CN103553827B - Method for preparing straw mushroom cultivation material from sugarcane leaf blades and sugarcane leaf tips - Google Patents
Method for preparing straw mushroom cultivation material from sugarcane leaf blades and sugarcane leaf tips Download PDFInfo
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- CN103553827B CN103553827B CN201310559268.4A CN201310559268A CN103553827B CN 103553827 B CN103553827 B CN 103553827B CN 201310559268 A CN201310559268 A CN 201310559268A CN 103553827 B CN103553827 B CN 103553827B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a straw mushroom cultivation material. The straw mushroom cultivation material is characterized by taking sugarcane leaf blades and sugarcane leaf tips as main raw materials and taking pond sludge, mushroom dreg, lime powder, gypsum powder and the like as adjuvants, wherein the moisture content of the cultivation material is 60-62%. The invention further relates to a method for preparing the cultivation material. The method has the advantages that sugarcane leaves and sugarcane tips are subjected to sunlight exposure, limewater pre-wetting and ventilated composting and fermentation, so that macromolecular substances, such as crude fibers and the like, are decomposed into simple substances which are conducive to the absorption of straw mushroom mycelia, and the growth of the straw mushroom mycelia is promoted; the cultivation material is reasonable in proportioning ratio and balanced in nutrition, so that the growth vigor of straw mushrooms is good, the yield is high, and the biological efficiency reaches 26.4-28.5%; not only is a solution for the innocent treatment of sugarcane leaves provided, but also a novel matrix for cultivating the straw mushrooms is found.
Description
Technical field
The present invention utilizes Sugarcane Leaves and blade tip to make Volvaria volvacea cultivation material, comprises the compatibility of planting material, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Straw mushroom is the edible fungus variety that south China is generally cultivated.Straw mushroom meat is fine and smooth, crisp smooth mouth, delicious flavour, and it is not only the nutrient excellent product on people's dining table, is again the traditional exporting of China.The materials such as the gill fungus granulose contained by straw mushroom, health-care effects such as there is raising body immunity, reduce cholesterol, be antitumor, the dark favor by domestic and international human consumer.
Straw mushroom is a kind of straw rotting fungus mushroom class, and decomposition of cellulose is very capable, and all the time, mushroom agriculture is all make Volvaria volvacea cultivation material using straw, straw, waste cotton, cotton seed hulls as main raw material.But along with the continuous expansion of Volvaria volvacea cultivation area, these traditional culturing raw material are day by day in short supply, price continuous rise, and therefore each production unit is all attached great importance to and looked for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
China is cane planting big country, since two thousand, keeps the position of sugarcane acreage and ultimate production third place in the world always.Sugarcane Leaves and blade tip are the residue wastes after harvesting sugarcane, and China's Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf ultimate productions in 15%, 2008 that harvesting sugarcane phase whole sugarcane leaf, sugarcane tip dry weight are about biological yield dry weight reach 1873.8 ten thousand t.These huge raw material resources, its utilization ratio is less than 20%, and processing mode main is now that direct field is burned, and brings the many hidden danger to aspects such as environment and safety thus.Can see that government forbids the bulletin that sugarcane leaf field is burned every year in China.
According to surveying and determination, the fat, starch, VITAMIN, enzyme etc. of sugarcane blade tip (air-dry thing) containing robust fibre 32.45%, crude protein 7.13%, total sugar (sucrose, reducing sugar) 32%, mineral substance 5.42% and some amount.Sugarcane Mature Leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are about 1.5%, 0.23% and 0.55%.The sugarcane tip, sugarcane leaf contain the nutritive element required for cultivating straw mushroom, can as the culturing raw material of straw mushroom.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation material compatibility that is main raw material with Sugarcane Leaves and blade tip
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation material compatibility, have following component and quality proportioning: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf (blade and blade tip) 53%-63%, pond sludge 15%-25%, bacterium slag 15%, lime powder 5%, terra alba 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf: after harvesting sugarcane, collects fresh sugarcane leaf, the sugarcane tip, is exposed to the sun dry, preserve for subsequent use.
Pond sludge: the mud in fertile pond sticks together.
