Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, provide a kind of fill a prescription simple, blast performance is excellent, product shelf-stable, there is certain water repelling property, production technique intrinsic safety is high, production capacity is large, energy consumption is little and with low cost Powdery emulsion ammonium nitrate explosive.
For achieving the above object, the technology used in the present invention means are: a kind of Powdery emulsion ammonium nitrate explosive, comprise with the following composition of mass percent mixing: ammonium nitrate 89 ~ 95, SODIUMNITRATE 0 ~ 5.5, oil phase material 3 ~ 5, alkyl imidazoline emulsifying salt agent 1.5 ~ 2.5, water 0.1 ~ 0.3; Wherein, the mixture of ammonium nitrate or ammonium nitrate and SODIUMNITRATE forms oxygenant, oil phase material and alkyl imidazoline emulsifying salt agent composition combustible agent, and by emulsification, liquid-phase mixing, spraying dry forms a kind of uniform oily peritectic explosive composition.
Further, described oil phase material adopts saturated branched alkane derivative.
Further, described saturated branched alkane derivative refers to one or more mixing of SEMI-REFINED PARAFFIN WAX, ceresine, compound wax, machine oil.
Further, described alkyl imidazoline salt emulsifying agent refers to: dodecenylsuccinic acid 17 alkenyl imidazoline salt T-703 or alkylphosphonic acid carboxylic acid imidazoline salt T-708.
Further, described by emulsification, liquid-phase mixing, spraying dry forms a kind of uniform oily peritectic explosive composition, and concrete operation step is as follows:
The first step: ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE and water are added vessel in heating and dissolve, when heating temperatures is to 135 DEG C, dissolve complete, heat preservation for standby use at 135 DEG C ~ 138 DEG C;
Second step: oil phase material is joined container together with alkyl imidazoline salt emulsifying agent, is heated to 100 DEG C and melts completely to it, form uniform oil phase, heat preservation for standby use at 100 DEG C ~ 120 DEG C;
3rd step: fixed by the container containing oil phase, load onto stirring rake, at rotating speed 850rmin
-1~ 1100rmin
-1under whipped state, aqueous phase material is joined in oil phase material, after reinforced, continue to stir 1min, obtain the finely dispersed pasty mixture of two-phase;
4th step: pasty mixture prepared by the 3rd step is joined in the insulation hold tank of spraying plant, when compressor reaches pressure 0.2MPa ~ 0.3MPa, open compressed-air actuated stopping valve and hold tank baiting valve, make pasty mixture spray into loading head by Venturi tube, feed rate is 10kgmin
-1~ 15kgmin
-1;
5th step: by the pulverulent mixture collected from loading head in loft drier, 60 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C dry 1h, then dress up powder stick with filling powdery explosives machine, powder-charge temperature < 40 DEG C.
Further, in step 3, liquid-phase mixing is that discontinuous, semi continuous or continous way are produced.
Further, the spraying plant in step 4 comprises the air compressor, gas connection pipe, Venturi tube and the loading head that connect successively, and is arranged on stopping valve on gas connection pipe and is arranged on the hold tank in Venturi tube.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention embodies in the following areas: formula is simple, adopt the agent of alkyl imidazoline emulsifying salt, do not need very high shearing resistance, oxygenant and combustible agent just can be made to reach a kind of oil-in-water-type or weak Water in Oil emulsion dispersion system, because its viscosity is little, be convenient to flowing and the conveying of material, moisture is easy to remove, facilitate follow-up spraying to become the smooth enforcement of powder, air stream drying, blast performance is excellent, product shelf-stable, there is certain water repelling property; Venturi tube is adopted to spray into powder, the vacuum gravitation that compressed air stream produces in Venturi tube makes streams be drawn out of by negative pressure, mixture does not need to increase the handling equipment of liquid pump or spiral pump and so on, and the energy consumption in production process is little, and production technique intrinsic safety is high, production capacity is large, with low cost.
Embodiment
A kind of Powdery emulsion ammonium nitrate explosive, comprises with the following composition of mass percent mixing: ammonium nitrate 89 ~ 95, SODIUMNITRATE 0 ~ 5.5, oil phase material 3 ~ 5, alkyl imidazoline emulsifying salt agent 1.5 ~ 2.5, water 0.1 ~ 0.3; Wherein, the mixture of ammonium nitrate or ammonium nitrate and SODIUMNITRATE forms oxygenant, oil phase material and alkyl imidazoline emulsifying salt agent composition combustible agent, and by emulsification, liquid-phase mixing, spraying dry forms a kind of uniform oily peritectic explosive composition.
Further, described oil phase material adopts saturated branched alkane derivative.
Further, described saturated branched alkane derivative refers to one or more mixing of SEMI-REFINED PARAFFIN WAX, ceresine, compound wax, machine oil.
Further, described alkyl imidazoline salt emulsifying agent refers to: dodecenylsuccinic acid 17 alkenyl imidazoline salt T-703 or alkylphosphonic acid carboxylic acid imidazoline salt T-708.
