CN103357696A - Production manufacturing process of large-diameter copper-nickel alloy seamless pipe - Google Patents
Production manufacturing process of large-diameter copper-nickel alloy seamless pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN103357696A CN103357696A CN2013103008585A CN201310300858A CN103357696A CN 103357696 A CN103357696 A CN 103357696A CN 2013103008585 A CN2013103008585 A CN 2013103008585A CN 201310300858 A CN201310300858 A CN 201310300858A CN 103357696 A CN103357696 A CN 103357696A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metal material processing, and relates to a production manufacturing process of a large-diameter copper-nickel alloy seamless pipe. According to the process, wall-reduction work is carried out when diameter expansion is carried out, such that the large-diameter copper-nickel alloy seamless pipe with an outer diameter of 190-419mm can be effectively produced with no pipe blank with a larger diameter.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the nonferrous materials processing technique field, especially relate to a kind of manufacture craft for the production of super-large diameter corronil seamless pipe.
[background technology]
Known, the corronil seamless pipe is a kind of take corronil as matrix, and is added with the compo pipe of the elements such as iron, manganese, because it presents the metallic luster of white, so the White Copper Tubes that is otherwise known as; Simultaneously, because corronil has good corrosion resistance and sea water resistance performance, and chemical composition stability, so it is widely used in the seawaterline, offshore oil platform, sea water desalinating unit on naval vessel and boats and ships with the fields such as heat exchanger of condenser, feed-water heater, distiller, oil cooler, distilled water device, namely the corronil seamless pipe has wide market prospects; Yet, owing to existing traditional handicraft for the production of the corronil seamless pipe only has following three kinds:
1. founding → sawing → extruding → sawing → pickling → vertical bar undergauge stretches (can multi-pass) → scale → sawing → eddy current inspection → annealing → enlacement packaging;
2. founding → sawing → extruding → sawing → pickling → rolling → scale sawing → vertical bar undergauge stretches (can multi-pass) → scale → sawing → eddy current inspection → annealing → enlacement packaging;
3. founding → sawing → extruding → sawing → aligning → tube rolling → dish draws (can multi-pass) → undergauge stretching/rewinding → annealing → packing;
Although these three kinds of techniques respectively have characteristics, but what the stretching link in its flow process adopted all is that undergauge stretches, therefore, from the specification size aspect of producing, more than three kinds of techniques in actual production, all be only applicable to produce diameter less than the corronil seamless pipe of 190mm, and be difficult to satisfy the production requirement of larger diameter size corronil seamless pipe, its reason is to carry out the undergauge stretching larger pipe support need to be arranged, and such technological requirement is being produced diameter greater than 190mm, difficult accomplishing when radius-thickness ratio is 48.5～92 major diameter corronil seamless pipe, it shows as on the operation complicated, be difficult to control, also can must cause the high of its production cost because of too much expending of raw material simultaneously, this is difficult acceptance for producer, namely at present the corronil seamless pipe product produced of traditional handicraft can't satisfying the market on the requirement of required larger diameter.