Bacterium slag: for Pleurotus eryngii, needle mushroom fruiting terminate rear remaining tankage, the bacterium slag bacterium slag of living contaminants (remove) is crushed, dry for subsequent use.At present, Pleurotus eryngii, needle mushroom mostly are factorial praluction, in production, general 1-2 tide mushroom of only gathering, thus still contains a large amount of Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, fat, amino acid, mineral substance and mycelium (including the residual body protein of abundant mycelia) and mycelial meta-bolites in bacterium slag.
Lime, terra alba: provide calcareous, the potential of hydrogen of modification stability planting material.
The making method of planting material, comprises the steps:
1. Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf, pond sludge are prewetted: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf is ground into the segment that 3cm-5cm is long, waters pouring with the liming of 5%, after waiting Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf to have thorough grasp water, pile up 2d; Meanwhile, 2d before windrow, prewets the pond sludge dried water spray, smashs to pieces, and evenly mix and stir rear pre-heap;
2. heap is built: the Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf first spreading thick about 15cm-20cm on concrete floor, then layer overlay pond sludge, to cover full Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf for degree, then one deck Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf one deck pond sludge is stacking gets on, top layer pond sludge seals reality after covering, the high 1.5m-1.8m of general heap, pile wide 2.3m-2.5m, length is no less than 5m, pile up complete, the heap end, is when having a small amount of water to ooze out, show that water yield optimum (is built when piling front or turning and first put two Mao bamboo tubes in bottom, and the waddy of a diameter 15cm is inserted every 1m, extract Mao bamboo tube and waddy out after building up heap simultaneously, form the passage communicated up and down, increase the gas exchange inside and outside stockpile, be conducive to expecting that interior beneficial microorganism is movable, to improve fermented quality),
3. turning: turning interval time is 6,5,4,3,2 days, turning 4 times altogether, time remaining 20d, Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf material side during each turning ploughs under heap center, adds whole terra alba, add whole bacterium slag during the 4th turning during first time turning, suitably liming is added depending on the water content of windrow and potential of hydrogen during turning, when stopping fermentation, the pH value of planting material is 7.5-8.0, and water content is 60%-62%.
Adopt outdoor ridge-up bed to cultivate, the thick 15cm-18cm of stone, broadcast the method sowing combined with mixed seeding and layer, a bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom conventionally carry out.
The present invention for main raw material, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as pond sludge, bacterium slag, lime powder, terra alba with Sugarcane Leaves and blade tip, makes Volvaria volvacea cultivation material.Its advantage is: one be sugarcane leaf, the sugarcane tip to prewet and ventilate windrow fermentation through sunlight exposure, liming, the macromolecular substance such as robust fibre is decomposed into be conducive to the simple material that straw mushroom mycelia absorbs, facilitates the growth of straw mushroom mycelia; Two is that culture utilization is reasonable, and balanced in nutrition, straw mushroom growing way is good, and output is high, and its biological efficiency reaches 26.4%-28.5%; Three is that the harmless treatment not being only Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf provides a terms of settlement, also for Volvaria volvacea cultivation have found a kind of new matrix.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, straw mushroom planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf (blade and blade tip) 53%, pond sludge 25%, bacterium slag 15%, lime powder 5%, terra alba 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf, pond sludge are prewetted: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf is ground into the segment that 3cm-5cm is long, waters pouring with the liming of 5%, after waiting Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf to have thorough grasp water, pile up 2d; Meanwhile, 2d before windrow, prewets the pond sludge dried water spray, smashs to pieces, and evenly mix and stir rear pre-heap;
2. heap is built: the Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf first spreading thick about 20cm on concrete floor, then layer overlay pond sludge, then one deck Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf one deck pond sludge is stacking gets on, top layer pond sludge seals reality after covering, pile high 1.8m, wide 2.3m, the trapezoidal heap of long 5m, pile up complete, the heap end have a small amount of water ooze out (before building heap or turning time first put two Mao bamboo tubes in bottom, and the waddy of a diameter 15cm is inserted every 1m, extract Mao bamboo tube and waddy out after building up heap simultaneously, form the passage communicated up and down, increase the gas exchange inside and outside stockpile, be conducive to expecting that interior beneficial microorganism is movable, to improve fermented quality),
3. turning: turning interval time is 6,5,4,3,2 days, turning 4 times altogether, time remaining 20d, Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf material side during each turning ploughs under heap center, adds whole terra alba, add whole bacterium slag during the 4th turning during first time turning, suitably liming is added depending on the water content of windrow and potential of hydrogen during turning, when stopping fermentation, the pH value of planting material is 7.5, and water content is 60%-62%.
