CN103293024A - Method and device for rapidly extracting saturation pore water from cement-based material - Google Patents
Method and device for rapidly extracting saturation pore water from cement-based material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103293024A CN103293024A CN2013101722000A CN201310172200A CN103293024A CN 103293024 A CN103293024 A CN 103293024A CN 2013101722000 A CN2013101722000 A CN 2013101722000A CN 201310172200 A CN201310172200 A CN 201310172200A CN 103293024 A CN103293024 A CN 103293024A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for rapidly extracting saturation pore water from a cement-based material. The method comprises the following steps of: smashing the cement-based material into particles, soaking the particles by water, placing in a vacuum apparatus and carrying out continuous vacuum pumping treatment for 12 hours to 16 hours, and stopping vacuum pumping treatment until no bubbles are generated; filtering the water on the surfaces of the particles, rapidly filling the filtered particles in a hole solution extractor, placing on a universal testing machine pressing plate, pressurizing, and then squeezing out the pore water in the particles. The device is composed of an outer cylinder (1), a pinhole filter screen (2), a macropore inner cylinder (3) and a force transferring cylinder (4). The solution extracted by the device provided by the invention is a pore solution under saturation state flowing out when the particles are squeezed, other substances are not introduced, and composition or concentration of the pore solution is also not changed, so that the actual situation of void water is truly reflected; the device has double filtering effects, the extracted void water does not contain broken particles or impurities, and test foundation is provided for relevant analysis of void water of cement-based materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of can make cement-based material fast suction approach saturated and extract the method for its pore water, the invention still further relates to the device of this method of realization.
Background technology
The moisture meeting of cement-based material causes that its physical and mechanical property changes, what of water cut are also different to effect of material performance, the test specimen that water cut is big, its physical and mechanical property degradation is big, in the laboratory, usually study cement-based material (mortar under its extreme saturation state-suction state of saturation, concrete etc.) thermal deformation, compressive strength, performance such as anti-freezing property and permanance decline degree, the common surface tension that needs to obtain pore water when analyzing its mechanism, effective alkali content, contact angle, chloride ion content or carry out the analysis of pore water composition, electro-chemical test etc.Extract saturated pore water and mainly comprise two steps: the first step is exactly that mortar is soaked saturated, and second step was exactly to extract saturated test specimen mesoporosity water.
Yet need a very long time because the suction of material is saturated, be example with the cement asphalt mortar, be of a size of the small specimen of Φ 5*10, in water naturally suction when saturated, usually need 30 days left and right sides time, for the big slightly test specimen of size, as Φ 12*100, test specimen was near saturated needs 60～70 days, even the longer time.Therefore carrying out the cement-based material saturated correlated performance research that absorbs water needs time span bigger, has delayed the flow of research of researchers to full water test specimen.If material in order to save time, adopts the lower test specimen of saturation degree to test, its test findings can not reflect the truth of material.Therefore how accelerating test specimen saturated is the key issue of the saturated pore water test of rapid extraction mortar.
At present the extracting method of concrete pore water mainly contains three kinds: take out liquid-solid extraction method (Newton C J for example, Sykes J M.The effect of saIt additions on the alkalinity of ca (OH)
2Solutions[J] .Cement and Concrete Composites, 1987,17 (6): 765.), original position liquid-solid extraction method (Sagu é s A A for example, Moreno EI, Andrade C.Evolution of pH during insitu leaching in smallconcretecavities[J] .Cement and Concrete Composites, 1997,1747) and high pressure extraction method (Berry E E 27 (11):, Hemmings R T, Comelius B J.Mechanisms of hydration reactions in high volume fly ash pastes and mortars[J] .Cement and concrete Composite, 1990,18 (2): 301).
Prior art is document (Wang Kun for example, Qu Wenjun, Zhang Junxi, Li Peihao. the reinforcing bar one mortar specimen chemical property after the carbonization more again alkalizes. Tongji University's journal [J], 2012,40 (7): 1058-1063) think the high pressure extraction method to the having relatively high expectations of equipment, original position liquid-solid extraction method spended time is long, and it is fairly simple feasible to take out the liquid-solid extraction method.
