CN103391435A - Coding method for high dynamic range (HDR) image compatible with low dynamic range (LDR) and decoding method thereof - Google Patents
Coding method for high dynamic range (HDR) image compatible with low dynamic range (LDR) and decoding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coding method for a high dynamic range (HDR) image compatible with a low dynamic range (LDR). The method includes 1 converting an original HDR image into an LDR image through tone mapping conversion; 2 re-reading the LDR image obtained through the tone mapping conversion and conducting reverse tone mapping to obtain a processed HDR image; 3 converting the original HDR image and the processed HDR image from the RGB (red, green and blue) format into the YCbCr format respectively; 4 calculating the YCbCr component difference between the original HDR image converted into the YCbCr format and the processed HDR image to obtain redundancy information and conducting image compression on the redundancy information; 5 utilizing the compressed redundancy information as an application mark and storing the information into the LDR image obtained through the tone mapping conversion. By means of the method, the redundancy information is utilized as the application mark of the LDR image obtained through the tone mapping conversion and is stored, the information of the original HDR image is reflected truly, the HDR image can be normally displayed on an LDR display, and the effect that the HDR is compatible with the LDR can be achieved. A decoding method for the image is further disclosed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to image processing field, be specifically related to HDR method for encoding images and the coding/decoding method thereof of a kind of compatible LDR.
Background technology
HDR (High-Dynamic Range) image full name is high dynamic range images, and is different from the form of common picture-storage.Common JPEG, BMP picture all adopt 8 integer data to preserve single channel components, and as RGB, each component all adopts the data of 8 to preserve, 24 altogether of single pixels.The compare advantage of JPEG of HDR image is that each passage all adopts floating number to represent, each passage adopts 32 and stores, and makes the dynamic range of picture be able to maximum reservation.
The HDR image is due to advantageous characteristic such as its high-contrasts, as a direction of the development of image of future generation, by all circles, placed high hopes.But there are some difficulties in the popularization of HDR, comprises that the HDR Display Technique is immature etc., and to compare common JEPG picture much bigger but a larger challenge is memory space that HDR requires, and this has higher requirement to display device.And LDR (the Low-Dynamic Range that use in a large number at present, low-dynamic range) display is not supported the demonstration of HDR picture, make the HDR picture can't give play to its superiority on common LDR display, so the further extensive use of HDR image also is very limited.But because the HDR Display Technique is not yet fully universal at present, the HDR image is in the HDR Display Technique not yet before large-scale application, and the HDR coding that how to design compatible LDR display seems very necessary.
The current dual mode that mainly contains is preserved HDR information, what a kind of Ward of being put forward will append to the method for the header file of JPEG after the HDR Information Compression, the coding techniques that at first people such as G.Ward propose JPEG-HDR in 2005, make HDR to show on the LDR display with the form of JPEG picture, and the information of having preserved simultaneously HDR, specifically, the method that Ward adopts is after HDR is mapped as LDR JPEG picture, part HDR information is saved in the header file of JPEG, yet this method diminishes; Another kind be Taiwan's scholars Wu Jun continuous heavy rain propose with the HDR Information hiding to the method in the JPEG image data, and by manner of decryption, decode and hide Info to restore HDR.
The HDR picture that these two kinds of coding methods obtain can the JPEG form show at common LDR display.The mode of Ward is compared, and to be to hide the HDR information mode different for the maximum difference of Taiwan's scholars mode.It is fairly simple that the mode of Ward is preserved information comparatively speaking.A defect of Ward method is that the luminance component loss is larger.
Therefore, be necessary to provide a kind of validity high, the HDR method for encoding images of compatible good compatible LDR meets existing demand.
Summary of the invention
The HDR method for encoding images and the coding/decoding method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of compatible LDR, can show the HDR image truly on the LDR display, and have compatible preferably.
