CN103302292B - A kind of Laser Direct Deposition titanium alloy component process - Google Patents
A kind of Laser Direct Deposition titanium alloy component process Download PDFInfo
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- CN103302292B CN103302292B CN201210064294.5A CN201210064294A CN103302292B CN 103302292 B CN103302292 B CN 103302292B CN 201210064294 A CN201210064294 A CN 201210064294A CN 103302292 B CN103302292 B CN 103302292B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of process of Laser Direct Deposition titanium alloy component, relate to metal powder laser RP technique, this process mainly determines titanium alloy component basic technological parameters, proposes new laser beam scan path and laser forming inside parts defect control method; First tested by fundamental technology, determine the process parameters range of TA15 spherical powder, then the laser beam scan path adopting the present invention to propose and associated inner defect control method, be exactly adopt to optimize sweep span, working process parameter between conversion laser forming part different layers, forms processing to titanium alloy component; It is high that the part that the present invention is shaped has forming efficiency, and cost is low, and formation of parts internal soundness is good, the advantages such as automaticity is high, easy to operate.Adopt the present invention direct forming can provide the titanium alloy component of standby commercial Application level, provide the new way that a kind of titanium alloy structure part manufactures.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal powder laser RP technique, be specially a kind of process of Laser Direct Deposition titanium alloy component.
Background technology
Laser metal directly rapid prototyping technology is the advanced manufacturing technology that the synchronous coaxial feeding laser melting and coating technique of combination grows up on the rapid prototyping technology basis occurred the latter stage eighties.It relates to the key technology in the fields such as machinery, laser, CAD, computer-aided manufacturing, computer numerical control (CNC), material science.It breaches the limitation of traditional fast forming process and moulding material, is most study, the most rising new manufacture in all multi-methods of current Quick-forming.
And titanium alloy is because density is little, specific strength is high, high temperature performance is excellent, become the structural material that war industry is indispensable.In the U.S. four generation opportunity of combat F-22, titanium alloy structure part consumption has accounted for 41% of main body mechanism gross weight, China's new fighter titanium alloy structure part consumption also will reach more than 25%, and the height of titanium alloy structure part consumption has become one of important symbol weighing the defence equipment technical advances such as aircraft.Adopt forging to add the conventional arts such as machining and manufacture large titanium alloy structural member, not only need large-scale heavy equip forging industry equipment, and manufacturing process is various, complex process, part machinery allowance is very large.Stock utilization low (being generally less than 5 ~ 10%), the digital control processing time is long, manufacturing cost is high, seriously constrains the extensive use of large titanium alloy structural member in advanced industry and defence equipment.And the particular advantages of Laser Rapid Prototyping Technique, provide a new way for overcoming the above-mentioned manufacturing technology shortcoming of large titanium alloy structural member, titanium alloy Laser Rapid Prototyping Technique has practicality widely to advanced defence equipment R&D and production.
But in titanium alloy laser fast forming manufacture process, formation of parts often occurs that internal soundness is poor, be out of shape and problems of crack hinders the biggest obstacle of its expansive approach.And titanium alloy laser fast forming machine reason is undistinct to cause the most the underlying cause of these problems to be, lack practical titanium alloy laser fast forming technique, therefore, study a kind of processing technology adopting laser fast forming method direct forming to go out titanium alloy component, the technical barrier solving titanium alloy Laser Rapid Prototyping Technique has very important significance.
Summary of the invention
For in above-mentioned titanium alloy laser fast forming manufacture process, often occur that internal soundness is poor, distortion and problems of crack, the object of the invention is to provide that a kind of forming quality is good, stock utilization, shortening manufacturing cycle and reduce the Laser Direct Deposition titanium alloy component process of relevant manufacturing cost.
For realizing object of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is:
Determine titanium alloy component basic technological parameters, by the technological experiment on basis, adopt sized spherical titanium powder moulding material, determine the forming parameters scope of sized spherical titanium powder;
Propose new laser beam scan path, propose laser forming inside parts defect control method simultaneously, the method adopts optimizes sweep span, working process parameter between conversion laser forming part different layers;
According to working process parameter between the sweep span of new laser beam scan path, optimization and the conversion laser forming part different layers determined, numerical control programming is carried out to the whole process of titanium alloy component, control its whole process by computer again, realize disposable near-net-shape.
