CN103343191A - Two-step isothermal heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening medium carbon-manganese-vanadium low alloy steel - Google Patents
Two-step isothermal heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening medium carbon-manganese-vanadium low alloy steel Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- CGEGZJDYPQSLNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [V].[Mn].[C] Chemical compound [V].[Mn].[C] CGEGZJDYPQSLNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 44
- ARZRWOQKELGYTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [V].[Mn] Chemical compound [V].[Mn] ARZRWOQKELGYTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 37
- 238000005279 austempering Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 41
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 18
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 manganese-vanadium-vanadium Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
中碳锰钒系低合金钢强韧化二步等温热处理方法，它涉及一种中碳锰钒系低合金钢热处理方法，本发明要解决现有技术处理得到的中碳锰钒系低合金钢强度低、塑性差、且不能同时具备良好强韧性的问题。本发明的操作步骤如下：中碳锰钒系低合金钢奥氏体化处理→高于中碳锰钒系低合金钢马氏体转变结束温度10℃～70℃的条件下等温淬火油淬火100s→高于中碳锰钒系低合金钢马氏体转变开始温度30℃～130℃的条件下等温盐浴保温30s～1800s→得到经强韧化二步等温热处理的中碳锰钒系低合金钢。本发明用于合金钢热处理领域。
A two-step isothermal heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening medium-carbon manganese-vanadium-based low-alloy steel, which relates to a heat-treatment method for medium-carbon-manganese-vanadium-based low-alloy steel. Alloy steel has low strength, poor plasticity, and cannot have good strength and toughness at the same time. The operation steps of the present invention are as follows: austenitizing treatment of medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel → quenching with austempering oil for 100s under the condition that the end temperature of martensitic transformation of medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel is 10°C to 70°C →Higher than the martensitic transformation start temperature of medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel 30 ℃ ~ 130 ℃, under the condition of isothermal salt bath for 30s ~ 1800s → obtain the medium carbon manganese vanadium series after two-step isothermal heat treatment of strengthening and toughening Low-alloy steel. The invention is used in the field of alloy steel heat treatment.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及中碳锰钒系低合金钢的热处理方法。The invention relates to a heat treatment method for medium carbon manganese vanadium series low alloy steel.
背景技术Background technique
中碳锰钒低合金钢是在调质钢的基础上发展起来的一系列非调质商品化钢，它的价格比较低廉，性能稳定，常被应用于油气输送、造船、汽车工业、工程机械等领域。中碳锰钒系低合金钢中合金元素含量不超过5%，含碳量在0.25%～0.5%之间，合金元素中Mn的含量相对较高，可以起到稳定组织，改善塑性的作用。此外，V、Ti等微量合金元素的添加，可以促进晶粒的细化，使组织形态得到显著的改善，同时，少量合金元素的加入能够提高中碳锰钒系低合金钢的淬透性以及热处理过程中马氏体的回火稳定性。目前，中碳锰钒系低合金钢的常用热处理方法有两种，即调质(淬火+高温回火)处理和控扎控冷方法。Medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel is a series of non-quenched and tempered commercial steels developed on the basis of quenched and tempered steels. Its price is relatively low and its performance is stable. It is often used in oil and gas transportation, shipbuilding, automobile industry, and engineering machinery. and other fields. The content of alloying elements in the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel does not exceed 5%, and the carbon content is between 0.25% and 0.5%. The content of Mn in the alloying elements is relatively high, which can stabilize the structure and improve plasticity. In addition, the addition of trace alloying elements such as V and Ti can promote the refinement of grains and significantly improve the microstructure. At the same time, the addition of a small amount of alloying elements can improve the hardenability and Temper stability of martensite during heat treatment. At present, there are two commonly used heat treatment methods for medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steels, namely quenching and tempering (quenching + high temperature tempering) treatment and controlled rolling and controlled cooling.