[summary of the invention]
In order to overcome the deficiency in the background technology, the invention discloses a kind of production process of major diameter corronil seamless pipe, described technique not only can to satisfy effectively major diameter corronil seamless pipe production requirement, and its operation is corresponding simple, raw material expends relatively low.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of production process of major diameter corronil seamless pipe, described processing step is as follows:
1, founding: adopt coreless induction furnace to carry out melting, melting out furnace temperature is 1240～1320 ℃, and casting speed is 1.2～3.5m/h, casts out the ingot casting of φ 360～410mm specification, and its chemical composition requires to meet GB5231-2012;
2, sawing: use sawing machine that ingot casting is carried out end to end sawing;
3, extruding: the pipe that extrudes into φ 200 * 10 mm～φ 280 * 10 mm; The ingot casting of heating is pushed in the recipient of extruder, and extrusion axis extrudes ingot casting and flows out through mould outlet, and the pipe of extruding cools off in air, will carry out the ingot casting decortication when extruding; Eject in the recipient again after to be extruded the finishing extruding copper sheet, press more than, fall into ash can; The heating-up temperature of extrusion process is 960～1060 ℃, and extrusion speed is 10～40mm/s, and extrusion ratio is 7～25, and pressing remaining thickness is 25～70mm;
4, sawing: use sawing machine that pipe is cut off end to end;
5, stretch: adopt 300 tons of hydraulic pressure hole enlargement stretching-machines to carry out hole enlargement and subtract the wall stretching; Require drawing-die and hole enlargement core print and core bar to be positioned at same axial line, and hole enlargement core print one end is made as the column type section, the other end is made as tapered section, and this column type section correspondence is positioned at the sizing section of drawing-die and the position of modular angle section handing-over, and this tapered section modular angle section with drawing-die is located at an in the same way side; The wall thickness Corresponding matching of the spacing between the inwall of the outer wall of described column type section and modular angle section and pipe, and this spacing dimension is greater than the spacing dimension of column type section outer wall with the sizing area of the corresponding formation of sizing section inwall; The outside socket of described core bar shaft one guide ring that is connected with tubing tail end to be processed place's caliber interference;
During operation: fix first drawing-die, again hole enlargement core print and core bar are linked together, then behind the position of accurately adjusting hole enlargement core print and drawing-die, core bar is fixed, and unload the hole enlargement core print; Next, tubing is placed in the core bar outside, and again loads onto the hole enlargement core print after by related device that core bar and tubing is fixing, make the corresponding tapered section outer wall socket with the hole enlargement core print of the head end place caliber of tubing; At this moment, ejector sleeve by the core bar outside promotes tubing and moves along tapered section outer wall of hole enlargement core print, thereby under the prerequisite of utilizing guide ring control tubing directly to spend, finish the hole enlargement operation, simultaneously, when tubing during by the gap between hole enlargement core print and the drawing-die, the wall thickness of tubing is affected to the pressure of little spacing transition by large spacing and is effectively subtracted wall;
6, intermediate annealing: adopt bright annealing furnace to anneal; Annealing process heating-up temperature: 680～790 ℃ of intermediate annealings, temperature retention time 90～140 minutes;
7, flaw detection: adopt the interpolation type core print to detect a flaw, require to meet the requirements of the customers;
8, finished products: the circularity that keeps tubing, make its circularity that satisfies tubing among the GB26291 – 2010 be not more than the requirement of nominal outside diameter 2%, then adopt bright annealing furnace to carry out the finished product bright annealing, 680～780 ℃ of finished products, temperature retention time 70～140 minutes, requiring final detection performance is Rm 〉=300Mpa, A 〉=30%, satisfies the requirement of GB26291 – 2010 " naval vessel corronil seamless pipe " fully;
9, packing: carry out on request finished product packing and deliver.
The production process of described major diameter corronil seamless pipe adopts the multi-pass hole enlargement to subtract wall in described 5 steps and stretch, and every time lengthening coefficient is 0.90～1.35.
The production process of described major diameter corronil seamless pipe, in described 5 steps, the material of drawing-die is Cr12MoV; The material of hole enlargement core print is T8A, and plated surface Cr.
The production process of described major diameter corronil seamless pipe, in described 5 steps, the drawing-die modular angle is 12～15 °; The column type segment length of hole enlargement core print is 15～20mm, and tapered section tapering is 9～12 °.
The production process of described major diameter corronil seamless pipe, in described 5 steps, column type section 4 outer walls of hole enlargement core print 2 are the sizing area of 5～6mm with the corresponding formation of sizing section 6 inwalls of drawing-die 1 length.
Because adopt aforesaid technical scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The production process operation of major diameter corronil seamless pipe of the present invention is simple, consumption of raw materials is less, described process using is carried out the method that hole enlargement stretches to tubing, and the wall thickness of tubing is reduced, and is that 190～419mm, radius-thickness ratio are the purpose of 48.5～92 major diameter corronil seamless pipe thereby be issued to effective production external diameter in the prerequisite that does not need the larger diameter pipe.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is that hole enlargement subtracts the schematic diagram that wall stretches among the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, drawing-die; 2, core print; 3, core bar; 4, column type section; 5, tapered section; 6, sizing section; 7, modular angle section; 8, guide ring; 9, tubing.
