CN103348834A - Method for governing gobi by utilizing modified sand - Google Patents
Method for governing gobi by utilizing modified sand Download PDFInfo
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- CN103348834A CN103348834A CN201310223431XA CN201310223431A CN103348834A CN 103348834 A CN103348834 A CN 103348834A CN 201310223431X A CN201310223431X A CN 201310223431XA CN 201310223431 A CN201310223431 A CN 201310223431A CN 103348834 A CN103348834 A CN 103348834A
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Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for governing gobi by utilizing modified sand. The modified sand is paved on the surface of the gobi to be governed, and is formed by dissolving a water-soluble solid organic matter in water to form a cohesive and adhesive solution, and mixing the cohesive and adhesive solution with sand; after moisture evaporates, the water-soluble solid organic matter can bond sand, and can be dissolved in water again after meeting water to form the cohesive and adhesive solution to bond sand. According to the invention, common sand can serve as soil; the interaction among sand grains is changed fundamentally; a particle pore structure with binding force (sticking force) is formed; after repeated evaporation and wetting, materials cannot run off easily due to the cohesive and adhesive properties, and the modified sand can be as stable as soil, and can store water and nutrients as soil. Therefore, the method provides a solid condition for tree growth, and is an ideal gobi governing measure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to improvement and the utilization of Gobi desert land resources, particularly a kind of utilization has the method in the husky body improvement of the modification Gobi desert of earth characteristic.
Background technology
The Gobi desert is a type of desert, is that rough sand, gravel cover the desert landform on the hard stratum.Ground mainly is made of gravel, i.e. the desert that relief is mild, ground covers large stretch of gravel, and ground, Gobi desert is blown off by wind because of fine sand, is left gravel blanket, thereby the difference of chomoeremion and stone matter desert is arranged.The such kind of area is full of sand and stone, lack of water on the ground, and plant is rare.
The Gobi desert of China is distributed widely in Wen Douer mausoleum-lark mausoleum-Etuoke Banner-salt pond one line with vast desert, the half-desert level land of northwest, about 45.5 ten thousand square kilometres of the gross area.Be covered with rough sand, gravel on the boundless and indistinct Gobi desert, step in the above, rustle.Several main, large desert and the sand grounds of China mainly are positioned at the ground such as Xinjiang, the Inner Mongol, Gansu and Ningxia, desert (comprising sand dune and the wind erosion soil) gross area is 71.29 ten thousand sq-kms, the Gobi desert gross area is 56.95 ten thousand sq-kms, account for 13.36% of national area, wherein desert, the Xinjiang gross area is 42.0 ten thousand sq-kms, the Gobi desert area is 29.3 ten thousand sq-kms, the first place that occupies national desert and Gobi desert area.
Scientist thinks, since 2,000,000 years, particularly hundreds of thousands since year in, evening, Pleistocene period, the western part of China physical features constantly rises, the arid climate district constantly enlarges.The rock mass that the sandstone of these area surface depositions, silt mud stone and grit rock etc. relatively loosen constantly by weathering and erosion, becomes a large amount of detrital materials under the sun and wind action.The detrital material that these sizes mix disintegration from the mountain is got off, and beginning piles up at the foot of the hill.Under the effect of flood, be flushed to piedmont belt far away, form large-area flood plain.Whenever dry season, it is aerial that the fine sand in the detrital material under large wind action on the flood plain and dust are blown to the sky, and wherein dust is blown to the outer area of a thousand li, has formed the loess plateau; Near those fine sands then are carried to by wind, form the desert.The gravel that size ratio is larger then has been left on the original place, has just formed Gobi desert landforms of today.The Gobi desert is that rough sand, gravel cover the desert landform on the hard stratum.By origin cause of formation gravel matter Gobi desert can be divided into weathering, water becomes and eolian three kinds.
Gobi desert soil mainly is carbonaceous soil (being imbued with carbon), Gypsisol (containing gypsum), the coarse gravel soil of taupe and brown, often combines with rocky sabkha and clay.The ground component is take thick gravel or basement rock as main.The stone matter Gobi Region that forms through peneplanation, the overwhelming majority is the basement rock that coating thin layer gravel sand scabbles, water and soil extremely lacks, the difficult growth of vegetative pole.On the gravel Gobi desert that is covered by the thick-layer deposit, the ground component is different everywhere, but to have a certain proportion of gravel and to have significant " gravel face " as common denominator.Water scarcity belongs to endorheism, rainwash rare (how flowing into by the district is outer), and subterranean water level is lower.Also there are more surface water and underground water in some areas, particularly two sides, river and edge, basin, for the Development and improvement Gobi desert provides advantage.Soil is take the lower brown desert soil of fertility, greyish brown desert soil and brown soil as main, and soil layer is thin, and quality is thick, moisture and nutrient dificiency, and salt content is abundant.The desert water system mainly is underground; The river, ground does not almost have permanent current.The mountain region current are confined to the edge, Gobi desert, and are even so, also dry soon when they flow into lowland loose soil or many salt, sealing.Many rivers are only at flowing water in summer.On the other hand, underground water but extensively distributes, and the degree of enriching is enough to competent herding.Weather is extremely continental and dry: winter severe cold, and spring is dry and cold, and summer is warm.
The natural ecological environment in Gobi desert is very abominable, and vegetation is rare, and growing environment is bad, is not suitable for plant growth.Because the existence of a large amount of gravels, the moisture in Gobi desert and nutrient are difficult for being stored.Simultaneously, the movement of Gobi desert sandstone causes road to be buried, the series of problems such as context deterioration.One of difficult problem of facing of engineers and technicians to the transformation in Gobi desert always.
In sum, a kind of Gobi desert control measures is obtained in expectation, make the Gobi desert have the same stability of soil, moisture capacity, gas permeability and have the storage nutrient function, namely, make Gobi desert " soil ", fundamentally solve the difficult problem that the Gobi desert is difficult to water conservation retaining and storage nutrient, make its plant growth preferably, and then the Gobi desert is governed
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert, utilize the husky body of modification to pave in the surface, Gobi desert.The husky body of this modification has the same stability of soil, moisture capacity, gas permeability and has the function of storage nutrient, namely, make Gobi desert " soil ", fundamentally solve the difficult problem that the Gobi desert is difficult to water conservation retaining and storage nutrient, make its plant growth preferably, and then fundamentally carry out the Gobi desert and administer.
