction source, at silicon chip table Face deposited silicon nitride antireflective coating.
The number present invention of solar battery sheet does not limit, and it can also be multiple, according to the electricity of preparation for can being one Cell voltage demand, can form array with the some solar battery sheets of serial or parallel connection.
Invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned solar module, step includes: by printing opacity upper cover plate/viscous Knot oxidant layer/refractive index 1.6-1.7 hot melt adhesive layer/some solar battery sheet/adhesive layer/backboards stack gradually, after very Hot-forming solar module under empty condition.The most hot-forming general by printing opacity upper cover plate/binding agent The hot melt adhesive layer of layer/refractive index 1.6-1.7/some solar battery sheet/adhesive layer/backboards put into lamination after stacking gradually In heating plate in machine, evacuation, simultaneously heating plate, realize the solar energy to stacking by the elastica on laminating machine top cover The hot pressing of battery component, makes solar module molding, gets rid of the gas within solar module simultaneously.Preferably, heat The temperature of pressure is 120-150 DEG C, and the time of hot pressing is 12-20min.
Preferably, the preparation method of the hot melt adhesive layer of refractive index 1.6-1.7 includes will be attached on release paper or mould release membrance The hot melt adhesive layer of refractive index 1.6-1.7 removes release paper or mould release membrance is transferred on adhesive layer and/or solar battery sheet, side Method the most easily realizes, and on solar battery sheet and adhesive layer etc. all without impact, the film surface of preparation is smooth.Preferably situation Under, hot melt adhesive layer removal release paper or the mould release membrance that can will be attached to refractive index 1.6-1.7 on release paper or mould release membrance exist Being transferred on adhesive layer at 0-50 DEG C, process with adhesive layer integrated molding, technique is simple, saves the energy, reduces cost.
Preferably, the preparation process of the hot melt adhesive layer being attached to refractive index 1.6-1.7 on release paper or mould release membrance include by PEPA, isocyanates, light stabilizer and heat stabilizer react to obtain polyurethane solutions in a solvent, after by polyurethane solutions It is coated in mould release membrance or release paper, through 60 DEG C-120 DEG C polyurethane films drying to be attached in release paper or mould release membrance；Institute State isocyanates toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), isophorone diisocyanate or hydrogenation of benzene dimethylene two Carbimide. selected from hydrogenation One in ester.
Preferably, the preparation process of the hot melt adhesive layer being attached to refractive index 1.6-1.7 on release paper or mould release membrance also includes Be attached on the polyurethane film in release paper or mould release membrance be combined mould release membrance or release paper again at gained, described compound mould release membrance or The temperature of release paper is 10-110 DEG C, and the polyurethane film of preparation easily shifts and transfers, easy to operate, with adhesive layer and solar energy The adhesive property of cell piece is good, and stacking is more smooth, it is to avoid impurity etc..
Preferably, light stabilizer is steady selected from salicylic acid lipid light stabilizer, benzophenone light stabilizer, benzotriazole light Determine agent, triazines as light stabilizer, replacement propylene fine class light stabilizer, oxamide light stabilizer, organo-nickel compounds class light steady Determine one or more in agent, hindered amine light stabilizer or light shield class light stabilizer, preferably in the case of, be specifically as follows ESCALOL 567,2-hydroxyl-4-octyloxy-benzophenone, 2-(2 '-hydroxyl-3 ', 5 '-diamyl benzene Base) benzotriazole, 2-(2 '-hydroxyl-3 ' dodecyl-5 '-methyl)-benzotriazole, N-(2-ethoxyl phenenyl)-N '-(4-second Base phenyl) oxalamide, 4 benzoic acid ethyl ester)-N ', N '-(methyl, phenyl) carbonamidine, double (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidines Base) sebacate, poly-[1-(2`-ethoxy)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxy piperidine succinate], poly-[6-[(1,1, 3,3 ,-tetramethyl butyl)-amido] 1,3,5 ,-triazine-2,4-diyl] [(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidyl)-imido grpup]-1, 6-hexane diyl-[(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidyl)-imido grpup] }, zinc oxide, one or more in titanium dioxide.Excellent Choosing, relative to the PEPA of 100 weight portions, the amount of described light stabilizer is 0.1-1 weight portion, more preferably 0.1- 0.5 weight portion,
Described heat stabilizer resists selected from Hinered phenols antioxidant, amine antioxidants, phosphite ester kind antioxidant, monothioester class One or more in oxygen agent, antioxidant of bisphenol monoacryate or triazines antioxidant, preferably in the case of, be specifically as follows β-(4-hydroxyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) propanoic acid octadecyl alcohol ester, β-(4-hydroxyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) Ji Wusi Alcohol ester, three (2,4-DI-tert-butylphenol compounds) phosphite ester, double stearyl alcohol pentaerythritol diphosphites, double (3,5-bis-uncle Butyl phenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphites, 3,3 '-propane thioic acid Laurel alcohol ester, 3,3 '-propane thioic acid tristearin alcohol ester, sulfur generation Second two supports double [3-(3,5-di-t-butyl tetrahydroxy phenyl) propionic ester], 2,4-(dimethylene octyl thioether)-6-methylbenzene Phenol, N, one or more in N '-bis-[β (3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionyl]-1,6-hexamethylene diamine.Preferably, relatively In the PEPA of 100 weight portions, the amount of described heat stabilizer is 0.1-1 weight portion, more preferably 0.1-0.5 weight Part.
