CN103449437A - Method for producing calcium carbide by biomass fuel - Google Patents
Method for producing calcium carbide by biomass fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN103449437A CN103449437A CN2013103785610A CN201310378561A CN103449437A CN 103449437 A CN103449437 A CN 103449437A CN 2013103785610 A CN2013103785610 A CN 2013103785610A CN 201310378561 A CN201310378561 A CN 201310378561A CN 103449437 A CN103449437 A CN 103449437A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing calcium carbide by a biomass fuel. The method comprises the following steps: by taking a strip-like biomass fuel raw material and a powdery calcium-containing raw material, burning volatile components generated by coking the biomass fuel raw material and oxygen-containing gases to supply heat to the calcium-containing raw material; then, preparing calcium carbide by solid carbon generated by coking and the calcium-containing raw material at 1700-2100 DEG C. By adopting the strip-like biomass fuel to replace a powdery carbon-containing raw material, the biomass fuel is relatively low in density and low in coking temperature and is fully coked at 300-500 DEG C, so that energy consumed for preparing the biomass fuel is saved. By adopting the powdery raw material, the contact area of reactants is increased, so that the reaction is fully carried out, thereby improving the reaction capacity and the raw material utilization ratio. The process is further coupled with the processes of coking the carbon-containing raw material and burning the calcium-containing raw material, and the volatile components generated by coking the biomass fuel, a byproduct CO produced by calcium carbide and an auxiliary fuel are burnt to preheat and calcine the calcium-containing raw material to 500-1500 DEG C, thereby not only realizing full utilization of the raw material, but also reducing oxygen consumption and energy consumption of the process in production of calcium carbide.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the calcium carbide production field, be specifically related to a kind of method that biomass fuel is produced calcium carbide.
Background technology
Carbide of calcium (CaC
2), be commonly called as calcium carbide, be described as the mother of organic synthesis before the middle of last century.Calcium carbide, as main intermediates of Coal Clean, is widely used in the Organic chemical products such as synthetic benzene, rubber, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetylene.Industrial general use electric furnace smelting process (electric heating process) is produced calcium carbide with the hot method of oxygen.
The general electric heating process that adopt of modern industry production are produced calcium carbide more.Electric furnace smelting process is the electric furnace melting that coke and calcium oxide (molecular formula CaO) are placed in to 2200 ℃ of left and right, generates carbide of calcium (molecular formula CaC
2).Unslaked lime and carbon raw material (coke, hard coal or refinery coke), in furnace of calcium carbide, rely on high arc temperature fusing reaction and the generation calcium carbide.Entrance or pipeline by the electric furnace upper end add compound in electric furnace, in open or airtight electric furnace, are heated to 2000 ℃ of left and right, and according to following formula, reaction generates calcium carbide: GaO+3C → CaC
2+ CO.The carbide of calcium melted from furnace bottom takes out, after cooling, fragmentation as finished product packing.But it is very high that the deadly defect of this production method is energy consumption, and seriously polluted.For save energy, reduce costs and alleviate the pollution to environment, utilizing refuse to reduce raw materials cost is one of important means improved electric heating process calcium carbide production efficiency.2000, it was raw material that China's patent (CNl313243A) proposes to adopt brown coal, long-flame coal and raw coal to replace source of goods metallurgical coke in short supply, expensive.
The hot method of oxygen of rising afterwards is the hot method melting of collection rich-oxygen of blast furnace oxygen CaC
2extract charcoal, high-temperature low-pressure producer gas generator in (calcium carbide), Wingdale in one.This stove three is used Technology, makes CaC
2production has fully utilized waste heat and the coal ash in the coal gasification course, and coal ash generates CaC after adding the batching melting
2with purification CaC
2the time obtain ferrosilicon; " high-temperature low-pressure " producer gas generator, make the product (sending out) of coal gas give birth to naturalization.One ton of 80%CaC of every melting
2, extract pure charcoal 168kg left and right from Wingdale, produce coal gas (CO is 55%-95%) 6000-2600m
3, can produce the methyl alcohol of 4.5 tons of left and right.Oxygen enrichment has not only improved furnace temperature but also has improved the CO quality of coal gas, and oxygen is dual-purpose particularly at one stroke, and the coal gas after coal heat energy utilizes, for Coal Chemical Industry or clean electric power generation.The CaC that this technique is no consumption energy type and pollution-free
2produce and gas production.
