CN103325246B - Dynamic detection method for various types of trucks - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is used for the dynamic detection method of various types of trucks, and involves the management of passing vehicles at the management point. Statistics; setting overload management points at the management points of expressway toll stations or general arterial roads is a kind of entrance adaptive overload management points; pre-detection of vehicle traffic information and vehicle overload information at the entrance of overload management points; pre-detected For the processing of vehicle traffic information, an adaptive dynamic detection threshold model is established as follows: θ _i ′=θ _i +λ · ω _i · Δθ _i , i=1, 2..., 5; dynamic detection is performed according to the workflow. The method of the present invention is suitable for the treatment of the overload problem of expressways or general arterial road sections with different vehicle types distribution, can effectively deal with the relationship between congestion at overload detection stations and effective management of overload, is closer to the actual traffic conditions of roads in my country, and realizes social and economic benefits of maximization.

Description

Dynamic detection method for various types of trucks

technical field

The technical solution of the present invention relates to the management of passing vehicles at the management point, in particular to a dynamic detection method for various types of trucks.

Background technique

With the rapid development of freight traffic, the management of overloading of multiple vehicles on expressways and trunk roads is becoming more and more important. However, at this stage, the research and development of dynamic detection methods for multi-vehicle overloading is limited to the technical performance of weighing equipment and improving the accuracy of weighing equipment. CN200710067150 discloses a fixed vehicle dynamic weighing system, which pre-checks the axle load and total weight of passing vehicles. CN200910186130 discloses a dynamic weighing system scheme and equipment for expressway toll stations. According to this scheme, the scale platform selected should be placed along the driveway, and one side of the scale platform can allow the axles of vehicles to pass in sequence, and measure according to the direction of the vehicle; Aiming at the collection of multi-point bearing data of the axle through the weighing platform, and then detecting the information collection of each axis passing through the weighing platform; according to the above information, the calculation of the speed, acceleration (subtraction) speed and driving direction of each axis; based on the corresponding speed , acceleration (subtraction) speed and direction of travel, and correct the weight measurement data of all axles to calculate the overall weight of the vehicle. CN201220119603.X reported the ETC linkage system of overrun pre-checking and truck weighing. The system is arranged at the front end of the entrance of the toll station. The entrance of the toll station is provided with the entrance of the ETC lane and the entrance of the MTC lane. The existing ETC lanes cooperate to realize the pre-detection of trucks overrunning, so as to prevent overrunning vehicles from entering the traffic road, and realize the weight-based charging of trucks under ETC.

Nowadays, it is not enough to manage the overloading of multi-vehicle models on expressways and general arterial roads. It is far from enough to limit it to fixed weighing. Vehicle queuing congestion phenomenon, the management point is forced to release all vehicles in severe congestion, which not only caused a certain amount of economic loss, but also caused a large number of seriously overloaded vehicles to escape from the law. Instantaneously changing conditions adjust the overload management threshold set by the overload management point equipment in real time, which can not only effectively limit severe overload, but also effectively prevent or alleviate traffic jams.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dynamic detection method for various types of trucks, which is to propose an adaptive dynamic detection threshold model on the basis of the fixed threshold value of the original system, which is used to detect highways and general arterial roads. For the management of multi-vehicle overloading, the overload management threshold set by the management point equipment itself is adjusted in real time according to the instantaneous change of truck traffic flow on expressways or general arterial roads.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a dynamic detection method for multiple types of trucks, the steps are:

The first step, preparatory work

Preliminary preparations include the understanding of the basic conditions of the road sections required for dynamic detection of various types of trucks and the statistics of traffic conditions at the entrance of the management point. The speed, the number of toll lanes and the number of entrances and exits in total at the entrance and exit of the expressway; the statistics of the annual traffic status data at the entrance of the management point include the annual traffic volume of trucks at the entrance of the management point, the percentage of the number of trucks of each type among the five types of trucks and its load;

The second step is to establish the plane layout of overload management points

According to the basic condition of the road section obtained in the first step and the statistical data of the traffic conditions at the entrance of the management point, the overload management point is set at the management point of the expressway toll station or the general arterial road. The overload management point is a kind of entrance adaptive overload management point , wherein the overload management points set up by expressway toll stations include pre-check systems, fine-check systems and toll islands, and the overload management points set up by the management points of general arterial highways include pre-check systems and fine-check systems, and the pre-check systems include road Testing equipment, camera monitoring equipment, vehicle separator, trigger, adaptive dynamic weighing equipment, weight display screen and indicator lights, fine inspection system includes control computer, workstation, static weighing platform and automatic barrier machine, toll island includes Automatic barrier machine and toll collection equipment, the above-mentioned road test equipment is set at the entrance of the overload management point, the camera monitoring equipment set on the roadside is connected with the control computer in the fine inspection system, and the vehicle separator and trigger are respectively set in the self-adaptive The front and rear sides of the dynamic weighing equipment are connected with the control computer in the precision inspection system. The weight display screen and indicator lights are set in front of the adaptive dynamic weighing equipment. Vehicles that are not overloaded continue to follow the original lane direction Driving, non-overloaded vehicles driving on the expressway will receive a pass card at the toll collection equipment on the toll island, and enter the expressway from the automatic barrier machine on the toll island. Overloaded vehicles that do not meet the road limit requirements will enter the overload treatment according to the indicated route Unloading in the area, and the fine inspection and re-inspection are carried out through the static weighing platform of the fine inspection system. After the fine inspection and re-inspection, the vehicles that meet the limit value requirements on the road directly receive the pass card at the workstation, and the automatic barrier machine in the overload processing area is automatically lifted. , the vehicle enters the expressway or general arterial road;