Further, described by emulsification, liquid-phase mixing, spraying dry forms a kind of uniform oily peritectic explosive composition, and concrete operation step is as follows:
The first step: ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE and water are added vessel in heating and dissolve, when heating temperatures is to 135 DEG C, dissolve complete, heat preservation for standby use at 135 DEG C ~ 138 DEG C;
Second step: oil phase material is joined container together with alkyl imidazoline salt emulsifying agent, is heated to 100 DEG C and melts completely to it, form uniform oil phase, heat preservation for standby use at 100 DEG C ~ 120 DEG C;
3rd step: fixed by the container containing oil phase, load onto stirring rake, at rotating speed 850rmin
-1~ 1100rmin
-1under whipped state, aqueous phase material is joined in oil phase material, after reinforced, continue to stir 1min, obtain the finely dispersed pasty mixture of two-phase;
4th step: pasty mixture prepared by the 3rd step is joined in the insulation hold tank of spraying plant, when compressor reaches pressure 0.2MPa ~ 0.3MPa, open compressed-air actuated stopping valve and hold tank baiting valve, make pasty mixture spray into loading head by Venturi tube, feed rate is 10kgmin
-1~ 15kgmin
-1;
5th step: by the pulverulent mixture collected from loading head in loft drier, 60 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C dry 1h, then dress up powder stick with filling powdery explosives machine, powder-charge temperature < 40 DEG C.
Further, in step 3, liquid-phase mixing is that discontinuous, semi continuous or continous way are produced.
As shown in Figure 1, the spraying plant in step 4 comprises the air compressor 1, gas connection pipe 2, Venturi tube 3 and the loading head 4 that connect successively, and the hold tank 6 being arranged on stopping valve on gas connection pipe 25 and being arranged in Venturi tube 3.
Employing liquid-phase mixing technique prepares oxygenant and combustible agent mixture can reach high dispersing state, adopts Venturi tube spraying drying powder-forming Technology to reduce power consumption, improve the intrinsic safety of production process.
The emulsified powdered nitramon that the present invention relates to refers to, by emulsifying process, oxygenant and combustible agent is formed a kind of milk sap dispersion system (a kind of oil-in-water-type or weak water-in-oil-type), then it is made to slough moisture by drying process with atomizing, and be dispersed into tiny micro powder granule, the explosive composition of certain density is reached finally by powder charge.This dispersion system adopts Venturi tube spraying, and the milk sap dispersion system formed is easy to into powder in spray process, and moisture is easy to remove.In spray process, compressed air stream forms vacuum gravitation at venturi throat, make material easily and air-flow mix, streams is drawn out of by negative pressure, does not need the handling equipment such as liquid pump or spiral pump.The power that spray art consumes is less, and intrinsic safety is higher.
embodiment 1:
The raw material producing 10kg emulsified powdered nitramon used is as follows:
Ammonium nitrate 8.4kg(84.0%)
SODIUMNITRATE 0.5kg(5.0%)
Water 0.6kg(6.0%)
SEMI-REFINED PARAFFIN WAX (No. 58) 0.2kg(2.0%)
Ceresine (No. 75) 0.1kg(1.0%)
T-7030.2kg(2.0%)
Produce emulsified powdered nitramon concrete operation step as follows:
The first step: ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE and water are added vessel in heating and dissolve, and be warmed up to 135 DEG C;
Second step: by SEMI-REFINED PARAFFIN WAX, ceresine and T-703 heat fused, and be warmed up to 100 DEG C;
3rd step: (850rmin under whipped state
-1) aqueous phase material joined in oil phase material mix, then stir 1min, form uniform pasty mixture;
4th step: the pasty mixture the 3rd step prepared forms powder type explosive mixture (feed rate 10kgmin through the spraying plant shown in Fig. 1
-1, stream pressure 0.2MPa);
5th step: powder type explosive mixture in loft drier (60 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C) dry 1h obtained by the 4th step, then dresses up powder stick with filling powdery explosives machine.
When charge diameter is 35mm, charge density is 0.92gcm
-3time, the moisture content of explosive composition is 0.20%, records product blast performance to be: explosion velocity 3580ms
-1, induced detonation 12cm, capacity for work 336ml.
embodiment 2:
The raw material producing 10kg emulsified powdered nitramon used is as follows:
Ammonium nitrate 8.70kg(87.0%)
SODIUMNITRATE 0.2kg(2.0%)
Water 0.60kg(6.0%)
SEMI-REFINED PARAFFIN WAX (No. 58) 0.20kg(2.0%)
Ceresine (No. 75) 0.05kg(0.5%)
Machine oil (No. 20) 0.10kg(1.0%)
T-7030.15kg(1.5%)
Produce emulsified powdered nitramon concrete operation step and experiment condition with embodiment 1.
When charge diameter is 35mm, charge density is 0.95gcm
-3, when the moisture content of explosive composition is 0.20%, recording product blast performance is: explosion velocity 3960ms
-1, induced detonation 13cm, capacity for work 341ml.
embodiment 3:
The raw material producing 10kg emulsified powdered nitramon used is as follows:
Ammonium nitrate 8.90kg(89.0%)
Water 0.60kg(6.0%)
Compound wax (MF-1) 0.35kg(3.5%)
T-7080.15kg(1.5%)
Produce emulsified powdered nitramon concrete operation step and experiment condition with embodiment 1.