Determine titanium alloy component basic technological parameters, adopt orthogonal experiment method, obtain and comprise laser power, sweep speed, powder feeding rate, sweep span, each Process Parameters on Laser Quick-forming layer pattern of lift height and the affecting laws of size, and then determine the forming parameters scope of sized spherical titanium powder.
The forming parameters scope of determined sized spherical titanium powder: laser power is 1500 ~ 2200W, sweep speed is 1 ~ 7mm/s, powder feeding rate is 0.4 ~ 7g/min, sweep span is 1 ~ 2mm, lift height is 0.3 ~ 0.9mm.
Propose new laser beam scan path, be adopt filled type scan mode, namely during odd-level, first carry out the scanning of the outline of laser forming titanium alloy component, then carry out its inner filling; During even level, the inside of first carrying out laser forming titanium alloy component is filled, then carries out the scanning of its outline.
The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages:
(1) forming efficiency is high, and cost is low
The inventive method mainly determines titanium alloy component basic technological parameters, proposes new laser beam scan path and laser forming inside parts defect control method; Adopt the titanium alloy formation of parts that forming technology of the present invention processes, greatly can improve the stock utilization of titanium alloy component, shorten the manufacturing cycle and reduce relevant manufacturing cost; The processing cost that the traditional forging of elimination adds machining titanium alloy component is very high, manufacturing process is various, complex process, the defect that part machinery allowance is very large.
(2) formation of parts internal soundness is good
The present invention utilizes the laser forming inside parts defect control method of proposition, make the internal flaw of the titanium alloy component of shaping less, substantially internal soundness difference, distortion and problems of crack is solved, and the mechanical property test such as stretched, find that its relevant mechanical performance index has has met or exceeded the level of titanium alloy forging part.Found by the inside metallographic analyzing titanium alloy formation of parts, the interior tissue of formation of parts presents net shape, and crystalline form is the good equiaxed crystal of mechanical property, the titanium alloy component that the present invention is shaped has possessed the level of practical application in industry substantially.
(3) automaticity is high, easy to operate
The present invention adopt former be with 5000W carbon dioxide laser for core, be aided with dust feeder, vacuum protector and mobile device.Former integrated automation level is high, whole process can realize computer control.And the process that the present invention proposes, operating procedure is simple, is easy to realize.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is three kinds of traditional laser beam scan path schematic diagrames.
Fig. 2 is the photo in kind of the titanium alloy laser fast forming part existing defects of tradition processing.
Fig. 3 is Laser Direct Deposition titanium alloy component process method flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is laser beam scan path schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the photo in kind that the inside forming quality of formation of parts of the present invention improves.
Fig. 6 is titanium alloy laser fast forming part of the present invention photo in kind.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the solution of the present invention is described in further detail:
Example 1:
As shown in Figure 3, be Laser Direct Deposition titanium alloy component process method flow chart of the present invention.The present invention is a kind of process of Laser Direct Deposition titanium alloy component, comprises its processing step:
Determine titanium alloy component basic technological parameters, by the technological experiment on basis, adopt sized spherical titanium powder moulding material, determine the forming parameters scope of sized spherical titanium powder;
Propose new laser beam scan path, propose laser forming inside parts defect control method simultaneously, the method adopts optimizes sweep span, working process parameter between conversion laser forming part different layers;
According to working process parameter between the sweep span of new laser beam scan path, optimization and the conversion laser forming part different layers determined, numerical control programming is carried out to the whole process of titanium alloy component, control its whole process by computer again, realize disposable near-net-shape.
As shown in Figure 1, be traditional three kinds of laser beam scan path schematic diagrames.Laser Rapid Prototyping Technique has a variety of laser beam scan path, and what wherein commonly use the most is: the scanning of long limit, minor face scanning, interlacing.But by related process experimental verification, find that these the three kinds of traditional scan modes in Fig. 1 all also exist such or such defective workmanship, wherein modal defective workmanship is the phenomenon of formation of parts collapsing of the edges, and this has had a strong impact on laser fast forming crudy.