The method of utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert of the present invention comprises the following steps:
A. prepare the husky body of modification:
A1. get solid-state organic substance that can be water-soluble and it is dissolved in the water, form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution;
A2. the solution of step a1 gained and husky body mix are namely formed the husky body of modification after evenly;
Described have behind cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body mix can the husky body particle of adhesion, and the husky body of the modification of formation is the particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution can stick between the husky body particle with solution; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy wherein can bond husky body particle and meet water after can again be dissolved in the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body particle of adhesion;
B. the local or selected position in the Gobi desert that comprehensively paves of the husky body of modification that step a is prepared.
The invention also discloses a kind of method of utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert, comprise the following steps:
A. prepare the husky body of modification:
A1. get sand, water and the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy;
A2. with the sand among the step a1, water with can water-soluble solid-state organic substance mix in any order and mix namely forms the husky body of modification after evenly;
The water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy is dissolved in the water and forms and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body particle of adhesion, and the husky body of the modification of formation is the particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution can stick between the husky body particle with solution; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy wherein can bond husky body particle and meet water after can again be dissolved in the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body particle of adhesion;
B. the local or selected position in the Gobi desert that comprehensively paves of the husky body of modification that step a is prepared.
Further, among the step b, paving thickness is greater than 5cm;
Further, have the water evaporation in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness solution between the husky body particle of the husky body of modification after, the water-soluble solid-state organic matter mass-energy of energy wherein is with husky body particle bond together; After the described water evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness solution, the weight ratio between solid matter wherein and the husky body is 1:30-8000;
Further, have interconnected pore and dead-end pore between the husky body particle of the husky body of modification;
Further, among the step a1, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy comprises one or both and the above mixture in natural polymer and modified material and the synthetic high polymer material;
Further, among the step a1, also add the natural polymer to be scattered in the described solution and one or both and above mixture in modified material and the synthetic high polymer material.
Further, among the step a2, also add one or both and above mixture in organic pluronic polymer, little molecule auxiliary agent, surfactant inorganic active powder or powder material, inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, solid substance and the pH value Auto-regulator;
Further, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy is one or both and above mixing or the copolymer in polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyethylene glycol, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the cellulose ether.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the method for utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert of the present invention, utilize the husky body of modification to have the characteristic that is similar to soil, such as on stability, both had certain adhesion between soil particle when wet, the variation that particle is arranged can occur again, so the soil when wet presents viscoelastroplasticity character to a certain extent; And the node between the soil particle when doing is restrained, and the restrained power of the arrangement between the particle is fixed, so the soil when doing presents certain solid property, and the soil when no matter being wet therefore or the soil when dried, the husky body of modification namely has this mechanical stability; Nourish one's nature and to go up from moisture capacity, storage, can store moisture, nutrient and air between the soil particle, and can also absorb again moisture after the moisture evaporation, and the husky body of the application's modification namely has the characteristic of water conservation retaining and storage nutrient; For different Gobi desert soil property, add a certain amount of pH value Auto-regulator, all right planting plants reaches preferably effect.
The husky body of modification is so that general husky body " soil ", fundamentally changed the interaction relationship between the husky body particle, consist of the particle pore structure with adhesion (cohesive strength), make husky body possess the stable and storage moisture as soil, the performance of nutrient; Husky structural reform obtained can absorb moisture, store moisture, nutrient and air and have the husky body of modification of certain mechanical stability, the solid condition of growth can be provided for plant, the selected surface in the Gobi desert that paves is the measure in desirable improvement Gobi desert; Simultaneously, the husky body of modification also can be used as the means of the husky resource of utilizing sandy beach, sand ground, owing to have above-mentioned characteristic, can also carry out planting.
The present invention has significant economy, exploitativeness and the feature of environmental protection.
At first, the husky body of the modification that the present invention forms is compared with existing sand fixing technology, and its disposable investment construction cost has certain economic benefit.The constraint material that the present invention adopts can form the husky body of the modification that meets the demands under the minimum condition of volume, as takes some can water-soluble solid-state organic substance to comprise one or both and above mixture in natural polymer and modification solid matter and the synthetic high polymer solid matter; As: one or both in polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyethylene glycol, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the cellulose ether and above mixing or copolymer, the constraint material only accounts for several one thousandths of husky body weight ratio, and material is chemical materials commonly used, material cost is also lower, therefore material cost is also lower in principle, and construction method is also comparatively simple, only adopt stirring to wait common process, machinery, labour cost is also lower, so comprehensive method of investment cost will have considerable economy.Take sodium carboxymethylcellulose as example, add 20kg sodium carboxymethylcellulose material in 1 cubic metre of water, the market unit price is 10 yuan/kg; About 4 cubic metres of the husky body of correctability is considered 100 yuan of artificial, machine costs, and then the husky body of modification is 1 cubic metre, cost is 75 yuan, be layed in husky surface by 10cm, 1 cubic metre of husky body of modification can be laid 10 square metres, and then the disposable input cost of the husky body Desert Control of modification is 7.5 yuan/square metre.
Secondly, the husky body of the modification that the present invention forms has recyclability, behind the investment construction, the husky body of modification can be planted each Plants, and the husky physical efficiency of modification is stablized root system of plant, and the root system of plant stabilized sand body conversely, and the rhizome that rots, leaf etc. can be used as again nutrient, and for husky structural reform appearance becomes benign cycle, the Gobi desert will really become available class land resources, have the advantages that once invest long-term gain, thus its indirectly economy with inestimable.
Exploitativeness of the present invention is stronger.It is existing chemical industry common used material that the present invention adopts material, be chemical industry thickening material commonly used such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyethylene glycol, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and cellulose ether, production method is simple, feasible, cost is lower, the construction method of the present invention's employing is simple in addition, master operation is the preparation that minute is spread on husky liquid solution and the mix of the husky body of modification, so the present invention is easy to grasp, and implementation is stronger.
The present invention also has the feature of environmental protection, and constraint material of the present invention can adopt the material that is rich in nutrition, and the growth that itself can be plant provides necessary nutrient, also can add therein the necessary nutrient of plant growth.The present invention can reconfigure, change according to doing of husky body is wet the constraint of husky body, has restorability.Constraint material of the present invention adopts material commonly used, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, itself also is food additives, environmentally safe, and expense is low, and is easy to implement.
In summary it can be seen that the technical measures of present patent application have realized the soil of husky body from principle, can utilize the husky body of modification fundamentally to play the effect of administering the Gobi desert, certainly, the husky body of modification also can be used for the desert, sand ground is administered.
Embodiment
The husky body of modification of the present invention, the method for utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert of the present invention comprises the following steps:
A. prepare the husky body of modification:
A1. get solid-state organic substance that can be water-soluble and it is dissolved in the water, form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution;
A2. the solution of step a1 gained and husky body mix are namely formed the husky body of modification after evenly;
Described have behind cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body mix can the husky body particle of adhesion, and the husky body of the modification of formation is the particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution can stick between the husky body particle with solution; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy wherein can bond husky body particle and meet water after can again be dissolved in the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body particle of adhesion;
B. the local or selected position in the Gobi desert that comprehensively paves of the husky body of modification that step a is prepared.
