CN103474868B - Output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser mix thulium full-optical-fiber laser - Google Patents
Output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser mix thulium full-optical-fiber laser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser mix a thulium full-optical-fiber laser, comprising: the passive fiber that the first high-power laser diode of N number of band tail optical fiber delivery, the second high-power laser diode of N number of band tail optical fiber delivery, the first optical-fiber bundling device, the second optical-fiber bundling device, first paragraph have inscribed the passive fiber of Bragg grating, second segment has inscribed Bragg grating, first paragraph protects inclined double clad thulium doped fiber, second segment protects inclined double clad thulium doped fiber, the first optical fiber end cap, the second optical fiber end cap and single polarization fiber.It is simple, compact that the present invention has structure, and the power exporting 2 mum laser is high, linear polarization degree advantages of higher, and due to all optical fibre structure, is easy to build and use and commercialization is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fiber laser technology field, particularly a kind of output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser mix thulium full-optical-fiber laser.
Background technology
In recent years, because 2 mum laser are in the extensive use in the fields such as national defence, medical treatment, remote sensing technology and biological study, excite the upsurge of its generation means of research, and then make 2 laser micrometers have significant progress in power, beam quality, commercialization etc.Among this, the thulium-doped fiber laser that can be used to generation 2 mum laser is particularly noticeable.This is due to some total good characteristics of fiber laser on the one hand, and as weak in thermal effect, single mode operates, beam quality is high and be easy to be integrated into product etc. after all-fiber.Then the Some features had as gain medium itself owing to mixing thulium silicon dioxide on the other hand.First, mixing thulium silicon dioxide has multiple absworption peak at each wavelength, so the selection of pumping source has very large leeway.Particularly there is very large absorption cross-section at the absworption peak of 790 nm, even if therefore adopt cladding pumping also fully can be absorbed in the pump light of this wave-length coverage in several meters, and then produce very high gain.This just just in time can utilize the laser diode of this wave-length coverage also developing very swift and violent at present as pumping source.Under the combination of both, two microns of continuous lights that existing company report obtains more than 1 kilowatt at present export.Secondly, mix thulium silicon dioxide has very wide emission spectra near 2 microns, this means that it has very wide wavelength tuning range, and forefathers' experiment shows, the exportable laser from about 1850 nanometers to 2050 nanometers.In addition, wide emission spectra means that it supports that ultrashort second, punching exported equally.According to Fourier's variation relation, the generation being less than 100 femtosecond ultrashort pulses can be supported in theory.Moreover, 800 nm pump lights can cause the cross relaxation process of the Tricationic initiation energy inter-stage of thulium, and then pump light is promoted greatly to the quantum efficiency of laser, in theory close to 200 percent, in experiment, also obtain the Slop efficiency of 60 about percent.So high transformation efficiency makes to mix thulium laser and has leading position in the 2 mum laser field that produces.
