CN103290255A - Copper base alloy sliding bearing - Google Patents
Copper base alloy sliding bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN103290255A CN103290255A CN2013102712735A CN201310271273A CN103290255A CN 103290255 A CN103290255 A CN 103290255A CN 2013102712735 A CN2013102712735 A CN 2013102712735A CN 201310271273 A CN201310271273 A CN 201310271273A CN 103290255 A CN103290255 A CN 103290255A
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002663 nebulization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010107 reaction injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- WMOHXRDWCVHXGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [La].[Ce] Chemical compound [La].[Ce] WMOHXRDWCVHXGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001996 bearing alloy Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000611 Zinc aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000002874 Acne Vulgaris Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910017755 Cu-Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017927 Cu—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001340 Leaded brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001181 Manganese brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010000496 acne Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001540 jet deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010956 nickel silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a copper base alloy sliding bearing. The copper base alloy sliding bearing is obtained by adding lanthanum cerium misch metal in a copper base alloy raw material, preparing a bearing alloy body through spray deposition, preparing a coating material, and completing coating through a plasma spurt method. Compared with a traditional casting copper base alloy, the sliding bearing provided by the invention has the advantages that the wear-resisting property is obviously improved, the attrition rate is greatly reduced, and the corresponding coating has the good tribological property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of copper base alloy sliding surface bearing, relate in particular to a kind of sliding surface bearing composition and that have wearing layer that improves.
Background technology
Copper is human discovery and uses one of metal the earliest, is characterized in having very high conduction, heat conductivility and good plasticity, is only second to gold and silver and occupies the 3rd at these aspect of performances.Although its life-span is long, aspect metallurgy of copper, still make progress continuing.Fine copper has the face-centered cubic character, no allotropic transformation, and plasticity height and intensity is low should not directly be used as structured material, many raw materials as the preparation copper alloys.
The intensity of fine copper is not high, therefore will satisfy the requirement of structural part, must carry out the alloying of copper.The purpose of the alloying of copper mainly is in order to realize that solution strengthening, ageing strengthening and surplus strengthen mutually, thereby obtains high strength copper alloy.According to traditional sorting technique, usually by the in addition rough segmentation of red copper, brass, bronze, copper-nickel alloy four big series.Red copper is fine copper and adds a small amount of other element, be called brass with zinc as the copper alloy of main added elements, add elements such as Al, Fe, Si, Mn, Pb, Ni on the basis of binary brass and form special brass, be called aluminum brass, iron brass, silicon brass, manganese brass, leaded brass, nickel brass by adding the second main difference of adding element.Be not the bronze that is called of main added elements with zinc, can be divided into tinbronze, xantal, lead bronze, berylliumbronze etc. again by the difference of main added elements, they have the intensity higher than market brass, hardness, corrosion resistance and advantages of good casting.Be the copper-nickel alloy that is called of main added elements with nickel.Copper and copper alloy become one of important foundation material of modern industry with good heat transfer conductivity, high corrosion resisting property, advantages of good casting and mechanical property and suitable intensity, occupy critical role in national economy.Copper alloy is stranded and has the performance of high strength and high conductivity heat conduction and wear-and corrosion-resistant and become the indispensable metallic substance of modern industry.
Along with the development that modern science and technology are maked rapid progress, modern industry is to the demands for higher performance of copper alloy, as high precision, high-performance and all many-sides such as economical and practical.At present, the research of zinc-aluminum based alloy (ZA) is used and obtained gratifying achievement, and its superior mechanical property and good casting technique performance and machinability attract people's attention, and is disconnected in high-strength alloy side, and the trend that replaces copper alloy is gradually arranged.But this alloy is the same with any alloy series, part also comes with some shortcomings, wherein some is because the person's character of alloy determines, should not improve, as: easily produce gravity segregation, certain shrinkage porosite tendency is arranged, easily produce during sand mold casting and pull defective, thermal expansivity is bigger, aging potentially dangerous etc. is arranged, and the problem that the ZA alloy is used for the conducting plates material is poorly conductive, and the application of ZA alloy will mainly concentrate on oneself part of knowing of the wearing piece that regularly replaces and consumable accessory or some other length of service from now on.Thereby the ZA alloy still can not replace copper alloy fully in some aspects, over a period to come, still is necessary to develop the new copper alloy.