The method that the present invention also can adopt another kind to utilize the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert only is the hybrid mode that the water-soluble solid-state organic substance selection of sand, water and energy is different from the difference of said method; Specifically comprise the following steps:
A. prepare the husky body of modification:
A1. get sand, water and the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy;
A2. with the sand among the step a1, water with can water-soluble solid-state organic substance mix in any order and mix namely forms the husky body of modification after evenly;
The water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy is dissolved in the water and forms and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body particle of adhesion, and the husky body of the modification of formation is the particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution can stick between the husky body particle with solution; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy wherein can bond husky body particle and meet water after can again be dissolved in the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body particle of adhesion;
B. the local or selected position in the Gobi desert that comprehensively paves of the husky body of modification that step a is prepared.
The husky body of modification in two kinds of methods does not have essential distinction, and regardless of order by merging, the final material that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution that forms has thickening property and water-soluble, could obtain cohesiveness and adhering solution, the realization goal of the invention; General Requirements have the husky body of the modification that forms behind cohesiveness and adhering solution and sand (the order by merging is not limit) mix have the characteristics of plastically deformable or form rarer state and the moisture evaporation after have plasticity.
In the present embodiment, among the step b, paving thickness is greater than 5cm; Has enough intensity to be applicable to control of desert.
In the present embodiment, have the water evaporation in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness solution between the husky body particle of the husky body of modification after, the water-soluble solid-state organic matter mass-energy of energy wherein is with husky body particle bond together; After the described water evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness solution, the weight ratio between solid matter wherein and the husky body is 1:30-8000; The husky body soil of formed modification can be realized the modification of husky body better in this proportion, and its characteristic more can press close to be fit to the soil of plant growth.
In the present embodiment, have interconnected pore and dead-end pore between the husky body particle of the husky body of modification; The husky body porosity of modification of the present invention can be greater than the porosity of discrete husky body, and also greater than the interconnected pore rate of normal soil, and husky body has soil characteristics; This hole can be stored moisture, nutrient and air, makes it have more soil characteristics, can adapt to plant growth.
In the present embodiment, among the step a1, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy comprises one or both and the above mixture in natural polymer and modification solid matter and the synthetic high polymer solid matter; As: one or both in polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyethylene glycol, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the cellulose ether and above mixing or copolymer; Take the low-cost and solid matter that plays expectation function as main; Can be not limited to above-mentioned listed solid matter by water-soluble solid-state organic substance, have the solid matter identical or close with listed solid matter character and all can realize purpose, prerequisite be final form have cohesiveness and adhering solution, and this solid matter has thickening property and water-soluble in water, could realize goal of the invention, not repeat them here.
In the present embodiment, among the step a1, also add the natural polymer to be scattered in the described solution and one or both and above mixture in modified material and the synthetic high polymer material.
In the present embodiment, among the step a2, also add one or both and above mixture in organic pluronic polymer, little molecule auxiliary agent, surfactant, inorganic active powder or powder material, inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, solid substance and the pH value Auto-regulator; The organic polymer auxiliary agent, little molecule auxiliary agent and surfactant can be selected such as glycerine, pentaerythrite, triethanolamine, the alkyl carboxylate, alkyl sulfate, alkylphosphonic, alkylsulfonate, alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, alkyl uncle ammonium salt, the secondary ammonium salt of alkyl, the alkyl tert ammonium salt, alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, beet alkali surface activator, amino acid type surfactant, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, polyoxyethylene alkyl amine, polyoxyethylene alkylamide, EPE polyol EPE etc.; Improve or the cohesiveness of regulator solution in the husky body of modification, adhesiveness, toughness, levelability, dispersiveness, water-soluble, water imbibition, foaminess, defoaming or/and construction workability etc.; Such as inorganic active powder or powder material and inorganic nonactive powder or the powder material is optional selects such as diatomite, bentonite, white carbon, flyash, talcum powder, calcium powder and other inorganic powder etc., improve or regulate the grating of the husky body of modification or suction, water conservation, the toughness reinforcing performance of the husky body of modification; Solid substance can be some entity foreign material that Sha Tizhong carries, and perhaps the later stage adds, such as rigidity or flexible fiber, fabric, rattan, film tape, sheet etc., stability, crack resistance or the toughness of improving or regulating the husky body of modification; The pH value Auto-regulator, such as adding acid, alkaline Auto-regulator, such as lime, Cosan, ferrous sulfate powder, vinegar liquid, pine soil, the material of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other improvement or the husky body Acidity of Aikalinity of adjusting modification.
The organic polymer auxiliary agent that adds, little molecule auxiliary agent, surfactant, inorganic active powder or powder material, inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, solid substance and pH value Auto-regulator are not limited to above-mentioned listed material, have the material identical or close with listed physical property and all can realize purpose, prerequisite is that the soil characteristic to the husky body of modification has facilitation, does not repeat them here.
Certainly, also can add water-absorbing resins, modified starch, modified cellulose, polyacrylate and copolymer analog thereof, polyacrylamide and copolymer analog thereof, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethenoxy ether class, soybean protein class, silk-fibroin class, pectin, alginic acid, shitosan and modifier thereof, the compound of the blend of super absorbent resin, super absorbent resin and inorganic matter gel etc., suction and the storage capacity of the husky body of raising modification; Perhaps add fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, such as the binary compound fertilizer of organic composite fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer or two-nutrient compound fertilizer nitrogen phosphorus, nitrogen potassium and phosphorus potassium and nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium etc., increase character, the level etc. of increasing soil fertility of the husky body of modification, all can improve the combination property of the husky body of modification, be suitable for plant growth.
Experiment shows, can repeatedly be dissolved in the water and in water, have thickening property and water-soluble, then can form the material with cohesiveness and adhesiveness solution has multiple, do not repeat them here, such as: one or both in polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyethylene glycol, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the cellulose ether and above mixing or copolymer; After being dissolved in the water, not only can be in larger volume (moisture evaporation after solid content) situation (be 5～10% even 10～20% or 20% or more such as mass percent) make and have cohesiveness and adhering solution, and can be in the situation of less volume, such as below 5%, even below 1%, make and have cohesiveness and adhering solution.Also can add some auxiliary agent during use, further improve or improve cohesiveness and the adhesiveness of solution; Inorganic substances and organic substance also can be composite, and we are desired to have cohesiveness and adhering solution to obtain.