The third step is the detection of vehicle traffic information and vehicle overload information at the entrance of the overload management point

(1) Use the method of vehicle queuing detection based on video analysis to obtain the queuing length and queuing time of the management point

At the entrance of the overload management point, the aforementioned camera monitoring equipment is used to detect the presence of vehicles under daylight conditions, using the morphological edge detection method, and using the moving detection window method to realize vehicle queuing detection. At night, the headlights are used to detect vehicles. Realize vehicle queuing detection at night, thereby obtaining vehicle traffic information;

(2) Use the pre-inspection system to pre-inspect the vehicle for overloading

At the overload management point, the vehicle is pre-inspected for overload through the above-mentioned pre-inspection system, thereby obtaining vehicle overload information, and obtaining the detection information of overloaded trucks that need to be finely inspected;

(3) Processing of vehicle traffic information

The vehicle traffic information and vehicle overload information of the imported trucks obtained at the overload management point in the above steps (1) and (2) are collected by the control computer with the Intel Core processor as the core and processed in time to obtain the results, and the trucks pass through The license plate number, vehicle model, axle load, total weight and vehicle speed information of the pre-check system are all input into the control computer information management database in the above control computer, and are processed by the adaptive dynamic detection threshold model of the fourth step with the Intel Core processor By analyzing the above-mentioned data collected in the database, the distribution of the number, composition and overload of passing vehicles can be obtained;

The fourth step is the establishment of an adaptive dynamic detection threshold model

For the processing of the vehicle traffic information detected in the third step, an adaptive dynamic detection threshold model is established as follows:

θ _i ′＝θ _i +λ·ω _i ·Δθ _i , i=1, 2..., 5;

In the above formula:

θ′ _i ——the actual detection threshold of the i-th type vehicle in the dynamic detection system, that is, the adjusted threshold;

θ _i ——When the vehicle arrival rate or traffic volume is not considered, the initial threshold of the i-th type vehicle in the dynamic detection system, that is, the fixed threshold;

Δθ _i ——the threshold value increment produced by adding a truck of category i;

ω _i ——the proportion of the vehicle type i;

λ—the number of trucks waiting in line;

The fifth step is the workflow of the dynamic detection method for various types of trucks

The workflow of the dynamic detection method for various types of expressway trucks is:

Pre-check system detects traffic volume → reasonable threshold? Threshold self-adjustment → pre-check system detects weight; Pre-check system detects weight → overload? continue driving; Information prompt → enter the overload management point → the fine inspection system detects the weight → meets the road limit? Enter the overload processing area → unload → perform re-inspection Meet on-road limits? ; Get the pass card → enter the expressway;

The workflow of the dynamic detection method for multiple types of trucks on general arterial roads is:

Pre-check system detects traffic volume → reasonable threshold? Threshold self-adjustment → pre-check system detects weight; Pre-check system detects weight → overload? continue driving; Information prompt→Enter overload management point→Precision inspection system detects weight→Overload? Leaving the overload management point; Meet on-road limits? Enter the overload management area → uninstall → re-inspect Meet on-road limits? ; Fine → leave the overload management point.

The above-mentioned dynamic detection method for various types of trucks, the drive test equipment in the pre-check system is composed of three parts: sensors, microcontrollers and signal input and output components, and the connection of the sensors, microcontrollers and input and output components The method is: the inductance coil of the sensor is connected to the oscillating circuit of the signal input part, the microcontroller, namely the single-chip microcomputer, judges whether there is a vehicle passing through by measuring the frequency of the oscillating signal sent by the oscillating circuit, and finally the signal output part outputs the judgment result and displays the working condition. status indication.

The above-mentioned dynamic detection method for various types of trucks, the sensor is to dig a 1.8m-2.2m in length, 9mm-11mm in width and 1.3m-1.3m in depth under the ground 10mm-15mm of the over-limit and overload detection station. A 1.7m trench is wound along the trench with wires to form a square inductance coil with a size of 1.8m×1.3m～2.2m×1.7m. The two sections of the header lead to the signal input part oscillation circuit.

The above-mentioned dynamic detection method for various types of trucks, the microcontroller is a PIC16F877 single-chip microcomputer.

In the above dynamic detection method for various types of trucks, the signal input and output components are optically isolated switch input and output boards.

The above-mentioned dynamic detection method used for various types of trucks, said camera monitoring is used at the entrance of the overload management point, and under daylight conditions, the morphological edge detection method is used to detect the presence of vehicles, and the moving detection window method is used to realize vehicle queuing detection The method is referred to from the article "Vehicle Queue Length Detection Based on Video Analysis".

Table 1 lists the traffic flow of trucks of various models at the entrance of the Tianjin toll station on Jinji Expressway, showing the statistics of the annual traffic status at the entrance of the management point, including the annual traffic volume of trucks at the entrance of the management point, the percentage of 1 to 5 types of trucks in the number of trucks Proportions and their loading conditions.

