CN103313644A - Endoscope and lighting device for endoscope - Google Patents

Abstract

An endoscope has: a direct viewing observation window that is provided with an objective lens for direct viewing on a distal end of an insertion portion; a light guide plate that is arranged on a direct viewing illumination window formed on an outer peripheral side of the direct viewing observation window, has a C-ring shape guiding light incident on incidence planes formed by cutting out an outer peripheral part at a lower side of a direct viewing observation visual field, and is formed with a reflection plane, which scatters and reflects light, and a transmission plane, which transmits light to emit the light as illumination light to the direct viewing observation visual field side, on a back face and a front face, respectively; and a light emitting portion that emits light so as to be incident on the incidence planes of the light guide plate. In the endoscope, a wedge-shaped reflection plane formed by cutting in the form of a wedge from the back face of the light guide plate toward the front face thereof is provided on a position at an upper side of the light guide plate.

Description

Endoscope and endoscope-use illuminator

Technical field

The present invention relates to have endoscope and the endoscope-use illuminator of the illuminace component that the subject of field of view is thrown light on.

Background technology

In recent years, the endoscope that is provided with observation window of the leading section in the insertion section is widely used in medical field and other field.

In order to use observation window to observe brightly the subjects such as affected part of field of view, around observation window, be provided with for the field of view side is penetrated the illuminating window that illumination light is thrown light on.

For example, 2 endoscopies that the position disposes illuminating window in the lower side of observation window are disclosed among the Fig. 5 in the JP 2008-155016 of Japan communique.

But, in the conventional example of above-mentioned communique, shown in Figure 33 (A), make the front end face of insertion section near object of observation position 92, in the situation that will observe in detail, usually cause that the surface at object of observation position 92 is in the situation of the state that tilts with respect to front end face.More specifically, usually cause following situation: in the lower side of front end face, and the distance between the surface at object of observation position 92 reduces, and is in the state of larger distance in upper side.

In this case, because the illuminating window 94 of the bottom of the observation window 93 from front end face penetrates illumination light, so the illumination light quantity in the illumination light amount ratio upper side zone in lower side zone is large.Therefore, become the observation image 95 shown in Figure 33 (B), owing to being shown in the lower side zone 96(oblique line of wishing to observe in detail) too bright illumination, so, have following shortcoming: be created in the upper limit of the brightness range that can make a video recording above imaging apparatus and make a video recording under the saturated luminance state and the image that obtains is halation.

In order to prevent this halation, for example think that LGP by around observation window toroidal being set as illuminating window, can throw light on to the field of view side in the uneven less mode of throwing light on.But, in this situation, be contemplated to from forwards side ejaculation of LGP light low as the utilization ratio of the illumination light in the situation of illumination light.Low for the utilization ratio of compensating illumination light needs to increase LGP or increases the illumination light quantity to the size of the photoconduction of LGP leaded light etc. etc., so the size of leading section increases.

The present invention In view of the foregoing finishes, and its purpose is, provides to throw light on to the field of view side and can make endoscope and the endoscope-use illuminator of the compact in size of leading section in the uneven less mode of throwing light on.

Summary of the invention

Be used for solving the means of problem

The endoscope of a mode of the present invention has: line-of-sight observation window, its leading section in the insertion section is provided with axial front side with described insertion section as the direct-view object lens of line-of-sighting observation the visual field; LGP, it is disposed in the direct-view illuminating window that described outer circumferential side of line-of-sighting observation window forms, have the C annular shape that the light of the plane of incidence that the outer peripheral portion that incides the described lower side of line-of-sighting observation the visual field of cutting is formed guides, be formed with respectively make the light scatter reflections to the reflecting surface at the back side and to the front surface transillumination and as illumination light to described transmission plane of line-of-sighting observation visual field side ejaculation; And light injection part, its mode with the described plane of incidence incident in described LGP penetrates light, the position of the upper side in described LGP has from the back side of this LGP towards the front surface side and is cut into wedge shape and the reflecting surface of the wedge shape that forms, so that penetrate the light that guides to the front surface side of this LGP in described LGP.

The endoscope-use illuminator of a mode of the present invention penetrates the illumination light that incides this light conductor from the outside via photoconduction from the transparent light conductor that comprises toroidal, it is characterized in that, described light conductor has: annulus section, it is provided with cutting part, and this cutting part is to obtain in a part that links on the direction of 2 lines roughly vertical line separately of 2 extensions of circle periphery the profile take the mode cutting section that do not cut off described toroidal as the roughly water droplet shape that respectively described 2 lines coupled together; The incident section, it is arranged on the section after the cutting in the described cutting part, with the end contact of this photoconduction, so that from the vertical direction incident to this section of the illumination light of described photoconduction; Reflecting part, it is configured in the side that is provided with at least described cutting part in the inner peripheral surface of described annulus section, incides the described illumination light of described light conductor to the internal reflection of described annulus section; And exit facet, it is arranged on an annulus surface in the described annulus section, penetrates the described illumination light of institute's incident.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the integrally-built axonometric chart that the endoscope apparatus with the 1st embodiment of the present invention is shown.

Fig. 2 is the axonometric chart that the structure of leading section is shown.

Fig. 3 is the front elevation of leading section.

Fig. 4 is the A-B-C-D-E-F line longitudinal section among Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is the G-H line cross-sectional view among Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is the axonometric chart that the summary shape of illuminace component is shown.

Fig. 7 is that the shooting face that is illustrated in imaging apparatus forms respectively direct-view shot object image and the border circular areas of side-looking shot object image and the figure of circle ring area.

Fig. 8 A is the front elevation that illuminace component is shown.

Fig. 8 B is the plane graph of observing from the top of Fig. 8 A.

Fig. 8 C is the side view of observing from the side on the right side of Fig. 8 A.

Fig. 9 A is the figure that the situation of observing near object of observation position is shown.

Fig. 9 B is the figure of the display frame in the monitor that illustrates in the situation of Fig. 9 A.

Figure 10 is the figure that the LGP in the variation is shown and forms the LED of light injection part.

Figure 11 is the front elevation of the leading section in the 2nd embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 12 is the A-B-C-D-E-F line longitudinal section among Figure 11.

Figure 13 is the G-H line cross-sectional view among Figure 12.

Figure 14 A is the front elevation that illuminace component is shown.

Figure 14 B is the plane graph of observing from the top of Figure 14 A.

Figure 14 C is the side view of observing from the side on the right side of Figure 14 A.

Figure 15 is the front elevation of the leading section in the variation of the 2nd embodiment.

Figure 16 illustrates light guide member among Figure 15 and the front elevation of LGP.

Figure 17 is the longitudinal section of the leading section in the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 18 is the axonometric chart that the endoscope of the endoscope-use illuminator of using the 4th embodiment of the present invention is shown.

Figure 19 is the longitudinal section that near the structure the forward end section of endoscope of Figure 18 is shown.

Figure 20 A is the front elevation of observing the endoscope-use illuminator from the face side of light conductor.

Figure 20 B is the sectional view of I-I ' line of Figure 20 A.

Figure 21 A illustrates the key diagram that uses the situation that front elevation guides the illumination light that incides light conductor.

Figure 21 B illustrates the key diagram that uses the situation that sectional view guides the illumination light that incides light conductor.

Figure 21 C illustrates not in the exit facet side to form the situation of curved surface and form the key diagram of the situation of the ejaculation illumination light in the situation of curved surface.

Figure 21 D is the figure that the side cross-sectional views of the endoscope-use illuminator in the 1st variation of the 4th embodiment illustrates the situation that illumination light is guided.

Figure 22 A is the side cross-sectional views of the endoscope-use illuminator in the 2nd variation of the 4th embodiment.

Figure 22 B is the side cross-sectional views of the endoscope-use illuminator in the 3rd variation of the 4th embodiment.

Figure 23 is side view and the back view of the endoscope-use illuminator in the 4th variation of the 4th embodiment.

Figure 24 is the side cross-sectional views of the endoscope-use illuminator in the 5th variation of the 4th embodiment.

Figure 25 is the side cross-sectional views of structure that the endoscope-use illuminator of the 5th embodiment of the present invention is shown.

Figure 26 A is the key diagram that the situation that illumination light is guided in the 5th embodiment is shown.

Figure 26 B compares the key diagram that the situation that illumination light is guided is shown in further detail with the situation of Figure 26 A.

Figure 27 is the sectional view of endoscope-use illuminator of the 1st variation of the 5th embodiment.

Figure 28 A is the key diagram that the situation that illumination light is guided in the 2nd variation of the 5th embodiment is shown.

Figure 28 B compares the key diagram that the situation that illumination light is guided is shown in further detail with the situation of Figure 28 A.

Figure 29 is the side view of endoscope-use illuminator of the 3rd variation of the 5th embodiment.

Figure 30 is the figure of a part of endoscope-use illuminator that the 4th variation of the 5th embodiment is shown.

Figure 31 is the figure of a part of endoscope-use illuminator that the 5th variation of the 5th embodiment is shown.

Figure 32 is the front elevation with endoscope-use illuminator of 1 incident end face.

Figure 33 is the key diagram near the situation of observation in the conventional example.

The specific embodiment

Below, with reference to accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention are described.

(the 1st embodiment)

As shown in Figure 1, the endoscope apparatus 1 that has the 1st embodiment of the present invention has and carries out endoscopic endoscope 2.This endoscope 2 by the operating portion 3 of controlling the line operate of going forward side by side for operative doctor, be formed on the front end of this operating portion 3 and elongated insertion section 4, its cardinal extremity of inserting in the body cavity etc. consist of from the extended general cable 5 of the sidepiece of operating portion 3.

And, insertion section 4 is made of the leading section 6 of the hard that is arranged on its front end, freely the bending section 7 of bending that is arranged on the rear end of this leading section 6, the rectangular flexible flexible pipe section 8 that has that is arranged on the rear end of this bending section 7, and bending section 7 can carry out bending operation by the bending operation bar 9 of being located in the operating portion 3.

And as shown in Figure 2,4 leading section 6 is formed with cylinder leading section 10 in the insertion section, and this cylinder leading section 10 is from protruding drum near the eccentric position central authorities top of the front end face of this leading section 6.

Front at this cylinder leading section 10 is equipped be used to the objective system 11(that is used for direct-view and side-looking that carries out optical observation with reference to Fig. 4), as the observation window of objective system 11, be formed with and line-of-sight observation window 12 and side-looking observation window 13.

Near the cardinal extremity of cylinder leading section 10, be formed with the side-looking illuminating window 14 that carries out the side-looking illumination.And, be formed with at the outer circumferential side of line-of-sighting observation window 12 and remove this and line-of-sight observation window 12(or line-of-sight observation the visual field) the outer peripheral portion of lower side and the annular direct-view illuminating window 15 of C that obtains.

