CN103451754B - A kind of batch prepares melt differential EFI device for spinning and the technique of nanofiber - Google Patents
A kind of batch prepares melt differential EFI device for spinning and the technique of nanofiber Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012567 medical material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝装置及工艺，属于静电纺丝领域。主要包括挤出机、滤网、熔体计量泵、纺丝箱体、气流加热装置、空压机、上电极板、下电极板、高压静电发生器、导向风刀、热轧装置、接收装置、铺网带和抽风系统，挤出机出口接滤网，滤网和纺丝箱体入口之间通过法兰连接熔体计量泵，气流通过分流装置分为两股接通到纺丝箱体，熔体通过纺丝箱体分流导流后在波形导流板下端获得薄层均流熔体层，在高压静电作用下，熔体层自组织形成多个泰勒锥，泰勒锥在高速气流及高压静电下继续拉伸和分裂，在铺网带接收端固化形成超细纤维，本发明克服聚合物高粘、产量低、装置复杂等困难，可实现熔体微分静电纺丝的工业化生产。
The invention discloses a melt differential electrospray spinning device and process for preparing nanofibers in batches, and belongs to the field of electrospinning. It mainly includes extruder, filter screen, melt metering pump, spinning box, air heating device, air compressor, upper electrode plate, lower electrode plate, high-voltage electrostatic generator, guide air knife, hot rolling device, receiving device , Laying belt and exhaust system, the outlet of the extruder is connected to the filter screen, and the melt metering pump is connected between the filter screen and the inlet of the spinning box through a flange, and the air flow is divided into two strands through the splitter device and connected to the spinning box After the melt passes through the spinning box, a thin layer of uniform flow melt layer is obtained at the lower end of the wave deflector. Under the action of high-voltage static electricity, the melt layer self-organizes to form multiple Taylor cones. Taylor cones are in high-speed airflow and Continue stretching and splitting under high-voltage static electricity, and solidify at the receiving end of the laying belt to form ultrafine fibers. The invention overcomes the difficulties of high polymer viscosity, low output, and complicated devices, and can realize the industrial production of melt differential electrospinning.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝装置及工艺，属于静电纺丝领域。The invention relates to a melt differential electrospray spinning device and process for preparing nanofibers in batches, and belongs to the field of electrospinning.
背景技术Background technique
熔喷纺丝工艺是采用高速热空气流对纺丝箱体喷丝孔挤出的聚合物熔体细流进行牵伸，由此形成超细纤维并收集在凝网帘或滚筒上的过程；熔体微分静电纺丝工艺就是在微分喷头和接收装置间施加高压静电场，使被极化的聚合物熔体在电场力的作用下克服表面张力，在微分喷头端面形成射流，在接收板上获得超细纤维的过程。所述的微分喷头是指该喷头将熔体均匀细分，熔体先经流道分配后，再由喷头处均匀分成多股，每根丝的直径达到微米或纳米。电喷纺丝(electro-blowing spinning)方法就是同时结合了熔喷纺丝和静电纺丝两种工艺，对带电或被极化的聚合物熔体施加高速气流拉伸力和高压静电拉伸力，克服熔体表面张力，形成高速射流，经过高倍细化，冷却固化后在铺网带或接收电极形成超细纤维随机沉积膜或者毡的过程。The melt-blown spinning process is a process in which a high-speed hot air flow is used to draw a thin stream of polymer melt extruded from the spinneret hole of the spinning box, thereby forming ultra-fine fibers and collecting them on the condensation screen or roller; The melt differential electrospinning process is to apply a high-voltage electrostatic field between the differential nozzle and the receiving device, so that the polarized polymer melt overcomes the surface tension under the action of the electric field force, forms a jet on the end face of the differential nozzle, and flows on the receiving plate. The process of obtaining microfiber. The differential nozzle means that the nozzle evenly subdivides the melt, and the melt is firstly distributed through the flow channel, and then evenly divided into multiple strands by the nozzle, and the diameter of each filament reaches micron or nanometer. The electro-blowing spinning method is to combine the two processes of melt-blown spinning and electrospinning at the same time, and apply high-speed airflow stretching force and high-voltage electrostatic stretching force to the charged or polarized polymer melt. , to overcome the surface tension of the melt to form a high-speed jet, after high-power refinement, cooling and solidification, the process of forming a superfine fiber random deposition film or felt on the laying belt or receiving electrode.