中碳锰钒系低合金钢经过调质处理后，可以获得很好的塑性，抗拉强度850MPa，屈服强度790MPa，延伸率16.3%，断面收缩率58%，强塑积为13855MPa·%。随着方法的不断改进，控扎控冷方法成为了中碳锰钒系低合金钢常采用的热处理方法，采用这种热处理方法处理后，抗拉强度可以达到900MPa，屈服强度800MPa，延伸率17.9%，断面收缩率60%，强塑积为16110MPa·%。跟调质方法相比，控扎控冷方法使钢的综合力学性能有所提高，但随着人们对商品化用钢性能要求的不断提高，对于要求高载荷、高的综合力学性能的承力构件来说，这种强度远不能满足要求。因此有必要探索提高中碳锰钒系低合金钢综合力学性能的热处理新方法。After quenching and tempering, the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel can obtain good plasticity. The tensile strength is 850MPa, the yield strength is 790MPa, the elongation is 16.3%, the reduction of area is 58%, and the strong-plastic product is 13855MPa·%. With the continuous improvement of the method, the method of controlled rolling and controlled cooling has become a heat treatment method commonly used for medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel. After using this heat treatment method, the tensile strength can reach 900MPa, the yield strength is 800MPa, and the elongation is 17.9 %, the reduction of area is 60%, and the strong plastic product is 16110MPa·%. Compared with the quenching and tempering method, the controlled rolling and controlled cooling method can improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of steel. For components, this strength is far from meeting the requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a new heat treatment method to improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of medium carbon manganese vanadium low alloy steel.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了解决现有方法处理得到的中碳锰钒系低合金钢强度低、塑性差、且不能同时具备良好强韧性的问题，而提供中碳锰钒系低合金钢强韧化二步等温热处理方法。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the medium carbon manganese vanadium series low alloy steel obtained by the existing method has low strength, poor plasticity, and cannot have good strength and toughness at the same time, and to provide medium carbon manganese vanadium series low alloy steel with high toughness Two-step isothermal heat treatment method.
本发明中碳锰钒系低合金钢强韧化二步等温热处理方法，具体是按以下步骤完成：The carbon-manganese-vanadium series low-alloy steel strengthening and toughening two-step isothermal heat treatment method in the present invention is specifically completed according to the following steps:
一、将中碳锰钒系低合金钢进行奥氏体化处理，得到中碳锰钒系低合金钢奥氏体；1. Austenitizing the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium-based low-alloy steel to obtain the austenite of the medium-carbon-manganese-vanadium-based low-alloy steel;
二、将步骤一中获得的中碳锰钒系低合金钢奥氏体在高于中碳锰钒系低合金钢马氏体转变结束温度10℃～70℃的条件下进行等温淬火油淬火100s，得到中碳锰钒系低合金钢的马氏体和未转变的奥氏体；2. The medium-carbon manganese-vanadium-vanadium low-alloy steel austenite obtained in step 1 is subjected to austempering oil quenching for 100 seconds under the condition that the martensitic transformation end temperature of the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel is 10°C to 70°C , to obtain martensite and untransformed austenite of medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel;
三、将步骤二中获得的中碳锰钒系低合金钢的马氏体和未转变的奥氏体在高于中碳锰钒系低合金钢马氏体转变开始温度30℃～130℃的条件下进行等温盐浴保温30s～1800s，然后用水淬火至室温，即完成中碳锰钒系低合金钢强韧化二步等温热处理。3. The martensite and untransformed austenite of the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel obtained in step 2 are 30°C to 130°C higher than the martensite transformation start temperature of the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel Under the same conditions, the isothermal salt bath is kept for 30s to 1800s, and then quenched with water to room temperature, that is, the two-step isothermal heat treatment for strengthening and toughening the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel is completed.
本发明包含以下有益效果：The present invention comprises following beneficial effect:
本发明的中碳锰钒系低合金钢强韧化二步等温热处理方法先将中碳锰钒系低合金钢进行奥氏体化处理，之后在高于中碳锰钒系低合金钢马氏体转变结束温度10℃～70℃进行等温淬火油淬火，得到部分马氏体和未转变的奥氏体，然后在高于中碳锰钒系低合金钢马氏体转变温度30℃～130℃进行等温硝盐浴保温，使碳从富碳马氏体向未转变的奥氏体中扩散，并使奥氏体稳定化，最后淬火至室温，得到中碳锰钒系低合金钢，其是由马氏体和残余奥氏体组成的复相组织，残余奥氏体含量在2%～10%之间。相对于调质的热处理方法，本发明的中碳锰钒系低合金钢强韧化二步等温热处理方法能使钢的综合力学性能有很大提高；一、经本发明的热处理方法得到的中碳锰钒系低合金钢的综合力学性能比传统热处理方法显著提高，得到的中碳锰钒系低合金钢在抗拉强度（1510MPa～1700MPa）、屈服强度（1410MPa～1480MPa）和强塑积（18120MPa·%～30600MPa·%）均有明显的提高，与现有调质热处理方法相比，本发明的热处理方法得到的中碳锰钒系低合金钢的抗拉强度提高了77%～100%，屈服强度提高了78%～87%，强塑积提高了31%～120%，解决了传统方法所制造的中碳锰钒系低合金钢的强度低、塑性差、且不能同时具备良好强韧性的问题，二、本发明可适用于不同含碳量中碳锰钒系低合金钢的热处理，获得优异的综合力学性能以满足不同的需求。