With husky body with described have that cohesiveness and adhering solution (containing nutrient) mix and mix after, just can form and have the husky body of modification soil property, particle+constraint+hole (also can be husky, water and solid-state organic substance that can be water-soluble mixes also mix and form by different order); When wet, moisture and nutrient are stored in the solution and solution sticks in the hole between the husky body particle, so the husky body of modification not only has the character that the water conservation storage is supported, and have viscoelastroplasticity character the soil that picture wets; When dried, particle between the husky body of the fixed rear bonding modification of the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of the energy that originally was dissolved in the water, so, the husky body of modification has the character of the porous solid as the soil of doing, and, described material after fixed can absorb moisture and again be dissolved in the water, so the husky body of modification also has the absorption moisture ability of (containing nutrient).
In the husky body structure of the modification of particle+constraint+hole, because the constraint that makes husky body particle produce adhesion (cohesive strength) (is solution when moisture is large as the material that adds originally, moisture hour changes solid gradually into), behind the material filling pore, the hole of the husky body of modification can be less than the hole of the discrete husky body before unmodified, yet, because behind husky body and the formed solution mix of material, no longer be directly to contact completely between the husky body particle, described material is arranged between the contact point, so that the increase of the spacing between the husky body (and after the evaporation of the moisture in the formed solution of material, the solid content of material itself is less, its ratio that occupies hole is little), therefore, variation along with " pine " " tightly " that contacts between the particle, the hole of the husky body of modification also can greater than in addition be far longer than the hole of the discrete husky body before the modification, to sum up, the hole of the husky body of modification both can less than, also can be greater than the hole of the discrete husky body before the modification, experiment shows, the porosity of the husky body of modification can change between 10～80%, this porosity ranges is not only greater than discrete husky body, and greater than the soil of nearly all type, this just shows, we can regulate by different proportionings and structure the porosity of modification sand body, make husky body contain the moisture of our expectation, nutrient and air.Moreover, in the particle pore structure of the husky body of modification, both had the interconnected pore, and also had the dead-end pore, wherein the interconnected pore rate is 5-70%, and the husky body of modification can be by interconnected pore and the outside exchange that water and air occurs.
In the structure owing to particle+constraint+hole in the husky body of modification, the porosity of the husky body of the restraining force of constraint material (material) and modification can be regulated, so, after the moisture evaporation in the husky body of modification, the intensity of the porous solid as dried earth that forms can be regulated in a very large scope, intensity is when 10Kpa is following, the husky body of modification is the solid that relatively loosens, intensity is between 10～50Kpa the time, and the husky body of modification is preferably loose solid of moulding, after intensity surpasses 50Kpa, the husky body of modification toughens gradually, the harder husky body of modification in order to obtain doing can by regulating constraint and porosity, reach more than the 200Kpa its intensity.
The husky body of the modification that is become by sand, be exactly a kind of " soil " at mechanical state, have rheology (when wetting) and solid (when doing) two states, and, " soil " of the solid state of doing can be converted into " soil " of wet rheology after absorbing moisture, and " soil " of wet rheology can be converted into " soil " of dried solid state after the moisture evaporation, by regulating constraint and the space between the particle, we can regulate rheology (such as viscoelastroplasticity) or the solid property of the husky body of modification this " soil ", obtain from " husky body " to " loam " to various " clay ", " soil " of suitable variety classes plant growth; Therefore, sand is become " soil " by the husky body of modification of the present invention, make the mode in Gobi desert for utilizing husky structural reform.
Difference according to modification purpose, construction requirement or economy, can prepare low viscous solution (viscosity 100mpas is following), also can prepare moderately viscous solution (viscosity is between 100mpas～5000mpas), also configurable full-bodied solution (viscosity is greater than 5000mpas) forms the husky body of modification with husky body mix.
After preparation forms the husky body of modification, because the husky body of modification and the extraneous exchange that moisture can occur, so, the water content of solution can change in the husky body of modification, and then, the viscosity of the solution in the husky body of modification except relevant with the material behavior of the material that adds and, also the variation with water content is relevant, but after the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness solution, the solid content of material is geostationary, so we can with the weight ratio of the material that added and husky body as controlled quentity controlled variable, determine the volume of described material.Difference according to material character, the kind with the material in cohesiveness and the adhering solution and the volume that add in the husky body of modification can be selected in a larger scope, after the moisture evaporation, the weight ratio of the husky body of the material that adds and modification is in the 1:30-8000 scope time, and we all can obtain requiring and the husky body of modification that expectation obtains based on different modification purposes.
The husky body of the modification that obtains based on the particle constraint principles, its constraint not only can produce adhesion between sand grain, and can between husky body and other material, produce adhesion, when so Sha Tizhong is doped with an amount of gravel, plant roots, stem, skin, animal wastes, corpse residue etc., can not change the character that has soil characteristics on its main body, so, method based on the particle constraint, we not only can transform simple husky or husky body, and can transform the wasteland that husky and other material are contained in Gobi desert etc.; Utilize this character, we in addition can add rigidity or flexible fiber, fabric, rattan, film tape, sheet etc., stability, crack resistance or the toughness of improving or regulating the husky body of modification; Except can adding the various fertilizer that can be dissolved in the water, nutrient, other fertilizer also can be constrained in the husky body of modification, for plant growth provides nutrition; We can also add water-absorbing resins, acid-base accommodation material etc., improve the soda acid performance of the husky body of suction, water retention property or modification of the husky body of modification.
Specific embodiments of the invention:
Embodiment one: comprise the following steps:
A. prepare the husky body of modification:
A1. solid-state organic substance that can be water-soluble is selected polyvinyl alcohol;
With polyvinyl alcohol and water according to the weight ratio of the 5:100 formation solution that stirs;
A2. get the husky body of 1000kg, get again the solution 200kg that polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the water and forms, toward husky body in, add solution, then mix and stir, form modification sand body; Polyvinyl alcohol in the husky body of modification and the weight ratio of husky body are 1:105.0;
B paves the husky body of modification and simulates the surface, Gobi desert at utilize rubble, alkaline husky body (native content is many with respect to general husky body) with certain area, the about 10cm of paving thickness, the husky body moisture of modification is preserved good, under Chongqing region weather conditions in spring, evaporation discharge is less, gets partially modified husky body, takes the measures such as oven dry, after making its surperficial dehydration, harden and be integral body in the husky surface of modification; Water is sprinkled upon the husky surface of modification after the dehydration, the material in the husky body of modification is with moisture absorption again, and husky body is again plastic wetting state;
Corn seed is planted in the husky body of modification, after 1 week, under field conditions (factors) corn seed germination, and gradually growth, this plant and the indifference of growth final result and soil plantation; Certainly, need to add necessary nutriment in the husky body of modification, such as various fertilizer.