一般通过熔喷纺丝工艺可制备平均直径2-5μm的纤维，纤维一般是长度100mm内的短纤维，表面粗糙，但该工艺具有可观的纺丝效率，一个喷丝头的产量可达3-10g/min；而熔体微分静电纺丝工艺可制备平均直径200nm-10μm的纤维，纤维为直径可控的连续长纤维，表面光滑，尽管该工艺纺丝效率是普通毛细管纺丝效率的5-20倍，但仍低于熔喷工艺一个数量级。因此通过装置创新设计和工艺优化将熔喷工艺和静电纺丝工艺相结合，实现电喷纺丝有利于超高纺丝效率的亚微米纤维制备技术的开发，从而突破常规方法纤维较粗或效率过低的问题。Generally, fibers with an average diameter of 2-5 μm can be prepared by the melt-blown spinning process. The fibers are generally short fibers with a length of less than 100 mm, and the surface is rough. However, this process has considerable spinning efficiency, and the output of a spinneret can reach 3-5 μm. 10g/min; while the melt differential electrospinning process can produce fibers with an average diameter of 200nm-10μm. The fibers are continuous long fibers with controllable diameter and smooth surface, although the spinning efficiency of this process is 5-5% of that of ordinary capillary spinning. 20 times, but still an order of magnitude lower than the meltblown process. Therefore, through the innovative design of the device and process optimization, the meltblown process and the electrospinning process are combined to realize electrospray spinning, which is conducive to the development of submicron fiber preparation technology with ultra-high spinning efficiency, thus breaking through the conventional method of thicker fibers or higher efficiency. low problem.
针对这一问题，康奈尔大学Eduard Zhmayev等人研究了气流辅助下的单根纤维细化过程，发现高速气流的增加使得纤维细化了20倍，并据此申请并获得美国专利授权(专利公开号：US2013/0040140 A1)。由于没有批量化设计方案，该发明缺乏实用性，而纽约大学的Benjamin Chu等人申请了关于熔喷和静电相结合的纺丝装置及工艺专利(专利公开号：US7887311B2)，但是该专利只是围绕多个毛细管组装的喷头装置和喷头熔体清理装置的技术方案，缺少熔体静电纺丝的具体实施例。In response to this problem, Eduard Zhmayev of Cornell University and others studied the process of single fiber thinning assisted by airflow, and found that the increase of high-speed airflow made the fiber thinner by 20 times, and applied for and obtained the US patent authorization accordingly (patent Publication number: US2013/0040140 A1). Because there is no batch design scheme, the invention lacks practicability, and people such as Benjamin Chu of New York University have applied for a spinning device and process patent (patent publication number: US7887311B2) on the combination of melt blown and electrostatic, but this patent is only around The technical scheme of the nozzle device assembled with multiple capillaries and the nozzle melt cleaning device lacks a specific embodiment of melt electrospinning.
针对熔喷纺丝法获得亚微米级纤维，国外一些公司已经有所突破，Hills公司对纳米熔喷纤维作过很深的研究，已可达到产业化的阶段。其它一些企业例如Nonwoven Technologies(NTI)公司也开发了可生产的纳米熔喷纤维的工艺、技术，并已取得了专利。但是这些公司的熔喷技术都是基于其极苛刻的制备工艺和模具材料，并且一定程度上牺牲了纺丝效率，通过组装更多的纺丝箱体来实现一定的纺丝效率，大大增加了设备成本和维护成本。Some foreign companies have made breakthroughs in obtaining sub-micron fibers by melt-blown spinning. Hills has done in-depth research on nano-melt-blown fibers and has reached the stage of industrialization. Some other companies such as Nonwoven Technologies (NTI) have also developed the process and technology of nano-melt-blown fibers that can be produced, and have obtained patents. However, the melt blown technology of these companies is based on their extremely harsh preparation process and mold materials, and to a certain extent, the spinning efficiency is sacrificed. By assembling more spinning boxes to achieve a certain spinning efficiency, it greatly increases Equipment cost and maintenance cost.