Therefore, the invention provides the HDR method for encoding images of a kind of compatible LDR, comprise the following steps: step 1: original HDR image is converted to the LDR image through tone mapping; Step 2: again read in the LDR image that is converted to through tone mapping and carry out negative tone mapping, the HDR image after being processed; Step 3: the HDR image after described original HDR image and described processing is converted to the YCbCr form from rgb format respectively; Step 4: calculate the original HDR image and the YCbCr component between the HDR image after processing that are converted to the YCbCr form poor, obtain redundant information and described redundant information is carried out image compression; Step 5: the redundant information after compressing is deposited into described in the LDR image that tone mapping is converted to as the application mark.
Preferably, the LDR image after described tone mapping conversion adopts the standard jpeg format to compress.
Preferably, the application mark of the LDR image of the jpeg format after described conversion has the indexing unit of APP0 to APP15, and in described step 5, the redundant data of compression is kept in the APP10 indexing unit.
Particularly, the conversion of described step 2 is carried out according to following formula: Y '=0.257*R '+0.504*G '+0.098*B '+16; Cb '=-0.148*R '-0.291*G '+0.439*B '+128; Cr '=0.439*R '-0.368*G '-0.071*B '+128, wherein R, G, B passage that gamma proofreaies and correct have been passed through in R ', G ', B ' expression.
Preferably, in described step 3, described redundancy adopts the JPEG2000 form to compress.
Preferably, described redundancy is when carrying out the JPEG2000 compression, and minimum value and the scope of the Y of described redundancy, Cb, Cr component are also compressed preservation as the JPEG2000 data in the lump.
Correspondingly, the present invention provides the coding/decoding method of the HDR method for encoding images of a kind of compatible LDR as above simultaneously, comprises the following steps: step 1: the data content that reads the LDR image; Step 2: read superfluous She's information from the application mark of LDR image, and described redundant information is decoded; Step 3: again reading in the LDR image, to carry out the negative tone Mapping and Converting be the HDR image; Step 4: HDR image and described redundant information are transformed into the YCbCr form from rgb format respectively; Step 5: according to the HDR image that is converted to the YCbCr form and redundant information, carry out the recovery of HDR image; Step 6: the HDR image that recovery is obtained is rgb format from the YCbCr format conversion, thereby obtains original HDR image.
Particularly, the conversion of described step 3 is according to following formula: R '=1.164* (Y '-16)+1.596* (Cr '-128), G '=1.164* (Y '-16)-0.813* (Cr '-128)-0.392* (Cb '-128), B '=1.164* (Y '-16)+2.017* (Cb '-128).
Compared with prior art, the HDR method for encoding images of compatible LDR of the present invention, in cataloged procedure, poor redundant information is carried out image compression with being converted to the original HDR image of YCbCr form and the YCbCr component between the HDR image after the mapping of tone mapping, negative tone is processed, and as the application mark of JPEG, be deposited in the LDR image that tone mapping is converted to, can more completely preserve truly the HDR image information, make the HDR image normally show on the LDR display undistortedly, realize the compatibility of HDR to LDR.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the HDR method for encoding images of the compatible LDR of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the HDR method for encoding images of the compatible LDR of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of coding/decoding method of the HDR method for encoding images of the compatible LDR of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of coding/decoding method of the HDR method for encoding images of compatible LDR shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making all other embodiment that obtain under the creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
With reference to figure 1, the invention provides the HDR method for encoding images of a kind of compatible LDR, comprise the following steps:
Step S001: original HDR image is converted to the LDR image through tone mapping;
Step S002: again read in the LDR image that is converted to through tone mapping and carry out negative tone mapping, the HDR image after being processed;
Step S003: the HDR image after described original HDR image and described processing is converted to the YCbCr form from rgb format respectively;
Step S004: calculate the original HDR image and the YCbCr component between the HDR image after processing that are converted to the YCbCr form poor, obtain redundant information and described redundant information is carried out image compression;
Step S005: the redundant information after compressing is deposited into described in the LDR image that tone mapping is converted to as the application mark.
Preferably, in described step S001, the LDR image after described tone mapping conversion adopts the standard jpeg format to compress.
Preferably, described redundant information adopts the JPEG2000 form to compress.