In the present embodiment, also adding following material does in addition also interpolation and can be scattered in inorganic matter in the water and organic matter (such as the material that can disperse and swell in the water, comprise starch, polyacrylamide etc.) etc. and organic polymer auxiliary agent, little molecule auxiliary agent and surfactant, present embodiment has been selected pentaerythrite, triethanolamine and alkyl carboxylate, improve or the cohesiveness of regulator solution in the husky body of modification, adhesiveness, toughness, levelability, dispersiveness, water-soluble, water imbibition, foaminess, defoaming or/and construction workability; Inorganic active powder or powder material and inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, present embodiment has been selected diatomite, improves or the grating of the husky body of adjusting modification or suction, water conservation, the toughness reinforcing performance of the husky body of modification; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics.
Embodiment two: comprise the following steps:
A. prepare the husky body of modification:
A1. solid-state organic substance that can be water-soluble is selected hydroxypropyl methylcellulose;
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and water stirred according to the weight ratio of 0.2:100 form solution;
A2. get the husky body of 1000kg, get Gonak 190kg again, husky body is mixed with solution and stir, form modification sand body, the material hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in the modification sand body and the weight ratio of husky body are 1:2637;
B paves the husky body of modification and simulates the surface, Gobi desert at utilize rubble, alkaline husky body (native content is many with respect to general husky body) with certain area, the about 10cm of paving thickness, the husky body moisture of modification is preserved good, under Chongqing region weather conditions in spring, evaporation discharge is less, meet water after the husky body water evaporates of modification, husky body grain is bonded in again together again, and husky body is plastic wetting state;
The husky surface of modification spreading grass-seed, after 1 week, in the husky body of modification, under the condition of moisture grass-seed is germinateed, and gradually growth, this plant and the indifference of growth final result and soil plantation; Certainly, need to add necessary nutriment in the husky body of modification, such as various fertilizer.
In the present embodiment, also adding following material does experiment in addition: also interpolation can be scattered in inorganic matter in the water and organic matter (such as the material that can disperse and swell in the water, comprise starch, polyacrylamide etc.) etc. and organic polymer auxiliary agent, little molecule auxiliary agent and surfactant, present embodiment has been selected alkyl tert ammonium salt, alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, beet alkali surface activator, improve or the cohesiveness of regulator solution in the husky body of modification, adhesiveness, toughness, levelability, dispersiveness, water-soluble, water imbibition, foaminess, defoaming or/and construction workability; Inorganic active powder or powder material and inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, present embodiment has been selected flyash and talcum powder, improves or the grating of the husky body of adjusting modification or suction, water conservation, the toughness reinforcing performance of the husky body of modification; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics; Also add some flexible fibers, fabric, rattan, film tape, sheet etc., improved or regulated stability, crack resistance or the toughness of the husky body of modification; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics.
Embodiment three: comprise the following steps:
A. prepare the husky body of modification:
A1 can select sodium carboxymethylcellulose by water-soluble solid-state organic substance;
With sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water according to the weight ratio of the 1:100 formation solution that stirs;
A2 gets the husky body of 1000kg, gets carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution 210kg again, husky body and carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution are mixed and stirs, and forms the husky body of modification, and the material sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the husky body of modification and the weight ratio of husky body are: 1:481.0;
B. the husky body of modification is paved and have the rubble that utilizes of certain area, surface, the husky body of alkalescence (native content is many with respect to general husky body) simulation Gobi desert, the about 15cm of paving thickness, the husky body moisture of modification is preserved good, under the weather conditions in spring of Chongqing, evaporation discharge is less, the husky external sight of modification and soil are similar, get partially modified husky body, take the measures such as oven dry, make its surperficial dehydration after, the husky surface of modification is hardened into whole, has some strength, if water is sprinkled upon the husky surface of modification after the dehydration, the material in the husky body of modification is with moisture absorption again, and husky body is again plastic wetting state;
At the husky surface of modification spreading Chinese cabbage seed, after 1 week, in the husky body of modification, under the condition of moisture vegetable seed is germinateed, and gradually growth, this plant and the indifference of growth final result and soil plantation; Certainly, need to add necessary nutriment in the husky body of modification, such as various fertilizer.
In the present embodiment, also adding following material does experiment in addition: also interpolation can be scattered in inorganic matter in the water and organic matter (such as the material that can disperse and swell in the water, comprise starch, and the organic polymer auxiliary agent polyacrylamide etc.) etc., little molecule auxiliary agent and surfactant, present embodiment has been selected alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, beet alkali surface activator, amino acid type surfactant improves or the cohesiveness of regulator solution in the husky body of modification, adhesiveness, toughness, levelability, dispersed, water-soluble, water imbibition, foaminess, defoaming is or/and construction workability; Inorganic active powder or powder material and inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, present embodiment has been selected bentonite and white carbon, improves or the grating of the husky body of adjusting modification or suction, water conservation, the toughness reinforcing performance of the husky body of modification; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics; Also add some flexible fibers, fabric, rattan, film tape, sheet etc., improved or regulated stability, crack resistance or the toughness of the husky body of modification; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics.
Embodiment four: comprise the following steps:
A. prepare the husky body of modification:
A1. solid-state organic substance that can be water-soluble is selected sodium carboxymethylcellulose;
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water are dissolved formation solution according to the weight ratio of 2.5:100;
A2. get the husky body of 1000kg, get carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution 173kg again, husky body and carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution are mixed and stir, form the husky body of modification, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the husky body of modification and the weight ratio of husky body are: 1:237.0;
B. the husky body of modification is paved and simulate the surface, Gobi desert at utilize rubble, alkaline husky body (native content is many with respect to general husky body) with certain area, the about 20cm of paving thickness, the husky body moisture of modification is preserved good, and under the weather conditions in spring of Chongqing, the water conservation effect is better; The husky external sight of modification and soil are similar, get partially modified husky body, take the measures such as oven dry, after making its surperficial dehydration, the husky surface of modification is hardened into whole, if water is sprinkled upon the husky surface of modification after the dehydration again, material in the husky body of modification is with moisture absorption, and husky body is again plastic wetting state;
At the husky surface plantation of modification peanut seed, after 1 week, in the husky body of modification, under the condition of moisture peanut seed is germinateed, and gradually growth, peanut and the indifference of growth final result and soil plantation; Certainly, need to add necessary nutriment in the husky body of modification, such as various fertilizer.