The hot method of traditional electric heating process and oxygen all adopts fixed-bed reactor, can only use block raw material (3-20cm) to guarantee product C O gas purging, avoids air-flow freely not cause " collapsing bed ".Yet the reaction area of block raw material is little, and speed of reaction is slow, the residence time in stove is long, throughput is little, and energy consumption of unit product is high.Therefore in traditional calcium carbide production process, the partly cause of " high investment, high energy consumption, high pollution " is to adopt block raw material, electric arc heat-supplying mode and by product CO not to be fully used.
In recent years, along with the fast development of world economy, petroleum resources are day by day rare, and the carbide acetylene method route shows price advantage again.But producing calcium carbide carbon raw material used is mainly the ore of coal and so on, scarcity also occurred now.And it is also unbalanced that the production technology of calcium carbide worldwide develops.The U.S. is the country of suitability for industrialized production calcium carbide the earliest. Germany is the comparatively flourishing country of calcium carbide production technology in the world.Have the furnace of calcium carbide of capacity maximum in the world; And, for most developing countries, the calcium carbide production technology is also quite backward, with regard to China, although very large improvement has been arranged in recent years, the calcium carbide industry still shows the situation of " high energy consumption, high investment, high pollution, low comprehensive output ".The calcium carbide industry will develop in a healthy way and must carry out technical renovation, reaches target energy-conservation, that lower consumption, reduce discharging, realizes the circulation of resource, efficient, environmental protection utilization.
Summary of the invention
Aim of the present invention is the problem that solves " high investment, high energy consumption, high pollution " in calcium carbide production, the contriver, by a large amount of research and performing creative labour, has developed the calcium carbide production method that a kind of technique is simple, energy consumption is little, raw material sources are extensive, cost is low.
Described method is mixed the solid carbon after the coking of strip biomass fuel and calcic raw material, and the volatile combustion preheating calcic raw material produced during by the biomass fuel coking before mixing, produces calcium carbide.
The granularity that the biomass fuel raw material length that described method is used is 2-10mm and Powdered calcic raw material is less than 1mm.
The biomass fuel raw material that is 2-10mm by length and the granularity calcic raw material below 1mm, be placed in respectively two feeders with the mass ratio of 1:0.9-1.1.Strip biomass fuel raw material carries out coking under 280-500 ℃, and the by product CO burning of the volatile matter of coking gained and calcium carbide production can make temperature of reaction be controlled at 1750-1950 ℃, thereby gives the preheating heat supply of calcic raw material.Then the solid carbon of coking gained and calcic raw material are mixed.After mixing, logical trace oxygen or oxygen rich gas make mixture temperature reach 1700-2100 ℃, and reaction 0.1-10 minute, generate calcium carbide.
Described biomass fuel raw material is stalk, rice husk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, corn cob, oil tea shell, cotton seed hulls and " three surplus things " biomass fuel that process processing produces, and the calcic raw material is calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or carbide slag or several mixing.
Biomass fuel is sulfur-bearing phosphorus not, does not corrode boiler, but the work-ing life of prolonged boiler, and enterprise is by benefited a great deal.Due to biomass fuel sulfur-bearing phosphorus not, do not produce sulfurous gas and Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES during burning, thereby can not cause acid rain to produce, atmosphere pollution, not free from environmental pollution.In addition, the biomass fuel sanitation and hygiene, feed intake conveniently, reduces workman's labour intensity, greatly improved work situation, and enterprise will reduce the cost for the labor force aspect.
The mass ratio of biomass fuel raw material and calcic raw material is 1:0.9-1.1, optimum quality ratio 1:0.92.
Described oxygen-containing gas is oxygen, oxygen-rich air or air.
After after described coking, solid carbon and Powdered calcic raw material mix, be preheated to 500-1500 ℃.
Describedly hanker in advance by product CO and the auxiliary fuel that volatile matter that pre-heating fuel used is the biomass fuel coking and calcium carbide are produced, hankering in advance oxygenant used is oxygen or air.
The volume ratio of described pre-heating fuel and air is 1:4-5.