因此本发明将通过装置设计和工艺设定，实现普通熔喷工艺和熔体微分静电纺丝工艺的巧妙结合，形成一种熔体微分电喷纺丝方法，将成为低成本高效率纳米纤维制备的产业化装置和工艺新选择。Therefore, the present invention will realize the ingenious combination of ordinary melt blown process and melt differential electrospinning process through device design and process setting, and form a melt differential electrospray spinning method, which will become a low-cost and high-efficiency nanofiber preparation method. New options for industrialized devices and processes.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提出一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝装置及工艺。聚合物熔体通过衣架型分流板分流后获得薄层均流熔体，熔体进入夹持有波形导流板的夹板狭缝后，在下端受到高压静电作用，自由自组织形成多个泰勒锥，泰勒锥在高速气流及高压静电下继续拉伸和分裂，在接收铺网端形成超细纤维无纺布。The invention proposes a melt differential electrospray spinning device and process for preparing nanofibers in batches. After the polymer melt passes through the hanger-shaped splitter plate, a thin-layer uniform flow melt is obtained. After the melt enters the slit of the splint holding the wave-shaped deflector, it is subjected to high-voltage electrostatic action at the lower end, and freely self-organizes to form multiple Taylor cones. , the Taylor cone continues to stretch and split under high-speed airflow and high-voltage static electricity, and forms a superfine fiber non-woven fabric at the receiving end of the web.
为实现上述目的采取的技术方案是：一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝装置，主要包括挤出机、滤网、熔体计量泵、纺丝箱体、气流加热装置、空压机、上电极板、下电极板、高压静电发生器、导向风刀、热轧装置、接收装置、铺网带和抽风系统，挤出机出口接滤网，滤网和纺丝箱体入口之间通过法兰连接熔体计量泵，空压机出口连接气流加热装置，然后通过分流装置分为两股气流接通到纺丝箱体，纺丝箱体下方安置上电极板，距离上电极板一定距离处安置下电极板，铺网带穿过上电极板和下电极板之间并贴着下电极板，在纺丝箱体和上电极板之间安装导向风刀，抽风装置紧贴在下电极板正下方。The technical solution adopted to achieve the above purpose is: a melt differential electrospray spinning device for preparing nanofibers in batches, which mainly includes an extruder, a filter screen, a melt metering pump, a spinning box, an air heating device, an air Press machine, upper electrode plate, lower electrode plate, high-voltage electrostatic generator, guide air knife, hot rolling device, receiving device, laying belt and exhaust system, extruder outlet connected to filter screen, filter screen and spinning box inlet The melt metering pump is connected through the flange, the outlet of the air compressor is connected to the airflow heating device, and then divided into two airflows through the splitter device and connected to the spinning box, the upper electrode plate is placed under the spinning box, and the distance from the upper electrode The lower electrode plate is placed at a certain distance from the plate, the mesh belt passes between the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate and sticks to the lower electrode plate, and the guide air knife is installed between the spinning box and the upper electrode plate, and the exhaust device is close to the directly below the lower electrode plate.
本发明涉及一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝装置，其中纺丝箱体主要由衣架型分流板、过渡板、波形导流板和导流板夹板组成，衣架型分流板、过渡板和导流板夹板均通过螺钉连接，组合后即形成异型截面气流道。The invention relates to a melt differential electrospray spinning device for preparing nanofibers in batches, wherein the spinning box is mainly composed of a hanger-type diverter plate, a transition plate, a waveform guide plate and a guide plate splint, the hanger-type diverter plate, Both the transition plate and the splint of the deflector are connected by screws, and the special-shaped cross-section air channel is formed after combination.
本发明涉及一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝装置，其中波形导流板夹在导流板夹板中间，波浪形的导流板截面呈波形曲线，其波形可以是正弦波或矩形波，实现对熔体的分割和导流，避免了大长径比微孔加工的复杂性，波形导流板的左右两端焊接楔形块，波形导流板具有一定的弹性，通过夹紧导流板夹板调整夹板间隙，从而压缩波形导流板，同时和楔形块相连接的调节弹簧提供预紧力，以保证楔形块和导流板夹板楔形面的密封，安装调节弹簧的弹簧承压板通过调节螺钉与导流板夹板连接，确保不影响导流板夹板的调节。The invention relates to a melt differential electrospray spinning device for preparing nanofibers in batches, in which a wave-shaped deflector is sandwiched between the splints of the deflector, and the cross-section of the wave-shaped deflector is a wave curve, and its waveform can be a sine wave or Rectangular wave, to achieve the segmentation and diversion of the melt, avoiding the complexity of micro-hole processing with a large aspect ratio, the left and right ends of the wave deflector are welded with wedge-shaped blocks, the wave deflector has a certain degree of elasticity, through clamping The deflector splint adjusts the gap between the splints, thereby compressing the wave deflector. At the same time, the adjustment spring connected to the wedge block provides pre-tightening force to ensure the sealing between the wedge block and the wedge-shaped surface of the deflector splint. The spring of the installation adjustment spring bears pressure The plate is connected with the splint of the deflector through the adjustment screw to ensure that the adjustment of the splint of the deflector is not affected.