Table 1 Traffic Flow of Freight Vehicles of Various Types at the Entrance of Tianjin Toll Station on Jinji Expressway

The above-mentioned dynamic detection methods for various types of trucks involve equipment and components obtained through commercial purchase, and the installation method of the equipment used and the connection method of the components used are all within the grasp of those skilled in the art.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with the prior art, the outstanding substantive features of the dynamic detection method for various types of trucks in the present invention are: the dynamic detection method for various types of trucks in the present invention, by analyzing the original There is a dynamic weighing system, considering the current classification of truck models in China and the diversification of truck models in China, based on the weight of various models on expressways or general arterial roads and the threshold increment caused by changes in the traffic volume of corresponding models Jointly determine the actual change value of the overload management threshold of this type of vehicle, improve the model applicable to a single vehicle type, and form a multi-vehicle adaptive dynamic detection threshold model, which is suitable for the governance of multi-vehicle overloading on expressways or general arterial roads in China. This model can adjust the overload management threshold set by the device itself in real time according to the instantaneous change of truck traffic flow on expressways or general arterial roads. When the flow of trucks increases, the threshold is automatically increased according to the increase in flow to improve the capacity of the overload management point and prevent or alleviate traffic congestion; when the flow of trucks decreases, the threshold is automatically lowered to protect road facilities and reduce damage to the road surface caused by overloaded trucks .

Compared with the prior art, the remarkable progress of the present invention for the dynamic detection method of various types of trucks is that: the adaptive dynamic overload control technology is adapted to the overloading problem of expressway or general arterial road section with different traffic flow and different vehicle types distribution. Governance can effectively deal with the relationship between congestion at expressway or general arterial road overload detection station and effective management of overload, so as to effectively prevent or alleviate traffic congestion at overload management points. The method of the invention is suitable for the treatment of the overloading problem of expressway or general arterial road sections with different vehicle types distribution, is closer to the actual traffic conditions of roads in my country, and realizes the maximization of social and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the plane layout of the expressway overload management point.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the plane layout of overload management points on general arterial highways.

Fig. 3 is a working flow chart of a dynamic detection method for various types of expressway trucks.

Fig. 4 is a working flow chart of a dynamic detection method for various types of trucks on general arterial roads.

In the figure: 1. Road test equipment, 2. Camera monitoring equipment, 3. Vehicle separator, 4. Trigger, 5. Adaptive dynamic weighing equipment, 6. Weight display screen, 7. Indicator light, 8. Control Computer, 9. Workstation, 10. Static weighing platform, 11. Automatic barrier machine in overload handling area, 12. Toll equipment, 13. Automatic barrier machine in toll island

Detailed ways

The embodiment shown in Figure 1 shows that the overload management point is set at the management point of the expressway and includes a pre-check system, a fine-check system and a toll island. machine, adaptive dynamic weighing equipment, weight display screen and indicator light, fine inspection system includes control computer, workstation, static weighing platform, automatic barrier machine, toll island includes automatic barrier machine and toll equipment. The drive test device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is set at the entrance of the overload management point to realize the arrival and departure detection of vehicles. The camera monitoring equipment 2 arranged on the roadside is connected with the control computer 8 in the precision inspection system, and is used to detect the queue length and queue time. The vehicle separator 3 and the trigger 4 are arranged on the front and rear sides of the adaptive dynamic weighing device 5 respectively, and are all connected with the control computer 8 in the precision inspection system. The vehicle separator 3 transmits the trigger signal of the separation of the front and rear vehicles to the The control computer 8 in the fine inspection system. The adaptive dynamic weighing device 5 realizes the pre-detection of the total vehicle weight, and adjusts the overload threshold value of the vehicle detection in real time according to the detection result of the queue length, so as to avoid causing traffic jams. The weight display screen 6 and the indicator light 7 are all arranged in front of the adaptive dynamic weighing device 5, displaying the weight information of the vehicle and prompting whether the vehicle is overloaded. Vehicles that are not overloaded continue to drive in the direction of the original lane, and receive a pass card at the toll equipment 12 of the toll island, and the automatic barrier machine 13 of the toll island automatically lifts and drives into the expressway; overloaded vehicles that do not meet the requirements of the limit value on the road follow the instructions The route enters the overload processing area. In the overload processing area, overloaded vehicles must pass the static weighing platform 10 of the fine inspection system for fine inspection, and the overloaded parts of the vehicles that do not meet the limit requirements for on-road are removed. Vehicles that exceed the required value pay the fine directly at the workstation 9, and the barrier machine 11 in the overload processing area is automatically lifted, and the vehicle leaves the overload management point and enters the expressway.