[specific embodiment]
Can explain in more detail the present invention by the following examples, disclose purpose of the present invention and be intended to protect all changes and improvements in the scope of the invention that the present invention is not limited to the following examples:
The production process of 1～2 described major diameter corronil seamless pipe by reference to the accompanying drawings, described technique core is to have adopted hole enlargement to subtract the method that wall stretches, and it is 12～15 ° drawing-die 1, hole enlargement core print 2 and core bar 3 that the mould that is used for implementing the method has comprised modular angle; Described drawing-die 1 is positioned at same axial line with core print 2 and core bar 3, thereby has effectively ensured that tubing 9 to be processed eccentric phenomena can not occur man-hour adding; Described core print 2 one ends are made as the column type section 4 that length is 15～20mm, the other end of core print 2 is made as length dimension greater than column type section 4 length dimensions, tapering is 9～12 ° tapered section 5, and namely tubing 9 to be processed can utilize the outer wall of 2 tapered sections 5 of core prints to reach the purpose of hole enlargement; Can access accurate location for making between core print 2 and the drawing-die 1, employing links together an end and the pull bar 3 of 2 tapered sections 5 minor diameters of core print, and make that tapered section 5 of core print 2 modular angle section 7 with drawing-die 1 is corresponding to be positioned at phase the same side, thereby the action that reaches by core bar 3 drives core print 2 was accurately entered and be positioned at drawing-die 1 nib relevant position by a side of drawing-die 1 modular angle section 7 purpose;
For when hole enlargement stretches, reaching the purpose that subtracts wall, employing is positioned at the sizing section 6 of drawing-die 1 and the position of modular angle section 7 handing-over with column type section 4 correspondences of core print 2, and the spacing between the inwall of the outer wall of column type section 4 and sizing section 6 is set to less than the spacing between column type section 4 outer walls and modular angle section 7 inwalls, be that the tube wall of tubing 9 to be processed must be by large spacing place to the place's transition of little spacing when being stretched by hole enlargement, thereby when hole enlargement stretches, effectively reached the purpose that subtracts wall; Subtract wall for further effectively finishing, column type section 4 outer walls that can make core print 2 are the sizing area of 5～6mm with the corresponding formation of the sizing section 6 inwalls length of drawing-die 1, be that tubing 9 to be processed must be by by just finishing the operation that subtracts wall behind the long sizing area of the corresponding 5～6mm that forms with sizing section 6 inwalls of column type section 4 outer walls, thereby guaranteed to subtract the stable of wall effect;
When implementing hole enlargement in the described technique and subtracting the wall pulling method, fix first drawing-die 1, again core print 2 and core bar 3 are linked together, then after accurately adjusting the position of core print 2 and drawing-die 1, that core bar 3 is fixing, and unload core print 2; Next, tubing 9 to be processed is placed in core bar 3 outsides, and again loads onto core print 2 after by related device that core bar 3 and tubing to be processed 9 is fixing, make the corresponding tapered section 5 outer walls socket with core print 2 of the head end place caliber of tubing 9 to be processed; Ejector sleeve by core bar 3 outsides promotes tubing 9 to be processed and moves forward into line space along tapered section 5 outer walls of core print 2 and expand, when just having advanced drawing-die 1 die orifice, tubing 9 head ends stop, remove the fixing of core bar 3, then continue to drive tubing 9, hole enlargement core print 2 and core bar 3 reaches by ejector sleeve, make empty expansion head enter drawing-die 1 and realize doing head; When the head end of tubing 9 stretches out the die orifice of drawing-die 1, and can put down the plug core time, put the plug core at tube head, and the stretching dolly is moved to die orifice, stretch out the stretching clamp and sting material, then begin to stretch; At this moment, tubing 9 moves ahead, and hole enlargement core print 2 and core bar 3 are also driven reach simultaneously, and after hole enlargement core print 2 entered drawing-die 1 die orifice relevant position, fixedly core bar 3, continued mobile tubing 9, subtracts the wall operation thereby finish when being implemented in hole enlargement;
Effectively control the straight degree of tubing 9 for work in-process, can be at the outside guide ring 8 that is connected with tubing 9 tail end places caliber interference that is socketed of the shaft of core bar 3, be that tubing 9 is when processed, the head end of stretching clamp clamping, drawing-die 1 are supporting tubing 9 jointly with the sizing area of core print 2 formation and the guide ring 8 of tail end, this just is equivalent to by three place's impetus tubing 9 carried out stretcher leveling, thereby has reached the purposes of effectively controlling tubing 9 straight degree in drawing process.