The side surface direction that side-looking observation window 13 is used for observing the wide region of removing lower side forms C annular shape (roughly toroidal), so that will (remove lower end side) near complete cycle as field of view along the circumferential of this side.In addition, side-looking illuminating window 14 is also formed by the annular side-looking illuminace component 21 of C.

And, side-looking observation window 13 has as side-looking with the mirror lens 16 of object lens, this mirror lens 16 have for seizure side-looking field of view (also referred to as the side-looking visual field) in from (removing lower side) roughly the opposed any direction incident of toroidal from the light of subject and the reflecting surface of obtaining as the side-looking field-of-view image.

On the other hand, be equipped with as direct-view with the front lens 41 of object lens line-of-sighting observation window 12, this front lens 41 is used for obtaining the shot object image that the front side of line-of-sighting observation window 12 is axial the place ahead of insertion section 4.

And the front end face of the leading section 6 around cylinder leading section 10 is provided with as making the passage front end opening 17(that runs through the outstanding opening of the treatment instrument that inserts in the passage with reference to Fig. 3).

And, in the present embodiment, with from the outstanding mode of the front end face of leading section 6, be adjacent to be provided with cylinder leading section support unit for supporting cylinder leading section 10 (following be support unit) 18 with the lower side of cylinder leading section 10.The intensity of 18 pairs of cylinder leading sections 10 of this support unit is strengthened.And this support unit 18 is formed by the light-blocking member with optics shielding function.

In addition, in the present embodiment, cylinder leading section 10 and support unit 18 are formed by same parts, its cardinal extremity is arranged on integratedly on the front end face of leading section 6 and forms leading section main part (following be main part) 51(with reference to Fig. 4), but, also can adopt by engaging or other modes are fixed on structure on the leading section 6 with cylinder leading section 10 and support unit 18.

Above-mentioned support unit 18 be provided be respectively applied to above-mentioned objective system 11 line-of-sight observation that window 12 and side-looking observation window 13 clean line-of-sight observation window with spray nozzle part 19 and side-looking observation window with spray nozzle part 20.

Particularly, be provided with towards what line-of-sight observation window 12 openings at the front end face of support unit 18 and line-of-sight observation window with spray nozzle part 19.

And, be provided with in the side of support unit 18 towards the side-looking observation window of side-looking observation window 13 openings with spray nozzle part 20, support unit 18 covers, and can not appear in the side-looking field-of-view image with spray nozzle part 20 with spray nozzle part 19 and side-looking observation window so that line-of-sight observation window.In addition, as shown in Figure 3, the side-looking observation window is arranged on 2 positions with spray nozzle part 20.

In operating portion shown in Figure 13, be provided with the liquor charging action button 24 of supplying gas, make it possible to optionally penetrate the gas and the liquid that clean usefulness with spray nozzle part 19 and side-looking observation window with spray nozzle part 20 from line-of-sighting observation window respectively, can switch by this operation of supplying gas liquor charging action button 24 and supply gas and liquor charging.

In addition, the example that is provided with 1 liquor charging action button 24 of supplying gas has been shown in the illustrated example of Fig. 1, still, also can have arranged 2.

And, in operating portion 3, be equipped with for from the endoceliac mucus of passage front end opening 17 suction etc. and the vacuuming operation button 26 that reclaims.In addition, passage forms by being provided in not shown conduit in the insertion section 4 etc., is communicated with near the front end of being located at operating portion 3 treatment instrument insert port 27.

Operative doctor by inserting treatment instrument and make its front outstanding from passage front end opening 17 from this treatment instrument insert port 27, can carry out the disposal of the treatment usefulness for the treatment of instrument in the situation of the disposal that will carry out treatment instrument.

And, being provided with adapter 29 at the end of general cable 5, this adapter 29 is connected with the light supply apparatus 31 of endoscope.As from the joint (not shown) of the connection end of the outstanding fluid circuit of the front end of adapter 29 be connected the light guide connector (not shown) of supply end of illumination light and be connected with light supply apparatus 31 in loading and unloading mode freely, and, be connected with an end that connects cable 33 in the electric contact section that is located at the side.

And, the adapter that connects the other end of cable 33 is electrically connected with video processor 32 as signal processing apparatus, and 32 pairs of this video processors are equipped on the imaging apparatus 34(of formation image unit 52 of leading section 6 of endoscope 2 with reference to Fig. 4) carry out signal processing.

Video processor 32 is supplied with the driving signal that the imaging apparatus 34 to the leading section 6 that is equipped on endoscope 2 drives, and the image pickup signal (picture signal) of exporting from imaging apparatus 34 by supplying with this driving signal is carried out signal processing, the generating video signal.

The video signal that is generated by this video processor 32 is output to the monitor 35 as display device, in the display surface of monitor 35, show by imaging apparatus 34 make a video recording and the image that obtains as endoscopic images.The peripheral devices such as light supply apparatus 31, video processor 32, monitor 35 are configured on the pallet 37 with the keyboard 36 of input of carrying out patient information etc.

The illumination light that is produced by light supply apparatus 31 guides (transmission) by running through 1 photoconduction that inserts in general cable 5 and the operating portion 3, and then in insertion section 4, carry out branch, and by branching into many photoconduction 44,45(with reference to Fig. 4) guiding (transmissions) arrives its front end face side.

The leading section that passes the photoconduction 44 in the insertion section 4 is configured in the inboard of the side-looking illuminating window 14 of cylinder leading section 10, becomes the light injection part that penetrates from the light of light supply apparatus 31 derivation.The reflecting surface 21a of the concave of the light that penetrates from the axial front side of the front end face forward end 6 of photoconduction 44 by being located at side-looking illuminace component 21 and reflecting to the approximate right angle direction, penetrate to the side, the direction via the transparent component 21b that covers reflecting surface 21a to the side-looking field of view penetrates illumination light.

And the reflecting surface 21a that is located in this side-looking illuminace component 21 removes the support unit 18 of lower side and forms C annular shape, penetrates illumination light to the side-looking direction near complete cycle of removing lower side.

And the leading section that passes the photoconduction 45 in the insertion section 4 is configured in (as shown in phantom in Figure 3) and is located in the photoconduction patchhole in the support unit 18.

The leading section of this photoconduction 45 forms light injection part 45a, and this light injection part 45a penetrates the light of deriving from light supply apparatus 31.The light that penetrates from the axial front side of front end face (front end face of the photoconduction 45) forward end 6 of this light injection part 45a is via the light guide member 46 that is shaped to the L word shape, incides plane of incidence 47a, 47b(in the annular LGP 47 of the C that is formed on the periphery of line-of-sighting observation window 12 with reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 8 A).

In the present embodiment, form light injection parts 48 as leading section and the light guide member 46 of the photoconduction 45 of light injection part 45a, this light injection part 48 penetrates light with the plane of incidence 47a that incides LGP 47, the mode of 47b.

In addition, in aftermentioned variation (Figure 10), do not use light guide member 46, but form the light injection part as the light emitting diode of light-emitting component (brief note is LED) 61a, 61b, this light injection part according to the light that this LED61a, 61b are sent be directly incident on the plane of incidence 47a of LGP 47, the mode of 47b penetrates light.

Fig. 5 illustrates the part that has be used to the illuminating illuminace component 49 of direct-view of the light guide member 46 of looking at illumination straight and the annular LGP 47 of C by the G-H line cross section among Fig. 4.And Fig. 6 A illustrates the summary shape of illuminace component 49.

Shown in the longitudinal section of Fig. 4, light guide member 46 axially becomes the L word shape leading section 6, and still, shown in the cross-sectional view of Fig. 5, its front is shaped to the shape that is branched into V word (being roughly the Y word when comprising base end side).In addition, as shown in Figure 6, light guide member 46 for example can be formed by the fibre bundle of rigidity.

And, the cardinal extremity face of light guide member 46 for example fits tightly or butt (opposed at least) with the front end face of photoconduction 45, to be directed to the front that flexing becomes the L word from the light that its front end face penetrates, the front end face that will branch into the V word in its front penetrates the light that guides as exit facet 46a, 46b.Plane of incidence 47a, 47b in the annular LGP 47 of exit facet 46a, 46b and C fit tightly or butt, and the light that penetrates respectively from exit facet 46a, 46b incides plane of incidence 47a, 47b.

As described later, incide the light of plane of incidence 47a, 47b by annular LGP 47 guiding of C, from the forwards side ejaculation of its front surface, become the direct-view illumination light that (object of observation position etc.) subject of direct-view visual field side is thrown light on.

And, in the present embodiment, near the top in the annular LGP 47 of C position be provided with from the back side towards the front surface side be cut into wedge shape and the reflecting surface 50(of the wedge shape that forms with reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 8 A, Fig. 8 B), so that forwards side (front surface side) penetrates the light that guides.

And as shown in Figure 4, the central shaft group in cylinder leading section 10 enters image unit 52.The central shaft of this image unit 52 in the cylinder leading section 10 is the mode of optical axis O, and frontal lens section 53 and the rear lens section 54 of construct mirror system 11 is installed in lens frame 55,56 respectively.

Frontal lens section 53 is made of the front lens that is respectively the Rotational Symmetry shape 41 and the mirror lens 16 that are installed in the front lens mount 60, in the rear surface of mirror lens 16 lens frame 55 is installed.

And rear lens section 54 is made of a plurality of lens that are installed in the lens frame 56, and, in this lens frame 56, imaging apparatus 34 is installed also.And, make the chimeric one-tenth can be under two mobile lens frame 55 of optical axis O direction, 56 states that relatively move and focus, two lens frame 55,56 are fixed in the main part 51.

The internal diameter of the external diameter of front lens mount 60 (removing the poor section of ladder of rear end) and the annular LGP 47 of C about equally, with the chimeric state of the inner peripheral surface of LGP 47 under be fixed.

Imaging apparatus 34 is connected with signal cable 58 at its back side.

In addition, the front surface of the outer peripheral face of the main part 51 of leading section 6 and support unit 18 is covered by cap assembly 59.And, line-of-sight observation window and be installed in the front opening of being located at the hollow bulb 19a in the support unit 18 with spray nozzle part 19.

In addition, as shown in Figure 6, the annular LGP 47 of C be respectively equipped with to inner peripheral surface and the catoptrical reflecting surface 57a of outer peripheral face, 57b, make light dispersedly to the scatter reflections face 57d as reflecting surface of backside reflection, to the front surface transillumination and as illumination light to the transmission plane 57c of line-of-sighting observation visual field side and penetrating.

As shown in Figure 7, by above-mentioned objective system 11, on the shooting face 34a in imaging apparatus 34, in border circular areas 38a and circle ring area (C encircles the zone) 38b, form direct-view shot object image and side-looking shot object image respectively.