本发明涉及一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝装置，高压静电的产生采用双电极设计，即上电极板置于纺丝箱体和铺网带中间，在上电极板和波形导流板正对的位置开30-100mm的长条线形通孔，并连接高压静电发生器高压输出端；下电极板置于铺网带正下方0.2-5cm处，下电极板上均匀钻10-200目的均布细孔，便于抽风系统气流顺利通过。纺丝箱体接地，上电极板距离纺丝箱体下端2-8cm，上电极板电压为10-60kv，下电极板距离上电极板5-45cm，电压为20-160kv。The invention relates to a melt differential electrospray spinning device for preparing nanofibers in batches. The generation of high-voltage static electricity adopts a double-electrode design, that is, the upper electrode plate is placed between the spinning box and the laying belt, and the upper electrode plate and the waveform Open a 30-100mm long linear through-hole at the position facing the deflector, and connect it to the high-voltage output end of the high-voltage electrostatic generator; the lower electrode plate is placed 0.2-5cm directly below the mesh belt, and 10 holes are evenly drilled on the lower electrode plate. -200-mesh fine holes are evenly distributed, which is convenient for the airflow of the ventilation system to pass through smoothly. The spinning box is grounded, the upper electrode plate is 2-8cm away from the lower end of the spinning box, the voltage of the upper electrode plate is 10-60kv, the lower electrode plate is 5-45cm away from the upper electrode plate, and the voltage is 20-160kv.
本发明涉及一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝装置，上电极板上方左右两侧安装导向风刀，引导气流顺利通过上电极板，同时对纤维产生牵伸细化作用，该导向风刀气流速度可在10-100m/s内调节，气流温度-5-160℃可调。The invention relates to a melt differential electrospray spinning device for preparing nanofibers in batches. Guiding air knives are installed on the left and right sides above the upper electrode plate to guide the airflow to pass the upper electrode plate smoothly, and at the same time produce a drafting and thinning effect on the fibers. The airflow speed of the guide air knife can be adjusted within 10-100m/s, and the airflow temperature can be adjusted from -5-160℃.
本发明涉及一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝装置的纺丝工艺步骤如下：先将挤出机、纺丝箱体、热轧装置等预热到设定温度；按照预设纺丝速度开始挤料直到熔体挤出压力稳定；上电极板和下电极板先后加电；待聚合物熔体均布射流出现后按照预设参数开启空压机气流供给、气流加热装置及抽风系统；待纺丝过程稳定后，开始铺网带运行，无纺布通过热轧装置利用收卷辊子收卷。The invention relates to a melt differential electrospray spinning device for preparing nanofibers in batches. The spinning process steps are as follows: first, preheat the extruder, spinning box, hot rolling device, etc. The spinning speed starts to extrude until the melt extrusion pressure is stable; the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate are powered on successively; after the uniform jet flow of the polymer melt appears, the air compressor air supply, the air flow heating device and the air compressor are turned on according to the preset parameters Ventilation system; after the spinning process is stable, the mesh belt starts to run, and the non-woven fabric is rewound by the rewinding roller through the hot rolling device.
本发明涉及一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝装置及工艺，由于改变了传统的静电纺丝毛细管的结构，将静电纺丝由单根的出丝方式，利用成排的波形薄片引导为可自组织的多根直线排列的泰勒锥体，然后利用高速气流和高压电场作用，实现了平均直径为200-800nm聚合物纳米纤维的批量化制备，使得制备效率接近于工业化生产的熔喷技术，为我国超细纤维制备及其在高效过滤、锂电池隔膜、医用材料应用提供了材料基础和技术支撑。可克服聚合物高粘、产量低、装置复杂等困难，实现熔体微分静电纺丝的工业化生产。The invention relates to a melt differential electrospray spinning device and process for preparing nanofibers in batches. Since the structure of the traditional electrospinning capillary is changed, the electrospinning is changed from a single filament output method to utilizing rows of waveforms. The flakes are guided into self-organized multiple Taylor cones arranged in a straight line, and then using high-speed airflow and high-voltage electric field, the batch preparation of polymer nanofibers with an average diameter of 200-800nm is realized, making the preparation efficiency close to that of industrial production. Meltblown technology provides material basis and technical support for the preparation of ultrafine fibers in my country and their applications in high-efficiency filtration, lithium battery diaphragms, and medical materials. It can overcome the difficulties of polymer high viscosity, low output, complicated device, etc., and realize the industrialized production of melt differential electrospinning.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明涉及一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝装置的总体装配示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of a melt differential electrospray spinning device for preparing nanofibers in batches according to the present invention.