In the present embodiment, also adding following material does experiment in addition: also interpolation can be scattered in inorganic matter in the water and organic matter (such as the material that can disperse and swell in the water, comprise starch, polyacrylamide etc.) etc. and organic polymer auxiliary agent, little molecule auxiliary agent and surfactant, present embodiment has been selected alkyl uncle ammonium salt, the secondary ammonium salt of alkyl, alkyl tert ammonium salt, improve or the cohesiveness of regulator solution in the husky body of modification, adhesiveness, toughness, levelability, dispersiveness, water-soluble, water imbibition, foaminess, defoaming or/and construction workability; Inorganic active powder or powder material and inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, present embodiment has been selected diatomite and bentonite, improves or the grating of the husky body of adjusting modification or suction, water conservation, the toughness reinforcing performance of the husky body of modification; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics; Also add some flexible fibers, fabric, rattan, film tape, sheet etc., improved or regulated stability, crack resistance or the toughness of the husky body of modification; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics.
Embodiment five: comprise the following steps:
A. prepare the husky body of modification:
A1. solid-state organic substance that can be water-soluble is selected methylcellulose and sodium carboxymethylcellulose;
To form methylcellulose and sodium carboxymethylcellulose composite solution after the weight ratio dissolving according to 0.4:0.7:100 of methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water;
A2. get the husky body of 1000kg, get again the solution 246kg that methylcellulose and sodium carboxymethylcellulose are compounded to form, husky body and solution are mixed and stir, the material methylcellulose in the husky body of modification and the weight ratio of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and husky body are: 1:373.6;
B. the husky body of modification is paved and simulate the surface, Gobi desert at utilize rubble, alkaline husky body (native content is many with respect to general husky body) with certain area, the about 25cm of paving thickness, the husky body moisture of modification is preserved good, good water-retaining property under the weather conditions in spring of Chongqing; The husky external sight of modification and soil are similar, get partially modified husky body, take the measures such as oven dry, after making its surperficial dehydration, the husky surface of modification is hardened into whole, if water is sprinkled upon the husky surface of modification after the dehydration again, material in the husky body of modification is with moisture absorption, and husky body is again plastic wetting state;
At the husky surface plantation of modification eggplant rice shoot, after 1 week, the eggplant growing way is better under the condition of moisture in the husky body of modification, this plant and the indifference of growth final result and soil plantation.Certainly, need to add necessary nutriment in the husky body of modification, such as various fertilizer.
In the present embodiment, also adding following material does experiment in addition: also interpolation can be scattered in inorganic matter in the water and organic matter (such as the material that can disperse and swell in the water, comprise starch, polyacrylamide etc.) etc. and organic polymer auxiliary agent, little molecule auxiliary agent and surfactant, present embodiment has been selected alkylsulfonate, alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, alkyl uncle ammonium salt, improve or the cohesiveness of regulator solution in the husky body of modification, adhesiveness, toughness, levelability, dispersiveness, water-soluble, water imbibition, foaminess, defoaming or/and construction workability; Inorganic active powder or powder material and inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, present embodiment has been selected diatomite and bentonite, improves or the grating of the husky body of adjusting modification or suction, water conservation, the toughness reinforcing performance of the husky body of modification; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics; Also add some flexible fibers, fabric, rattan, film tape, sheet etc., improved or regulated stability, crack resistance or the toughness of the husky body of modification; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics.
Embodiment six: comprise the following steps:
A. prepare the husky body of modification:
But solid-state organic substance that a1. can be water-soluble is selected hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and dispersed substance cationic starch;
But hydroxypropyl methylcellulose dispersed substance cationic starch and the water weight ratio according to 0.2:2:100 is stirred, and heat that to form composite solution after the gelatinization for subsequent use;
A2. get the husky body of 1000kg, get again composite solution 231kg, husky body and solution are mixed and stir, form the husky body of modification, alkaline soluble materials hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in the husky body of modification and the weight ratio of husky body are: 1:2168.7, and the total material hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in the husky body of modification and the weight ratio of cationic starch and husky body are: 1:201.1;
B. the husky body of modification is paved and simulate the surface, Gobi desert at utilize rubble, alkaline husky body (native content is many with respect to general husky body) with certain area, the about 30cm of paving thickness, the husky body moisture of modification is preserved good, under the weather conditions in spring of Chongqing, the husky external sight of modification and soil are similar, get partially modified husky body, take the measures such as oven dry, after making its surperficial dehydration, the husky surface of modification can be bonded to piece, if water is sprinkled upon the husky surface of modification after the dehydration, the material in the husky body of modification is with moisture absorption again, and husky body is again plastic wetting state;
In the husky body of modification the plantation wheat seed and between plant corn, piecemeal plantation soybean and peanut, above-mentioned seed germinates gradually after 1 week, and gradually growth, growth is better; Certainly, need to add necessary nutriment in the husky body of modification, such as various fertilizer.
In the present embodiment, also adding following material does experiment in addition: also interpolation can be scattered in inorganic matter in the water and organic matter (such as the material that can disperse and swell in the water, comprise starch, polyacrylamide etc.) etc. and organic polymer auxiliary agent, little molecule auxiliary agent and surfactant, present embodiment has been selected alkylsulfonate, alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, alkyl uncle ammonium salt, improve or the cohesiveness of regulator solution in the husky body of modification, adhesiveness, toughness, levelability, dispersiveness, water-soluble, water imbibition, foaminess, defoaming or/and construction workability; Inorganic active powder or powder material and inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, present embodiment has been selected diatomite and bentonite, improves or the grating of the husky body of adjusting modification or suction, water conservation, the toughness reinforcing performance of the husky body of modification; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics; Also add some flexible fibers, fabric, rattan, film tape, sheet etc., improved or regulated stability, crack resistance or the toughness of the husky body of modification; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics.
In above-described embodiment, along with the evaporation of moisture, the husky body porosity of modification and interconnected pore rate are in excursion, and interconnected pore rate scope is 5～70%, and generally speaking, the interconnected pore rate is suitable for the water conservation drought resisting 15～50%, and suitable plant growth.
In above-described embodiment, also plantation has the multiple dish seedlings such as tomato, cucumber, also can plant flowers, trees etc., can plant the rice shoots such as corn, capsicum equally, and growing way is all better, and is the same with the soil planting effect, but the result and edible also such as the tomato of plantation, cucumber.