The embodiment shown in Figure 2 shows that the overload management point set by the management point of a general arterial highway includes a pre-check system and a fine-check system, and the pre-check system includes a road test device, a monitoring device, a vehicle separator, a trigger, an adaptive Dynamic weighing equipment, weight display screen and indicator light, precision inspection system includes control computer, workstation, static weighing platform, automatic railing machine. The drive test device 1 shown in FIG. 2 is set at the entrance of the overload management point to realize the arrival and departure detection of vehicles. The camera monitoring equipment 2 on the roadside is connected with the control computer 8 in the fine inspection system to detect the queue length and queue time. The vehicle separator 3 and the trigger 4 are arranged on the front and rear sides of the adaptive dynamic weighing device 5 respectively, and are all connected with the control computer 8 in the precision inspection system. The vehicle separator 3 transmits the trigger signal of the separation of the front and rear vehicles to the The control computer 8 in the fine inspection system. The adaptive dynamic weighing device 5 realizes the pre-detection of the total vehicle weight, and adjusts the overload threshold value of the vehicle detection in real time according to the detection result of the queue length, so as to avoid causing traffic jams. The weight display screen 6 and the indicator light 7 are all arranged in front of the adaptive dynamic weighing device 5, displaying the weight information of the vehicle and prompting whether the vehicle is overloaded. Vehicles that are not overloaded continue to drive in the direction of the original lane and leave the overload management point directly; overloaded vehicles that do not meet the limit requirements on the road enter the overload treatment area according to the indicated route, and the overloaded vehicles must pass the static scale of the fine inspection system in the overload treatment area. Heavy station 10 conducts fine inspection and re-inspection, and unloads the overloaded part of the vehicle that does not meet the limit value requirements on the road. 11 lifts up automatically, and the vehicle drives away from the overload management point.

Figures 1 and 2 show that the above-mentioned overload management point is a kind of entrance adaptive overload management point. A pre-check system is installed on the main lane at the front end of the main road entrance square, and a fine-check system is installed in the overload treatment area. When the vehicle enters the front end of the triangular section of the expressway management point, the pre-set traffic signs force passengers and goods to drive in separate lanes, the passenger car goes straight to the passenger car toll station entrance, passes through the card, and enters the expressway; the truck decelerates to overload through the deceleration section For the detection road section, the low-speed overload pre-inspection is carried out through the pre-inspection system. Trucks with a gross weight within the limit value will go from the direct release lane to the truck toll station entrance, receive a card to pass, and drive into the expressway; trucks with a gross weight exceeding the limit value, Under the guidance of the indicator light, drive into the overload processing area to accept the precise inspection of the fine inspection system. The trucks that meet the on-road limit requirements after the fine inspection are directly picked up and drive into the expressway, and the trucks that exceed the on-road limit requirements should follow the regulations Route instructions Accept corresponding fines or unloading penalty measures until the on-road limit requirements are met, receive a pass card, and drive into the expressway.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 3 shows that the workflow of the present invention for the dynamic detection method of the multiple vehicle types of expressway trucks is:

Pre-check system detects traffic volume → reasonable threshold? Threshold self-adjustment → pre-check system detects weight; Pre-check system detects weight → overload? continue driving; Information prompt → enter the overload management point → the fine inspection system detects the weight → meets the road limit? Enter the overload processing area → unload → perform re-inspection Meet on-road limits? ; Get the pass → enter the expressway.

Embodiment shown in Fig. 4 shows, the present invention is used for the workflow of the dynamic detection method of multiple vehicle types of general arterial road freight car is:

Pre-check system detects traffic volume → reasonable threshold? Threshold self-adjustment → pre-check system detects weight; Pre-check system detects weight → overload? continue driving; Information prompt→Enter overload management point→Precision inspection system detects weight→Overload? Leaving the overload management point; Meet on-road limits? Enter the overload management area → uninstall → re-inspect Meet on-road limits? ; Make a fine → leave the overload management point.

Example 1

The dynamic detection method for various types of trucks in this embodiment is selected to be carried out at the Jingwang Road toll station of Jincang Expressway.

The first step, preparatory work

The basic situation of this road section is that the Jingwang Road section of Jincang Expressway is two-way four-lane, the design speed of trucks is 60-100km/h, and the average speed during congestion is 50-80km/h. There are six toll lanes in this toll station , two entrances and four exits. The statistical result of the annual traffic status data at the entrance of the management point is: the annual passenger car traffic volume at the entrance of the expressway toll station is 12 million, and the truck traffic volume is 7 million. Among them, the proportions of 1 to 5 types of vehicles are: 30%, 10%, 10%, 30% and 20%, and the load conditions of 1 to 5 types of vehicles to be inspected at this management point are: the normal loading ratio is 35% 23% within 20% of overload, 20% of overload of 20% to 40%, 15% of overload of 40% to 80%, 5% of overload of 80% to 100%, and 2% of overload of more than 100%.

The second step is to establish the plane layout of overload management points

According to the basic condition of the road section obtained in the first step and the statistical data of the traffic conditions at the entrance of the management point, the overload management point is set at the expressway toll station, and its plane layout is shown in Figure 1. The drive test equipment in the pre-inspection system of the overload management point is composed of three parts: sensors, microcontrollers and signal input and output components. A trench with a width of 9mm and a depth of 1.3m is wound along the trench with a wire to form a square inductance coil with a size of 1.8m×1.3m. The two joints lead to the oscillation circuit of the signal input part; the microcontroller is a PIC16F877 single-chip microcomputer; the signal input and output part is an optically isolated switch input and output board; the connection mode of the sensor, the microcontroller and the input and output part is : The inductance coil of the sensor is connected to the oscillating circuit of the signal input part. The microcontroller, that is, the single-chip microcomputer, judges whether there is a vehicle passing through by measuring the frequency of the oscillating signal sent by the oscillating circuit. Finally, the signal output part outputs the judgment result and displays the working status indication .