In the two-step isothermal heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel of the present invention, the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel is first austenitized, and then the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel is austenitized. The end temperature of martensite transformation is 10 ℃ ~ 70 ℃ for austempering oil quenching to obtain part of martensite and untransformed austenite, and then at a temperature higher than the martensite transformation temperature of medium carbon manganese vanadium low alloy steel 30 ℃ ~ 130°C for isothermal nitrate salt bath insulation, so that carbon diffuses from carbon-rich martensite to untransformed austenite, and stabilizes austenite, and finally quenched to room temperature to obtain medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel. It is a multiphase structure composed of martensite and retained austenite, and the retained austenite content is between 2% and 10%. With respect to the heat treatment method of quenching and tempering, the two-step isothermal heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel of the present invention can greatly improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of steel; one, obtain through the heat treatment method of the present invention Compared with the traditional heat treatment method, the comprehensive mechanical properties of the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel are significantly improved. Compared with the existing quenching and tempering heat treatment method, the tensile strength of the medium carbon manganese vanadium series low alloy steel obtained by the heat treatment method of the present invention has increased by 77%~ 100%, the yield strength increased by 78% to 87%, and the strength and plasticity increased by 31% to 120%, which solved the low strength, poor plasticity and inability of the medium carbon, manganese and vanadium low alloy steels produced by traditional methods. The problem of good strength and toughness, 2. The present invention is applicable to the heat treatment of carbon-manganese-vanadium-based low-alloy steels with different carbon contents to obtain excellent comprehensive mechanical properties to meet different needs.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为试验一处理后38Mn2VNb钢的金相组织图片；Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure picture of 38Mn2VNb steel after the test one treatment;
图2为试验一处理后的38Mn2VNb钢的透射电子显微图片。Fig. 2 is a transmission electron micrograph of the 38Mn2VNb steel treated in the first test.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
具体实施方式一：本实施方式所述的中碳锰钒系低合金钢强韧化二步等温热处理方法是按以下步骤进行：Specific embodiment one: the two-step isothermal heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel described in this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
一、将中碳锰钒系低合金钢进行奥氏体化处理，得到中碳锰钒系低合金钢奥氏体；1. Austenitizing the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium-based low-alloy steel to obtain the austenite of the medium-carbon-manganese-vanadium-based low-alloy steel;
二、将步骤一中获得的中碳锰钒系低合金钢奥氏体在高于中碳锰钒系低合金钢马氏体转变结束温度10℃～70℃的条件下进行等温淬火油淬火100s，得到中碳锰钒系低合金钢的马氏体和未转变的奥氏体；2. The medium-carbon manganese-vanadium-vanadium low-alloy steel austenite obtained in step 1 is subjected to austempering oil quenching for 100 seconds under the condition that the martensitic transformation end temperature of the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel is 10°C to 70°C , to obtain martensite and untransformed austenite of medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel;
三、将步骤二中获得的中碳锰钒系低合金钢的马氏体和未转变的奥氏体在高于中碳锰钒系低合金钢马氏体转变开始温度30℃～130℃的条件下进行等温盐浴保温30s～1800s，然后用水淬火至室温，即完成中碳锰钒系低合金钢强韧化二步等温热处理。3. The martensite and untransformed austenite of the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel obtained in step 2 are 30°C to 130°C higher than the martensite transformation start temperature of the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel Under the same conditions, the isothermal salt bath is kept for 30s to 1800s, and then quenched with water to room temperature, that is, the two-step isothermal heat treatment for strengthening and toughening the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel is completed.
具体实施方式二：本实施方式与具体实施方式一的不同之处是：步骤二中所述的淬火油为20号机械油。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the quenching oil described in Step 2 is No. 20 mechanical oil. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.
具体实施方式三：本实施方式与具体实施方式一或二的不同之处是：所述的中碳锰钒低合金钢奥氏体化的具体步骤如下：将中碳锰钒低合金钢在温度为中碳锰钒低合金钢的Ac3以上30℃～50℃的条件下保温，保温时间为600s，即完成奥氏体化处理；其中所述的Ac3表示亚共析钢钢加热时的奥氏体完成转变的临界温度线。其它与具体实施方式一或二相同。Specific embodiment three: the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one or two is: the specific steps of austenitizing the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel are as follows: the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel is It is medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel with A c3 above 30 ℃ ~ 50 ℃, and the holding time is 600s, that is, the austenitization treatment is completed; wherein the A c3 indicates the temperature of the hypoeutectoid steel when it is heated. The critical temperature line for complete transformation of austenite. Others are the same as in the first or second embodiment.