Taking out the liquid-solid extraction method is to sieve grinding after the fragmentation of grout test specimen, dries to constant weight to add deionized water, obtains solution with a vibration bottle filtration behind the frequency 24h of per minute 120 times, carries out tests such as pH value again.This solution is not to be present in hole, but the deionized water that imitation specimen concentration adds is prepared, and also has some to be fixed on alkali in hole or the product in this process, as calcium hydroxide, will be soluble in water, and make that the pH value of solution value is higher.So the pore water that this method obtains not is concentration and the composition of real pore water.Document (Wan Xiaomei is arranged, Zhao Tiejun. the conductivity of concrete powder immersion liquid and concrete perviousness. industrial building, 2005,35 (8): 82-88) show that adopt taking out the conductivity that the liquid-solid extraction method obtains has correlativity preferably with the conductivity of hole solution, it is feasible that the conductivity of utilizing the powder immersion liquid to test is revised the electrical measurement permeability results.Yet being applied to the pore water of mortar extraction, this method consequently do not need and how not revise do not have the scholar's research mistake in order to the electrical measurement perviousness, and the pore water that this method is extracted to other pore water indexs of cement-based materials such as mortar or concrete (as the pH value, surface tension, contact angle etc.) influence size and correction factor is not understood, therefore take out the pore water of liquid-solid extraction method preparation and must discuss in order to test its end values of test such as pH value, surface tension, contact angle.
The high pressure extraction method is that material is put into equipment and pore water pushed out under the pressing machine effect, the pore water that this method is extracted is real hole solution, but it is had relatively high expectations to extraction equipment, following document (Ye Mingxun at home, Lu Baoshan, permitted the warm young shoot of a reed etc. entringite forms by liquid phase in the low alkalinity cement slurry evidence [C] the 3rd series cement and concrete collection of thesis. Beijing: China Building Materials Academy, 1997:282-286) with (Zhang Jianbo, Zhang Wensheng, Wu Chunli, Ye Jiayuan. silicate and aluminium sulfate complex cement hole liquid phase PH valve change research. cement, 2011, (5): 1-4) reported Ye Mingxun, the pressure filter of design such as Lu Baoshan can be to the cement briquette liquid phase separation, pressure filter is by core rod, die body, O-ring seal, the chassis is formed, the chassis is provided with the drain passage, and Φ 100mm*60mm disk sample puts nylon cloth and is placed between O-ring seal and the chassis, and pressurization extrudes pore water by the drain passage flows out.The drawback of this equipment mainly contains following aspect: one, and the function of this equipment is too single, only is suitable at the cement stone sample less than Φ 100mm*60mm disk, because the less unsuitable moulding of size and test concrete sample; They are two years old, this equipment solution filtering function is relatively poor, only filter by nylon cloth, when pressure is big, or sample is when being graininess, and nylon cloth is crushed, after embedding cement stone, filter effect is just given a discount, and the solution that obtains has certain impurity, is not suitable for use in the extruding of particle test specimen based on this this equipment.In view of the problem of the full shipwreck of test specimen, during the extraction of full water mortar pore water, in order to reduce the suction saturation time, test specimen is broken into granule usually, so the extruding of the saturated pore water of mortar is not suitable for adopting this equipment.Therefore be badly in need of a kind of device of suitable extraction mortar particle pore water.
Summary of the invention
First technical matters to be solved by this invention provide a kind of can make cement-based material fast suction near saturated and extract the method for the saturated pore water of rapid extraction cement-based material of pore water free from foreign meter.
Second technical matters to be solved by this invention provides the device of a kind of energy rapid extraction pore water free from foreign meter.
In order to solve above-mentioned first technical matters, the method of the saturated pore water of rapid extraction cement-based material provided by the invention, with cement-based material pulverize for water behind the particle do not have particle place vacuum utensil continue 12 hours～16 hours vacuumize processing, until there being the bubble generation then not stop to vacuumize; The filter of gained particle surface water is done in the rapid load hole solution extraction apparatus in back, placed on the universal testing machine pressing plate, pressurization namely extrudes particle mesoporosity water.
Water did not vacuumize earlier before having particle after pulverizing mortar for particle.
The concrete steps of the method for the saturated pore water of rapid extraction cement-based material are as follows:
1. with cement-based material (sand-cement slurry or cement asphalt mortar) test specimen crushing, the broken particle of getting length and be 1～2cm is some;
The broken particle that cement-based material is done into 1cm～2cm is also to guarantee that the existence of pore water is in order to extract in order to be beneficial to the suction of mortar particle hole saturated the time;
2. ready particle is put into glass beaker or transparent vessel, put into the glass evacuated drying basin that connects vacuum pump then, vacuumized in continuous 22 hours～26 hours.