When charge diameter is 35mm, charge density is 0.95gcm
-3, when the moisture content of explosive composition is 0.20%, recording product blast performance is: explosion velocity 4050ms
-1, induced detonation 12cm, capacity for work 345ml.
embodiment 4:
The raw material producing 10kg emulsified powdered nitramon used is as follows:
Ammonium nitrate 8.4kg(84.0%)
SODIUMNITRATE 0.5kg(5.0%)
Water 0.6kg(6.0%)
Compound wax (MF-1) 0.3kg(3.0%)
T-7030.2kg(2.0%)
Produce emulsified powdered nitramon concrete operation step as follows:
The first step: ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE and water are added vessel in heating and dissolve, and be warmed up to 135 DEG C;
Second step: by compound wax (MF-1) and T-703 heat fused, and be warmed up to 100 DEG C;
3rd step: (1100rmin under whipped state
-1) aqueous phase material joined in oil phase material mix, then stir 1min, form uniform pasty mixture;
4th step: the pasty mixture the 3rd step prepared forms powder type explosive mixture (feed rate 15kgmin through the spraying plant shown in Fig. 1
-1, stream pressure 0.3MPa);
5th step: powder type explosive mixture in loft drier (60 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C) dry 1h obtained by the 4th step, then dresses up powder stick with filling powdery explosives machine.
When charge diameter is 35mm, charge density is 0.95gcm
-3time, the moisture content of explosive composition is 0.20%, records product blast performance to be: explosion velocity 4280ms
-1, induced detonation 12cm, capacity for work 341ml.
embodiment 5:
The raw material producing 10kg emulsified powdered nitramon used is as follows:
Ammonium nitrate 8.4kg(84.0%)
SODIUMNITRATE 0.5kg(5.0%)
Water 0.6kg(6.0%)
Compound wax (MF-1) 0.3kg(3.0%)
T-7080.2kg(2.0%)
Produce emulsified powdered nitramon concrete operation step as follows:
The first step: ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE and water are added vessel in heating and dissolve, and be warmed up to 135 DEG C;
Second step: by compound wax (MF-1) and T-708 heat fused, and be warmed up to 100 DEG C;
3rd step: (1100rmin under whipped state
-1) aqueous phase material joined in oil phase material mix, then stir 1min, form uniform pasty mixture;
4th step: the pasty mixture the 3rd step prepared forms powder type explosive mixture (feed rate 15kgmin through the spraying plant shown in Fig. 1
-1, stream pressure 0.3MPa);
5th step: powder type explosive mixture in loft drier (60 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C) dry 1h obtained by the 4th step, then dresses up powder stick with filling powdery explosives machine.
When charge diameter is 35mm, charge density is 0.95gcm
-3time, the moisture content of explosive composition is 0.20%, records product blast performance to be: explosion velocity 4350ms
-1, induced detonation 12cm, capacity for work 345ml.
embodiment 6:
The raw material producing 10kg emulsified powdered nitramon used is as follows:
Ammonium nitrate 8.90kg(89.0%)
Water 0.60kg(6.0%)
Compound wax (MF-1) 0.35kg(3.5%)
T-7030.15kg(1.5%)
Produce emulsified powdered nitramon concrete operation step as follows:
The first step: ammonium nitrate and water are added vessel in heating and dissolve, and be warmed up to 135 DEG C;
Second step: by compound wax (MF-1) and T-703 heat fused, and be warmed up to 100 DEG C;
3rd step: (1100rmin under whipped state
-1) aqueous phase material joined in oil phase material mix, then stir 1min, form uniform pasty mixture;
4th step: the pasty mixture the 3rd step prepared forms powder type explosive mixture (feed rate 15kgmin through the spraying plant shown in Fig. 1
-1, stream pressure 0.3Pa);
5th step: powder type explosive mixture in loft drier (60 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C) dry 1h obtained by the 4th step, then dresses up powder stick with filling powdery explosives machine.
When charge diameter is 35mm, charge density is 0.96gcm
-3time, the moisture content of explosive composition is 0.20%, records product blast performance to be: explosion velocity 4560ms
-1, induced detonation 12cm, capacity for work 348ml.
Can be found out by above-described embodiment, the present invention fills a prescription simply, adopt the agent of alkyl imidazoline emulsifying salt, do not need very high shearing resistance, oxygenant and combustible agent just can be made to reach a kind of oil-in-water-type or weak Water in Oil emulsion dispersion system, because its viscosity is little, be convenient to flowing and the conveying of material, moisture is easy to remove, and facilitates follow-up spraying to become the smooth enforcement of powder, air stream drying, blast performance is excellent, product shelf-stable, has certain water repelling property; Venturi tube is adopted to spray into powder, the vacuum gravitation that compressed air stream produces in Venturi tube makes streams be drawn out of by negative pressure, mixture does not need to increase the handling equipment of liquid pump or spiral pump and so on, and the energy consumption in production process is little, and production technique intrinsic safety is high, production capacity is large, with low cost.