Particularly, coordinate with reference to figure 2, at first original HDR picture HDRI is converted to LDR picture JPEG through tone mapping (Tone Mapping Operator, TMO)., in order to obtain redundant information, again read in the LDR picture JPEG that obtains after tone mapping
-1, with this LDR picture JPEG
-1Carry out the HDR image TMO after the negative tone mapping is processed
-1, with the HDR image TMO after original HDR image HDRI and processing
-1Carry out respectively the conversion of RGB2YCbCr color space, then calculate HDRI and TMO
-1YcbCr component poor, and the redundant information that will obtain is carried out the JPEG2000 compressed encoding, the application mark of data after compression as JPEG is deposited in the LDR picture JPEG that obtains previously,, as the part of jpeg file, finally obtains the picture JPEG-HDR of compatible LDR.Guaranteed that like this picture that newly obtains and Joint Photographic Experts Group keep compatible.
Preferably, the application mark of the LDR image of the jpeg format after described conversion has the indexing unit of APP0 to APP15, and the redundant data of compressing in described step S005 is kept in the APP10 indexing unit., in order to deposit redundant information in jpeg file, redundant information can be deposited in the application mark APPMarker of JPEG.The mark Marker type that Joint Photographic Experts Group provides " APP0 " to arrive " APP15 ".APP0 is used for preserving specific initialization string, and APP14 is used by Adobe, and APP8 also will be used by the SPIFF standard.The preferred APP10 of the embodiment of the present invention preserves redundant information.The data that can only preserve 65533bytes due to a mark Marker in addition, therefore must repeatedly declare same mark Marker.
, because YCC has obvious luminance component, therefore image is transformed into the YCC territory from RGB.For YCC is upheld, namely YcbCr and RGB are 0-255, and above-mentioned steps S002 is transformed into the conversion in YCC territory to carry out according to following formula from RGB: Y '=0.257*R '+0.504*G '+0.098*B '+16; Cb '=-0.148*R '-0.291*G '+0.439*B '+128; Cr '=0.439*R '-0.368*G '-0.071*B '+128, wherein R, G, B passage that gamma proofreaies and correct have been passed through in R ', G ', B ' expression.
Preferably, while calculating redundancy, with the Y of HDRI with the JPEG foreground data that reads, Cb, the Cr component subtracts each other, thereby obtains redundant information both.In order to restore more accurately HDRI, the embodiment of the present invention is also preserved the minimum value of three components of redundant information and scope in the lump as the JPEG2000 data simultaneously.
For the redundant information compression that will obtain, the embodiment of the present invention has preferably adopted JPEG2000 to compress it, understandably, also can adopt other Image Compression Coding Technologies.JPEG2000 is based on the Standard of image compression of wavelet transformation, by Joint Photographic Experts Group tissue, is created and is safeguarded.JPEG2000 has higher compression ratio than JPEG, and can not produce in the past the block ambiguity flaw that the Joint Photographic Experts Group based on the DCT technology produces.The JPEG2000 reference software comprises Jasper and kakadu etc., and comparatively speaking, Jasper has better readability, so the embodiment of the present invention has selected the Jasper storehouse to be used as the reference library of JEPG2000 compression redundancy.Because the JEPG2000 compression coding technology is familiar with by those skilled in the art, its specific implementation process is no longer launched to set forth here.
With reference to figure 3, correspondingly, the present invention provides the coding/decoding method of the HDR method for encoding images of a kind of compatible LDR as above simultaneously, comprises the following steps:
Step S101: the data content that reads the LDR image;
Step S102: read redundant information from the application mark of LDR image, and described redundant information is decoded;
Step S103: again reading in the LDR image and carrying out the negative tone Mapping and Converting is the HDR image;
Step S104: HDR image and described redundant information are transformed into the YCbCr form from rgb format respectively;
Step S105: according to the HDR image that is converted to the YCbCr form and redundant information, carry out the recovery of HDR image;
Step S106: the HDR image that recovery is obtained is rgb format from the YCbCr format conversion, thereby obtains original HDR image.
Wherein, the conversion of described step S103 is according to following formula: R '=1.164* (Y '-16)+1.596* (Cr '-128), G '=1.164* (Y '-16)-0.813* (Cr '-128)-0.392* (Cb '-128), B '=1.164* (Y '-16)+2.017* (Cb '-128).