The purpose that vacuumizes is that the air in the pore channel and moisture are extracted out, reduces the resistance that moisture infiltrates, and that shortens moisture enters the hole time.
3. open glass evacuated drying basin after then, in beaker or transparent vessel, add tap water and do not have particle surface 2cm～3cm, stir with glass bar particle is fully contacted with water.This operates in 3 minutes～and finish in 5 minutes and be advisable.Shortening the running time is to have moisture to enter hole before vacuumizing in order to prevent.
4. cover glass evacuated drying basin rapidly, continue to vacuumize, see constantly having bubble to emerge in the water this moment, vacuumized incessantly in continuous 12 hours～16 hours, finds not have in the water bubble water surface of emerging can stop to vacuumize;
Vacuumizing continuously is for bubble in the hole was extracted out before moisture enters, and it can make moisture in the short time, under the effect of negative pressure and deadweight in the ostium crack.If this operation fails to carry out continuously, the saturation degree of pore water descends in the short time.
This moment the mortar particle to approach suction saturated, desirablely go out the mortar particle and carry out hole solution and extract.If the time allows, can allow particle in the vacuum drying ware, continue to soak 1-2 days, mortar particle saturation degree is bigger.
6. power transmission tube lower end in the macropore inner core of rapid load hole solution extraction apparatus after the filter of particle surface water being done, be placed on then on the universal testing machine pressing plate, opening universal testing machine loads power transmission tube pressing machine, damaged by pressure to be forced into particle under 2.0kN/s～3.0kN/s speed, and continue to unload after 5 minutes～10 minutes, particle mesoporosity water flows out by macropore inner core macropore under pressure, through the small holes filter screen, flow in the ring-shaped groove of urceolus, the outlet by urceolus connects flexible pipe and flows in the beaker.
In order to solve above-mentioned second technical matters, the device of the saturated pore water of realization rapid extraction cement-based material provided by the invention: by urceolus, the aperture filter screen, macropore inner core and power transmission tube are formed, urceolus is hollow cylinder, the upper end uncovered, the bottom is provided with stress surface and drainage trough, described drainage trough has water delivering orifice, the aperture filter screen is placed in the described urceolus and is on the described stress surface, in described aperture filter screen, be placed with the macropore inner core, described macropore inner core is provided with apopore in the bottom at least and is on the described stress surface, is placed with the power transmission tube and described power transmission tube is on the described stress surface in described macropore inner core.
Described urceolus and power transmission tube are made by cast iron or high strength steel.
The area of the described stress surface of described urceolus is greater than the area of described power transmission tube lower end.
The position of urceolus water delivering orifice is not higher than drainage trough.
The diameter of the described apopore on the described macropore inner core is greater than the bore dia of described aperture filter screen, and diameter is Φ 5～Φ 20, and there is Φ 3～Φ 5 in the hole of described aperture filter screen.
The device of the saturated pore water of above-mentioned rapid extraction cement-based material, its urceolus plays pressure-bearing effect and hole solution drainage.The aperture filter screen is in order in time hole solution to be got rid of when particle is pressed.The macropore inner core can stay crushed granule foreign, in order to avoid impurity is arranged in the hole solution.The power transmission tube evenly passes to the pressure of pressing machine on the particle.Apparatus of the present invention can extract the pore water of " truly ", no broken particle and impurity in the solution more convenient, more efficiently.
In sum, the invention solves long, the difficult difficult problem of extracting pore water free from foreign meter of saturated required time that absorbs water of cement-based material hardenite in the prior art, extract saturated pore water and can study the surface tension of pore water under the saturated-water phase, alkali content value, contact angle, chlorion and chemical constitution etc.Reflect more realistically in the hole solution since surfactant or additive mix and hydrated product to the influence of pore solution physical and chemical performance.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the solution that apparatus of the present invention are extracted is hole solution under the state of saturation of extruding particle outflow, do not introduce other material, also not changing hole solution forms or concentration, the truth that reflects pore water comparatively really, the twice filtration is arranged in the device, the pore water that extracts does not have broken particle and impurity, provides experimental basis for carrying out the relevant analysis of cement-based material pore water.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the outer tube structure synoptic diagram of this device.
Fig. 3 is the aperture filter structure synoptic diagram of this device.
Fig. 4 is the interior wound packages facade structures synoptic diagram of the macropore of this device.
Fig. 5 is the macropore inner core plan structure synoptic diagram of this device.