The third step is the detection of vehicle traffic information and vehicle overload information at the entrance of the overload management point

(1) Use the method of vehicle queuing detection based on video analysis to obtain the queuing length and queuing time of the management point

The aforementioned monitoring equipment is used at the entrance of the overload management point. Under daylight conditions, the morphological edge detection method is used to detect the presence of vehicles, and the moving detection window method is used to realize vehicle queuing detection. At night, the headlights are used to detect vehicles. Vehicle queuing detection at night to obtain vehicle traffic information;

The measured average queuing length of vehicles at the Jingwang Road overload management point of Jincang Expressway is 22 vehicles, and the average queuing time is 660s.

(2) Use the pre-inspection system to pre-inspect the vehicle for overloading

At the overload management point, carry out overload pre-inspection on vehicles through the above-mentioned pre-inspection system, and obtain the detection information of overloaded trucks that need to be finely inspected, thereby obtaining vehicle overload information;

The adaptive dynamic weighing equipment is embedded near the vehicle separator in the pre-check system and connected with the control computer.

The static weighing platform is buried near the vehicle separator in the precision inspection system and connected with the control computer.

(3) Processing of vehicle traffic information

The vehicle traffic information and vehicle overload information of the imported trucks obtained at the overload management point in the above steps (1) and (2) are collected by the control computer with the Intel Core processor as the core and processed in time to obtain the results, and the trucks pass through The license plate number, vehicle model, axle load, total weight and vehicle speed information of the pre-check system are all input into the control computer information management database in the above control computer, and are processed by the adaptive dynamic detection threshold model of the fourth step with the Intel Core processor By analyzing the above-mentioned data collected in the database, the distribution of the number, composition and overload of passing vehicles can be obtained;

The vehicle passing information data detected in the third step is: the detection and passing time of 1 to 5 models that meet the weight limit is 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 seconds, and the detection and passing time of overloaded trucks is 20, 30 and 40 seconds. , 50 and 60 seconds.

The fourth step is the establishment of an adaptive dynamic detection threshold model.

The processing of the vehicle traffic information detected in the third step is based on the total weight of various types of trucks on the expressway, and random sampling is carried out to obtain the sample data of the total weight of this type of trucks, and the sample data of the overloaded amount is obtained by calculation. Data: Estimate the overall mean value with the sample value, and obtain the range of the overall mean value, which is used as the value of the threshold increment Δθ _i . The fixed thresholds and threshold increments for wagons are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Adaptive Dynamic Weighing Equipment Threshold

Note: Type I vehicle, small truck, rated load M≤2.5t; Type II vehicle: medium truck, 2.5<M≤7; Type III vehicle, large truck, 7<M≤14; Type IV vehicle, large truck, 14 < M ≤ 39; Type 5 vehicles, extra-large trucks, M ≥ 40.

Substitute the calculated parameters into the model:

θ _i ′＝θ _i +λ·ω _i ·Δθ _i , i=1, 2..., 5;

When the average queuing length of vehicles waiting for detection at the entrance is 10, 20 and 30 vehicles, the calculated actual thresholds are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Thresholds adjusted by the model for different average queue lengths

The analysis of the above indicators is as follows:

(1) Estimation of congestion cost savings at expressway entrances

In order to verify the operation effect of the self-adaptive dynamic overload control technology, the present invention selects 10, 20 and 30 vehicles on average waiting in line at the entrance for detection. Combined with the distribution ratio of trucks, the actual threshold value is estimated by using the multi-vehicle adaptive dynamic weighing model, and the total congestion cost is obtained according to the values of each parameter at the entrance of the Jingwangzhuang toll station. See Table 4-6 for details.

Table 4 Congestion cost savings when the average queue length is 10 vehicles

It can be seen from Table 4 that when the average queuing length of trucks is 10 vehicles, 3834.09 hours of time can be saved at the entrance of the overload management point throughout the year, the amount of fuel saved is 28027.21 yuan, the cost of time delay saved is 72390.35 yuan, and a total of 99417.96 yuan in congestion costs can be saved.

Table 5 Congestion cost savings when the average queue length is 20 trucks

It can be seen from Table 5 that when the average queuing length of trucks is 20 vehicles, 16,017.19 hours of time can be saved at the entrance of the overload management point throughout the year, the amount of fuel that can be saved is 117,085.70 yuan, and the cost of time delay that can be saved is 269,409.10 yuan. The cost is 386,494.80 yuan.

Table 6 Congestion cost savings when the average queue length is 30 trucks

It can be seen from Table 6 that when the average queuing length of trucks is 30 vehicles, 34,103.58 hours of time can be saved at the entrance of the overload management point throughout the year, the amount of fuel that can be saved is 249,297.20 yuan, and the cost of time delay that can be saved is 573,622.20 yuan. The cost is 822,919.40 yuan.

By comparing the congestion costs of different average queuing vehicles, it can be seen that the longer the queue, the more savings in entrance congestion costs, the better the applicability of the system, and the more timely the congestion situation is relieved.

(2) Estimation of road congestion cost savings

Trucks drive on the expressway. Since some overloaded trucks are restricted outside the expressway, the cost savings that can be achieved mainly include fuel consumption savings and delay time cost savings. The estimated amount of road congestion costs is shown in Table 7.