具体实施方式四：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至三之一的不同之处是：通过具体实施方式一方法处理后的中碳锰钒系低合金钢中奥氏体含量在2%～10%之间。其它与具体实施方式一至三之一相同。Embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 3 is that the austenite content in the medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel treated by the method of Embodiment 1 is 2% to 10%. between. Others are the same as those in the first to third specific embodiments.
具体实施方式五：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至四之一的不同之处是：步骤三中所述的等温盐浴保温，所述的盐浴为硝盐浴，其中硝盐浴是由质量百分含量为50%的KNO3和质量百分含量为50%的NaNO3组成的。其它与具体实施方式一至四之一相同。Specific embodiment five: the difference between this embodiment and one of specific embodiments one to four is: the isothermal salt bath insulation described in step 3, the described salt bath is a nitrate salt bath, wherein the nitrate salt bath is made of mass It is composed of 50% KNO 3 and 50% NaNO 3 by mass. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 4.
具体实施方式六：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至五之一的不同之处是：步骤三中所述的在高于中碳锰钒系低合金钢马氏体转变开始温度30℃～120℃的条件下进行等温盐浴保温120s～1200s。其它与具体实施方式一至五之一相同。Embodiment 6: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 5 is that in step 3, the martensitic transformation start temperature of medium-carbon, manganese-vanadium-based low-alloy steel is 30° C. to 120° C. Under certain conditions, carry out isothermal salt bath insulation for 120s ~ 1200s. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 5.
具体实施方式七：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至六之一的不同之处是：步骤三中所述的在高于中碳锰钒系低合金钢马氏体转变开始温度40℃～110℃的条件下进行等温盐浴保温120s～1200s。其它与具体实施方式一至六之一相同。Specific embodiment 7: The difference between this embodiment and one of specific embodiments 1 to 6 is: the temperature described in step 3 is higher than the martensitic transformation start temperature of medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel 40 ° C ~ 110 ° C Under certain conditions, carry out isothermal salt bath insulation for 120s ~ 1200s. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 6.
具体实施方式八：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至七之一的不同之处是：步骤三中所述的在高于中碳锰钒系低合金钢马氏体转变开始温度50℃～100℃的条件下进行等温盐浴保温120s～1200s。其它与具体实施方式一至七之一相同。Embodiment 8: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 7 is that the temperature described in step 3 is 50°C to 100°C higher than the start temperature of martensitic transformation of medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel Under certain conditions, carry out isothermal salt bath insulation for 120s ~ 1200s. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 7.
具体实施方式九：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至八之一的不同之处是：步骤三中所述的在高于中碳锰钒系低合金钢马氏体转变开始温度60℃～90℃的条件下进行等温盐浴保温120s～1200s。其它与具体实施方式一至八之一相同。Embodiment 9: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 8 is that in Step 3, the martensitic transformation start temperature of medium-carbon, manganese-vanadium-based low-alloy steel is 60°C to 90°C. Under certain conditions, carry out isothermal salt bath insulation for 120s ~ 1200s. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 8.
具体实施方式十：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至九之一的不同之处是：步骤三中所述的在高于中碳锰钒系低合金钢马氏体转变开始温度70℃～80℃的条件下进行等温盐浴保温120s～1200s。其它与具体实施方式一至九之一相同。Embodiment 10: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 9 is that the temperature described in step 3 is higher than the start temperature of martensitic transformation of medium-carbon manganese-vanadium low-alloy steel by 70°C to 80°C. Under certain conditions, carry out isothermal salt bath insulation for 120s ~ 1200s. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 9.
具体实施方式十一：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至十之一的不同的是：所述的中碳猛钒低合金钢的成分如下：C含量为0.25Wt.%～0.5Wt.%、Si含量为0.15Wt.%～0.45Wt.%、Mn含量为1.15Wt.%～1.8Wt.%、V含量为0.08Wt.%～0.12Wt.%、Al含量为0.02Wt.%～0.04Wt.%、Nb含量为≤0.05Wt.%、P含量为≤0.02Wt.%和S含量为≤0.02Wt.%。其它与具体实施方式一至十之一的相同。Embodiment 11: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiments 1 to 10 is that the composition of the medium carbon manganese vanadium low alloy steel is as follows: C content is 0.25Wt.%～0.5Wt.%, Si The content is 0.15Wt.%～0.45Wt.%, the Mn content is 1.15Wt.%～1.8Wt.%, the V content is 0.08Wt.%～0.12Wt.%, and the Al content is 0.02Wt.%～0.04Wt.%. , Nb content is ≤0.05Wt.%, P content is ≤0.02Wt.% and S content is ≤0.02Wt.%. Others are the same as those in Embodiments 1 to 11.