In the border circular areas 38a of the central authorities of the rectangular area that forms shooting face 34a, form the direct-view shot object image through the front lens 41 of line-of-sighting observation window 12, in the circle ring area 38b in the outside of this border circular areas 38a, form side-looking shot object image through the mirror lens 16 of side-looking observation window 13 in concentric mode.In addition, label 38c represents the circular portion as the border of direct-view shot object image and side-looking shot object image.

But, in the present embodiment, because the light from object side that incides side-looking observation window 13 sides is supported parts 18 and mechanically covers, so the regional 38d of the lower side in the circle ring area 38b becomes and can't help the non-camera watch region of imaging apparatus 34 shootings.

Endoscope 2 based on the present embodiment of this structure is characterised in that, this endoscope 2 has: line-of-sight observation window 12, its in the insertion section 4 leading section 6 be provided with the axial front side of described insertion section 4 as line-of-sight observation the visual field as the front lens 41 of direct-view with object lens; The annular LGP 47 of C that cuts the outer peripheral portion of described lower side of line-of-sighting observation the visual field and obtain, it is configured in described outer circumferential side of line-of-sighting observation window 12, forms respectively to make light dispersedly to the scatter reflections face 57d as reflecting surface of backside reflection, line-of-sight observation the transmission plane 57c that visual field side penetrates to the front surface transillumination and as illumination light to described; And light guide member 46, it forms the light injection part, this light injection part will be cut into the annular end face of C as plane of incidence 47a, 47b in the described LGP 47, penetrate light in the mode that incides this plane of incidence 47a, 47b, the position of the upper side in described LGP 47 has from the back side towards the front surface side and is cut into wedge shape and the reflecting surface 50 of the wedge shape that forms, so that penetrate the light that guides to the front surface side of this LGP 47.

Then, mainly with reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 8 A-8C the structure of illuminace component 49 peripheries in the present embodiment etc. is described.

As shown in these figures, LGP 47 possesses the inner peripheral surface with regulation inner diameter d 1 and has the outer peripheral face of predetermined outside diameter d2, and has the C annular shape of the annulus that is cut as lower side.

And shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 8 A, in order can be efficiently to penetrate from the plane of incidence 47a of lower end side, the light of 47b incident from the front surface of light guide member 46, inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral face at LGP 47 is provided with reflecting surface 57a, 57b respectively.Metal film by inner peripheral surface and outer peripheral face at LGP 47 arrange the reflection usefulness such as the high aluminum of reflection function, silver forms reflecting surface 57a, 57b.

And, at the back side of LGP 47 less jog is set, and, the metal film that the high aluminum of reflection function, silver etc. reflect usefulness is set on its surface, shown in Fig. 8 C, form the scatter reflections face 57d that incident illumination is reflected dispersedly.In addition, the front surface of LGP 47 becomes and makes the light transmission cross this LGP 47 and transmission plane (exit facet) 57c that penetrates as the direct-view illumination light.

And, adopt in the present embodiment following structure: near the upper position of LGP 47, be cut into wedge shape, be provided with the metal film of reflection usefulness and form reflecting surface 50 at the end face that is cut into this wedge shape, efficiently forwards or the front surface side penetrate light by reflecting surface 50 guiding.The cutting of this wedge shape for example is the front surface of LGP 47 and more than 1/2 of the thickness between the rear surface, about for example 2/3-5/6.

Effect to the present embodiment of this structure describes.The illumination light that is produced by light supply apparatus 31 incides the incident end face that runs through the photoconduction in the general cable 5 that inserts in the endoscope 2, is guided by photoconduction.This photoconduction branches into photoconduction 44,45 in insertion section 4.

Photoconduction 44 penetrates the light that guides from its front end face.To be provided with reflecting surface 21a with the opposed mode of this front end face.Reflecting surface 21a reflects the light that penetrates from the front end face of photoconduction 44, penetrates illumination light from side-looking illuminating window 14 to the side, and the object side in the side-looking visual field is thrown light on.In addition, in fact photoconduction 44 is configured in circumferential a plurality of positions.

And photoconduction 45 penetrates the light that guides from its front end face, and the light of ejaculation is incided with its front end face by fitting tightly etc. and the cardinal extremity face of opposed light guide member 46.Light guide member 46 is directed to the front that flexing becomes the L word with the light of institute's incident, penetrates the light that guides from exit facet 46a, the 46b that branches into the V word.

Plane of incidence 47a, 47b in the annular LGP 47 of exit facet 46a, 46b and C fit tightly or butt, and the light that penetrates respectively from exit facet 46a, 46b incides plane of incidence 47a, 47b efficiently.

Shown in Fig. 8 A, owing to form respectively reflecting surface 57a, 57b at inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral face of LGP 47, so shown in Fig. 8 A, the light that incides in the LGP 47 is directed when being reflected face 57a, 57b reflection.

And the light that is directed into rear side carries out scattering as described below, be directed into the front surface side light transmission front surface transmission plane 57c and as the direct-view illumination light forwards side penetrate.

And, shown in Fig. 8 C, owing to be provided with scatter reflections face 57d at the back side of LGP 47, so, the light that incides the back side carries out scattering, from the front surface of LGP 47 or via the reflection of reflecting surface 57a, 57b the transmission front surface transmission plane 57c forwards side penetrate.

And, in the present embodiment, owing to being provided with the reflecting surface 50 of wedge shape at the upper position of LGP 47, so, for example on the paper of the light in being directed into LGP 47 in Fig. 8 C in the situation of direction incident, shown in Fig. 8 B, be reflected face 50 reflections and penetrate from front surface.

On the other hand, when the reflecting surface 50 of wedge shape is not set, for example be directed into another plane of incidence 47b side from the light of plane of incidence 47a incident owing to the reflection of reflecting surface 57a, 57b, can't increase as the ratio that the illumination light that penetrates from front surface is utilized.For it is compensated, need to increase the size of LGP, perhaps, in order to increase the size that is increased photoconduction by the light of the guiding such as light guide member.

Relative therewith, according to present embodiment, by the reflecting surface 50 of wedge shape, make from a plane of incidence incident and to the light of another plane of incidence guiding and reflect halfway and penetrate from front surface, the efficient that raising can utilize as illumination light.

And the light that penetrates by the front surface from LGP 47 throws light on to the object side of looking at the visual field straight.In this situation, owing to can improve the efficient of utilizing as illumination light, so, need not increase the size of LGP 47, just can guarantee the illumination light quantity of necessity.Therefore, can prevent that the size of leading section 6 from increasing, can realize miniaturization.

Fig. 9 A illustrates the situation that the endoscope 2 that uses present embodiment is observed near object of observation positions 92 such as endoceliac affected parts, and Fig. 9 B illustrates the display case among the display surface 35a of the monitor 35 in this situation.Border circular areas 39a among Fig. 9 B and circle ring area 39b represent the image display area corresponding with the border circular areas 38a that forms respectively direct-view shot object image shown in Figure 7 and side-looking shot object image and circle ring area 38b.

And label 39c represents the circular portion as the border of direct view image viewing area and side elevation image viewing area.And the regional 39d shown in the oblique line of the lower side among the circle ring area 39b is the non-display area of the not displayed map picture corresponding with the regional 38d of Fig. 7.

In the present embodiment, owing to forming the annular direct-view illuminating window 15 of C in the periphery of line-of-sighting observation window 12 in the mode of removing the lower side part, so, in the situation that the front end face that makes leading section 6 is observed near object of observation position 92, can not produce halation in lower side yet, can throw light on and observe.

That is, according to present embodiment, can effectively prevent as the conventional example of Figure 18 with the opposed part of lower side in the illumination light intensity compare with upper side and significantly increase and produce halation.

And, according to present embodiment, as mentioned above, forming the annular direct-view illuminating window 15 of C of removing the lower side part owing to surrounding the periphery of line-of-sighting observation window 12, so, can under the uneven less state of illumination, throw light on to the field of view side of direct-view.That is, can carry out the illumination of high-quality.Therefore, the observation image of easy diagnosis can be provided operative doctor.

And, according to present embodiment, thereby form in the situation about can look at straight with the image unit 52 of side-looking being adjacent to form the annular side-looking observation window 13 of C with the rear of line-of-sighting observation window 12, also can make leading section 6 become compact size.

More specifically, owing to not adopting from the structure of the rear side incident illumination of the annular LGP 47 of C, and adopt structure from from the plane of incidence 47a, the 47b that are cut into C annular (line-of-sighting observation window 12) lower side to the annular LGP 47 interior incident illuminations of C, so, as shown in Figure 4, can be adjacent to form side-looking observation window 13 with the back side of LGP 47, can make the length of leading section 6 become shorter size.

Relative therewith, in the situation of the structure of the rear side incident illumination of the annular LGP 47 from C, need configuration to make the space of the light-emitting component, light guide member etc. of light incident, the length of leading section 6 is elongated.

And, according to present embodiment, reflecting surface 50 by wedge shape, can improve the utilization ratio of light in the actual situation about penetrating to the field of view side as illumination light with respect to being directed into light in the LGP 47, so, can make illuminace component 49 miniaturizations that consisted of by light guide member 46 and LGP 47, and, can also make the compact in size of leading section 6.

And, according to present embodiment, owing to can obtain simultaneously and show direct-view and side-looking both sides' observation image, so, compare with a situation of observing image, can carry out more swimmingly splanchnoscopy.

In addition, in above-mentioned the 1st embodiment, by with fit tightly or the mode of butt at the fixing cardinal extremity face of light guide member 46 of the front end face of photoconduction 45, so that assembling easily, but be not limited to this situation, also can be at the one-body molded LGP 47 of the front end face of photoconduction 45.

And, in the 1st embodiment, adopt the structure by miscellaneous part assembling light guide member 46 and LGP 47, but be not limited to this situation, also can one-body molded light guide member 46 and LGP 47.

And, in above-mentioned the 1st embodiment, adopt the structure that is provided with light guide member 46, but, variation that also can be as shown in figure 10 is such, do not use light guide member 46, for example adopt to make respectively and incide the plane of incidence 47a of LGP 47, the structure of 47b by the exit facet 62a of LED61a, 61b, the light that 62b sends.

LED61a, 61b via drive wire 63a, 63b be located at light supply apparatus 31 in the LED power circuit is connected, LED61a, 61b are by lighting via the LED power supply of drive wire 63a, 63b supply from the LED power circuit.

In the structure of this variation, LED61a, 61b consist of the light injection part, and this light injection part penetrates light with the plane of incidence 47a that incides LGP 47, the mode of 47b.