Mix by all-fiber 2 microns of continuous lights that thulium laser obtains more than 1 kilowatt export although have been reported, it exports only random polarization, cannot meet the requirement of application as laser radar, non-linear wavelength convert etc. of some needs linearly polarized lasers.At present, more than the output hectowatt of report the laser of 2 microns of polarised lights all have employed the mode of space optical coupling, and this is unfavorable for using of laser and realizes commercialization.And wieldy full-optical-fiber laser does not also have the report obtaining hectowatt grade 2 microns of polarised lights and export at present.In addition, export for realizing polarised light vibration, generally have employed at present the mode that resonant cavity two ends feedback fast and slow axis is Wavelength matched, this mode is owing to being difficult to obtain very high linear polarization degree to the impact of the factors such as the accuracy of axle when being subject to degeneration, the welding of degree of polarization when laser transmits in polarization maintaining optical fibre.The problem of degree of polarization has appeared in the laser of traditional " the main power oscillation amplification " configuration of employing equally.Because this class laser has multiple amplifying stage usually, also just mean that needs adopt longer polarization maintaining optical fibre and multiple fusion point needed axle welding, these factors are all the obstructions obtaining high power, high linear polarization degree laser.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the difficulty that above-mentioned employing all optical fibre structure obtains high power, high linear polarization degree 2 mum laser, and what propose a kind of output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser mixes thulium full-optical-fiber laser.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser mix thulium full-optical-fiber laser, its feature is, comprising: the passive fiber that the first high-power laser diode of N number of band tail optical fiber delivery, the second high-power laser diode of N number of band tail optical fiber delivery, the first optical fiber end cap, the second optical fiber end cap, the first optical-fiber bundling device, the second optical-fiber bundling device, first paragraph have inscribed the passive fiber of Bragg grating, second segment has inscribed Bragg grating, first paragraph protect inclined double clad thulium doped fiber, second segment protects inclined double clad thulium doped fiber and single polarization fiber;
The annexation of above-mentioned each element is as follows:
The output of described N number of first high-power laser diode is respectively through the first pump light input of N section first pumping optical fiber and the first optical-fiber bundling device, second pump light input, N pump light input connects, the flashlight input of this first optical-fiber bundling device is connected with the first described optical fiber end cap, the flashlight output of the first optical-fiber bundling device has inscribed the passive fiber of Bragg grating through described first paragraph successively, first paragraph protects inclined double clad thulium doped fiber, single polarization fiber, second segment is protected inclined double clad thulium doped fiber and is connected with the flashlight input of the second described optical-fiber bundling device with the passive fiber that second segment has inscribed Bragg grating, the output of described N number of second high-power laser diode is respectively through the first pump light input of N section second pumping optical fiber and the second optical-fiber bundling device, second pumping input, N pump light input connects, the flashlight output of this second optical-fiber bundling device is connected with the second optical fiber end cap.
The described first doping weight ratio of protecting the Tricationic of thulium in inclined double clad thulium doped fiber and the inclined double clad thulium doped fiber fibre core of the second guarantor is all more than or equal to one of percentage.
The light reflectivity of passive fiber to laser wave strong point that first paragraph has inscribed Bragg grating is more than or equal to 95%, and the light reflectivity of passive fiber to laser wave strong point that described second segment has inscribed Bragg grating is less than or equal to 20%.
The reflection live width that described first paragraph has inscribed the passive fiber of Bragg grating, second segment has inscribed Bragg grating in the passive fiber of Bragg grating is less than 0.5 nanometer respectively.
The pump light input number of the first described optical-fiber bundling device and the second optical-fiber bundling device is N=2,6,12 or 18.
Described the first high-power laser diode of band tail optical fiber delivery and the pump light of the output of the second high-power laser diode are continuous light, and wave-length coverage is that 750 nanometers are to 820 nanometers.
The length of described single polarization fiber is 0.1 ~ 0.5 meter.
The first described optical fiber end cap and the diameter of section of the second optical fiber end cap are all greater than 1 millimeter, and each output face is 8 degree of angles and cuts sth. askew.
Connected by welding between described each element, to realize all optical fibre structure.
Keep mutually vertical between the both sides slow axis of fusion point and slow axis when inclined double clad thulium doped fiber and the second passive fiber welding are protected in the both sides, second of fusion point when inclined double clad thulium doped fiber welding is protected in the both sides of the described first fusion point when protecting inclined double clad thulium doped fiber and single polarization fiber welding, single polarization fiber and second, keep overlapping between the slow axis of fusion point both sides and slow axis during all the other each element weldings.
The Fiber connection place that the present invention mixes each element of thulium full-optical-fiber laser should meet the coupling of numerical aperture, and the output wavelength of its laser and spectral width are determined by the Bragg grating in the first passive fiber and the second passive fiber., the wave-length coverage of Laser output is that 1850 nanometers are to 2050 nanometers.