Particularly, coordinate with reference to figure 4, during decoding, at first read compatible LDR picture JPEG-HDR image data content, read redundant information in the application mark App Maker from the header file of JPEG simultaneously, and it is carried out the JPEG2000 decoding.Again read in LDR image JPEG
-1And to carry out the negative tone Mapping and Converting be HDR image TMO
-1, with TMO
-1Picture carries out color space and is transformed into YcbCr, and redundant information also is transformed into YcbCr, restores the HDR data, then the data image that recovery obtains is changed by the color space that YCbCr arrives RGB, obtains finally original HDR image HDRI.
Compared with prior art, the HDR method for encoding images of compatible LDR of the present invention, in cataloged procedure, poor redundant information is carried out image compression with being converted to the original HDR image of YCbCr form and the YCbCr component between the HDR image after the mapping of tone mapping, negative tone is processed, and as the application mark of JPEG, be deposited in the LDR image that tone mapping is converted to, can more completely preserve truly the HDR image information, make the HDR image normally show on the LDR display, realize the compatibility of HDR to LDR.
HDR method for encoding images and the coding/decoding method thereof of the above compatible LDR that the embodiment of the present invention is provided, be described in detail, applied specific case in the present invention principle of the present invention and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously,, for one of ordinary skill in the art,, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the HDR method for encoding images of a compatible LDR, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: original HDR image is converted to the LDR image through tone mapping;
Step 2: again read in the LDR image that is converted to through tone mapping and carry out negative tone mapping, the HDR image after being processed;
Step 3: the HDR image after described original HDR image and described processing is converted to the YCbCr form from rgb format respectively;
Step 4: calculate the original HDR image and the YCbCr component between the HDR image after processing that are converted to the YCbCr form poor, obtain redundant information and described redundant information is carried out image compression;
Step 5: the redundant information after compressing is deposited into described in the LDR image that tone mapping is converted to as the application mark.
2. the HDR method for encoding images of compatible LDR as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 1, the LDR image after described tone mapping conversion adopts the standard jpeg format to compress.
3. the HDR method for encoding images of compatible LDR as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the application mark of the LDR image of the jpeg format after described conversion has the indexing unit of APP0 to APP15, and in described step 5, the redundant data of compression is kept in the APP10 indexing unit.
4. the HDR method for encoding images of compatible LDR as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the conversion of described step 2 is carried out according to following formula: Y '=0.257*R '+0.504*G '+0.098*B '+16; Cb '=-0.148*R '-0.291*G '+0.439*B '+128; Cr '=0.439*R '-0.368*G '-0.071*B '+128, wherein R, G, B passage that gamma proofreaies and correct have been passed through in R ', G ', B ' expression.
5. the HDR method for encoding images of compatible LDR as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 3, described redundancy adopts the JPEG2000 form to compress.
6. the HDR method for encoding images of compatible LDR as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described redundancy is when carrying out the JPEG2000 compression, and minimum value and the scope of the Y of described redundancy, Cb, Cr component are also compressed preservation as the JPEG2000 data in the lump.
7. the coding/decoding method of the HDR method for encoding images of a compatible LDR as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the data content that reads the LDR image;
Step 2: read redundant information from the application mark of LDR image, and described redundant information is decoded;
Step 3: again reading in the LDR image, to carry out the negative tone Mapping and Converting be the HDR image;
Step 4: HDR image and described redundant information are transformed into the YCbCr form from rgb format respectively;
Step 5: according to the HDR image that is converted to the YCbCr form and redundant information, carry out the recovery of HDR image;
Step 6: the HDR image that recovery is obtained is rgb format from the YCbCr format conversion, thereby obtains original HDR image.
8. the coding/decoding method of the HDR method for encoding images of compatible LDR as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the conversion of described step 3 is according to following formula: R '=1.164* (Y '-16)+1.596* (Cr '-128), G '=1.164* (Y '-16)-0.813* (Cr '-128)-0.392* (Cb '-128), B '=1.164* (Y '-16)+2.017* (Cb '-128).
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