In above-described embodiment, with wider scope enumerated can be water-soluble in the husky body of modification solid-state organic substance and the weight ratio of husky body, after a large number of experiments show that again, solid-state organic substance that can be water-soluble is different from the weight ratio of husky body, form the husky body of modification and also have different, when the weight ratio of solid-state organic substance (material is determined) that can be water-soluble and husky body more hour, the water conservation effect suitably reduces, when the weight ratio of solid-state organic substance (material is determined) that can be water-soluble and husky body is larger, the water conservation effect is better, but, what adapt therewith is, adhesion strength between the grains of sand also increases with the rising of the weight ratio of husky body along with solid-state organic substance (material is determined), along with solid-state organic substance (material is determined) reduces with the reduction of the weight ratio of husky body; When the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy reaches 1:8000 with husky body weight ratio, the husky body of modification still has certain water retention, still has adhesion strength between the grains of sand, but decreases, and can growing plant, but must suitably water to guarantee growth conditions; And when water-soluble solid-state organic substance and husky body weight increasing to 1:30, adhesion strength is larger between the grains of sand of the husky body of modification, the water conservation effect is better, but the husky body of modification itself has the phenomenon of hardening, it is very obvious to be used for sand-fixing effect, certainly, also can be used for plant growth, the husky body of modification that just has the phenomenon that hardens is unfavorable for the growth of root system of plant; That is to say, in according to the present invention to the requirement of solid-state organic substance physical property that can be water-soluble, the consumption of solid-state organic substance that can be water-soluble fixes the sand relatively at most, water conservation, grains of sand adhesion strength are better, otherwise can reduce, and above-mentioned scope not merely is 1:8000 to 1:30, also can suitably reduce or increase, the husky body of the modification of formation all has institute expect or foreseeable effect, but is suitable in the desert and formation is similar to soil and then need adopts OK range for plant growth.
Above-described embodiment can not all alternative materials of limit, also have much such as the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy in can dissolved water, do not repeat them here, and all can realize goal of the invention, certainly, and take the low-cost and material that plays expectation function as main.
Certainly, the order by merging of said components can not limit protection scope of the present invention, can and can water-soluble solid-state organic substance mix in any order and mix and forming husky body, water, behind the mix, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy is dissolved in the water and forms and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body grain of adhesion and form the husky body of the modification with particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution can stick between the husky body grain with solution; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution, material is wherein met and can again be dissolved in the water behind the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body grain of adhesion; And, prove that by experiment the result of gained there is no obvious change.
On the husky body of this modification, during planting plants, whole modes of planting plants in the prior art soil be can adopt, membrane curing, booth growth comprised, to resist outside abominable natural environment; In a word, do not have the internal difference with planting plants in soil, do not repeat them here.
Contrast shows, have after cohesiveness and adhering liquid and sand mix form the husky body of modification described, the structure sheaf that paves again and form in common husky surface, the superficial layer that forms with described liquid is sprayed directly on common husky surface has the difference of essence, is embodied in:
The first, realize fundamental difference on the principle.
From the composition rule of particulate matter, the husky body of modification is to be based upon on the basis of " particle constraint " principle that the inventor proposes, and is a kind of thinking of brand-new sand " soil ".
Constraint type between the common sand is " contact ", its contact point only exists contact and frictional force, and without any the node adhesion with in conjunction with moment (such as node pulling force and moment), therefore, common sand can only be by contact and frictional force balancing gravity and external force, its node can not bearing tension and moment, otherwise husky body sudden change that particle arranges just will occur and unstability.
And after will having cohesiveness and adhering liquid and the husky body of sand mix formation modification, restraining force between its particle node is " adhesion ", it can either produce the restraining tensile force that separates between the opposing particle, can produce again the restraint moment that the opposing particle rotates, simultaneously, it can also produce node pressure and frictional force, therefore, it can limit all degree of freedom of particle, but this restriction is again limited, the particle node can also extend when producing constraint reaction, rotate and slip, therefore, its constraint type and common sand fundamental difference, that is to say that the husky body of modification both can be resisted external force, again can be under external force limited and stably motion.On the other hand, in the husky body of modification, being constrained to of husky body whole interior " adhering to constraint ", this constraint is to form after having cohesiveness and adhering liquid and sand mix, on microscopical structure, this constraint is after each sand surface uniform covers one deck adhesion layer, contact again between the particle and form, therefore, this constraint has universal property and restorability, that is to say, all can form " adhering to constraint " in the arbitrfary point contact between the particle, and after separating, again contact between the particle, this binding feature can be recovered.Therefore, the husky body of modification has all viscoelastroplasticity character of even isotropic of macroscopic view, and is the same with the mechanical characteristic of the soil that wets.
In case after the moisture evaporation in the husky body of modification, " adhering to constraint " just will become " fixed constraint ", namely, space arrangement between the sand will be fixed, and husky body can bearing load, has some strength, show as the character of porous solid, just as the soil of doing.Simultaneously, as previously mentioned, behind the chance water, " fixed constraint " becomes " adhering to constraint " again, and husky body becomes the viscoelastroplasticity body by solid.(when still wetting when no matter doing) has UNICOM, open space all the time in the husky body of modification, with the exchange of external world's generation moisture, nutrient and air.
But, if only have cohesiveness and adhering spray liquid in husky surface with described, only can form one deck adhesive film in husky surface, the liquid of infiltration under adhesive film is very limited, and after this layer adhesive film do, just become solid film, obviously, this method itself is not based on " particle constraint " principle and draws, with the thinking fundamental difference of sand " soil " yet.Be sprayed on adhesion layer (being thin layer after solidifying) and infiltration liquid in the very thin scope under adhesion layer thereof of husky surface, only formed constraint in husky surface, this constraint does not have all even isotropic nature by strong to weak, comes in and goes out very large with the character of soil; Adhesion layer (thin layer after the curing) resides in the sand grains surface, can be with the hole complete closed between the sand, and this and the husky body fundamental difference of the modification with UNICOM, open space are also with the thinking fundamental difference of soil; Constrain in that the husky body of modification is inner evenly, equivalence is had an effect in the husky body of modification, with the property class of natural soils seemingly, only have an effect near surface and spray layer, do not have the characteristic of natural soils.
The second, fundamental difference on the architectural characteristic.
On the structure dimension, the husky body of the modification that forms behind the mix, its physical dimension can be regulated as required, and paving thickness is changeable, when structural thickness is large, can plant the tall and big plant of plant, and structural thickness hour can be planted the short and small plant of plant; And the thickness that sprays layer only forms near surface, and its physical dimension is difficult to regulate as required.