The action effect of this variation and the 1st embodiment are roughly the same.In addition, in the situation that this variation can be used another photoconduction 44 as shown in Figure 4, also can not use this photoconduction 44 and at the position configuration LED of its front end face, adopt the structure that does not use photoconduction 44.

And, as other variation, shown in the double dot dash line among Fig. 8 C, also can not use the photoconduction 45 as the light injection part, and the light that LED64 is sent incides light guide member 46.

(the 2nd embodiment)

Then, the 2nd embodiment of the present invention is described.Figure 11 and Figure 12 are front elevation and the longitudinal sections that the structure of the leading section in the endoscope of the 2nd embodiment of the present invention is shown.And Figure 13 illustrates the cross-sectional view among Figure 12.

The difference of present embodiment and the 1st embodiment only is the part structure in the leading section 6, so, only the part different from the 1st embodiment described.

In the 1st embodiment, be adjacent to be formed with the side-looking illuminating window 14 that uses the light by photoconduction 44 guiding to carry out the side-looking illumination with the rear of side-looking observation window 13, but, in the present embodiment, this side-looking illuminating window 14 is not set, is also used as the direct-view that direct-view is thrown light on and side-looking is thrown light on/side-looking illuminating window 71 and arrange.

And, in the present embodiment, use the photoconduction 45 in the 1st embodiment and form direct-view/side-looking illuminating window 71 in its front.

Photoconduction 45 in the 1st embodiment fits tightly with the cardinal extremity face of front end face and light guide member 46 or the mode of butt is configured in the inside of support unit 18, but, in the present embodiment, have concurrently for the front that makes photoconduction 45 the 1st embodiment light guide member 46 function and be configured to, make the front flexing of photoconduction 45 become the L word, make the front of flexing further branch into the V word, the front end face of branch and plane of incidence 47a, the 47b of the annular LGP 47 of C are fitted tightly or butt.

But in the present embodiment, the external diameter of photoconduction 45 is thicker than the 1st embodiment, can guide direct-view and the needed illumination light quantity of side-looking.

Has light guide section based on the function of the light guide member 46 of the photoconduction 45 in the present embodiment by label 72 expressions.

The front end face that branches into the V word in this light guide section 72 becomes exit facet 72a, 72b, and this exit facet 72a, 72b penetrate light with the plane of incidence 47a that incides LGP 47, the mode of 47b.In Figure 11, this light guide section 72 is shown by a dotted line.And Figure 13 is for being replaced into the structure that light guide section 72 obtains with the light guide member 46 among Fig. 5.

And Figure 12 adopts the structure that the light guide member 46 among Fig. 4 is replaced into light guide section 72 and obtains, and then, adopt not to be provided for carrying out the photoconduction 44 of side-looking illumination and the structure of side-looking illuminace component 21.Because the configuration space of side-looking illuminating window 14 is not set, so, to compare with the leading section 6 of Fig. 4, the length of leading section 6 shown in Figure 12 becomes shorter size.In addition, in Figure 12, omit label 53,54.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the structure of the LGP 47 in the 1st embodiment is carried out a little change, adopt the structure of looking at illumination and side-looking illumination from direct-view/side-looking illuminating window 71 straight.In addition, the front surface that (front surface) of the confession LGP 47 of direct-view/side-looking illuminating window 71 exposes penetrates the direct-view illumination light as the direct-view illuminating window, and the side-looking illumination light is penetrated as the side-looking illuminating window in the side that the outer peripheral face of confession LGP 47 exposes.

Figure 14 A-Figure 14 C illustrates the illuminace component corresponding with Fig. 8 A-Fig. 8 C of the 1st embodiment.

In the 1st embodiment, the inner peripheral surface in LGP 47 and outer peripheral face are respectively arranged with reflecting surface 57a, 57b, still, in the LGP 47 of present embodiment, are provided with reflecting surface 57a at inner peripheral surface, are provided with transmission plane 57e at outer peripheral face.

In addition, in the present embodiment, also will be cut into wedge shape near the upper position in the LGP 47, the end face after cutting arranges the metal film etc. of reflection usefulness and forms reflecting surface 50.Other structures are identical with the 1st embodiment.

Be based on the effect of the present embodiment of this structure and the main difference part of the 1st embodiment, the outer peripheral face in the LGP 47 in the 1st embodiment is reflecting surface 57b, and is transmission plane 57e in the present embodiment.Therefore, the effect of this difference described.

In the 1st embodiment, shown in Fig. 8 A, incide the light of outer peripheral face all to the inner reflection of LGP 47, still, in the present embodiment, shown in Figure 14 A, the light that incides outer peripheral face with the angle of incidence α more than the setting carries out total reflection.On the other hand, the light transmission of inciding outer peripheral face with the angle of incidence less than setting is crossed outer peripheral face and is penetrated to the side, becomes the side-looking illumination light that side (side-looking field of view) side is thrown light on.

And shown in Figure 14 C, the light that incides the back side, penetrates or penetrates from outer peripheral face to the side-looking observation side to line-of-sighting observation visual field side from front surface to front surface or side (inner peripheral surface or outer peripheral face) sidescattering by the scatter reflections face 57d that is located at the back side.

And same with the 1st embodiment, the light that is directed into the upper side of LGP 47 reflects by reflecting surface 50.

Therefore, according to present embodiment, owing to can look at illumination straight and side-looking is thrown light on from the direct-view that formed by LGP 47/side-looking illuminating window 71, so, effect with the 1st embodiment (can be thrown light on to the field of view side of direct-view under the uneven less state of illumination, can make the effect of leading section miniaturization etc.), and, the size of the length direction of leading section 6 can further be shortened.

Except above-mentioned embodiment, also can adopt further the structure that the 1st embodiment or the 2nd embodiment are out of shape.

For example in the 2nd embodiment, be provided with integratedly light guide section 72 with photoconduction 45, still, also can be as the 1st embodiment bonding photoconduction 45 and light guide member 46 install.

Figure 15 illustrates the longitudinal section of the leading section 6 that for example the 2nd embodiment is out of shape and obtains.In the 1st embodiment, carry out the side-looking illumination by the reflection part reflection.Relative therewith, in structure shown in Figure 15, use following structure: carry out discretely looking at straight/side-looking illumination in the structure of the illumination of side-looking by the annular LGP 47 of the C in the 2nd embodiment with direct-view.

Therefore, in Figure 15, so that photoconduction 44 and photoconduction 45 adjacent modes utilize the main part 51 in the support unit 18 to fix its leading section.The front end face of this photoconduction 44 guides and penetrates the light from light supply apparatus 31, the light of ejaculation incide the 2nd light guide member 46 ' the plane of incidence of cardinal extremity.

Therefore, the leading section of this photoconduction 44 forms light injection part 44a, and this light injection part 44a penetrates the light of deriving from light supply apparatus 31.

The annular LGP 47 of C that the light that penetrates towards the axial front side of leading section 6 from the front end face (front end face of photoconduction 44) of this light injection part 44a is disposed on the annular side-looking illuminating window 14 of C via the light guide member 46 that is shaped to the L word shape ' incide '.In addition, LGP 47 ' also same with the situation of LGP 47 forms plane of incidence 47a ', 47b ' to cutting as the outer peripheral portion of line-of-sighting observation the lower side (rear side of position) in the visual field.And, this LGP 47 ' for example have the regulation internal diameter chimeric with the outer peripheral face of lens frame 55, and its external diameter for example has the predetermined outside diameter identical with the external diameter of mirror lens 16.

As the leading section of the photoconduction 44 of light injection part 44a and light guide member 46 ' formation light injection part 48 ', this light injection part 48 ' with incide LGP 47 ' plane of incidence 47a ', the mode of 47b ' penetrate light.Incide annular the 2nd LGP 47 of C ' light penetrate illumination light from side-looking illuminating window 14 to the side.

The 2nd light guide member 46 ' and the 2nd LGP 47 ' formations carry out the 2nd illuminace component 49 that side-looking throws light on '.In addition, same with the situation of the 1st embodiment in Figure 15, illustrate by photoconduction 45, light guide member 46, LGP 47 and look at the structure of illumination straight.

Figure 16 illustrate the 2nd illuminace component 49 '.

As shown in figure 16, by the light of light guide member 46 ' guiding from exit facet 46a ', 46b ' incide annular the 2nd LGP 47 of C ' plane of incidence 47a ', 47b '.The 2nd LGP 47 ' front surface, be provided with equally the scatter reflections face 57d ' that carries out scatter reflections with its back side.And, be provided with reflecting surface 57a ' at inner peripheral surface, be provided with transmission plane 57e ' at outer peripheral face.

And, the 2nd LGP 47 ' top near the position be provided with by the end face that is cut into wedge shape from inner peripheral surface to the outer peripheral face side to outer circumferential side be the reflecting surface 50 that reflects of side '.And, make be directed into the 2nd LGP 47 ' light be that the field of view side of side-looking penetrates illumination light to the side from side-looking illuminating window 14.

According to this variation, can line-of-sight observation with side-looking and observe, at this moment, can under the uneven less state of illumination, throw light on to line-of-sighting observation visual field side, and, can also under the uneven less state of illumination, throw light on to side-looking field of view side, and, can make leading section 6 miniaturizations.Therefore, the observation image of easy diagnosis can be provided operative doctor.

And, in the situation of the illuminating reflection part of side-looking in using the 1st embodiment, need to be at the front end face of a plurality of positions configuration photoconductions 44 that make progress in week in the situation that the side-looking of circumferential enterprising line width scope is thrown light on, but, in the situation that this variation, the front end face of photoconduction 44 only is set at a position, just can be in the side-looking illumination of circumferential enterprising line width scope.Therefore, can reduce manufacturing cost.

In addition, in the situation that present embodiment (also comprising variation) also can constitute, do not arrange light guide member 46,46 ', for example with the plane of incidence 47a that incides LGP 47, the mode of 47b, directly penetrate the light that is sent by the light-emitting components such as LED as the light injection part.

(the 3rd embodiment)

Then, the 3rd embodiment of the present invention is described.In above-mentioned embodiment, variation etc., be illustrated using the structure in the situation about can look at straight with the objective system 11 of side-looking, still, the invention belongs to the situation of the objective system with direct-view.

Figure 17 illustrate the objective system 11 of the direct-view with the 3rd embodiment of the present invention ' the structure example of leading section 6.Because the endoscope of present embodiment and above-mentioned embodiment, variation are similar, so, only different structure is described.

In the leading section 6 in the endoscope of present embodiment, for example adopt the objective system 11 of the structure do not have the mirror lens 16 on the side-looking observation window 13 that is configured in Figure 15 ', and, adopt the structure that does not have side-looking observation window 13.