As shown in Figure 4, be laser beam scan path schematic diagram of the present invention.The present invention is directed to the phenomenon of formation of parts collapsing of the edges, propose a kind of new laser beam scan path, this scan mode adopts the scan mode of filled type, namely during odd-level, first carry out the scanning of the outline of laser forming titanium alloy component, then carry out its inner filling; During even level, first carry out it and inner to fill, then carry out the scanning of outline of laser forming titanium alloy component.Apply the problem that this kind of scan mode can solve formation of parts collapsing of the edges phenomenon well, obtain good forming quality.
The forming parameters scope of determined sized spherical titanium powder: laser power is 1500 ~ 2200W, sweep speed is 1 ~ 7mm/s, powder feeding rate is 0.4 ~ 7g/min, sweep span is 1 ~ 2mm, lift height is 0.3 ~ 0.9mm.
Optimize the technological experiment of titanium alloy basic technological parameters, adopt orthogonal experiment method, obtain and comprise laser power, sweep speed, powder feeding rate, sweep span, each Process Parameters on Laser Quick-forming layer pattern of lift height and the affecting laws of size, and then determine the process parameters range of concrete shaping of sized spherical titanium powder.
The shaping sized spherical titanium powder material that the present invention adopts is: TA15 sized spherical titanium powder, concrete composition is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 moulding material composition
| The trade mark | Specification | Al | Mo | V | Zr | Fe | Si | C | 0 | N | H |
| TA15 | 100+200 order | 6.4％ | 1.4％ | 1.5％ | 1.9％ | 0.12％ | 0.02％ | 0.02％ | 0.07％ | ＜0.01 | ＜0.001 |
The present invention by a large amount of fundamental technology experiment, determine sized spherical titanium powder TA15 spherical powder forming parameters scope, specifically as shown in table 2.
The forming parameters scope of table 2TA15 spherical powder
| Experiment parameter | Scope |
| Laser power | 1500～2200W |
| Sweep speed | 1～7mm/s |
| Powder feeding rate | 0.4～7g/min |
| Lift height | 0.3～0.9mm |
| Sweep span | 1～2mm |
As shown in Figure 2, be the photo in kind of the titanium alloy laser fast forming part existing defects of tradition processing.In the processing of titanium alloy laser fast forming, often there is pore, crackle and merge the internal flaws such as bad in formation of parts, for these defects, first the present invention analyzes these defect Producing reason, find temperature distributing disproportionation in forming process even and in shaping layer residual powder be the main cause affecting laser fast forming quality.
As shown in Figure 5, be the photo in kind of the inside forming quality improvement of formation of parts of the present invention.The measures such as the present invention adopts the laser beam scan path optimized sweep span, utilize proposition new, the working process parameter between conversion formation of parts different layers make the forming quality of laser fast forming part be greatly improved.
As shown in Figure 6, the pictorial diagram of formation of parts of the present invention.Adopt correlation technique corrective measure of the present invention, the present invention has been shaped three kinds of laser fast forming parts, and the crudy of formation of parts, interior tissue and relevant mechanical property all can reach the commercial Application level of titanium alloy forging part.
Illustrate below:
Blade is aero-engine one of core and crucial part the most, is described as " heart in heart ".Adopt the mode shaping blade of laser fast forming, have that part material utilization rate is high, the manufacturing cycle is short and the advantage such as relevant low cost of manufacture.The forming technology of the present invention to certain model blade is processed, and formation of parts is as shown in Fig. 6 (a).
The filled type scan mode that blade part adopts the present invention to propose, adopt related process parameters in the process parameters range of table 2, namely this embodiment employing technological parameter is: laser power 1900 ~ 2000W, sweep speed 5 ~ 6mm/s, powder feeding rate 1 ~ 3g/min, sweep span 1.1 ~ 1.5mm, lift height 0.6 ~ 0.8mm.In order to improve drip molding interior tissue, in the process of processing, by adopting the different sweep span optimized, changing the technological measures such as the working process parameter of its laser forming part interlayer, improve the quality of formation of parts.
The former that the present invention adopts is with 5000W carbon dioxide laser for core, carries out processing and forming by dust feeder, vacuum protector and mobile device to this part.Here numerical control programming is carried out to whole process, control whole process by computer, realize disposable near-net-shape.