具体实施方式十二：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至十一之一的不同点是所述的中碳锰钒低合金钢为38Mn2VNb钢、42Mn2VNb钢、33Mn2V钢、25MnV钢或者40MnVTi钢。其它与具体实施方式一至十一之一相同。Embodiment 12: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiments 1 to 11 is that the medium carbon manganese vanadium low alloy steel is 38Mn2VNb steel, 42Mn2VNb steel, 33Mn2V steel, 25MnV steel or 40MnVTi steel. Others are the same as those of the specific embodiments 1 to 11.
通过下述试验验证本发明的有益效果：Prove the beneficial effect of the present invention by following test:
试验一：本试验的38Mn2VNb钢强韧化热处理方法，按以下步骤进行：Test 1: The strengthening and toughening heat treatment method of 38Mn2VNb steel in this test is carried out according to the following steps:
一、将38Mn2VNb钢进行奥氏体化处理，得到38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体；1. Austenitizing the 38Mn2VNb steel to obtain the austenite of the 38Mn2VNb steel;
二、将步骤一中得到的38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体在270℃的温度下进行等温淬火油淬火100s，得到38Mn2VNb钢马氏体和未转换38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体；2. Austempering the 38Mn2VNb steel austenite obtained in step 1 at a temperature of 270° C. for 100 seconds to obtain 38Mn2VNb steel martensite and untransformed 38Mn2VNb steel austenite;
三、将步骤二中得到的38Mn2VNb钢马氏体和未转换38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体在350℃的条件下等温硝盐浴保温120s，最后用水淬火至室温，即完成38Mn2VNb钢高强韧热处理。3. Keep the 38Mn2VNb steel martensite obtained in step 2 and the untransformed 38Mn2VNb steel austenite at 350°C for 120 s in an isothermal salt bath, and finally quench with water to room temperature to complete the high-strength and toughness heat treatment of 38Mn2VNb steel.
本验证试验中，步骤二中所述的淬火油为20号机械油。In this verification test, the quenching oil described in step 2 is No. 20 mechanical oil.
本验证试验中，步骤三中所述的硝盐浴是由质量百分含量为50%的KNO3和质量百分含量为50%的NaNO3组成的。In this verification test, the nitrate salt bath described in step 3 is composed of 50% by mass KNO 3 and 50% by mass NaNO 3 .
本验证试验中，38Mn2VNb钢的马氏体转变结束温度为224℃，38Mn2VNb钢的马氏体转变开始温度为312℃。In this verification test, the martensite transformation end temperature of 38Mn2VNb steel is 224°C, and the martensite transformation start temperature of 38Mn2VNb steel is 312°C.
对本试验强韧化二步等温热处理后的38Mn2VNb钢进行性能检测，检测结果如下：抗拉强度为1700MPa，屈服强度为1462MPa，延伸率为18%，断面收缩率为58%，强塑积为30600MPa·%，具有良好的综合力学性能。The performance test of the 38Mn2VNb steel after the two-step isothermal heat treatment of strengthening and toughening in this test is carried out. The test results are as follows: the tensile strength is 1700MPa, the yield strength is 1462MPa, the elongation is 18%, the reduction of area is 58%, and the strong-plastic product It is 30600MPa·%, with good comprehensive mechanical properties.
根据GB/T13298-199138Mn2VNb钢金相检验国家标准，在室温条件下，利用型号为PMG3OLYMPUS的金相显微镜，对本试验高强韧化热处理后的38Mn2VNb钢进行金相组织分析，检测结果如图1所示，图1为本试验高强韧化热处理后38Mn2VNb钢的金相组织图片，由图1可以看到经过热处理后马氏体组织十分细小；板条马氏体的亚结构是高密度位错，所以又称为位错型马氏体，其强度、硬度较高，并且综合性能良好。According to GB/T13298-199138 national standard for metallographic examination of Mn2VNb steel, at room temperature, using a metallographic microscope of the model PMG3OLYMPUS, the metallographic structure analysis of the 38Mn2VNb steel after high-strength and toughening heat treatment in this test is carried out, and the test results are shown in Figure 1 , Figure 1 is the metallographic structure picture of 38Mn2VNb steel after high-strength and toughening heat treatment in this test. It can be seen from Figure 1 that the martensite structure after heat treatment is very fine; the substructure of lath martensite is high-density dislocation, so Also known as dislocation martensite, it has high strength and hardness and good comprehensive properties.