In the present embodiment, make front lens mount 60 that front lens 41 is installed ' chimeric with the lens frame 56 that rear lens section 54 and imaging apparatus 34 are installed, thereby can focus to the chimeric amount adjustment on the direction of optical axis O.In this situation, the mode that forms the direct-view shot object image with the shooting face at imaging apparatus 34 is focused.And, in the present embodiment, adopt the structure that does not have side-looking illuminating window 14.

Therefore, in leading section shown in Figure 17 6, adopt the side-looking do not have among Figure 15 throw light on employed photoconduction 44, the 2nd light guide member 46 ' and the 2nd LGP 47 ' structure.On the other hand, same with the illustrated situation of Figure 15, the light that penetrates from front end face that guides by 46 pairs of photoconductions 45 of light guide member guides, and then, penetrate illumination light by the annular LGP 47 of C that is configured on the direct-view illuminating window 15 to direct-view visual field side.In addition, the structure that illustrates in light guide member 46, LGP 47 and the 1st embodiment is identical.

Because the effect relevant with the direct-view illumination of present embodiment is identical with the 1st embodiment, so the description thereof will be omitted.

According to present embodiment, same with situation about illustrating in the 1st embodiment, can prevent effectively that the illumination light intensity with in the opposed part of lower side in the conventional example of Figure 18 from increasing and produce halation.

And, according to present embodiment, owing to form the annular direct-view illuminating window 15 of C in the periphery of line-of-sighting observation window 12 in the mode of removing the lower side part, so, can under the uneven less state of illumination, throw light on to the field of view side of direct-view.That is, can carry out the illumination of high-quality.

And, according to present embodiment, reflecting surface 50 by wedge shape, can improve with respect to the light of supplying with and the utilization ratio of light in the actual situation about penetrating to the field of view side as illumination light, so, can make illuminace component 49 miniaturizations, and, can also make the compact in size of leading section 6.

According to present embodiment, compare with the 1st embodiment, because side-looking observation window 13, side-looking illuminating window 14 not being set, so, can further shorten the length of leading section 6.

Then, the illumination light that can use photoconduction to guide is carried out Uniform Illumination and small-sized and easy manufacturing, described for the larger endoscope-use illuminator of patience of distortion.

(the 4th embodiment)

The endoscope 101 of as shown in figure 18, having carried the endoscope-use illuminator of the 1st embodiment of the present invention have insert the elongated insertion section 102 of waiting in the body cavity, be arranged on the operating portion 103 of the rear end of this insertion section 102, from these operating portion 103 extended general cables 104.The light source of the not shown end side of this general cable 104 is connected adapter to be connected with the processor that carries out signal processing with the external light source device of endoscope 101 respectively with adapter with signal.

Have flexible insertion section 102 have the leading section 106 that is arranged on its front end and with the bending bending section 107 freely of the adjacent setting in rear end of this leading section 106.User rotates the operation of the bending operation knob 105 be located at operating portion 103 by the finger that utilizes the hands of controlling operating portion 103, this bending section 107 can be up and down, about any bending direction crooked.

Above-mentioned light supply apparatus produces illumination light, and this illumination light incides the light source adapter of endoscope 101.

Incide light source and be directed into its front end face with the illumination light of adapter by running through the photoconductions 108 that insert in general cable 104, operating portion 103 and the insertion section 102.The illumination light that is directed into its front end face by this photoconduction 108 incides the light conductor 112 of the toroidal of the endoscope-use illuminator 111 that forms the 4th embodiment.Then, penetrate illumination light from the illumination light exit facet (brief note is exit facet) 131 of the front surface side of light conductor 112, will throw light on as illumination zone for the object of observation position sides such as endoceliac affected part of insertion section 102 insertions.

And shown in the sectional view of the leading section 106 of Figure 19, the inboard of the toroidal in light conductor 112 disposes objective lens optical system 113, disposes the imaging apparatus 114 that is made of charge coupled cell etc. at its image space.

Objective lens optical system 113 forms the optical image at the object of observation position of throwing light at the shooting face of imaging apparatus 114, the image pickup signal that is undertaken after the opto-electronic conversion by imaging apparatus 114 is input to processor via signal cable.Processor carries out signal processing to image pickup signal, to the picture signal that display device output generates, the endoscopic images that the display device demonstration is corresponding with picture signal.

And, as shown in figure 18, near the front end of operating portion 103, be provided with for the treatment instrument insert port 115 of inserting treatment instrument this treatment instrument insert port 115 and the section within it channel connection that 102 length direction forms along the insertion section.This passage is passage front end opening 116 at the front end face opening of leading section 106.

As shown in figure 19, in leading section 106, be located at observation (shooting) in the front-end architecture parts 121 of cylindrical shape with the mode cutting of hole enlargement with the front end of open-work, the light conductor 112 of toroidal is configured in the outer circumferential side of (being formed by light-blocking member) front lens frame 122, disposes the front lens of the objective lens optical system 113 that is installed on the front lens frame 122 in the annulus inboard of light conductor 112.As mentioned above, the image space at this objective lens optical system 113 disposes imaging apparatus 114.In addition, front lens frame 122 is embedded in the hole section of holding plate 123 of the formation such as use rustless steel at the back side that is configured in light conductor 112 and is fixed, and this holding plate 123 is fixed on the front end face of front-end architecture parts 121.

Rear lens group in the rear side configuration of the front lens that consists of objective lens optical system 113 is installed in the lens frame 124.

And the front of photoconduction 108 is passed the illumination open-work of being located in the front-end architecture parts 121 along the length direction of insertion section 102, and then photoconduction 108 is roughly 90 ° of its front flexings.In addition, photoconduction 108 transmits a plurality of optical fiberss of illumination light by harness and the fibre bundle that obtains consists of.

In Figure 19, the front end of the photoconduction 108 of flexing extends to light conductor 112 sides that are configured in the top.The illumination light that penetrates from the end face of the front end of flexing incides the incident section (or light accepting part) that the light conductor 112 with this end contact forms.

And end shield 125 covers the outer peripheral face of front-end architecture parts 121 before utilizing, and utilizes this front end shield 125 to cover the front of the flexing of photoconduction 108, thereby protects photoconduction 108.

And, the cutting part 126 that near the part the lower end of the exit facet 131 of light conductor 112 is cut into the jump shape is set, front end shield 125 form with the outstanding protuberance 125a of the mode of these cutting part 126 butts.And, can not come off from leading section 106 by this protuberance 125a protection light conductor 112.And 102 interior protected pipes cover photoconduction 108 in the insertion section, in leading section 106, are fixed on illumination with in the open-work by filling component or bonding agent etc.

Penetrate the illumination light that incides light conductor 112 from the front end face of photoconduction 108 from the exit facet 131 of the front surface side of being located at light conductor 112, roughly equably the range of observation of objective lens optical system 113 is thrown light on.The summary scope of the illumination light that penetrates from exit facet 131 shown in Figure 19.

Figure 20 A illustrates the front elevation of observing the endoscope-use illuminator 111 of present embodiment from the exit facet side of light conductor 112, and Figure 20 B illustrates the I-I ' line sectional view of Figure 20 A.

Shown in Figure 20 A, use the transparent light conductor 112 of toroidal to form endoscope-use illuminator 111.As the cross sectional shape corresponding with the situation of observing light conductor 112 from face side, endoscope-use illuminator 111 has following profile: the roughly water droplet shape that will link to each other and form respectively from 2 lines by shown in the single-point line that 2 P1, P2 extend, wherein, the angle that forms of described 2 P1, P2 is than little through 2 points of the diameter of annulus periphery (situation under 180 °).

And, this endoscope-use illuminator 111 has the annulus section 132 that forms by cutting part 133 is set, and this cutting part 133 is to cut the part of outer circumferential side, more specifically obtain as the periphery that comprises the position that above-mentioned 2 lines link to each other respectively in the mode of not cutting off described toroidal (toroidal of link) on the direction of the 2 lines roughly vertical line separately in linking the profile of above-mentioned water droplet shape.In addition, the shape shown in Figure 20 A is identical shaped (wherein, cutting part 126 does not occur owing to the sectional position sometimes) in the sectional view parallel with the paper of this Figure 20 A.

And, this endoscope-use illuminator 111 is provided with each incident end face 134 for above-mentioned light conductor 112 at each section, this each incident end face 134 is arranged on 2 sections after the cutting in the described cutting part 133, the incident section (or light accepting part) of the end contact of formation and this photoconduction 108 is so that incide in vertical direction each section from the illumination light of described photoconduction 108.

Whole of 2 each sections that incident end face 134 can be formed by the cutting by cutting part 133 zone forms, also can be by forming with (as the part of each section) 2 each end regions of the end contact of photoconduction 108 respectively.

And shown in Figure 20 A, photoconduction 108 branches into the Y-shaped shape near front end, and 2 end faces after the branch contact with 2 incident end faces 134 respectively.In this situation, near the optical fiber direct of travel the end face of photoconduction 108 is contacting with incident end face 134 respectively with under the vertical state of each incident end face 134.Then, be set as from the illumination light of photoconduction 108 from the direction incident (to 2 incident end faces 134) vertical with 2 incident end faces 134.Like this, in the present embodiment, have from the function of simultaneously incident of the direction vertical with 2 incident end faces 134 by the illumination light of photoconduction 108 guiding.

And, this endoscope-use illuminator 111 is provided with the reflection part 135 of film like, this reflection part 135 is formed on the inner peripheral surface (interior perimeter surface) of annulus section 132 of the toroidal of light conductor 112, have as the function that incides in the situation of inner peripheral surface the reflecting part that reflects to described annulus section 132 inside in the illumination light that incides described light conductor 112 inside, formed for the higher parts of the reflectance of illumination light by aluminum etc.

This reflection part 135 has the reflecting surface as the face of the described illumination light that incides inner peripheral surface towards the internal reflection of described annulus section from the inside of described annulus section 132.

In addition, as the reflection part 135 that consists of reflecting part, be not limited to be arranged on the situation of the whole inner peripheral surface of annulus section 132, also can be configured at least the incident section side (the inner peripheral surface part of the photoconduction 108 of the close lower end among Figure 20 A) that is provided with cutting part 133,, reflect to annulus section 132 inside directly in the situation of inner peripheral surface incident in the illumination light that incides described light conductor 112.Like this, under being arranged near the situation on the part of the incident end face 134 that is provided with cutting part 133, also can light shielding part partly be set the inner peripheral surface beyond this part, so that illumination light can not incide objective lens optical system 113.

In addition, in the present embodiment, owing to disposing the front lens frame 122 that the material by having shade function of toroidal forms in the inboard of annulus section 132, so, even to the inboard illumination light that penetrates of the inner peripheral surface of annulus section 132, also by 122 shadings of front lens frame, can prevent that illumination light from inciding the front lens of the objective lens optical system 113(of front lens frame 122 inboards).Therefore, need to light shielding part be set at the inner peripheral surface of annulus section 132.