Compared with prior art, improvement and bring new ideas of the present invention comprises:
1) in laserresonator, add one section of single polarization fiber.Different polarization maintaining optical fibre is just maintained by polarisation of light state, and single polarization fiber only has slow axial light to pass through at selected wave band, and fast axial light is then depleted.Due to this feature, only have the light of particular polarization can starting of oscillation and being exaggerated in chamber, the light in other direction be then being depleted by during single polarization fiber, and this can make the linear polarization degree exporting polarised light improve.Meanwhile, due to the minimizing of other polarized component, energy stored in gain media also can obtain more efficiently utilization, and this makes pump light be improved to the transformation efficiency of laser.
2) present invention employs the mode directly being exported hectowatt grade high power laser light by oscillator stage, compared to the laser of traditional employing " main power oscillation amplification " mode, direct vibration is more efficient, and due to laser the shortening of transmission range in a fiber, the impact of polarization state degradation effect dies down, and makes Output of laser have higher linear polarization degree.
3) high-power laser diode pumping, fiber cladding pumping, bundling device are closed bundle and be coupled into chamber, end pumping, fused fiber splice, end cap suppress that amplified spont-aneous emission and the resonant cavity two ends feedback combine with technique such as fast and slow axis is Wavelength matched get up to make all-fiber to mix thulium laser output high-power, 2 mum laser of high linear polarization degree become possibility.
It is simple, compact that the present invention has structure, and the power exporting 2 mum laser is high, linear polarization degree advantages of higher, and due to all optical fibre structure, is easy to build and use and commercialization is promoted.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation mixing thulium full-optical-fiber laser of output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the simple and easy level structure figure of the Tricationic of thulium, and each arrow represents utilization
3h
6arrive
3h
4principal physical process involved when transition pumping produces 2 mum laser.
Figure 3 shows that two sections with the reflectance spectrum of the passive fiber of Bragg grating and the transmission spectrum of single polarization fiber.
Embodiment
Be described in detail the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Please first consult Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation mixing thulium full-optical-fiber laser of output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser of the present invention, as shown in the figure, output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser mix a thulium full-optical-fiber laser, its formation comprises: the second high-power laser diode 5, first optical fiber end cap 7, second optical fiber end cap 8, first optical-fiber bundling device 41, second optical-fiber bundling device 42 and laserresonator of the first high-power laser diode 1 of N number of band tail optical fiber delivery, N number of band tail optical fiber delivery.Laserresonator by the passive fiber 3 that first paragraph has inscribed the passive fiber 2 of Bragg grating, second segment has inscribed Bragg grating, first paragraph protects inclined double clad thulium doped fiber 11, second segment protects inclined double clad thulium doped fiber 12 and single polarization fiber 6 forms.
First paragraph protects inclined double clad thulium doped fiber 11 and second segment, and to protect inclined double clad thulium doped fiber 12 are gain medias, excited absorption pump light and spontaneous and stimulated radiation 2 microns of light.First paragraph has been inscribed the passive fiber 3 that the passive fiber 2 of Bragg grating and second segment inscribed Bragg grating and has been equivalent to Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror before in conventional solid laser, provides the light feedback on specific wavelength and direction.One section of single polarization fiber 6 has carried out further screening to lasing polarization state.The length of gain media determines the covering absorption coefficient of pumping according to thulium doped fiber usually.The doped fiber of preferred Absorbable rod 90 about percent pump light is advisable.For ensureing that 2 mum laser export from the end face of the second optical fiber end cap 8, first paragraph has inscribed the passive fiber 2 of Bragg grating should be more high better at the reflectivity of laser wave strong point, according to current technique, reflectivity can reach more than 99 percent usually, and second segment has inscribed the passive fiber 3 of Bragg grating, due to the high-gain coefficient of thulium doped fiber near 2 microns, usually do not need high reflectivity, generally get about 10 and be advisable.Single polarization fiber 6 does not need oversize, is less than half meter, and this is because it is expensive on the one hand, is because there will be polarization state degradation phenomena equally when it is long on the other hand yet.In addition, we will be described by composition graphs 3 below to select the part of polarization state about laser cavity.