Described solvent is toluene or ethyl acetate.
The shape of solar module of preparation can use well known to a person skilled in the art variously-shaped, at solar energy The week of battery component, along cladding bezel seal, installs connection rosette etc. on backboard and can be prepared as solaode.Solar energy Other structures of battery and device all can use and well known to a person skilled in the art various structure and device, does not goes to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married at this State.
Unless stated otherwise, various solvent of the present invention and reagent are commercially available analytical reagent.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
Hydrogenated toluene by the polyester diol (682#, hydroxyl value 13mgKOH/g are spun by Japan) of 100 mass parts Yu 3 mass parts Diisocyanate (H6TDI), double 2,2,6, the 6 tetramethyl piperidine alcohol esters of the hindered amine light stabilizer decanedioic acid of 0.3 mass parts (chisorb770) heat stabilizer β (3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) the propanoic acid octadecyl alcohol ester of and 0.3 mass parts (chinox1076) it is blended in toluene, obtains polyurethane-hot melt sol solution.
Polyurethane-hot melt sol solution coating machine is coated on mould release membrance, dries at 120 DEG C and make about 200nm Polyurethane film, in 50 DEG C of thermal transfers to EVA packaging adhesive film, according to glass/with the EVA adhesive film/solar-electricity of polyurethane film The order stacking of pond sheet/EVA adhesive film/backboard, wherein, it is 2.0 nitrogen that one layer of refractive index is contained on the solar battery sheet surface of selection SiClx antireflective coating, puts in laminating machine, in 138 DEG C of evacuation hot pressing 19min, carries out solar battery group laminated into type Part.
The refractive index of the polyurethane film that employing abbe's refractometer records preparation is 1.62.
Embodiment 2
By the polyhexamethylene adipate glycol (PHA, hydroxyl value 35 mgKOH/g, Liming chemical Inst) of 100 mass parts; The polyether polyol (PPG, hydroxyl value 56mgKOH/g, Liming chemical Inst) of 100 mass parts;The hydrogenation 4,4'-of 42 mass parts Methyl diphenylene diisocyanate (H12MDI., purity 99.6%, Yantai Wanhua Polyurethane Co., Ltd);0.1 mass parts Heat stabilizer β (3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionate (chinox1010), the sulfur of 0.2 mass parts Double [3-(3,5-di-t-butyl tetrahydroxy phenyl) propionic ester] (chinox 1035), the hindered amines of 0.3 mass parts is supportted for second two Light stabilizer poly-[1-(2 '-ethoxy)-2,2,6,6 tetramethyl piperidine succinates] (chisorb622) is blended in toluene, Obtain polyurethane-hot melt sol solution.
Polyurethane-hot melt sol solution coating machine is coated on mould release membrance, dries at 120 DEG C and make about 200nm Polyurethane film, in 50 DEG C of thermal transfers to EVA packaging adhesive film, according to glass/with the EVA adhesive film/solar-electricity of polyurethane film The order stacking of pond sheet/EVA adhesive film/backboard, wherein, it is 2.0 nitrogen that one layer of refractive index is contained on the solar battery sheet surface of selection SiClx antireflective coating, puts in laminating machine, in 138 DEG C of evacuation hot pressing 19min, carries out solar battery group laminated into type Part.
The refractive index using the polyurethane film that method same as in Example 1 records preparation is 1.65.