Example 2:
The present invention has also carried out formed machining to connector conventional in space flight and aviation and angle box, and formation of parts is as shown in Fig. 6 (b) He Fig. 6 (c).The filled type scan mode that these two kinds of parts adopt the present invention to propose, form processing, the related process parameters adopted is in table 2 technological parameter, and namely this embodiment employing technological parameter is: laser power 2000 ~ 2100W, sweep speed 3 ~ 5mm/s, powder feeding rate 0.5 ~ 0.9g/min, sweep span 1.1 ~ 1.5mm, lift height 0.6 ~ 0.8mm.In order to improve the interior tissue of formation of parts, here by have employed the sweep span of optimization and changing the technological measures such as working process parameter mode between different layers, achieve good effect, other processing technology is same as described above.
Claims (1)
1. a process for Laser Direct Deposition titanium alloy component, is characterized in that: comprise its processing step:
Determine titanium alloy component basic technological parameters, by the technological experiment on basis, adopt sized spherical titanium powder moulding material, determine the forming parameters scope of sized spherical titanium powder;
Propose new laser beam scan path, propose laser forming inside parts defect control method simultaneously, this laser forming inside parts defect control method adopts optimizes sweep span, working process parameter between conversion laser forming part different layers;
According to working process parameter between the sweep span of new laser beam scan path, optimization and conversion laser forming part different layers, numerical control programming is carried out to the whole process of titanium alloy component, control its whole process by computer again, realize disposable near-net-shape; Wherein: determine titanium alloy component basic technological parameters, adopt orthogonal experiment method, obtain comprising laser power, sweep speed, powder feeding rate, sweep span, the Process Parameters on Laser Quick-forming layer pattern of lift height and the affecting laws of size, and then determine the forming parameters scope of sized spherical titanium powder; The forming parameters scope of determined sized spherical titanium powder: laser power is 1500 ~ 2200W, sweep speed is 1 ~ 7mm/s, powder feeding rate is 0.4 ~ 7g/min, sweep span is 1 ~ 2mm, lift height is 0.3 ~ 0.9mm;
Described new laser beam scan path refers to: adopt filled type scan mode, namely during odd-level, first carry out the scanning of the outline of laser forming titanium alloy component, then carries out its inner filling; During even level, the inside of first carrying out laser forming titanium alloy component is filled, then carries out the scanning of its outline.
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| US20170027624A1 (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2017-02-02 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Dmls orthopedic intramedullary device and method of manufacture |
| CN103962556A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-08-06 | 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 | Pure titanium powder forming method based on selected area laser melting technology |
| CN104084584B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2015-12-30 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | For the Laser Scanning of high temperature alloy structural member rapid shaping |
| CN104899345B (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2018-03-23 | 上海交通大学 | Method for determining complex-curved shape workpiece laser shot forming technological parameter |
| WO2016149196A2 (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-09-22 | Alcoa Inc. | Methods of producing wrought products with internal passages |
| CN105397086B (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-01-23 | 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 | A kind of titanium alloy hollow blade laser accurate manufacturing process |
| CN105689711B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-01-26 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of electromagnetic agitation auxiliary laser Quick-forming nickel-base alloy part |
| CN105665704A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-06-15 | 上海拓宝机电科技有限公司 | Metal laser selective melting method |
| CN106756649A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of continuous SiC fiber strengthens the laser gain material manufacture method of titanium matrix composite |
| CN107486522A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-19 | 国网湖北省电力公司检修公司 | Super extra high voltage line instrument laser formation method |
| CN111974998B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-04-12 | 飞而康快速制造科技有限责任公司 | Additive manufacturing method for titanium alloy thin-wall part |
| CN112548119A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-26 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for regulating and controlling selective laser melting forming titanium alloy process based on defect form |
| CN115740500B (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-10-24 | 上海祉元社企业管理合伙企业(有限合伙) | Method for manufacturing high-strength titanium alloy containing easily segregated elements through 3D printing |
| CN116079075A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-05-09 | 太原理工大学 | SLM additive manufacturing invar alloy method based on differential spatial energy strategy |
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