And, on the annulus surface in opposed 2 annulus surfaces of this endoscope-use illuminator 111 in the described annulus section 132 that is formed by above-mentioned light conductor 112, be provided with and penetrate the exit facet 131 of illumination light that incides annulus section 132 inside of light conductor 112 from described photoconduction 108.

In addition, as the roughly water droplet shape before the cutting part 133 that arranges in the annulus section 132, being not limited to the situation of the dashdotted shape of list of Figure 20 A, also can be the shape that lower end side has fillet shown in double dot dash line.In the situation that arbitrary shape is identical shaped in being provided with the annulus section 132 of cutting part 133.

And, shown in Figure 20 B, the annulus surface of the rear side of the opposition side of the above-mentioned exit facet 131 in the annulus section 132 of light conductor 112 is provided with light diffusion part 136, this light diffusion part 136 make penetrate from the inside of annulus section 132 and the illumination light of incident to respect to the angled direction diffusion of direction tool of the annulus Surface Vertical of annulus section 132, and to 132 internal reflections of annulus section.In addition, as this light diffusion part 136, also can mainly be formed to the light scattering section of annulus section 132 private side scatterings by the illumination light that makes incident.

And, as light diffusion part 136, for example following formation: the annulus surface of rear side is become the matsurface of Pericarpium Pyri shape as concavo-convex treated side, further at the good coating materials such as reflective coating of the surface of this concavo-convex treated side coating luminous reflectance function.In addition, also as described later variation make like that the annulus surface of rear side become the concavo-convex treated side of semi-spherical shape.

And, in the present embodiment, shown in Figure 20 B, the exit facet 131 of annulus section 132 is processed into the curved surface 137 that its outer circumferential side has fillet.

Like this, the curved surface 137 that forms at the outer circumferential side of the part of the exit facet 131 of annulus section 132 has the scatter function of section of light, make the illumination light that incides curved surface 137 penetrate dispersedly light (therefore having on the direction of suitable angle with direction perpendicular to the annulus surface, more in a broad aspect, have make light in the function of the light diffusion part that spreads with the angled direction of direction tool perpendicular to the annulus surface).

In addition, in Figure 20 A and Figure 20 B, illustrate cutting part 126, still, after Figure 21 A, except Figure 22 B, Figure 32, become and simplify and the elliptical accompanying drawing.

The endoscope-use illuminator 111 of the present embodiment of this structure penetrates the illumination light that incides this transparent light conductor 112 that comprises toroidal from the outside via photoconduction 108 from light conductor 112, it is characterized in that, described light conductor 112 has: annulus section 132, it is provided with cutting part 133, and this cutting part 133 is to obtain in a part that links on the direction of 2 lines roughly vertical line separately of 2 extensions of circle periphery the profile take the mode cutting section that do not cut off described toroidal as the roughly water droplet shape that respectively described 2 lines is connected together; Consist of the incident end face 134 of incident section, it is arranged on the section after the cutting in the described cutting part 133, with the end contact of this photoconduction 108, so that incide in vertical direction this section from the illumination light of described photoconduction 108; Form the reflection part 135 of reflecting part, it is configured in the side that is provided with at least described cutting part 133 in the inner peripheral surface of described annulus section 132, incides the described illumination light of described light conductor 112 to 132 internal reflections of described annulus section; And exit facet 131, it is arranged on an annulus surface in the described annulus section 132, penetrates the described illumination light of institute's incident.

Then, the effect of present embodiment described.The external light source device etc. of endoscope shown in Figure 180 101 and this endoscope 101 is connected, connects the power supply of light supply apparatus, produce illumination light.This illumination light incides the incident end face of photoconduction 108, and photoconduction 108 is directed to the illumination light of institute's incident the end face of the front end of photoconduction 108.

The end face of the front end of photoconduction 108 contacts with the incident end face 134 of light conductor 112, and, illumination light from photoconduction 108 incides incident end face 134 from vertical direction, so, incide efficiently annulus section 132 inside (suppress to produce not to be in the situation of vertical direction reflection) of light conductor 112 from the illumination light of photoconduction 108.

The illumination light that incides annulus section 132 inside of light conductor 112 reflects as Figure 19, Figure 21 A, Figure 21 B and the light diffusion, penetrates from exit facet 131 efficiently.

In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 19, owing to configuring the annulus section 132 of the light conductor 112 of toroidal in the mode on every side of surrounding objective lens optical system 113, so, the illumination light that can penetrate by photoconduction 108 guiding from the exit facet 131 of the annulus section 132 of light conductor 112 is so that roughly throw light on to the range of observation (image pickup scope) of objective lens optical system 113 equably.And, owing to adopting the structure do not use illuminating lens and to penetrate illumination light from this exit facet 131 (in other words, the annulus section 132 of light conductor 112 is with the function of illuminating lens), so, the endoscope-use illuminator that makes leading section 106 miniaturizations can be provided.

And, in the present embodiment, link light conductor 112(with toroidal and do not cut off in order to keep (maintenance)) shape, the part of its outer circumferential side is cut and form incident end face 134, so, compare with the situation of the shape of cutting off toroidal, can increase the patience for distortion, and, the endoscope-use illuminator that is not easy during fabrication breakage, easily makes can be provided.

And shown in the arrow of Figure 21 A, the reflection part 135 of the inner peripheral surface side by annulus section 132 reflects the illumination light of annulus section 132 inside of inciding light conductor 112, and, at the outer peripheral face of annulus section 132 most illumination light is reflected.Therefore, can be efficiently guide the illumination light that incides light conductor 112 makes it penetrate from exit facet 131.

And, shown in Figure 21 B, the light diffusion part 136 at the back side by annulus section 132 makes the inner and illumination light that incides its back side from annulus section 132 inside of the annulus section 132 of inciding light conductor 112 spreading with respect to the angled direction of direction tool with the annulus Surface Vertical of annulus section 132, reflects to annulus section 132 private sides.Therefore, can be efficiently the illumination light of the annulus section 132 of inciding light conductor 112 be guided and penetrates from exit facet 131.

Figure 21 C is illustrated in the key diagram of the effect in the situation that forms curved surface 137 on the part of exit facet 131.Among the figure in the left side in Figure 21 C, utilize arrow that the situation that penetrates light by the annulus section 132 of the light conductor 112 in the situation that does not form curved surface 137 is shown.

In this situation, when increasing from the inside of annulus section 132 to the angle of incidence of exit facet 131 incidents, sometimes reflected by exit facet 131 and penetrate illumination light to the back side direction of the opposition side of exit facet 131.That is, greatly depart from the range of observation of objective lens optical system 113, produce the situation that unwanted direction is thrown light on.

Relative therewith, shown in the right side of Figure 21 C, by forming curved surface 137, prevent that (inhibition) is to back side direction ejaculation illumination light, can increase the illumination light quantity that range of observation is thrown light on as illumination zone, and, the light of ejaculation is scattered, can throw light on to illumination zone with more uniform light distribution characteristic.

In addition, in above-mentioned the 4th embodiment, also can adopt not rear side in annulus section 132 arrange light diffusion part 136 the 1st variation structure endoscope-use illuminator 111 '.Figure 21 D illustrates and penetrates the situation of the illumination light that incides light conductor 112 from exit facet 131 in the situation of structure of this variation.

In this variation, because light diffusion part 136 is not set, so, compare with the situation of Figure 21 B, make the illumination light at the back side of inciding annulus section 132 carry out the function reduction that light spreads, still, in the situation that the angle of wide region is thrown light on, can adopt this structure.

Figure 22 A illustrates the structure of the light diffusion part 136B among the endoscope-use illuminator 111B of the 2nd variation of present embodiment.In the 4th embodiment, as light diffusion part 136, for example make the annulus surface of rear side become the concavo-convex treated side of Pericarpium Pyri shape, and then, utilize at the good reflective coating of the reflection function of concavo-convex treated side etc. to apply.

Relative therewith, in this variation, concavo-convex treated side as light diffusion part 136, shown in the enlarged drawing of the part among Figure 22 A, the annulus of side surface forms the light diffusingsurface 141 of semi-spherical shape overleaf, utilizes 142 pairs of these surfaces of minute surface coating section (or luminous reflectance coating section) to carry out minute surface coating and formation light diffusion part 136B.Other structures are structures identical with the 4th embodiment.In addition, carry out in annulus section 132 inside also can adopting the structure that minute surface coating section 142 is not set in the situation of function of light diffusion or light scattering only just can fully realizing making the illumination light that incides this light diffusingsurface 141 from annulus section 132 inside by light diffusingsurface 141.

This variation has the action effect roughly the same with the situation of the 4th embodiment.

And Figure 22 B illustrates the structure of the reflecting part that the inner peripheral surface of the annulus section 132 among the endoscope-use illuminator 111C of the 3rd variation arranges.

In the 4th embodiment, be provided with the reflection part 135 that has as the function of reflecting part at the inner peripheral surface of annulus section 132.Relative therewith, in this variation, the reflecting surface 122a of the good reflectance coating of reflection function etc. is set at the outer surface of the front lens frame 122 of the toroidal that the front lens 113a that consists of objective lens optical system 113 is installed, and 122a has the function of reflection part 135 by this reflecting surface.

The inner peripheral surface of this reflecting surface 122a and annulus section 132 is chimeric, makes from the annulus section 132 of light conductor 112 by this reflecting surface 122a and incides the illumination light of reflecting surface 122a side to annulus section 132 inner reflections.Other structures are structures identical with the 4th embodiment.This variation has the action effect roughly the same with the situation of the 4th embodiment.In addition, in this variation, be not limited to form at the whole inner peripheral surface of annulus section 132 situation of reflecting surface 122a, also can reflecting surface 122a be set in the part near incident end face 134, the incident section that this incident end face 134 forms from the illumination light institute incident of photoconduction 108.

In addition; shown in Figure 22 B; near cutting part 126 butts of the jump shape that forms the incident end face 134 of the protuberance 125a of front end shield 125 as illustrated in fig. 19 and in the annulus section 132 of light conductor 112, protection light conductor 112 can not come off from the leading section 106 of endoscope 101.

In this situation, also can with the protuberance 125a with cutting part 126 butts of annulus section 132, near the inner surface of the front end shield 125 the front end that covers photoconduction 108 forms catoptrical photo-emission part etc.In the example shown in Figure 22 B, also can light-reflecting components or the 125b of luminous reflectance coating section (minute surface coating section) be set at the inner surface that covers near the front end shield 125 the front end of photoconduction 108, make from photoconduction 108 and leak into the illumination light of front end shield 125 sides to photoconduction 108 lateral reflections, reduce light loss, illumination light is incided in the light conductor 112 from photoconduction 108.