图2是图1所示的本发明涉及一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝装置的纺丝箱体横截面示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spinning box body of a melt differential electrospray spinning device for preparing nanofibers in batches according to the present invention shown in Fig. 1 .
图3是图2所示的纺丝箱体内衣架型分流板剖面示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hanger-type splitter plate in the spinning box shown in Fig. 2 .
图4是图2所示的纺丝箱体内导流板夹板的等轴示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic isometric view of the baffle plate in the spinning beam shown in Fig. 2 .
图5是图2所示的纺丝箱体内导流板夹板的正视图。Fig. 5 is a front view of the deflector splint in the spinning beam shown in Fig. 2 .
图6是图4和图5所示的波形导流板等轴示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic isometric view of the wave deflector shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 .
图7是图1所示的导向风刀剖面示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the guide air knife shown in Fig. 1 .
图中：1-挤出机；2-滤网；3-熔体计量泵；4-纺丝箱体；5-气流加热装置；6-空压机；7-上电极板；8-下电极板；9-高压静电发生器；10-导向风刀；11-热轧装置；12-收卷辊子；13-铺网带；14-抽风系统；15-衣架型分流板；16-过渡板；17-波形导流板；18-导流板夹板；19-气流道；20-螺钉；21-调节弹簧；22-调节螺钉；23-弹簧承压板；24-楔形块；25-紧定螺钉。In the figure: 1-extruder; 2-filter; 3-melt metering pump; 4-spinning box; 5-air heating device; 6-air compressor; 7-upper electrode plate; 8-lower electrode Plate; 9-high-voltage electrostatic generator; 10-guide air knife; 11-hot rolling device; 12-winding roller; 13-laying belt; 14-ventilation system; 17-wave deflector; 18-deflector splint; 19-air flow channel; 20-screw; 21-adjusting spring; 22-adjusting screw; 23-spring bearing plate; 24-wedge block; 25-set screw .
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明涉及一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝装置，如图1～7所示的示意图，纺丝装置主要包括挤出机1、滤网2、熔体计量泵3、纺丝箱体4、气流加热装置5、空压机6、上电极板7、下电极板8、高压静电发生器9、导向风刀10、热轧装置11、收卷辊子12、铺网带13及抽风系统14，挤出机1出口接滤网2，滤网2和纺丝箱体4入口之间通过法兰连接熔体计量泵3，空压机6出口连接气流加热装置5，然后通过分流装置分为两个管道，接通到纺丝箱体4，纺丝箱体4下方安置上电极板7，距离上电极板7下方一定距离处安置下电极板8，铺网带13穿过上电极板7和下电极板8之间并贴着下电极板8，在纺丝箱体4和上电极板7之间安装导向风刀10，抽风系统14紧贴在下电极板8正下方,其中纺丝箱体4主要由衣架型分流板15、过渡板16、波形导流板17和导流板夹板18组成，衣架型分流板15、过渡板16和导流板夹板18均通过螺钉20连接，组合后即形成曲线气流道19，波形导流板17夹在导流板夹板18中间，波形导流板17的左右两端焊接楔形块24，同时和楔形块24相连接的调节弹簧21提供预紧力以保证楔形块24和导流板夹板楔形面的密封,安装弹簧的弹簧承压板23通过调节螺钉22与导流板夹板18连接，确保不影响导流板夹板的调节，衣架型分流板15为对称式结构，通过紧定螺钉25组装。The invention relates to a melt differential electrospray spinning device for preparing nanofibers in batches, as shown in Figures 1 to 7, the spinning device mainly includes an extruder 1, a filter screen 2, a melt metering pump 3, a spinning Wire box 4, airflow heating device 5, air compressor 6, upper electrode plate 7, lower electrode plate 8, high-voltage electrostatic generator 9, guide air knife 10, hot rolling device 11, winding roller 12, mesh belt 13 And the exhaust system 14, the outlet of the extruder 1 is connected to the filter screen 2, the melt metering pump 3 is connected through the flange between the filter screen 2 and the inlet of the spinning box 4, the outlet of the air compressor 6 is connected to the airflow heating device 5, and then passed The shunt device is divided into two pipes, connected to the spinning box 4, the upper electrode plate 7 is placed under the spinning box 4, the lower electrode plate 8 is placed at a certain distance below the upper electrode plate 7, and the laying belt 13 passes through Between the upper electrode plate 7 and the lower electrode plate 8 and close to the lower electrode plate 8, a guide air knife 10 is installed between the spinning box 4 and the upper electrode plate 7, and the exhaust system 14 is close to the bottom of the lower electrode plate 8, Wherein spinning box body 4 is mainly made up of hanger type diverter plate 15, transition plate 16, corrugated guide plate 17 and deflector splint 18, and clothes hanger type diverter plate 15, transition plate 16 and deflector splint 18 all pass screw 20 After being connected, the curvilinear flow path 19 is formed after the combination, the wave deflector 17 is clamped in the middle of the deflector splint 18, the left and right ends of the wave deflector 17 are welded with wedge-shaped blocks 24, and the adjustment spring 21 connected with the wedge-shaped block 24 at the same time Provide pre-tightening force to ensure the sealing between the wedge block 24 and the wedge-shaped surface of the deflector splint, and the spring-loaded spring pressure plate 23 is connected with the deflector splint 18 through the adjustment screw 22 to ensure that the adjustment of the deflector splint is not affected, and the clothes hanger Type splitter plate 15 is a symmetrical structure, assembled by set screw 25.