Preheating not only can reduce the consumption of carbon raw material in subsequent reactions, improves the calcium carbide purity in product, can also reduce the oxygen consumption of reaction.Hanker in advance pre-heating fuel used and comprise the volatile matter of biomass fuel coking and the by product CO that calcium carbide is produced, auxiliary fuel comprises geseous fuel.Contain the part inflammable substance in the volatile gases that the coking of carbon raw material produces, the directly emptying waste that causes the energy.The by product that CO produces as calcium carbide, its emptying meeting causes atmospheric pollution, and the cost of its chemical utilization projected depth desulfurization and transportation problem is high.The present invention, using this two portions gas as pre-heating fuel, had both prevented the pollution of air, had effectively utilized again energy, killed two birds with one stone.
The present invention has advantages of:
With traditional calcium carbide production method, compare, carbon raw material of the present invention has been selected new eco-friendly power source---biomass fuel.Raw material sources are wide, contaminative is low, utilization ratio is high, speed of reaction is fast, coking temperature is low, throughput is large.
Adopt the biomass fuel of strip to replace pulverous carbon raw material.The density of biomass fuel is lower, and coking temperature is low, in the time of 300-500 ℃ coking just very complete, the mechanical energy consumption that can save processing biological fuel in early stage.Adopt pulverous raw material to increase the contact surface of reactant, make sufficient reacting carry out, improved the utilization ratio of response capacity and raw material.
The volatile matter of biomass fuel coking and calcium carbide are produced by product CO combustion heat supplying, make energy consumption of reaction reduce, and have improved the utilization ratio of raw material.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The wheat stalk of the Soil Development in Huaibei Plain that is 6mm by 230 gram length is sent in preheater and is heated to 350-500 ℃ of coking, and the solid carbon after coking is separated with volatile matter.Volatile matter and last by product CO and oxygen rich gas pass into the CaO dust-firing preheater that 120 gram particle footpaths are 0.65mm are housed, solid carbon is mixed with CaO after preheating, pass into 60L oxygen and spray into reactor, make raw material reach 1750-2100 ℃, reaction 10min is cooled to normal temperature.If transformation efficiency is 100%, estimate that obtaining the solid product quality is 137 grams.The reaction that generates calcium carbide is reversible.The transformation efficiency of CaO is generally at 65-70%, and the solid masses obtained is actual should be at the 131-132 gram.
Embodiment 2
Be heated to 300-500 ℃ of coking in the corn cob reactor that is 5mm by 210 gram length, the solid carbon after coking is separated with volatile matter.After volatile matter and last by product CO and oxygen rich gas pass into the CaO dust-firing preheating that 130 gram particle footpaths are 0.65mm are housed, solid carbon is mixed with CaO after preheating, pass into 65L oxygen and spray into reactor, make raw material reach 1750-2100 ℃, reaction 10min is cooled to normal temperature.If transformation efficiency is 100%, estimate that obtaining the solid product quality is 148.6 grams.The same transformation efficiency according to CaO is generally at 65-70%, and the solid masses obtained is actual should be at the 142-143 gram.
With traditional calcium carbide production method, compare, carbon containing of the present invention has been selected new eco-friendly power source---biomass fuel.Biomass fuel differs also with regard to 10% containing carbon mass fraction with respect to coke.And the biomass fuel raw material sources are wide, contaminative is low, utilization ratio is high, speed of reaction is fast, coking temperature is low, throughput is large.
Adopt the biomass fuel of strip to replace pulverous carbon raw material.The density of biomass fuel is lower, and coking temperature is low, in the time of 300-500 ℃ coking just very complete, the mechanical energy consumption that can save processing biological fuel in early stage.Adopt pulverous calcic raw material to increase the contact surface of reactant, make sufficient reacting carry out, improved the utilization ratio of response capacity and raw material.
The volatile matter of biomass fuel coking and calcium carbide are produced by product CO combustion heat supplying, make energy consumption of reaction reduce, and have improved the utilization ratio of raw material.
Claims (7)
1. a biomass fuel is produced the method for calcium carbide, it is characterized in that: by the coking of strip biomass fuel, the by product CO that the volatile matter produced and calcium carbide are produced and auxiliary fuel burning are for preheating calcic raw material, again the solid carbon after the biomass fuel coking and calcic raw material are mixed, after mixing, logical trace oxygen or oxygen rich gas at high temperature react for some time mixture, finally obtain calcium carbide.