Figure 23 illustrates the side view (A) of endoscope-use illuminator 111D of the 4th variation of the 4th embodiment and the structure of back view (B).Shown in Figure 23 (A) and Figure 23 (B), the surface in the rear side of the annulus section 132 of light conductor 112 for example forms the roughly reflector 151 of semi-spherical shape in each grid point position of square lattice, consists of the light diffusion part.In addition, can reflector 151 be set on the whole surface of the rear side of annulus section 132, also can as shown in figure 23, only near incident end face 134, not form reflector 151.

And, in this variation, this reflector 151 is that the outstanding height from the surface at r, the back side is in the situation of h in the radius of curvature of establishing its sphere shown in the enlarged drawing that a part is amplified among Figure 23 (A), is set as height h and satisfies following (1) formula

h≤100μm?（1）

And satisfy following (2) formula

0.3≤h/r≤0.6?（2）

Condition.

As the condition that satisfies (1), (2) formula, in the situation that be set as near r=70 μ m, the h=35 μ m, the handling ease when forming reflector 151, and, as the light diffusion part, has the effect that can fully improve the function that the light to institute's incident spreads.

In addition, prescribe a time limit when h/r is reduced to less than the lower of (2) formula, diffusion function reduces.On the other hand, prescribe a time limit when h/r increases to above the upper of (2) formula, the ratio that light is enclosed in the inside of reflector 151 increases, diffusion and the light quantity reduction of penetrating from exit facet 131.

According to this variation, can the light at the back side in the annulus section 132 of inciding light conductor 112 be spread, and penetrate from exit facet 131 efficiently.In addition, have the action effect identical with the 4th embodiment.The backside surface that in addition, also can utilize 142 pairs in the minute surface coating section that illustrates among Figure 22 A to be provided with the annulus section 132 of reflector 151 carries out the minute surface coating.

And, the endoscope-use illuminator 111E of the 5th variation that also can be as shown in figure 24 is such, and the setting of the part of the outer peripheral face in annulus section 132 makes from the illumination light of annulus section 132 inner incidents carries out the light scattering of light scattering or light diffusion/light diffusion part 155 in annulus section 132 inside.

In example shown in Figure 24, in the endoscope-use illuminator 111 of the 4th embodiment, not the whole outer peripheral face in annulus section 132, but at the outer peripheral face of having removed near a part of outer peripheral face of the exit facet 131 that is formed with curved surface 137 light scattering/light diffusion part 155 is set.In addition, also light scattering/light diffusion part 155 can be arranged near the outer peripheral face except the exit facet 131, perhaps be arranged on the close outer peripheral face at the back side.

By light scattering/light diffusion part 155 is set like this, the illumination light that incides the outer peripheral face of the annulus section 132 in the situation that light scattering/light diffusion part 155 is not set with the angle near the right angle can at the outer peripheral face place to the private side reflection of annulus section 132, can not make the illumination light (being the illumination light that departs from illumination zone in this situation) that penetrates to the outside of outer peripheral face carry out light diffusion or light scattering in the inside of annulus section 132.

Thus, can increase the illumination light quantity that penetrates illumination light to illumination zone.In addition, have the action effect identical with the 4th embodiment.

(the 5th embodiment)

Then, with reference to Figure 25 the endoscope-use illuminator 111F of the 5th embodiment of the present invention is described.The endoscope-use illuminator 111F of present embodiment for example in the endoscope-use illuminator 111 of the 4th embodiment the shape to the inner peripheral surface of annulus section 132 change.

In the present embodiment, to have the central shaft O from exit facet 131 sides along annulus section 132 be the taper seat 161 of taper to the rear side hole enlargement of the opposition side of this ejaculation direction to the inner peripheral surface of annulus section 132.Same with the situation of the 4th embodiment, be formed with reflection part 135 on the surface of this taper seat 161.

As mentioned above, become the shape of taper seat 161 by making inner peripheral surface, compare with the situation that does not form taper seat 161, can increase and make the illumination light reflection of inciding inner peripheral surface from annulus section 132 inside and to the function of exit facet 131 directions guiding.

In addition, in the situation that present embodiment, direction that will be parallel with the central shaft O of annulus section 132 and the angle θ of 161 one-tenth of taper seats are set as about 1 °≤θ≤10 °.Other structures are structures identical with the 4th embodiment.

Then, with reference to Figure 26 A the effect of present embodiment is described.Shown in the arrow of Figure 26 A, sometimes incide inner peripheral surface in the mode vertical with the central shaft O of annulus section 132 from the illumination light of photoconduction 108 incidents, sometimes the annulus along annulus section 132 is directed, and the outer peripheral face by the upper surface position reflects and incides inner peripheral surface.

Because inner peripheral surface tilts in the mode to the rear side hole enlargement, so the illumination light that is reflected parts 135 reflections is guided to the exit facet direction as shown by arrows, penetrates from exit facet 131.

Relative therewith, in Figure 26 A, for example shown in double dot dash line, in the situation of the inner peripheral surface that does not form taper, make the illumination light that incides inner peripheral surface to the outer peripheral face lateral reflection, so the ratio that penetrates from outer peripheral face increases, compare with the situation of present embodiment, the light quantity that is directed into exit facet 131 sides reduces.

Figure 26 B illustrates in the situation that the situation that the illumination light beyond Figure 26 A direction vertical with central shaft O guides.

According to present embodiment, can make efficiently the illumination light of annulus section 132 inside of inciding light conductor 112 to the guiding of exit facet 131 sides and ejaculation.In addition, have the action effect identical with the 4th embodiment.

Figure 27 illustrates the side cross-sectional views of endoscope-use illuminator 111G of the 1st variation of the 5th embodiment.The endoscope-use illuminator 111F of the 5th embodiment changes the shape of the inner peripheral surface of the annulus section 132 in the 4th embodiment, relative therewith, the endoscope-use illuminator 111G of this variation adopts the shape at the back side of annulus section 132 is out of shape and the structure that obtains.

As shown in figure 27, in this variation, the annulus section 132 of light conductor 112 makes the back side tilt from the direction parallel with exit facet 131 so that along with to distant place side away from (separation) incident end face 134 from photoconduction 108 incident illumination light, the wall thickness of annulus section 132 reduces.

In other words, the inclined backside 165 that employing is tilted the back side, so that the wall thickness at the exit facet 131 in establishing annulus section 132 and its back side is when being at incident end face 134 places of the lower end of annulus section 132, this wall thickness to is along with towards reducing away from the upper side of incident end face 134, position in the upper end, the wall thickness minimum becomes tu(to〉tu).

In addition, be provided with the light diffusion part 136 that illustrates in the 4th embodiment on the surface of inclined backside 165.Other structures are structures identical with the 4th embodiment.In addition, the situation that this variation is applied to the 4th embodiment has been described, still, also can be applied to as the 5th embodiment, the inner peripheral surface of annulus section 132 be formed the situation of taper.

Figure 28 A illustrates the situation that spreads from the light diffusion part 136 of illumination light on the surface of being located at inclined backside 165 of photoconduction 108 incidents in the mode parallel with exit facet 131.And the situation that Figure 28 B illustrates except the situation of Figure 28 A, the illumination light of incident on the direction beyond the direction parallel with exit facet 131 spreads at the light diffusion part 136 of inclined backside 165.

Like this, in this variation, make the inclined backside 165 of back side inclination by formation, compare with the situation that does not form this inclined backside 165, can increase the illumination light that incides away from the back portion of incident end face 134 in (on the statistics) on the probability, the diffusion of the light diffusion part 136 by its back portion can increase the illumination light that penetrates from exit facet 131.

In above-mentioned (situation that comprises variation) embodiment, the illumination light that makes photoconduction 108 incides annulus section 132 from the direction vertical with the central shaft of the annulus section 132 of light conductor 112.

Relative therewith, variation as described below is such, also can constitute, make from angle that the incident direction of the illumination light of photoconduction 108 incidents becomes with the central shaft O of annulus section 132 as less than 90 ° angle α, carry out incident towards the rear side of the opposition side of the exit facet 131 of annulus section 132.

Figure 29 illustrates the side cross-sectional views of endoscope-use illuminator 111H of the 2nd variation of the 5th embodiment.In addition, roughly the same from figure and Figure 20 A of this variation of top view.

As shown in figure 29, flexing is more than 90 ° near the front end of photoconduction 108, and its front end face and central shaft O are the 90 °-α in angle.

Equally, the incident end face 134 with the end contact of the front end of photoconduction 108 is the 90 °-α in angle with central shaft O.And, be formed with the light diffusion part 136 based on male and fomale(M﹠F) etc. at the back side of annulus section 132.Other structures are identical with the 4th embodiment.

According to this variation, as the 1st variation, can increase the illumination light that makes from the surface feeding sputtering of photoconduction 108 to annulus section 132 inside of light conductor 112 to the ratio of light diffusion part 136 guiding at the back side of annulus section 132.Therefore, the efficient that penetrates illumination light from exit facet 131 to the illumination zone that covers range of observation improves.In other words, need not make photoconduction 108 become particle size, just can increase the illumination light quantity that penetrates from exit facet 131.In addition, have the effect identical with the 4th embodiment.

Figure 30 illustrates near the structure the incident end face of the annulus section 132 among the endoscope-use illuminator 111I of the 3rd variation.

In this variation, 90 ° of the same flexings of the situation of the front of photoconduction 108 and the 4th, the 5th embodiment, the end face of inclined cut front end, and, make the incident end face 134 of annulus section 132 become inclined end face 134a so that from the direction vertical with the central shaft O of annulus section 132 towards rear side.

And, make the refractive index n d of the light conductor 112 with annulus section 132 greater than the refractive index n l of photoconduction 108.

And, as shown in figure 30, by the refractive index n d larger than the refractive index n l of photoconduction 108, make from the front end face of photoconduction 108 and incide the illumination light of inclined end face 134a of the incident end face 134 that forms annulus section 132 to the direction refraction incident of rear side.

Namely, be β i when establishing angle of incidence from from photoconduction 108 to inclined end face 134a incident, when being β o to the annulus section 132 inner angles of emergence that penetrate of light conductor 112, become β i〉β o, make the illumination light of the inside of inciding annulus section 132 to the light diffusion part 136 sides guiding at the back side.Have the effect identical with the 2nd variation of present embodiment.

In addition, the endoscope-use illuminator 111J of the 4th variation that also can be as shown in figure 31 is such, adopts the structure of the front flexing that does not make photoconduction 108, configures light guide member 171 between the incident end face 134 of the end face of its front end and light conductor 112.As shown in figure 31, the end contact of the front end of the incident end face of light guide member 171 and photoconduction 108, from the illumination light of the front end face incident of photoconduction 108 in the reflection of reflecting surface 171a right angle, to guiding with the opposed ejaculation end face of this reflecting surface 171a 171b.