采用场发射透射电子显微镜（TecnaiG2F30）对本试验的高强韧化热处理后的38Mn2VNb钢进行透射电子显微（TEM）分析，得到如图2的透射电子显微图片（TEM图片），由图2可以清晰的看到马氏体板条，板条宽度在200nm左右。Field emission transmission electron microscope (TecnaiG2F30) was used to conduct transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis on the 38Mn2VNb steel after high-strength and toughening heat treatment in this test, and the transmission electron microscope picture (TEM picture) as shown in Figure 2 was obtained, which can be clearly seen from Figure 2 The martensite laths are seen, and the width of the laths is about 200nm.
试验二：38Mn2VNb钢强韧化二步等温热处理方法，按以下步骤进行：Experiment 2: The two-step isothermal heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening 38Mn2VNb steel is carried out according to the following steps:
一、将38Mn2VNb钢进行奥氏体化处理，得到38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体；1. Austenitizing the 38Mn2VNb steel to obtain the austenite of the 38Mn2VNb steel;
二、将步骤一中得到的38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体在250℃的温度下进行等温淬火油淬火100s，得到38Mn2VNb钢马氏体和未转变38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体；2. Austempering the 38Mn2VNb steel austenite obtained in step 1 at a temperature of 250° C. for 100 s to obtain 38Mn2VNb steel martensite and untransformed 38Mn2VNb steel austenite;
三、将步骤二中得到的38Mn2VNb钢马氏体和未转变38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体在430℃的条件下等温硝盐浴保温120s，最后用水淬火至室温，即完成38Mn2VNb钢高强韧热处理。3. Keep the 38Mn2VNb steel martensite and untransformed 38Mn2VNb steel austenite obtained in step 2 in an isothermal salt bath for 120s at 430°C, and finally quench with water to room temperature to complete the high-strength and toughness heat treatment of 38Mn2VNb steel.
本验证试验中，步骤二中所述的淬火油为20号机械油。In this verification test, the quenching oil described in step 2 is No. 20 mechanical oil.
本验证试验中，步骤三中所述的硝盐浴是由质量百分含量为50%的KNO3和质量百分含量为50%的NaNO3组成的。In this verification test, the nitrate salt bath described in step 3 is composed of 50% by mass KNO 3 and 50% by mass NaNO 3 .
本验证试验中，38Mn2VNb钢的马氏体转变结束温度为224℃，38Mn2VNb钢的马氏体转变开始温度为312℃。In this verification test, the martensite transformation end temperature of 38Mn2VNb steel is 224°C, and the martensite transformation start temperature of 38Mn2VNb steel is 312°C.
对本试验强韧化二步等温热处理后的38Mn2VNb钢进行性能检测，检测结果如下：抗拉强度为1600MPa，屈服强度为1450MPa，延伸率为12%，断面收缩率为47%，强塑积19200MPa·%，具有良好的综合力学性能。The performance test of the 38Mn2VNb steel after the two-step isothermal heat treatment of strengthening and toughening in this test is carried out, and the test results are as follows: the tensile strength is 1600MPa, the yield strength is 1450MPa, the elongation is 12%, the reduction of area is 47%, and the strong-plastic product 19200MPa·%, with good comprehensive mechanical properties.
试验三：38Mn2VNb钢强韧化二步等温热处理方法，按以下步骤进行：Test 3: The two-step isothermal heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening 38Mn2VNb steel is carried out according to the following steps:
一、将38Mn2VNb钢进行奥氏体化处理，得到38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体；1. Austenitizing the 38Mn2VNb steel to obtain the austenite of the 38Mn2VNb steel;
二、将步骤一中得到的38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体在290℃的温度下进行等温淬火油淬火100s，得到38Mn2VNb钢马氏体和未转变38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体；2. Austempering the 38Mn2VNb steel austenite obtained in step 1 at a temperature of 290° C. for 100 seconds to obtain 38Mn2VNb steel martensite and untransformed 38Mn2VNb steel austenite;
三、将步骤二中得到的38Mn2VNb钢马氏体和未转变38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体在370℃的条件下等温硝盐浴保温600s，最后用水淬火至室温，即完成38Mn2VNb钢高强韧热处理。3. Keep the 38Mn2VNb steel martensite and untransformed 38Mn2VNb steel austenite obtained in step 2 in an isothermal salt bath for 600s at 370°C, and finally quench with water to room temperature to complete the high-strength and toughness heat treatment of 38Mn2VNb steel.
本验证试验中，步骤二中所述的淬火油为20号机械油。In this verification test, the quenching oil described in step 2 is No. 20 mechanical oil.