On intensity and the wear properties, the husky body of the modification that forms behind the mix, what form is plate body, has the mechanical characteristic of plate, in the relatively little situation of the strength of materials, still possesses higher bearing capacity, reach the purpose of fixing the sand, and, the cracking of plate body or destruction, do not destroy the effect that it fixes the sand, consistent with stability with the intensity performance principle of soil layer; Simultaneously, the husky body of modification in its thickness range, the viscoelastroplasticity body when no matter being wet, or the porous solid when doing, all can either stablize the root system of plant, can adapt to again growth and the development of root system, consistent with the mechanical characteristic of soil curing plant and the development of adaptation root system of plant.But, spray the skin layer that forms, have the mechanical characteristic (very large with the characteristic difference of plate) of film, must guarantee enough intensity, just can reach the purpose of fixing the sand, the top layer is in case destroy, just be difficult to retrain the husky body under the top layer, its effect of fixing the sand just is difficult to performance; Simultaneously, not having additional constraint between the husky body particle under the surperficial top layer, still is the husky body of nature, can not stablize root system of plant, with the characteristic fundamental difference of soil.
On pore characteristic, the even pore distribution of the husky body of modification, the exchange of moisture, nutrient and air can occur with the external world in the open space that has UNICOM and contact with the external world, and sprays the skin layer that forms, and has sealed husky body and extraneous contacting.
At water conservation, on water storage and the evaporation characteristic, at first, the water conservation of the husky body of modification, the water storage principle is water directly to be stored in have in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid (as previously mentioned, removing solid matter in the liquid all is water), be difficult to evaporation and loss, water conservation with soil, Water storage characteristics is very similar, its water conservation, storage capacity is very strong, and this ability can be regulated in a larger scope, can adapt to the growth of various plant, the enforcement in Chongqing shows, by regulating the husky body of modification of the high storage capacity that match ratio obtains, can rice cultivation and flourish, until gather in the crops full paddy; Secondly, the evaporation characteristic of the husky body of modification is also similar with soil, and after the moisture evaporation in the surperficial grains of sand, inner moisture does not directly contact with extraneous, and slow evaporation keeps reasonably an evaporation and water storage gradient from top to bottom.Yet, spray the skin layer that forms, its water conservation, the husky body fundamental difference of the characteristic of water storage and evaporation and modification, just sprayed and resided in water in the skin layer, only can be penetrated into scope very little below the top layer, be easy to evaporate and form solid film with external world sealing, at this moment, film itself is without storage capacity, and its water storage principle is: utilize the free moisture in the husky body, Yin Wendu is uneven in temperature and evaporate, cohesion, the complex process that is hampered, finally make it rest near zone, film below, the water storage principle fundamental difference of the husky body of this water storage principle and soil and modification, the moisture of storage is few, only can adapt to the growth of minority plant.
The 3rd, the plantation of plant is different with growth characteristics.
At first, on the plantation characteristic of seed, implement contrast and show, for the husky body of modification, seed can be embedded in the husky body of modification, or is sown in the husky surface of modification, and is different according to the germination characteristic of seed, and various seeds all can germinating growth; And for the method for surface sprinkling adhesion layer, after various seeds are buried or broadcasted sowing, must spray thin layer to adhere to cover layer, still because the following moisture of surface coating is few, the seed that part is imbedded do not germinate or germination poor; Simultaneously because surface coating can seal seed (and moisture evaporates) after solidifying, the seed that broadcasts sowing after covering thin layer, the same situation that appearance is not germinateed or germination is poor.Therefore, the husky body of modification has the character of soil, seed sprouting preferably.
On the plantation characteristic of plant, implementing contrast shows, the husky body of modification can be planted each Plants, according to the difference of the husky body thickness of modification, can plant the short and small herbaceous plant of plant, also can plant the tall and big herbaceous plant of plant, also can plant shrub, and, can stablize in the situation of root system of plant at local thickness and the volume of the husky body of modification, also can plant high megaphanerophyte; But, after forming thin layer at spraying liquid and adhering to cover layer, the especially evaporation of the moisture in the thin layer cover layer and after forming solid thin-film layer, serike is that to destroy thin layer be cost, therefore, behind the sprinkling thin layer cover layer, any plant hardly suits to plant again; And serike is sprayed adhesion layer, few of real value afterwards again.
On the growth characteristics of plant, the general well-grown of plant in the husky body of modification is with general soil and indifference, difference according to the husky body thickness of modification, the husky body of modification can the short and small herbaceous plant of growth plant, but the also tall and big herbaceous plant of growth plant, and shrub and arbor also can grow, but, only spray in the situation about covering at thin layer, the general growing state of plant is relatively poor, and, the sand that the thin layer cover layer is following is difficult to the tall and big herbaceous plant of firm plant (such as corn etc.) and trees.
Need to prove, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a method of utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
A. prepare the husky body of modification:
A1. get solid-state organic substance that can be water-soluble and it is dissolved in the water, form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution;
A2. the solution of step a1 gained and husky body mix are namely formed the husky body of modification after evenly;
Described have behind cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body mix can the husky body particle of adhesion, and the husky body of the modification of formation is the particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution can stick between the husky body particle with solution; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy wherein can bond husky body particle and meet water after can again be dissolved in the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body particle of adhesion;
B. the local or selected position in the Gobi desert that comprehensively paves of the husky body of modification that step a is prepared.
2. a method of utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
A. prepare the husky body of modification:
A1. get sand, water and the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy;
A2. with the sand among the step a1, water with can water-soluble solid-state organic substance mix in any order and mix namely forms the husky body of modification after evenly;
The water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy is dissolved in the water and forms and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body particle of adhesion, and the husky body of the modification of formation is the particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution can stick between the husky body particle with solution; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy wherein can bond husky body particle and meet water after can again be dissolved in the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and the husky body particle of adhesion;
B. the local or selected position in the Gobi desert that comprehensively paves of the husky body of modification that step a is prepared.
3. the method for utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: among the step b, paving thickness is greater than 5cm.
4. the method for utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: after having the water evaporation in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness solution between the husky body particle of the husky body of modification, the water-soluble solid-state organic matter mass-energy of energy wherein with husky body particle bond together; After the described water evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness solution, the weight ratio between solid matter wherein and the husky body is 1:30-8000.
5. the method for utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: have interconnected pore and dead-end pore between the husky body particle of the husky body of modification.
6. the method for utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: among the step a1, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy comprises one or both and the above mixture in natural polymer and modified material and the synthetic high polymer material.
7. the method for utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: among the step a1, also add the natural polymer to be scattered in the described solution and one or both and above mixture in modified material and the synthetic high polymer material.
8. the method for utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: among the step a2, also add one or both and above mixture in organic pluronic polymer, little molecule auxiliary agent, surfactant inorganic active powder or powder material, inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, solid substance and the pH value Auto-regulator.
9. the method for utilizing the husky body of modification to administer the Gobi desert according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy is one or both and above mixing or the copolymer in polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyethylene glycol, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the cellulose ether.
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| US20060257213A1 (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2006-11-16 | Torfinn Johnsen | Soil membrane forming mixture |
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