Embodiment 3
By the polyether polyol (PPG, hydroxyl value 56mgKOH/g, Liming chemical Inst) of 100 mass parts;14.6 mass The hydrogenation Asia xylylene diisocyanate (H6XDI, purity 99.6%, Yantai Wanhua Polyurethane Co., Ltd) of part; 0.5 Heat stabilizer 2-hydroxyl-4-octyloxybenzophenone (UV531) of mass parts, the tricresyl phosphite (nonyl phenyl) of 1 mass parts (Naugard P), double 2,2,6, the 6 tetramethyl piperidine alcohol esters of the hindered amine light stabilizer decanedioic acid of 0.5 mass parts (chisorb770) it is blended in toluene, obtains polyurethane-hot melt sol solution.
Polyurethane-hot melt sol solution coating machine is coated on mould release membrance, dries at 120 DEG C and make about 200nm Polyurethane film, in 50 DEG C of thermal transfers to EVA packaging adhesive film, according to glass/with the EVA adhesive film/solar-electricity of polyurethane film The order stacking of pond sheet/EVA adhesive film/backboard, wherein, it is 2.0 nitrogen that one layer of refractive index is contained on the solar battery sheet surface of selection SiClx antireflective coating, puts in laminating machine, in 138 DEG C of evacuation hot pressing 19min, carries out solar battery group laminated into type Part.
The refractive index using the polyurethane film that method same as in Example 1 records preparation is 1.63.
Embodiment 4
Using method same as in Example 1 to prepare solar module, except for the difference that the thickness of polyurethane film is 80nm。
Embodiment 5
Using method same as in Example 1 to prepare solar module, except for the difference that the thickness of polyurethane film is 250nm。
Embodiment 6
Using method same as in Example 1 to prepare solar module, except for the difference that the thickness of polyurethane film is 300nm。
Comparative example 1
According to the order stacking of glass/EVA adhesive film/solar battery sheet/EVA adhesive film/backboard, wherein, the sun of selection It is 2.0 silicon nitride anti-reflecting films that one layer of refractive index is contained on energy cell piece surface, puts in laminating machine, in 138 DEG C of evacuation hot pressing 19min, carries out solar module laminated into type.
Performance test:
Use all band light transmittance tester testing example 1-6 glass/EVA adhesive film/polyurethane film light transmittance and The light transmittance of the glass/EVA adhesive film of comparative example 1, test result such as table 1.
Table 1
Light transmittance
Embodiment 1 92.0
Embodiment 2 91.8
Embodiment 3 92.2
Embodiment 4 91.8
Embodiment 5 92.2
Embodiment 6 92.1
Comparative example 1 90.2
The light transmittance on the solar battery sheet surface of solar module prepared by the present invention is high, significantly improves the sun The anti-reflective effect on energy cell piece surface, can improve the utilization rate of light, can improve the electricity conversion of battery.And need not be to too Sun can carry out complicated process by cell piece, and hot melt adhesive layer is on solar battery sheet without impact simultaneously, can be fabricated separately, during lamination Being compounded in the surface of solar battery sheet, technique the most easily realizes, and thickness is easy to control.And the hot melt adhesive layer of the present invention is organic Film, has good flexibility, can be combined very well with solar battery sheet and adhesive layer, at the layer of solar module During pressure, can be one-body molded with adhesive layer, do not result in bubble, impurity etc., film surface is smooth, in solar battery group The compatibility in part is good, also have simultaneously certain cohesive force, have that light transmittance is high, heat-resisting, cold-resistant, moisture-proof, ageing-resistant, mechanical The characteristics such as intensity is high, can well be applied in solar module.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within god and principle, should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. a solar module, it is characterised in that described solar module includes the printing opacity upper cover stacked gradually The hot melt adhesive layer of plate/adhesive layer/refractive index 1.6-1.7/some solar battery sheet/adhesive layer/backboards, described solar energy Silicon nitride anti-reflecting film is contained on the surface that cell piece contacts with hot melt adhesive layer, and the hot melt adhesive layer of described refractive index 1.6-1.7 is folding Penetrate the polyurethane film of rate 1.6-1.7 and/or the modified polyorganosiloxane film of refractive index 1.6-1.7；Described adhesive layer, hot melt adhesive layer Increase successively with the refractive index of silicon nitride anti-reflecting film.
Solar module the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the PUR of described refractive index 1.6-1.7 The thickness of layer is 20-300nm.