Table 7 Annual Congestion Cost Savings per Km Driven by Trucks

The fifth step is the workflow of the dynamic detection method for various types of expressway trucks

The workflow of the dynamic detection method used in the present embodiment for multiple vehicle types of expressway trucks is:

Pre-check system detects traffic volume → reasonable threshold? Threshold self-adjustment → pre-check system detects weight; Pre-check system detects weight → overload? continue driving; Information prompt → enter the overload management point → the fine inspection system detects the weight → meets the road limit? Enter the overload processing area → unload → perform re-inspection → Comply with on-road limits? ; Get the pass → enter the expressway.

Example 2

Except that the sensor in the self-adaptive dynamic weighing system is to excavate a trench with a length of 2.0m, a width of 10mm and a depth of 1.5m under the ground 12mm of the overload management point, wires are wound along the trench, and the This constitutes a square inductance coil with a size of 2.0m×1.5m, and the others are the same as in Embodiment 1.

Example 3

Select the traffic data at the entrance of the overload management point of the Machang section of the National Highway G104, and use various types of dynamic detection methods for trucks.

The first step, preparatory work

The basic situation of this road section is that the Machang section of National Highway G104 is two-way four-lane, the design speed of trucks is 40-80km/h, and the average speed during congestion is 20-60km/h. The statistical result of the annual traffic status data at the entrance of the management point is: the annual passenger car traffic volume at the entrance of the expressway toll station is 1.6 million, and the truck traffic volume is 4.4 million. Among them, the proportions of 1 to 5 types of vehicles are: 25%, 20%, 25%, 5% and 25%, and the load conditions of 1 to 5 types of vehicles to be inspected at this management point are: the normal loading ratio is 30% 20% within 20% of overload, 25% of overload of 20% to 40%, 14% of overload of 40% to 80%, 6% of overload of 80% to 100%, and 5% of overload of more than 100%.

The second step is to establish the plane layout of overload management points

According to the basic condition of the road section obtained in the first step and the statistical data of the traffic conditions at the entrance of the management point, the overload management point is set at the management point of the general arterial highway of the national highway, which is an adaptive overload management point at the entrance. Its plane layout is shown in Figure 2 shown. In addition, in this step, the sensor in the pre-inspection system is excavated a trench with a length of 2.2m, a width of 11mm and a depth of 1.7m under the ground 15mm of the overload management point, and wires are wound along the trench. In addition to forming a square inductance coil with a size of 2.2m×1.7m, the others are the same as in Embodiment 1.

The third step is the detection of vehicle traffic information and vehicle overload information at the entrance of the overload management point

(1) Use the method of vehicle queuing detection based on video analysis to obtain the queuing length and queuing time of the management point

The aforementioned monitoring equipment is used at the entrance of the overload management point. Under daylight conditions, the morphological edge detection method is used to detect the presence of vehicles, and the moving detection window method is used to realize vehicle queuing detection. At night, the headlights are used to detect vehicles. Vehicle queuing detection at night to obtain vehicle traffic information;

According to the actual measurement, the average queuing length of vehicles at the overrun detection station on the G104 Machang section of the national highway is 15 vehicles, and the average queuing time is 500s.

(2) Use the pre-inspection system to pre-inspect the vehicle for overloading

At the overload management point, carry out overload pre-inspection on vehicles through the above-mentioned pre-inspection system, and obtain the detection information of overloaded trucks that need to be finely inspected, thereby obtaining vehicle overload information;

The adaptive dynamic weighing equipment is embedded near the vehicle separator in the pre-check system and connected with the control computer.

The static weighing platform is buried near the vehicle separator in the precision inspection system and connected with the control computer.

(3) Processing of vehicle traffic information

The vehicle traffic information and vehicle overload information of the imported trucks obtained at the overload management point in the above steps (1) and (2) are collected by the control computer with the Intel Core processor as the core and processed in time to obtain the results, and the trucks pass through The license plate number, vehicle model, axle load, total weight and vehicle speed information of the pre-check system are all input into the control computer information management database in the above control computer, and are processed by the adaptive dynamic detection threshold model of the fourth step with the Intel Core processor By analyzing the above-mentioned data collected in the database, the distribution of the number, composition and overload of passing vehicles can be obtained;

The vehicle passing information data detected in the third step is: the detection and passing time of 1 to 5 models that meet the weight limit is 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 seconds, and the detection and passing time of overloaded trucks is 20, 30 and 40 seconds. , 50 and 60 seconds.

The fourth step is the establishment of an adaptive dynamic detection threshold model.

The processing of the vehicle traffic information detected in the third step is based on the total weight of various types of trucks on the expressway, and random sampling is carried out to obtain the sample data of the total weight of this type of trucks, and the sample data of the overloaded amount is obtained by calculation. Data: Estimate the overall mean value with the sample value, and obtain the range of the overall mean value, which is used as the value of the threshold increment Δθ _i . The fixed thresholds and threshold increments for wagons are shown in Table 8.

Table 8 Adaptive Dynamic Weighing Equipment Threshold

Note: Type I vehicle, small truck, rated load M≤2t; Type II vehicle: medium truck, 2<M≤7; Type III vehicle, large truck, 7<M≤20; Type IV vehicle, large truck, 20< M ≤ 40; Type 5 vehicles, extra-large trucks, M ≥ 50.