Fig. 6 is the power transmission barrel structure synoptic diagram of this device.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to originally being described further.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the structure of hole solution extraction apparatus is: urceolus 1 is hollow cylinder, the upper end uncovered, the bottom is provided with stress surface 5 and drainage trough 6, drainage trough 6 has water delivering orifice 7, the position of water delivering orifice 7 is not higher than drainage trough 6, aperture filter screen 2 is hollow cylinder, the upper end uncovered, there is location-plate at two ends, the bottom has Φ 3～Φ 5 holes, aperture filter screen 2 is placed in the urceolus 1 and is on the stress surface 5, be placed with macropore inner core 3 in aperture filter screen 2, macropore inner core 3 is provided with apopore 8 at least and is on the stress surface 5 in the bottom, and the diameter of the apopore 8 on the macropore inner core 3 is greater than the bore dia of aperture filter screen 2, diameter is Φ 5～Φ 20, be placed with power transmission tube 4 and power transmission tube 4 and be on the stress surface 5 in macropore inner core 3, the area of the stress surface 5 of urceolus 1 is greater than the area of power transmission tube 4 lower ends, and urceolus 1 and power transmission tube 4 are made by cast iron or high strength steel.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, urceolus 1 plays pressure-bearing effect and hole solution drainage.Aperture filter screen 2 is in order in time hole solution to be got rid of when particle is pressed.Macropore inner core 3 can stay crushed granule foreign, in order to avoid impurity is arranged in the hole solution.Power transmission tube 4 evenly passes to the pressure of pressing machine on the particle.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the invention provides the method for the saturated pore water of rapid extraction cement-based material, step is as follows:
1, with the crushing of cement-based material (sand-cement slurry or cement asphalt mortar) test specimen, it is some to get long broken particle for 1cm～2cm;
The broken particle that mortar material is done into 1cm～2cm is also to guarantee that the existence of pore water is in order to extract in order to be beneficial to the suction of mortar particle hole saturated the time;
2, ready mortar particle is put into glass beaker or transparent vessel, put into the glass evacuated drying basin that connects vacuum pump then, vacuumized in continuous 22 hours～26 hours;
The purpose that vacuumizes is that the air in the pore channel and moisture are extracted out, reduces the resistance that moisture infiltrates, and that shortens moisture enters the hole time;
3, open glass evacuated drying basin after 22 hours～26 hours, in beaker or transparent vessel, add tap water and do not have particle surface 2cm～3cm to get final product, with the glass bar stirring particle is fully contacted with water.This operates in 3 minutes～and finish in 5 minutes and be advisable.Shortening the running time is to have moisture to enter hole before vacuumizing in order to prevent.
4, cover glass evacuated drying basin rapidly, continue to vacuumize, see constantly having bubble to emerge in the water this moment, vacuumized incessantly in continuous 12 hours～16 hours, finds almost not have in the water bubble water surface of emerging can stop to vacuumize;
Vacuumizing continuously is for bubble in the hole was extracted out before moisture enters, and it can make moisture in the short time, under the effect of negative pressure and deadweight in the ostium crack.If this operation fails to carry out continuously, the saturation degree of pore water descends in the short time;
5, the approaching suction of mortar particle this moment is saturated, takes out the mortar particle and carries out the hole solution extraction.If the time allows, can allow particle in the vacuum drying ware, continue to soak 1 day～2 days or the longer time, mortar particle saturation degree is bigger;
6, the filter of particle surface water is done the macropore inner core 3 interior power transmission tube lower ends of load hole solution extraction apparatus rapidly, back, be placed on then on the universal testing machine pressing plate, opening universal testing machine loads power transmission tube 4 pressing machinees, damaged by pressure to be forced into particle under 2.0kN/s～3.0kN/s speed, and continue to unload after 5 minutes～10 minutes, particle mesoporosity water flows out by the apopore 8 of macropore inner core 3 under pressure, through small holes filter screen 2, flow in the drainage trough 6 of urceolus 1, the water delivering orifice 7 by urceolus 1 connects flexible pipes and flows in the beaker.
This method of the present invention can shorten the saturated time of material suction, and hole is absorbed water fast near saturated, and can extract the pore water of " truly ", no broken particle and impurity in the solution more convenient, more efficiently.