The production process embodiment of described major diameter corronil seamless pipe is as follows:
Embodiment 1:
Produce soft attitude BFe10-1-1 vertical bar White Copper Tubes, specification: φ 219 * 3.0 mm, Rm 〉=300Mpa, A 〉=30%:
1, founding: use coreless induction furnace to carry out founding, founding becomes the ingot casting of φ 360mm specification, smelting temperature: 1270 ℃, and casting speed: 2.5 m/h, its chemical composition meets GB5231-2012;
2, sawing: use sawing machine that ingot casting is carried out end to end sawing;
3, extruding: the pipe that extrudes into φ 200 * 10mm, the ingot casting of heating is pushed in the extruder recipient, and extrusion axis extrudes ingot casting and flows out through mould outlet, and the pipe of extruding cools off in air, carry out the ingot casting decortication when extruding, decortication thickness is 1.0mm; Eject in the recipient again after to be extruded the finishing extruding copper sheet, press more than, fall into ash can; The heating-up temperature of extrusion process: 1040 ℃, extrusion speed: 20mm/s, extrusion ratio: 13.75, press remaining thickness: 60mm;
4, sawing: use sawing machine that pipe is cut off end to end;
5, stretch: adopt 300 tons of hydraulic pressure expanding machines to carry out 7 passage hole enlargements and subtract the wall stretching; The 1st passage lengthening coefficient 1.11; The 2nd passage lengthening coefficient 1.19; The 3rd passage lengthening coefficient 1.13; The 4th passage lengthening coefficient 1.14; The 5th passage lengthening coefficient 1.22; The 6th passage lengthening coefficient 1.12; The 7th passage lengthening coefficient 1.33; Be stretched to finished product φ 219 * 3.0mm, in drawing process, make with lubricator and lubricate hole enlargement core print tapering: 12 °; Stretching die modular angle: 12 °;
6, intermediate annealing: adopt bright annealing furnace to carry out intermediate annealing: 790 ℃ of intermediate annealings, temperature retention time 120 minutes;
7, flaw detection: adopt the interpolation type core print to detect a flaw, require to meet the requirements of the customers;
8, finished products: adopt bright annealing furnace to carry out the finished product bright annealing: 700 ℃ of finished products, temperature retention time 140 minutes; The final performance that detects is: Rm 〉=300Mpa, A 〉=30%, satisfy customer requirement;
9, packing: according to the contract require to carry out finished product packing and delivery.