本发明涉及一种批量制备纳米纤维的熔体微分电喷纺丝工艺步骤如下：挤出机1、纺丝箱体4、热轧装置11等预热到设定温度；按照预设纺丝速度开始挤料直到熔体挤出压力稳定；对上电极板7和下电极板8先后通过高压静电发生器9高压端子通电；待波形导流板17下端聚合物熔体均布射流出现后按照预设参数开启空压机6气流供给、气流加热装置5及抽风系统14；待纺丝过程稳定后，开始铺网运行，无纺布通过热轧装置11利用收卷辊子12收卷。The invention relates to a melt differential electrospray spinning process for preparing nanofibers in batches. Start extruding until the melt extrusion pressure is stable; the upper electrode plate 7 and the lower electrode plate 8 are energized successively through the high-voltage terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 9; Set the parameters to turn on the airflow supply of the air compressor 6, the airflow heating device 5 and the exhaust system 14; after the spinning process is stable, the web laying operation is started, and the non-woven fabric is wound by the hot rolling device 11 with the winding roller 12.
一个实施例如图1、2、5所示，挤出机1采用螺杆直径为65mm，滤网2为240目，纺丝箱体4幅宽1m，波形导流板17为正弦波导流板，板厚1mm，波峰到波谷宽度3.5mm，通过调节弹簧21及调节螺钉22调节导流板夹板间隙为2mm，空压机6气流量为500m3/h，纺丝材料为pp6820(熔体流动速率2000g/10min)，熔体计量泵3温度设定为185℃，纺丝箱体流道温度230℃，夹板18及导流板17设定温度为260℃，气流速度150m-200m/s，气流加热装置5调定温度280℃，上电极板7距离纺丝箱体间距50mm，电压30Kv，上电极板7同下电极板8间距400mm，下电极板8电压65Kv，导向风刀10气流速度80m/s，温度80℃，熔体流量0.4Kg/min，可以批量得到1微米以下的细丝。An embodiment is shown in Fig. 1, 2, 5, and extruder 1 adopts screw rod diameter to be 65mm, and filter screen 2 is 240 orders, and spinning box body 4 widths are 1m, and corrugated deflector 17 is a sine wave deflector, plate The thickness is 1mm, the width from the peak to the trough is 3.5mm, the gap between the deflector splints is adjusted to 2mm by adjusting the spring 21 and the adjusting screw 22, the air flow of the air compressor 6 is 500m 3 /h, and the spinning material is pp6820 (melt flow rate 2000g /10min), the temperature of the melt metering pump 3 is set to 185°C, the temperature of the spinning box flow path is 230°C, the set temperature of the splint 18 and the deflector 17 is 260°C, the air velocity is 150m-200m/s, and the airflow is heated The temperature of the device 5 is set at 280°C, the distance between the upper electrode plate 7 and the spinning box is 50mm, the voltage is 30Kv, the distance between the upper electrode plate 7 and the lower electrode plate 8 is 400mm, the voltage of the lower electrode plate 8 is 65Kv, and the airflow speed of the guide air knife 10 is 80m/ s, the temperature is 80°C, the melt flow rate is 0.4Kg/min, and filaments below 1 micron can be obtained in batches.
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