Claims (10)
1. the method for the saturated pore water of rapid extraction cement-based material, it is characterized in that: with cement-based material pulverize for water behind the particle do not have particle place vacuum utensil continue 12 hours～16 hours vacuumize processing, until there being the bubble generation then not stop to vacuumize; The filter of gained particle surface water is done in the rapid load hole solution extraction apparatus in back, placed on the universal testing machine pressing plate, pressurization namely extrudes particle mesoporosity water.
2. the method for the saturated pore water of rapid extraction cement-based material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: do not vacuumize earlier before the cement-based material pulverizing there is not particle for water behind the particle.
3. the method for the saturated pore water of rapid extraction cement-based material according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: step is as follows:
(1), with cement-based material test specimen crushing, it is some to get long particle for 1cm～2cm;
(2), particle is put into glass beaker or transparent vessel, put into the glass evacuated drying basin that connects vacuum pump then, vacuumized in continuous 22 hours～26 hours;
(3), open glass evacuated drying basin after vacuumizing, in beaker or transparent vessel, add tap water and do not have particle surface 2cm～3cm, stir with glass bar particle is fully contacted with water;
(4), then cover glass evacuated drying basin rapidly, continue to vacuumize, see constantly having bubble to emerge in the water this moment, vacuumized incessantly in continuous 24 hours～48 hours, do not have the bubble water surface of emerging namely to stop to vacuumize in the water;
(5), at this moment it is saturated that the cement-based material particle approaches suction, takes out particle and carry out the hole solution extraction;
(6), with power transmission tube lower end in the macropore inner core of the rapid load hole solution extraction apparatus in the dried back of particle surface water filter, be placed on then on the universal testing machine pressing plate, opening universal testing machine loads power transmission tube pressing machine, damaged by pressure to be forced into particle under 2.0kN/s～3.0kN/s speed, and continue to unload after 5 minutes～10 minutes, particle mesoporosity water flows out by macropore inner core macropore under pressure, through the small holes filter screen, flow in the ring-shaped groove of urceolus, the outlet by urceolus connects flexible pipe and flows in the beaker.
4. the method for the saturated pore water of rapid extraction cement-based material according to claim 3 is characterized in that: with the glass bar stirring particle and water are fully contacted in 3 minutes～5 minutes in the above-mentioned steps (3) and finish.
5. the method for the saturated pore water of rapid extraction cement-based material according to claim 3 is characterized in that: allow particle continue to soak 1 day～2 days in the vacuum drying ware in the above-mentioned steps (5).
6. realize the device of the method for the saturated pore water of the described rapid extraction cement-based material of claim 1, it is characterized in that: by urceolus (1), aperture filter screen (2), macropore inner core (3) and power transmission tube (4) are formed, described urceolus (1) is hollow cylinder, the upper end uncovered, the bottom is provided with stress surface (5) and drainage trough (6), described drainage trough (6) has water delivering orifice (7), aperture filter screen (2) is placed in the described urceolus (1) and is on the described stress surface (5), in described aperture filter screen (2), be placed with macropore inner core (3), described macropore inner core (3) is provided with apopore (8) at least and is on the described stress surface (5) in the bottom, be placed with power transmission tube (4) and described power transmission tube (4) is on the described stress surface (5) in described macropore inner core (3).
7. the device of the method for the saturated pore water of realization rapid extraction cement-based material according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described urceolus (1) and power transmission tube (4) are made by cast iron or high strength steel.
8. the device of the method for the saturated pore water of realization rapid extraction cement-based material according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the area of the described stress surface (5) of described urceolus (1) is greater than the area of described power transmission tube (4) lower end.
9. the device of the method for the saturated pore water of realization rapid extraction cement-based material according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the position of described water delivering orifice (7) is not higher than described drainage trough (6).
10. the device of the method for the saturated pore water of realization rapid extraction cement-based material according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the diameter of the described apopore (8) on the described macropore inner core (3) is greater than the bore dia of described aperture filter screen (2), diameter is Φ 5～Φ 20, and there is Φ 3～Φ 5 in the hole of described aperture filter screen (2).
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| CN105806659A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-07-27 | 青岛理工大学 | Device for obtaining pore solution in cement-based material and method for analyzing components of pore solution |
| CN106840796A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-13 | 东南大学 | A kind of low water binder ratio concrete liquid phase extraction element and method |
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| CN106840796A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-13 | 东南大学 | A kind of low water binder ratio concrete liquid phase extraction element and method |
| CN108507898A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-09-07 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | A method of measuring ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture component ratio using the saturation oil absorbency of raw material |
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Application publication date: 20130911 |