Embodiment 2:
Produce soft attitude B10 vertical bar White Copper Tubes, specification: φ 273 * 9.0 mm, Rm 〉=300Mpa, A 〉=30%:
1, founding: founding becomes the ingot casting of φ 410mm specification.Use coreless induction furnace to carry out founding, smelting temperature: 1240 ℃, casting speed: 1.5 m/h, its chemical composition meets GB5231-2012;
2, sawing: use sawing machine that ingot casting is carried out end to end sawing;
3, extruding: extrude into the pipe of φ 260 * 10mm, use extruder and supporting plug to push, peel in the time of extruding; The ingot casting of heating is pushed in the extruder recipient, and extrusion axis extrudes ingot casting and flows out through mould outlet, and the pipe of extruding cools off in air, carries out the ingot casting decortication when extruding, and decortication thickness is 1.2 mm; Eject in the recipient again after to be extruded the finishing extruding copper sheet, press more than, fall into ash can; The heating-up temperature of extrusion process: 1040 ℃, extrusion speed: 20mm/s, extrusion ratio: 8.4, press remaining thickness: 55 mm;
4, sawing: use sawing machine that pipe is cut off end to end;
5, stretch: adopt 300 tons of hydraulic tensioners to carry out 5 passage hole enlargements and subtract wall stretching, the 1st passage lengthening coefficient 1.07; The 2nd passage lengthening coefficient 1.07; The 3rd passage lengthening coefficient 1.08; The 4th passage lengthening coefficient 1.14; The 5th passage lengthening coefficient 1.10; Be stretched to finished product φ 273 * 9.0 mm, make in drawing process with lubricator and lubricate, stretching, every time adopts different size hole enlargement core print, hole enlargement core print tapering: 12 °, and stretching die modular angle: 12 °;
6, intermediate annealing: adopt bright annealing furnace to anneal: 790 ℃ of intermediate annealings, temperature retention time 120 minutes;
7, flaw detection: adopt the interpolation type core print to detect a flaw, require to meet the requirements of the customers;
8, finished products: adopt bright annealing furnace to carry out the finished product bright annealing: 780 ℃ of finished products, temperature retention time 100 minutes, finally detect performance and be: Rm 〉=300Mpa, A 〉=30%, satisfy customer requirement;
9, packing: according to the contract carry out finished product packing and deliver.
Embodiment 3:
Produce soft attitude B10 vertical bar White Copper Tubes, specification: φ 368 * 5.5 mm, state: M, end properties requires: Rm 〉=300Mpa, A 〉=35%:
1, founding: adopt coreless induction furnace to carry out melting, melt out furnace temperature: 1240 ℃, casting speed: 1.5m/h is cast as the ingot casting of φ 410mm specification; Its chemical composition meets GB5231-2012;
2, sawing: adopt sawing machine that ingot casting is carried out end to end sawing;
3, extruding: the pipe that extrudes into φ 280 * 10 mm; Use extruder and supporting plug to push, peel in the time of extruding; The ingot casting of heating is pushed in the extruder recipient, and extrusion axis extrudes ingot casting and flows out through mould outlet, and the pipe of extruding cools off in air, carries out the ingot casting decortication when extruding, and decortication thickness is 1.2 mm; Eject in the recipient again after to be extruded the finishing extruding copper sheet, press more than, fall into ash can; The heating-up temperature of extrusion process: 1040 ℃, extrusion speed: 20mm/s, extrusion ratio: 10.07, press remaining thickness: 55 mm;
4, sawing: use sawing machine that pipe is cut off end to end;
5, stretch: adopt 300 tons of hydraulic pressure hole enlargement stretching-machines to carry out 7 passage hole enlargements and subtract the wall stretching; The lengthening coefficient of the 1st passage is 1.08; The lengthening coefficient of the 2nd passage is 1.053; The lengthening coefficient of the 3rd passage is 1.074; The lengthening coefficient of the 4th passage is 0.94; The lengthening coefficient of the 5th passage is 0.957; The lengthening coefficient of the 6th passage is 1.05; The lengthening coefficient of the 7th passage is 1.18; Be stretched to finished product φ 368 * 5.5mm;
6, intermediate annealing: adopt bright annealing furnace to carry out intermediate annealing: 790 ℃ of intermediate annealings, temperature retention time 120 minutes;
7, flaw detection: adopt the interpolation type core print to detect a flaw, require to meet the requirements of the customers;
8, finished products: adopt bright annealing furnace to carry out the finished product bright annealing: 750 ℃ of finished products, temperature retention time 110 minutes; The final performance that detects is: Rm 〉=300Mpa, A50mm 〉=35%, satisfy customer requirement;
9, packing: according to the contract carry out finished product packing and deliver.
Part not in the detailed description of the invention is prior art, so the present invention is not described in detail.