Substitute the calculated parameters into the model:

θ _i ′＝θ _i +λ·ω _i ·Δθ _i , i=1, 2..., 5;

When the average queuing length of vehicles waiting for detection at the entrance is 10, 20 and 30 vehicles, the calculated actual thresholds are shown in Table 9.

Table 9 Thresholds adjusted by the model for different average queue lengths

The analysis of the above indicators is as follows:

(1) Estimation of the cost savings of truck congestion at the entrance of the trunk highway overrun detection station

In order to verify the operation effect of the adaptive overload control technology, the present invention selects 10, 20 and 30 vehicles on average waiting in line at the entrance for detection. Combined with the distribution ratio of trucks, the actual threshold value is estimated by using the multi-vehicle adaptive dynamic weighing model, and the total congestion cost is obtained according to the values of each parameter at the entrance of the Machang toll station. See Tables 10-12 for details.

Table 10 Congestion cost savings when the average queue length is 10 vehicles

It can be seen from Table 11 that when the average queuing length of trucks is 20 vehicles, 8680.67 hours of time can be saved at the entrance of the overload management point throughout the year, the amount of fuel that can be saved is 63455.71 yuan, and the time delay cost that can be saved is 161634.12 yuan. The cost is 225089.83 yuan.

Table 12 Congestion Cost Savings for an Average Queue Length of 30 Trucks

It can be seen from Table 12 that when the average queuing length of 6 trucks and 4 trucks is 30 vehicles, 17177.46 hours of time can be saved at the entrance of the overload management point throughout the year, the amount of fuel that can be saved is 125567.24 yuan, and the cost of time delay that can be saved is 319844.3 yuan. A total of 445,411.57 yuan of congestion cost was saved.

(2) Estimation of road congestion cost savings

Trucks drive on arterial roads. Since some overloaded trucks are restricted outside the arterial roads, the cost savings that can be realized mainly include fuel consumption savings and delay time cost savings. The estimated amount of road congestion costs is shown in Table 13.

Table 13 Annual Congestion Cost Savings per Km Driven by Freight Vehicles

The fifth step is the work flow of the dynamic detection method for various types of trucks on general arterial roads

The workflow of the dynamic detection method used in this embodiment for multiple types of trucks on general arterial roads is:

Pre-check system detects traffic volume → reasonable threshold? Threshold self-adjustment → pre-check system detects weight; Pre-check system detects weight → overload? continue driving; Information prompt→Enter overload management point→Precision inspection system detects weight→Overload? Leaving the overload management point; Meet on-road limits? Enter the overload management area → uninstall → re-inspect → Comply with on-road limits? ; Make a fine → leave the overload management point.

The above embodiment shows that, by comparing the congestion costs of different average queuing vehicles, it can be seen that the longer the queue, the more savings in entrance congestion costs, the better the applicability of the system, and the more timely the congestion situation is relieved.

The estimation results obtained through the above examples show that setting adaptive overload management points at the entrances of expressway and arterial highway overrun detection stations has huge social benefits, and the more congested the actual road traffic is, the more trucks are waiting in line for weighing. The better the application effect of adaptive overload control technology, the longer the mileage of passenger and truck vehicles after entering the road, the greater the cost savings that can be realized, the better the overall operation effect, and the greater the social and economic benefits.

The above-mentioned embodiment realizes the calculation of dynamic weighing thresholds of multi-vehicle models at the entrance of expressway toll stations and general arterial highway overload management points by taking a series of measures, fully considering the operating characteristics of the actual road truck traffic flow, and the original fixed threshold overload Compared with the management method, it has great flexibility. It will not cause serious queuing congestion when there are too many overloaded trucks, and it can realize effective management of overloaded vehicles when the number of overloaded trucks is not large.

The above percentages are numerical percentages.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, the single-chip microcomputer used is PIC16F877, and the related equipment and components are obtained through commercial purchase, and the arrangement method of the equipment used and the connection method of the components used are all within the grasp of those skilled in the art.

Claims (4)