Adopt outdoor ridge-up bed to cultivate, the thick 15cm of stone, broadcast the method sowing combined with mixed seeding and layer, a bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom conventionally carry out.The biological efficiency of straw mushroom reaches 28.5%.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, straw mushroom planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf (blade and blade tip) 58%, pond sludge 20%, bacterium slag 15%, lime powder 5%, terra alba 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The biological efficiency of straw mushroom reaches 27.6%.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, straw mushroom planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf (blade and blade tip) 63%, pond sludge 15%, bacterium slag 15%, lime powder 5%, terra alba 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The biological efficiency of straw mushroom reaches 26.4%.
The planting material of table different modes is on the impact of straw mushroom biological efficiency
Claims (4)
1. a Volvaria volvacea cultivation material, is characterized in that containing, for example lower component and quality proportioning: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf 53%, pond sludge 25%, bacterium slag 15%, lime powder 5%, terra alba 2%, and be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%; The making method of described planting material is:
1. Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf, pond sludge are prewetted: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf is ground into the segment that 3cm-5cm is long, waters pouring with the liming of 5%, after waiting Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf to have thorough grasp water, pile up 2d; Meanwhile, 2d before windrow, prewets the pond sludge dried water spray, smashs to pieces, and evenly mix and stir rear pre-heap;
2. heap is built: the Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf first spreading thick 20cm on concrete floor, then layer overlay pond sludge, then one deck Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf one deck pond sludge is stacking gets on, top layer pond sludge seals reality after covering, pile high 1.8m, wide 2.3m, the trapezoidal heap of long 5m, pile up complete, the heap end, has a small amount of water to ooze out, build when piling front or turning and first put two Mao bamboo tubes in bottom, and the waddy of a diameter 15cm is inserted every 1m, extract Mao bamboo tube and waddy out after building up heap simultaneously, form the passage communicated up and down, increase the gas exchange inside and outside stockpile, be conducive to expecting that interior beneficial microorganism is movable, to improve fermented quality,
3. turning: turning interval time is 6,5,4,3,2 days, turning 4 times altogether, time remaining 20d, Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf material side during each turning ploughs under heap center, adds whole terra alba, add whole bacterium slag during the 4th turning during first time turning, suitably liming is added depending on the water content of windrow and potential of hydrogen during turning, when stopping fermentation, the pH value of planting material is 7.5, and water content is 60%-62%.
2. a kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that the blade that described Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf peels when being harvesting sugarcane, the blade tip cut off, and through drying of being exposed to the sun, preserves for subsequent use.
3. a kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described pond sludge is that the mud in fertile pond sticks together.
4. a kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that the planting material after described fermentation adopts outdoor ridge-up bed to cultivate, the thick 15cm of stone, and broadcast the method sowing combined with mixed seeding and layer, a bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom conventionally carry out.
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| CN109418004A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-03-05 | 罗旭 | With the method for sugarcane top cultivation phoenix-tail mushroom |
| CN107353096A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-17 | 浦江县欧立生物技术有限公司 | A kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix |
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| CN100403877C (en) * | 2005-02-28 | 2008-07-23 | 广东省微生物研究所 | Layered cultivation method of straw mushroom |
| KR101286334B1 (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2013-07-15 | 굿양송이영농조합법인 | A improvement casing soil and its method for making of mushroom cultivation |
| CN102498930A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-06-20 | 成都榕珍菌业有限公司 | Method for cultivating straw mushrooms by utilizing pleurotus eryngii fungi residues |
| CN102617240B (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2014-07-02 | 绥化学院 | Novel edible fungus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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