Pumping source is that some first high power laser lights two swash pipe 1 and the second high power laser light two swashs pipe 5, and the output of pump light is then by lenticule coupled into optical fibres, is then exported by optical fiber.According to current technique, the output light of laser diode can be coupled among core diameter carefully to 100 micron optical fiber efficiently.The wavelength chooses of pumping source we then below composition graphs 2 be described.The output combiner of several high-power laser diodes, by inputting fine welding with the pump light of optical-fiber bundling device, is injected laserresonator by the output optical fibre of high-power laser diode.In order to improve the Slop efficiency of laser further, have employed the mode of Bidirectional end face pumping, namely the first optical-fiber bundling device 41 is connected laserresonator two ends respectively with the second optical-fiber bundling device 42 as shown in Figure 1, is injected in chamber by pump light.Optical-fiber bundling device need carry out high power package and active heat removal.
The two ends that the present invention mixes thulium full-optical-fiber laser respectively connect the first optical fiber end cap 7 of 8 degree of angles cuttings and the second optical fiber end cap 8 be mainly used for suppress the parasitic oscillation in laser and amplified spont-aneous emission.In addition, the output end face of optical fiber end cap preferably plates the anti-reflection film to optical maser wavelength light, to reduce output loss and end face Fresnel reflection and the thermal effect produced.
Figure 2 shows that the simple and easy level structure figure of the Tricationic of thulium, each arrow represents utilization
3h
6arrive
3h
4principal physical process involved when transition pumping produces 2 mum laser.Wherein arrow p mentions the excited absorption process of pump light above representing.Arrow l represents
3f
4arrive
3h
6the laser stimulated emission process of transition.R1 and r2 represent respectively from
3h
4arrive
3h
5with from
3h
5arrive
3f
4spontaneous transition process.C1 and c2 then represents the pair of cross relaxation process excited by p process:
3h
4arrive
3f
4with
3h
6arrive
3f
4.This gives us to cross relaxation process and selects pumping wavelength to be that 800 nm (correspond to just
3h
6arrive
3h
4the absworption peak of transition) reason: pump photon can excite two respectively from
3h
4with
3h
6the ion transition of energy level is to upper laser level
3f
4, make laser quantum efficiency close to 200 percent, also just make thulium-doped fiber laser have very high Slop efficiency.In addition, it is to be noted, the business high-power laser diode of 800 nm usually have 793 nanometers with 808 nanometers, we generally can select 793 nanometers as described in the pumping source of thulium-doped fiber laser, this is because the Tricationic of thulium has larger absorption cross-section at this wavelength.
Fig. 3 be two sections with the reflectance spectrum of the passive fiber of Bragg grating and the transmission spectrum of single polarization fiber.Reflection wavelength between high reflectance grating and antiradar reflectivity grating can be noticed and Incomplete matching, only have the fast axle reflection wavelength of high reflective grid and the slow axis reflection wavelength of low reflective grid to match.This has a mind to for it when inscribing grating, passes through low reflective grid 90-degree rotation (as shown in Figure 1) like this, just can make to protect in inclined thulium doped fiber and only have an axle to form laser generation when welding, thus polarization light output.Utilize single polarization fiber as shown in Fig. 3 middle graph to the cut-off wavelength of fast and slow axis light this character different, to further suppress the starting of oscillation of other polarization direction laser, serve and act on " purification " of required linearly polarized light simultaneously.