本验证试验中，步骤三中所述的硝盐浴是由质量百分含量为50%的KNO3和质量百分含量为50%的NaNO3组成的。In this verification test, the nitrate salt bath described in step 3 is composed of 50% by mass KNO 3 and 50% by mass NaNO 3 .
本验证试验中，38Mn2VNb钢的马氏体转变结束温度为224℃，38Mn2VNb钢的马氏体转变开始温度为312℃。In this verification test, the martensite transformation end temperature of 38Mn2VNb steel is 224°C, and the martensite transformation start temperature of 38Mn2VNb steel is 312°C.
对本试验强韧化二步等温热处理后的38Mn2VNb钢进行性能检测，检测结果如下：抗拉强度为1520MPa，屈服强度为1420MPa，延伸率为14%，断面收缩率为52%，强塑积21280MPa·%，具有良好的综合力学性能。The performance test of the 38Mn2VNb steel after the two-step isothermal heat treatment of strengthening and toughening in this test is carried out, and the test results are as follows: the tensile strength is 1520MPa, the yield strength is 1420MPa, the elongation is 14%, the reduction of area is 52%, and the strong-plastic product 21280MPa·%, with good comprehensive mechanical properties.
试验四：38Mn2VNb钢强韧化二步等温热处理方法，按以下步骤进行：Test 4: The two-step isothermal heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening 38Mn2VNb steel is carried out according to the following steps:
一、将38Mn2VNb钢进行奥氏体化处理，得到38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体；1. Austenitizing the 38Mn2VNb steel to obtain the austenite of the 38Mn2VNb steel;
二、将步骤一中得到的38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体在290℃的温度下进行等温淬火油淬火100s，得到38Mn2VNb钢马氏体和未转变38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体；2. Austempering the 38Mn2VNb steel austenite obtained in step 1 at a temperature of 290° C. for 100 seconds to obtain 38Mn2VNb steel martensite and untransformed 38Mn2VNb steel austenite;
三、将步骤二中得到的38Mn2VNb钢马氏体和未转变38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体在390℃的条件下等温硝盐浴保温300s，最后用水淬火至室温，即完成38Mn2VNb钢高强韧热处理。3. Incubate the 38Mn2VNb steel martensite and untransformed 38Mn2VNb steel austenite at 390°C for 300s in an isothermal nitric salt bath obtained in step 2, and finally quench with water to room temperature to complete the high-strength and toughness heat treatment of 38Mn2VNb steel.
本验证试验中，步骤二中所述的淬火油为20号机械油。In this verification test, the quenching oil described in step 2 is No. 20 mechanical oil.
本验证试验中，步骤三中所述的硝盐浴是由质量百分含量为50%的KNO3和质量百分含量为50%的NaNO3组成的。In this verification test, the nitrate salt bath described in step 3 is composed of 50% by mass KNO 3 and 50% by mass NaNO 3 .
本验证试验中，38Mn2VNb钢的马氏体转变结束温度为224℃，38Mn2VNb钢的马氏体转变开始温度为312℃。In this verification test, the martensite transformation end temperature of 38Mn2VNb steel is 224°C, and the martensite transformation start temperature of 38Mn2VNb steel is 312°C.
对本试验强韧化二步等温热处理后的38Mn2VNb钢进行性能检测，检测结果如下：抗拉强度为1510MPa，屈服强度为1410MPa，延伸率为15%，断面收缩率为54%，强塑积22650MPa·%，具有良好的综合力学性能。The performance test of the 38Mn2VNb steel after the two-step isothermal heat treatment of strengthening and toughening in this test is carried out, and the test results are as follows: the tensile strength is 1510MPa, the yield strength is 1410MPa, the elongation is 15%, the reduction of area is 54%, and the strong-plastic product 22650MPa·%, with good comprehensive mechanical properties.
试验五：38Mn2VNb钢强韧化二步等温热处理方法，按以下步骤进行：Experiment 5: The two-step isothermal heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening 38Mn2VNb steel is carried out according to the following steps:
一、将38Mn2VNb钢进行奥氏体化处理，得到38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体；1. Austenitizing the 38Mn2VNb steel to obtain the austenite of the 38Mn2VNb steel;
二、将步骤一中得到的38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体在270℃的温度下进行等温淬火油淬火100s，得到38Mn2VNb钢马氏体和未转变38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体；2. Austempering the 38Mn2VNb steel austenite obtained in step 1 at a temperature of 270° C. for 100 seconds to obtain 38Mn2VNb steel martensite and untransformed 38Mn2VNb steel austenite;
三、将步骤二中得到的38Mn2VNb钢马氏体和未转变38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体在350℃的条件下等温硝盐浴保温1200s，最后有水淬火至室温，即完成38Mn2VNb钢高强韧热处理。3. Keep the 38Mn2VNb steel martensite and untransformed 38Mn2VNb steel austenite obtained in step 2 in an isothermal nitric salt bath at 350°C for 1200s, and finally quench with water to room temperature to complete the high-strength and toughness heat treatment of 38Mn2VNb steel.