1. The dynamic detection method that is used for the multiple types of trucks, is characterized in that the steps are: The first step, preparatory work Preliminary preparations include the understanding of the basic conditions of the road sections required for dynamic detection of various types of trucks and the statistics of traffic conditions at the entrance of the management point. The speed, the number of toll lanes and the number of entrances and exits in total at the entrance and exit of the expressway; the statistics of the annual traffic status data at the entrance of the management point include the annual traffic volume of trucks at the entrance of the management point, the percentage of the number of trucks of each type among the five types of trucks and its load; The second step is to establish the plane layout of overload management points According to the basic condition of the road section obtained in the first step and the statistical data of the traffic conditions at the entrance of the management point, the overload management point is set at the management point of the expressway toll station or the general arterial road. The overload management point is a kind of entrance adaptive overload management point , wherein the overload management points set up by expressway toll stations include pre-check systems, fine-check systems and toll islands, and the overload management points set up by the management points of general arterial highways include pre-check systems and fine-check systems, and the pre-check systems include road Testing equipment, camera monitoring equipment, vehicle separator, trigger, adaptive dynamic weighing equipment, weight display screen and indicator lights, fine inspection system includes control computer, workstation, static weighing platform and automatic barrier machine, toll island includes Automatic barrier machine and toll collection equipment, the above-mentioned road test equipment is set at the entrance of the overload management point, the camera monitoring equipment set on the roadside is connected with the control computer in the fine inspection system, and the vehicle separator and trigger are respectively set in the self-adaptive The front and rear sides of the dynamic weighing equipment are connected to the control computer in the precision inspection system. The weight display screen and indicator lights are set in front of the adaptive dynamic weighing equipment. Vehicles that are not overloaded continue to follow the original lane direction Driving, non-overloaded vehicles driving on the expressway will receive a pass card at the toll collection equipment on the toll island, and enter the expressway from the automatic barrier machine on the toll island. Overloaded vehicles that do not meet the road limit requirements will enter the overload treatment according to the indicated route Unloading in the area, and the fine inspection and re-inspection are carried out through the static weighing platform of the fine inspection system. After the fine inspection and re-inspection, the vehicles that meet the limit requirements on the road can directly receive the pass card at the workstation, and the automatic barrier machine in the overload processing area is automatically lifted. , the vehicle enters the expressway or general arterial road; The third step is the detection of vehicle traffic information and vehicle overload information at the entrance of the overload management point (1) Use the method of vehicle queuing detection based on video analysis to obtain the queuing length and queuing time of the management point At the entrance of the overload management point, the aforementioned camera monitoring equipment is used to detect the presence of vehicles under daylight conditions, using the morphological edge detection method, and using the moving detection window method to realize vehicle queuing detection. At night, the headlights are used to detect vehicles. Realize vehicle queuing detection at night, thereby obtaining vehicle traffic information; (2) Use the pre-inspection system to pre-inspect the vehicle for overloading At the overload management point, the vehicle is pre-inspected for overload through the above-mentioned pre-inspection system, thereby obtaining vehicle overload information, and obtaining the detection information of overloaded trucks that need to be finely inspected; (3) Processing of vehicle traffic information The vehicle traffic information and vehicle overload information of the imported trucks obtained at the overload management point in the above steps (1) and (2) are collected by the control computer with the Intel Core processor as the core and processed in time to obtain the results, and the trucks pass through The license plate number, vehicle model, axle load, total weight and vehicle speed information of the pre-check system are all input into the control computer information management database in the above control computer, and are processed by the adaptive dynamic detection threshold model of the fourth step with the Intel Core processor By analyzing the above-mentioned data collected in the database, the distribution of the number, composition and overload of passing vehicles can be obtained; The fourth step is the establishment of an adaptive dynamic detection threshold model For the processing of the vehicle traffic information detected in the third step, an adaptive dynamic detection threshold model is established as follows: θ′ _i ＝θ _i +λ·ω _i ·Δθ _i , i=1, 2..., 5; In the above formula: θ′ _i ——the actual detection threshold of the i-th type vehicle in the dynamic detection system, that is, the adjusted threshold; θ _i ——When the vehicle arrival rate or traffic volume is not considered, the initial threshold of the i-th type vehicle in the dynamic detection system, that is, the fixed threshold; Δθ _i ——the threshold value increment produced by adding a truck of category i; ω _i ——the proportion of the vehicle type i; λ—the number of trucks waiting in line; The fifth step is the workflow of the dynamic detection method for various types of trucks The workflow of the dynamic detection method for various types of expressway trucks is: Pre-check system detects traffic volume → reasonable threshold? Threshold self-adjustment → pre-check system detects weight; Pre-check system detects weight → overload? continue driving; Information prompt → enter the overload management point → the fine inspection system detects the weight → meets the road limit? Enter the overload processing area → unload → perform re-inspection Meet on-road limits? ; Get the pass → enter the expressway. The workflow of the dynamic detection method for multiple types of trucks on general arterial roads is: Pre-check system detects traffic volume → reasonable threshold? Threshold self-adjustment → pre-check system detects weight; Pre-check system detects weight → overload? continue driving; Information prompt→Enter overload management point→Precision inspection system detects weight→Overload? Leaving the overload management point; Meet on-road limits? Enter the overload management area → uninstall → re-inspect Meet on-road limits? ; Make a fine → leave the overload management point. 2. according to the said dynamic detection method that is used for multiple vehicle types of trucks according to claim 1, the drive test equipment in the described pre-check system is made of three parts of sensor, microcontroller and signal input and output components, sensor, microcontroller and The connection mode of the three parts of the input and output parts is: the inductance coil of the sensor is connected to the oscillating circuit of the signal input part, the microcontroller is a PIC16F877 single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer judges whether there is a vehicle passing by by measuring the frequency of the oscillating signal sent by the oscillating circuit , and finally output the judgment result by the signal output part, and display the working state indication. 3. According to claim 2, the dynamic detection method used for multiple types of trucks, said sensor is to dig a length of 1.8m ~ 2.2m, width of 9mm ~ 11mm and a groove with a depth of 1.3m to 1.7m, wires are wound along the groove to form a square inductance coil with a size of 1.8m×1.3m to 2.2m×1.7m, and then pass through the underground trench. The low-resistance wires lead the two joints of the inductance coil to the oscillation circuit of the signal input part. 4. According to claim 2, the dynamic detection method for multiple types of trucks, the signal input and output components are optically isolated switch input and output boards.