Also be set as in this variation, the incident end face 134 of light conductor 112 has inclined end face 134b, this inclined end face 134b with perpendicular to the face angulation of central shaft O less than 90 °.

And the refractive index d1 of light guide member 171 is greater than the refractive index n d(n1 of light conductor 112〉nd).Therefore, be γ i when establishing angle of incidence from from light guide member 171 to inclined end face 134b incident, when being γ o to the annulus section 132 inner angles of emergence that penetrate of light conductor 112, become γ i＜γ o, make the illumination light of the inside of inciding annulus section 132 to the light diffusion part 136 sides guiding at the back side.

This variation has the effect identical with the 2nd variation.

In addition, the embodiment that forms with the combination of above-mentioned embodiment (situation that comprises variation) part etc. also belongs to the present invention.And, in above-mentioned embodiment etc., for example also can replace the light scattering/light diffusion part 155 among Figure 24 and adopt catoptrical reflecting part.And, for example also can replace at the reflection part 135 of the inner peripheral surface setting of the annulus section 132 of Figure 20 B and the light scattering section of scattered light is set.

And, in the above-described embodiment, illustrated and 2 incident end faces 134 have been set as for the situation from the incident section of the illumination light incident of photoconduction 108, still, endoscope-use illuminator 111K shown in figure 32 is such, also can constitute only to make illumination light incide 1 incident end face 134.

Shown in figure 32, can not branch into the Y-shaped shape near the front end of photoconduction 108, but flexing a little, its end face contacts with incident end face 134, makes the illumination light of photoconduction 108 incide incident end face 134 from vertical direction.

And, in the annulus section 132 of light conductor 112 not as the end face 134 of incident end face 134 ' the surface be provided with catoptrical reflecting part 181, make incide from annulus section 132 inside this end face 134 ' light to 132 internal reflections of annulus section (it is returned).In addition, also can replace reflecting part 181 and light scattering section or light diffusion part are set.Other structure example are as identical with the 4th embodiment.

This endoscope-use illuminator 111K has the effect roughly the same with the 4th embodiment.Illustrated that structure applications in the situation that will have 1 incident end face 134 in the situation of the 4th embodiment, still, also can be applied to other variation or the 5th embodiment etc.For example, shown in the double dot dash line among Figure 32, also reflecting part 182 can be set at the outer peripheral face of annulus section 132.In this situation, can be arranged on whole outer peripheral face, still, as shown in figure 24, also can be arranged on except near the whole outer peripheral face the exit facet 131 that is provided with curved surface 137 or the outer peripheral face near the part at the back side.About incide the illumination light of outer peripheral face from annulus section 132 inside by reflecting part 182, in the situation that angle of incidence is less, also can suppresses its outside to outer peripheral face and penetrate, can increase the illumination light quantity that penetrates from exit facet 131.In addition, also can replace reflecting part 182 and light scattering section or light diffusion part are set.

In addition, part makes up above-mentioned embodiment, variation etc. and the embodiment that consists of etc. also belong to the present invention.

The application applies for as the basis of claim of priority Japanese Patent Application 2011-246739 number of Japanese publication Japanese Patent Application 2011-85315 number of Japanese publication and on November 10th, 2011 take on April 7th, 2011, and above-mentioned disclosure is referred in present specification, claims and the accompanying drawing.

Claims (20)

1. an endoscope is characterized in that, this endoscope has:

Line-of-sight observation window, its leading section in the insertion section is provided with axial front side with described insertion section as the direct-view object lens of line-of-sighting observation the visual field;

LGP, it is disposed in the direct-view illuminating window that described outer circumferential side of line-of-sighting observation window forms, have the C annular shape that the light of the plane of incidence that the outer peripheral portion that incides the described lower side of line-of-sighting observation the visual field of cutting is formed guides, be formed with respectively make the light scatter reflections to the reflecting surface at the back side and to the front surface transillumination and as illumination light to described transmission plane of line-of-sighting observation visual field side ejaculation; And

The light injection part, its mode with the described plane of incidence incident in described LGP penetrates light,

The position of the upper side in described LGP has from the back side of this LGP towards the front surface side and is cut into wedge shape and the reflecting surface of the wedge shape that forms, so that penetrate the light that guides to the front surface side of this LGP in described LGP.

2. endoscope according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

Described smooth injection part is formed by light guide member or light injection part, the light that described light guide member penetrates the light injection part guides and penetrates the light that is guided in the mode to the described plane of incidence incident of described LGP, and the light injection part penetrates light in the mode to described plane of incidence incident.

3. endoscope according to claim 2 is characterized in that,

Described endoscope also has:

The side-looking observation window, its be provided with the described rear side of line-of-sighting observation window of described direct-view with object lens be provided with the side of the axial quadrature of the described insertion section side-looking object lens as the side-looking field of view; And

The side-looking illuminating window, it penetrates the side-looking illumination light to described side-looking field of view side.

4. endoscope according to claim 3 is characterized in that,

The front surface of described LGP is configured to be exposed to described line-of-sights observation the described direct-view illuminating window that visual field side penetrates illumination light, and its outer peripheral face is configured to be exposed to described side-looking illuminating window, and described LGP is used for the direct-view illumination and side-looking is thrown light on.

5. endoscope according to claim 2 is characterized in that,

Described LGP has the described plane of incidence, the part that the cutting of this plane of incidence has this annulus in the LGP of toroidal of regulation internal diameter and predetermined outside diameter forms, and described LGP is formed with respectively the reflection of light face at the inner peripheral surface with described regulation internal diameter and the outer peripheral face with described predetermined outside diameter.

6. endoscope according to claim 4 is characterized in that,

Described LGP has the described plane of incidence, the lower side that the cutting of this plane of incidence has this annulus in the LGP of toroidal of regulation internal diameter and predetermined outside diameter forms, and described LGP has the reflection of light face that is formed on the inner peripheral surface with described regulation internal diameter and is formed on the optical transmission face of the outer peripheral face with described predetermined outside diameter.

7. endoscope according to claim 3 is characterized in that,

The described plane of incidence is formed by annular 2 end faces of C that are cut in the described LGP.

8. endoscope according to claim 4 is characterized in that,

Objective system forms direct-view shot object image with object lens at the border circular areas of the central authorities of the shooting face of the imaging apparatus that is disposed at described leading section via described direct-view, and this objective system forms side-looking shot object image with the roughly circle ring area of the described circular outside of object lens in the shooting face of described imaging apparatus in concentric mode via described side-looking.

9. endoscope according to claim 3 is characterized in that,

In described side-looking illuminating window, dispose from be disposed at described direct-view illuminating window in different annular the 2nd LGP of C of described LGP, described endoscope is provided with the 2nd smooth injection part, the 2nd smooth injection part penetrates light in the mode to the 2nd plane of incidence incident, and the described outer peripheral portion of line-of-sighting observation the lower side in the visual field in described the 2nd LGP of the 2nd plane of incidence cutting forms.

10. endoscope according to claim 9 is characterized in that,

Described the 2nd LGP has this annulus in the LGP of toroidal of regulation internal diameter and predetermined outside diameter by cutting a part forms described the 2nd plane of incidence, and has: be formed on the reflection of light face on the inner peripheral surface with described regulation internal diameter; Be formed on the optical transmission face on the outer peripheral face with described predetermined outside diameter; Carry out respectively the reflecting surface of scatter reflections to front surface and the back side; And to described outer peripheral face lateral reflection reflection of light face, the position of the upper side of the opposition side of the position of its described the 2nd plane of incidence in described the 2nd LGP is cut into wedge shape from described inner peripheral surface towards described outer peripheral face.

11. an endoscope-use illuminator, it penetrates the illumination light that incides this light conductor from the outside via photoconduction from the transparent light conductor that comprises toroidal, it is characterized in that,

Described light conductor has:

Annulus section, it is provided with cutting part, and this cutting part is to obtain in a part that links on the direction of 2 lines roughly vertical line separately of 2 prolongations of circle periphery the profile take the mode cutting section that do not cut off described toroidal as the roughly water droplet shape that respectively described 2 lines coupled together;

The incident section, it is arranged on the section after the cutting in the described cutting part, with the end contact of this photoconduction, so that from the vertical direction incident to this section of the illumination light of described photoconduction;

Reflecting part, it is configured in the side that is provided with at least described cutting part in the inner peripheral surface of described annulus section, incides the described illumination light of described light conductor to the internal reflection of described annulus section; And

Exit facet, it is arranged on an annulus surface in the described annulus section, penetrates the described illumination light of institute's incident.

12. endoscope-use illuminator according to claim 11 is characterized in that,

Described reflecting part comprises reflection part, and this reflection part has towards the face of described annulus section internal reflection from described annulus section inside to the described illumination light of inner peripheral surface incident.

13. endoscope-use illuminator according to claim 11 is characterized in that,

Described annulus section has the light diffusion part, and this light diffusion part is to respect to penetrating the described illumination light of institute's incident with the angled direction diffusion of direction tool of the annulus Surface Vertical of described annulus section.

14. endoscope-use illuminator according to claim 13 is characterized in that,

Described smooth diffusion part is arranged at least a portion of exit facet of described annulus section.

15. endoscope-use illuminator according to claim 13 is characterized in that,

Described smooth diffusion part comprises concavo-convex treated side, and this concavo-convex treated side is arranged in described annulus section on the surface of opposition side of exit facet of described toroidal.

16. endoscope-use illuminator according to claim 11 is characterized in that,

The rear side that described annulus section comprises the opposition side from described exit facet to this exit facet is the inner peripheral surface of the taper seat shape of taper expansion.

17. endoscope-use illuminator according to claim 11 is characterized in that,

The thickness of described annulus section is along with reducing away from the incident section of described illumination light.

18. endoscope-use illuminator according to claim 11 is characterized in that,

Described illumination light incides the described light conductor of the front end of the insertion section of being located at this endoscope via the photoconduction of the insertion section of being located at endoscope, described light conductor penetrates described illumination light from the front end of described insertion section.

19. endoscope-use illuminator according to claim 11 is characterized in that,

Be provided with 2 incident end faces at 2 described sections that formed by described cutting part, these 2 incident end faces form the described incident section of the illumination light incident that guides for described photoconduction, and the illumination light that described photoconduction guides incides described 2 incident end faces simultaneously.

20. endoscope-use illuminator according to claim 11 is characterized in that,

Outer peripheral face in described annulus section is provided with to the reflecting part of annulus section private side reflection from the illumination light of annulus section inside.

Images