2. the method that a kind of biomass fuel according to claim 1 is produced calcium carbide, it is characterized in that: the length of biomass fuel raw material is at 2-10mm, the granularity of calcic raw material is below 1mm, the two mass ratio with 1:0.9-1.1 is placed in respectively two feeders, strip biomass fuel raw material carries out coking under 280-500 ℃, the by product CO burning of the volatile matter of coking gained and calcium carbide production can make temperature of reaction be controlled at 1750-1950 ℃, thereby give the calcic raw material preheating, then, the solid carbon of coking gained and calcic raw material are mixed, after mixing, logical trace oxygen or oxygen rich gas make mixture temperature reach 1700-2100 ℃, reaction 0.1-10 minute, generate calcium carbide.
3. the method that a kind of biomass fuel according to claim 1 is produced calcium carbide, it is characterized in that: described biomass fuel raw material is stalk, rice husk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, corn cob, oil tea shell, cotton seed hulls and " three surplus things " biomass fuel that process processing produces, and the calcic raw material is calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or carbide slag or several mixing.
4. the method that a kind of biomass fuel according to claim 1 is produced calcium carbide, it is characterized in that: described oxygen rich gas is oxygen, oxygen-rich air or air.
5. the method that a kind of biomass fuel according to claim 1 is produced calcium carbide is characterized in that: after after described coking, solid carbon and powder calcic raw material mix, be preheated to 500-1500 ℃.
6. the method that a kind of biomass fuel according to claim 1 is produced calcium carbide, it is characterized in that: by product CO and auxiliary fuel that the volatile matter that to hanker in advance pre-heating fuel used be the biomass fuel coking and calcium carbide are produced, hankering in advance oxygenant used is oxygen or air.
7. the method that a kind of biomass fuel according to claim 1 is produced calcium carbide, it is characterized in that: the volume ratio of described pre-heating fuel and air is 1:4-5.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015027644A1 (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-05 | 北京化工大学 | Method and device for producing calcium carbide from biomass fuel |
| CN105293495A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-02-03 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Flash smelting furnace for calcium carbide and system |
| CN114229879A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-03-25 | 张文斌 | Industrialized negative carbon emission biomass energy utilization technology BECCU method |
Citations (6)
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| JPS54124899A (en) * | 1978-03-22 | 1979-09-28 | Sankyo Yuki Kk | Treatment of waste matter |
| CN101327928A (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2008-12-24 | 北京化工大学 | Calcium carbide production method |
| CN101696010A (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2010-04-21 | 国科瑞德(北京)能源科技发展有限公司 | Clustered-cell type calcium carbide furnace burden |
| CN101830464A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-15 | 山西亿众公用事业有限公司 | Technique for producing calcium carbide and cogeneration by two-stage method and device thereof |
| WO2010105385A1 (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-23 | Bayer Technology Services Gmbh | Coal gasification with additional production of useful materials |
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2013
- 2013-08-27 CN CN2013103785610A patent/CN103449437A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54124899A (en) * | 1978-03-22 | 1979-09-28 | Sankyo Yuki Kk | Treatment of waste matter |
| CN101327928A (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2008-12-24 | 北京化工大学 | Calcium carbide production method |
| WO2010105385A1 (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-23 | Bayer Technology Services Gmbh | Coal gasification with additional production of useful materials |
| CN101696010A (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2010-04-21 | 国科瑞德(北京)能源科技发展有限公司 | Clustered-cell type calcium carbide furnace burden |
| CN101830464A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-15 | 山西亿众公用事业有限公司 | Technique for producing calcium carbide and cogeneration by two-stage method and device thereof |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| GUODONG LI ETAL: "Production of Calcium Carbide from Fine Biochars", 《ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE》, 31 December 2010 (2010-12-31) * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015027644A1 (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-05 | 北京化工大学 | Method and device for producing calcium carbide from biomass fuel |
| CN105293495A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-02-03 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Flash smelting furnace for calcium carbide and system |
| CN105293495B (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2017-11-21 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Calcium carbide flash smelting furnace and system |
| CN114229879A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-03-25 | 张文斌 | Industrialized negative carbon emission biomass energy utilization technology BECCU method |
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Application publication date: 20131218 |