Claims (8)
1. an output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser mix thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, comprise: first high-power laser diode (1) of N number of band tail optical fiber delivery, second high-power laser diode (5) of N number of band tail optical fiber delivery, first optical fiber end cap (7), second optical fiber end cap (8), first optical-fiber bundling device (41), second optical-fiber bundling device (42), first paragraph has inscribed the passive fiber (2) of Bragg grating, second segment has inscribed the passive fiber (3) of Bragg grating, first paragraph protects inclined double clad thulium doped fiber (11), second segment protects inclined double clad thulium doped fiber (12) and single polarization fiber (6),
The annexation of above-mentioned each element is as follows:
The output of described N number of first high-power laser diode (1) is respectively through the first pump light input of N section first pumping optical fiber and the first optical-fiber bundling device (41), second pump light input, N pump light input connects, the flashlight input of this first optical-fiber bundling device (41) is connected with the first described optical fiber end cap (7), the flashlight output of the first optical-fiber bundling device (41) has inscribed the passive fiber (2) of Bragg grating successively through described first paragraph, first paragraph protects inclined double clad thulium doped fiber (11), single polarization fiber (6), second segment is protected inclined double clad thulium doped fiber (12) and is connected with the flashlight input of described the second optical-fiber bundling device (42) with the passive fiber (3) that second segment has inscribed Bragg grating, the output of described N number of second high-power laser diode (2) is respectively through the first pump light input of N section second pumping optical fiber and the second optical-fiber bundling device (42), second pumping input, N pump light input connects, the flashlight output of this second optical-fiber bundling device (42) is connected with the second optical fiber end cap (8),
Connected by welding between described each element, to realize all optical fibre structure;
Keep mutually vertical between the both sides slow axis of fusion point and slow axis when inclined double clad thulium doped fiber (12) and the second passive fiber (3) welding are protected in the both sides of fusion point when the both sides of fusion point, single polarization fiber (6) and second segment protect inclined double clad thulium doped fiber (12) welding when described first paragraph protects inclined double clad thulium doped fiber (11) and single polarization fiber (6) welding, second segment, keep overlapping between the slow axis of fusion point both sides and slow axis during all the other each element weldings.
2. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser according to claim 1 mix thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, described first paragraph is protected the doping weight ratio that inclined double clad thulium doped fiber (11) and second segment protect the Tricationic of thulium in inclined double clad thulium doped fiber (12) fibre core and is all more than or equal to one of percentage.
3. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser according to claim 1 mix thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, passive fiber (2) light reflectivity to laser wave strong point that first paragraph has inscribed Bragg grating is more than or equal to 95%, and passive fiber (3) light reflectivity to laser wave strong point that described second segment has inscribed Bragg grating is less than or equal to 20%.
4. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser according to claim 3 mix thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, the reflection live width that described first paragraph has inscribed the passive fiber of Bragg grating, second segment has inscribed Bragg grating in the passive fiber of Bragg grating is less than 0.5 nanometer respectively.
5. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser according to claim 1 mix thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, described the first optical-fiber bundling device (41) and the pump light input number of the second optical-fiber bundling device (42) are N=2,6,12 or 18.
6. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser according to claim 1 mix thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, the pump light of first high-power laser diode (1) of described band tail optical fiber delivery and the output of the second high-power laser diode (5) is continuous light, and wave-length coverage is that 750 nanometers are to 820 nanometers.
7. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser according to claim 1 mix thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, the length of described single polarization fiber (6) is 0.1 ~ 0.5 meter.
8. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization laser according to claim 1 mix thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, the first described optical fiber end cap (7) and the diameter of section of the second optical fiber end cap (8) are all greater than 1 millimeter, and each output face is 8 degree of angles and cuts sth. askew.
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| CN106410576A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-02-15 | 北京工业大学 | Linear polarization output all-fiber pulse dual-cavity lasers |
| CN108963738A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2018-12-07 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Double-end output linear cavity all-fiber laser oscillator |
| CN109818237B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-01-01 | 上海交通大学 | Ultrashort laser pulse shaping system based on optical fiber ring circulation modulation time grating |
| CN110581434A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-17 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Method for generating 2-micron-waveband single-wavelength stable laser output and laser device |
| CN110729626A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-24 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Method for changing laser output divergence angle |
| CN110957627A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-03 | 北京工业大学 | High-power 2-micron intermediate infrared thulium-doped optical fiber picosecond laser |
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| CN103078243A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-01 | 上海交通大学 | 2-micrometer high-pulse energy thulium-doped optical fiber laser of hybrid pump |
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