Claims (6)
1. the production process of a major diameter corronil seamless pipe, it is characterized in that: described processing step is as follows:
1., founding: adopt coreless induction furnace to carry out melting, melting out furnace temperature is 1240～1320 ℃, and casting speed is 1.2～3.5m/h, casts out the ingot casting of φ 360～410mm specification, and its chemical composition requires to meet GB5231-2012;
2., sawing: use sawing machine that ingot casting is carried out end to end sawing;
3., extruding: the pipe that extrudes into φ 200 * 10 mm～φ 280 * 10 mm; The ingot casting of heating is pushed in the recipient of extruder, and extrusion axis extrudes ingot casting and flows out through mould outlet, and the pipe of extruding cools off in air, will carry out the ingot casting decortication when extruding; Eject in the recipient again after to be extruded the finishing extruding copper sheet, press more than, fall into ash can; The heating-up temperature of extrusion process is 960～1060 ℃, and extrusion speed is 10～40mm/s, and extrusion ratio is 7～25, and pressing remaining thickness is 25～70mm;
4., sawing: use sawing machine that pipe is cut off end to end;
5., stretch: adopt 300 tons of hydraulic pressure hole enlargement stretching-machines to carry out hole enlargement and subtract the wall stretching; Require drawing-die and hole enlargement core print and core bar to be positioned at same axial line, and hole enlargement core print one end is made as the column type section, the other end is made as tapered section, and this column type section correspondence is positioned at the sizing section of drawing-die and the position of modular angle section handing-over, and this tapered section modular angle section with drawing-die is located at an in the same way side; The wall thickness Corresponding matching of the spacing between the inwall of the outer wall of described column type section and modular angle section and pipe, and this spacing dimension is greater than the spacing dimension of column type section outer wall with the sizing area of the corresponding formation of sizing section inwall; The outside socket of described core bar shaft one guide ring that is connected with tubing tail end to be processed place's caliber interference;
During operation: fix first drawing-die, again hole enlargement core print and core bar are linked together, then behind the position of accurately adjusting hole enlargement core print and drawing-die, core bar is fixed, and unload the hole enlargement core print; Next, tubing is placed in the core bar outside, and again loads onto the hole enlargement core print after by related device that core bar and tubing is fixing, make the corresponding tapered section outer wall socket with the hole enlargement core print of the head end place caliber of tubing; At this moment, ejector sleeve by the core bar outside promotes tubing and moves along tapered section outer wall of hole enlargement core print, thereby under the prerequisite of utilizing guide ring control tubing directly to spend, finish the hole enlargement operation, simultaneously, when tubing during by the gap between hole enlargement core print and the drawing-die, the wall thickness of tubing is affected to the pressure of little spacing transition by large spacing and is effectively subtracted wall;
6., intermediate annealing: adopt bright annealing furnace to anneal; Annealing process heating-up temperature: 680～790 ℃ of intermediate annealings, temperature retention time 90～140 minutes;
7., flaw detection: adopt the interpolation type core print to detect a flaw, require to meet the requirements of the customers;
8., finished products: the circularity that keeps tubing, make its circularity that satisfies tubing among the GB26291 – 2010 be not more than the requirement of nominal outside diameter 2%, then adopt bright annealing furnace to carry out the finished product bright annealing, 680～780 ℃ of finished products, temperature retention time 70～140 minutes, requiring final detection performance is Rm 〉=300Mpa, A 〉=30%, satisfies the requirement of GB26291 – 2010 " naval vessel corronil seamless pipe " fully;
9., packing: carry out on request finished product packing and deliver.
2. the production process of major diameter corronil seamless pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described step adopts the multi-pass hole enlargement to subtract wall in 5. and stretches.
3. the production process of major diameter corronil seamless pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described multi-pass hole enlargement subtract wall stretch in every time lengthening coefficient be 0.90～1.35.
4. the production process of major diameter corronil seamless pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described step 5. in, the material of drawing-die is Cr12MoV; The material of hole enlargement core print is T8A, and plated surface Cr.
5. the production process of major diameter corronil seamless pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described step 5. in, the drawing-die modular angle is 12～15 °; The column type segment length of hole enlargement core print is 15～20mm, and tapered section tapering is 9～12 °.
6. the production process of major diameter corronil seamless pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described step 5. in, column type section 4 outer walls of hole enlargement core print 2 are the sizing area of 5～6mm with the corresponding formation of sizing section 6 inwalls of drawing-die 1 length.
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