本验证试验中，步骤二中所述的淬火油为20号机械油。In this verification test, the quenching oil described in step 2 is No. 20 mechanical oil.
本验证试验中，步骤三中所述的硝盐浴是由质量百分含量为50%的KNO3和质量百分含量为50%的NaNO3组成的。In this verification test, the nitrate salt bath described in step 3 is composed of 50% by mass KNO 3 and 50% by mass NaNO 3 .
本验证试验中，38Mn2VNb钢的马氏体转变结束温度为224℃，38Mn2VNb钢的马氏体转变开始温度为312℃。In this verification test, the martensite transformation end temperature of 38Mn2VNb steel is 224°C, and the martensite transformation start temperature of 38Mn2VNb steel is 312°C.
对本试验强韧化二步等温热处理后的38Mn2VNb钢进行性能检测，检测结果如下：抗拉强度为1620MPa，屈服强度为1430MPa，延伸率为14%，断面收缩率为53%，强塑积22680MPa·%，具有良好的综合力学性能。The performance test of the 38Mn2VNb steel after the two-step isothermal heat treatment of strengthening and toughening in this test is carried out, and the test results are as follows: the tensile strength is 1620MPa, the yield strength is 1430MPa, the elongation is 14%, the reduction of area is 53%, and the strong-plastic product 22680MPa·%, with good comprehensive mechanical properties.
试验六：38Mn2VNb钢强韧化二步等温热处理方法，按以下步骤进行：Experiment 6: The two-step isothermal heat treatment method for strengthening and toughening 38Mn2VNb steel is carried out according to the following steps:
一、将38Mn2VNb钢进行奥氏体化处理，得到38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体；1. Austenitizing the 38Mn2VNb steel to obtain the austenite of the 38Mn2VNb steel;
二、将步骤一中得到的38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体在250℃的温度下进行等温淬火油淬火100s，得到38Mn2VNb钢马氏体和未转变38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体；2. Austempering the 38Mn2VNb steel austenite obtained in step 1 at a temperature of 250° C. for 100 s to obtain 38Mn2VNb steel martensite and untransformed 38Mn2VNb steel austenite;
三、将步骤二中得到的38Mn2VNb钢马氏体和未转变38Mn2VNb钢奥氏体在410℃的条件下等温硝盐浴保温600s，最后用水淬火至室温，即完成38Mn2VNb钢高强韧热处理。3. Incubate the 38Mn2VNb steel martensite and untransformed 38Mn2VNb steel austenite at 410°C for 600s in an isothermal nitric salt bath obtained in step 2, and finally quench with water to room temperature to complete the high-strength and toughness heat treatment of 38Mn2VNb steel.
本验证试验中，步骤二中所述的淬火油为20号机械油。In this verification test, the quenching oil described in step 2 is No. 20 mechanical oil.
本验证试验中，步骤三中所述的硝盐浴是由质量百分含量为50%的KNO3和质量百分含量为50%的NaNO3组成的。In this verification test, the nitrate salt bath described in step 3 is composed of 50% by mass KNO 3 and 50% by mass NaNO 3 .
本验证试验中，38Mn2VNb钢的马氏体转变结束温度为224℃，38Mn2VNb钢的马氏体转变开始温度为312℃。In this verification test, the martensite transformation end temperature of 38Mn2VNb steel is 224°C, and the martensite transformation start temperature of 38Mn2VNb steel is 312°C.
对本试验强韧化二步等温热处理后的38Mn2VNb钢进行性能检测，检测结果如下：抗拉强度为1510MPa，屈服强度为1410MPa，延伸率为16%，断面收缩率为56%，强塑积为24160MPa·%，具有良好的综合力学性能。The performance test of the 38Mn2VNb steel after the two-step isothermal heat treatment of strengthening and toughening in this test is carried out. The test results are as follows: the tensile strength is 1510MPa, the yield strength is 1410MPa, the elongation is 16%, the reduction of area is 56%, and the strong plasticity It is 24160MPa·%, with good comprehensive mechanical properties.
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| WO2004022794A1 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2004-03-18 | Colorado School Of Mines | Method for producing steel with retained austenite |
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Application publication date: 20131009 |