Solar module the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the PUR of described refractive index 1.6-1.7 The thickness of layer is 80-250nm.
Solar module the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the PUR of described refractive index 1.6-1.7 Layer is the polyurethane film of refractive index 1.6-1.7, and the polyurethane film of described refractive index 1.6-1.7 is by by PEPA, isocyanide Acid esters, light stabilizer and heat stabilizer react to obtain polyurethane solutions in a solvent, and rear film forming obtains polyurethane film, described isocyanates In toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), isophorone diisocyanate or the hydrogenation of benzene dimethylene diisocyanate of hydrogenation one Kind.
Solar module the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that polyurethane solutions is coated in mould release membrance or In release paper, dry to obtain polyurethane composite membrane through 60 DEG C-120 DEG C, polyurethane composite membrane is removed mould release membrance or release paper transfer Solar battery sheet and/or adhesive layer obtain polyurethane film.
Solar module the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that by polyurethane composite membrane remove mould release membrance or Release paper is transferred on adhesive layer to obtain polyurethane film at 0-50 DEG C.
Solar module the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described solar battery sheet and refractive index One layer of silicon nitride anti-reflecting film, the refractive index of described silicon nitride anti-reflecting film are contained in the surface of the hot melt adhesive layer contact of 1.6-1.7 For 1.9-2.1.
Solar module the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described printing opacity upper cover plate is glass；Described Adhesive layer is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer.
9. the preparation method of a solar module as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step includes: will be thoroughly The hot melt adhesive layer of light upper cover plate/adhesive layer/refractive index 1.6-1.7/some solar battery sheet/adhesive layer/backboards are successively Stacking, after the most hot-forming the solar module.
Preparation method the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the system of the hot melt adhesive layer of described refractive index 1.6-1.7 Preparation Method includes that the hot melt adhesive layer that will be attached to refractive index 1.6-1.7 on release paper or mould release membrance removes release paper or mould release membrance It is transferred on adhesive layer and/or solar battery sheet.
11. preparation methoies according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the hot melt adhesive layer of described refractive index 1.6-1.7 Preparation method includes that the hot melt adhesive layer that will be attached to refractive index 1.6-1.7 on release paper or mould release membrance removes mould release membrance or release Paper is transferred on adhesive layer at 0-50 DEG C.
12. preparation methoies according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described in be attached to the folding on release paper or mould release membrance The preparation process of the hot melt adhesive layer penetrating rate 1.6-1.7 includes existing PEPA, isocyanates, light stabilizer and heat stabilizer Solvent reacts to obtain polyurethane solutions, after polyurethane solutions is coated in mould release membrance or release paper, through 60 DEG C-120 DEG C drying The polyurethane film on release paper or mould release membrance must be attached to；Described isocyanates is selected from the toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) of hydrogenation, different Buddhist One in that ketone diisocyanate or hydrogenation of benzene dimethylene diisocyanate.
13. preparation methoies according to claim 12, it is characterised in that described in be attached to the folding on release paper or mould release membrance The preparation process of the hot melt adhesive layer penetrating rate 1.6-1.7 is additionally included in gained and is attached on the polyurethane film on release paper or mould release membrance Being combined mould release membrance or release paper again, the temperature of described compound mould release membrance or release paper is 10-110 DEG C.
14. preparation methoies according to claim 12, it is characterised in that described light stabilizer is steady selected from salicylic acid lipid light Determine agent, benzophenone light stabilizer, benzotriazole light stabilizer, triazines as light stabilizer, replacement propylene fine class light stably Agent, oxamide light stabilizer, organo-nickel compounds class light stabilizer, hindered amine light stabilizer or light shield class light are stable One or more in agent；Described heat stabilizer selected from Hinered phenols antioxidant, amine antioxidants, phosphite ester kind antioxidant, One or more in monothioester kind antioxidant, antioxidant of bisphenol monoacryate or triazines antioxidant；Described solvent is Toluene or ethyl acetate；Relative to the PEPA of 100 weight portions, the amount of described light stabilizer is 0.1-1 weight portion, described The amount of heat stabilizer is 0.1-1 weight portion.
15. preparation methoies according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the temperature of described hot pressing is 120-150 DEG C, hot pressing Time be 12-20min.
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CN108389926A (en) * 2018-01-18 2018-08-10 合肥晶澳太阳能科技有限公司 A kind of packaging method of photovoltaic module
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