The copper based wear-resistant alloy is traditionally based on all kinds of bronze, brass, with they be processed into section bar or cast product is used.Plate, band, pipe, rod, wire rod good combination property as berylliumbronze, thermal conductivity is good, after the thermal treatment, intensity is even, wear resistant corrosion resistant, castibility is good, be suitable for making various wear parts and at a high speed, bearing, the lining of working under high pressure and the high temperature, but the public hazards that berylliumbronze is expensive because of it, beryllium is malicious and yield rate are low the production of this alloy and use are restricted.The BeO powder that berylliumbronze is emitted in operations such as melting, processing has very big harm to human body, and environmental protection equipment also will carry out investment.Titanium bronze also has good advantages such as wear resistance, and as snappiness, high strength, the various electronic components of high abrasion, small-sized precision gear and various bearing, but titanium metal is also comparatively expensive.The crystallization range of xantal is very little, good fluidity, and dense structure, but its linear shrinkage ratio is big, unreasonable if gating system arranges, can crack.
Because copper base alloy raising to intensity when keeping electric-conductivity heat-conductivity high has certain limit, and complex intensifying can be brought into play the synergy of matrix electric-conductivity heat-conductivity high and strengthening material simultaneously, has very big design freedom again.Therefore in recent ten years, developed countries such as U.S., day are very active to the development of this class material, and China's starting is then later relatively.Complex intensifying can obviously not reduce the conductivity of copper matrix, and can also improve room temperature and the high-temperature behavior of matrix.Its ultimate principle is: according to the requirement of material design performance, select for use suitable wild phase (one or more) to add matrix, when keeping the matrix highly conc, give full play to the strengthening effect of wild phase, make the conductivity of material and intensity reach good coupling.According to the form of wild phase, can be divided into the high-strength high conductivity heat-conducting copper-based composite material: granule reinforced copper base composite material and fiber reinforcement Cu-base composites.Particulate reinforced composite refers to generate the second phase particle that disperse distributes artificially or by certain technology original position in the copper matrix.The second phase particle has hindered the motion of dislocation, thereby has improved the intensity of material, as A1203/Cu matrix material, TiC/Cu matrix material.The fiber reinforcement Cu-base composites refers to the fiber that the adding rule oriented is arranged in the copper matrix artificially or the second phase fiber that generates directed proper alignment between homogeneous phase by certain technology original position, fiber increases the dislocation motion resistance, thereby metallic matrix is strengthened, as C/Cu, Fe/Cu original position deformed composite material.The compound sharp material of copper base also can be used for various friction conditions and the occasion of high strength and high conductivity heat conduction requirement is arranged, as the electrode brush etc.The shortcoming of Cu-base composites is exactly to need special equipment, because the wettability of fiber and copper matrix is relatively poor, thereby preparation technology's difficulty, cost is higher.
Usually the wearing and tearing of material are categorized as by wearing and tearing mechanism: 1. adhesive wear, 2. abrasive wear, 3. fatigue wear, 4. corrosive wear.
The adhesive wear of material lost efficacy and referred in friction process, produce in the state on friction pair material surface: given birth to the adhesion shearing effect, make inefficacy that friction material surface comes off or that cause to the transfer of antithesis surface, it is characterized in that sending out spread friction pair material by a surface to another surface or the migration of asking each other, adhesion node intensity is more high, it is more dark to shear the degree of depth, and it is more serious to wear and tear, until adhesion wear takes place.The possibility that the adhesive wear inefficacy takes place is relevant with the material of friction pair material.The easier generation adhesive wear of friction pair that the elastic-plastic material that chemical property is similar, mutual solubility is good (as metal of the same race) constitutes; Adhesive wear owing to do not form as yet at starting moment oil film, very likely takes place and lost efficacy in the heavy-duty machinery of some liquid hydrodynamic lubrications.Improve lubricatedly, especially adopt the solid lubricant that self-lubricating property is arranged. or to mate friction pair material again be prevention or the main path of avoiding adhesive wear to lose efficacy.
Abrasive wear lost efficacy refer to by extraneous grit or even part table and the friction table that in friction process, causes of hard protrusion thing and material is cut and is come off or inefficacy that viscous deformation causes; cause the wearing and tearing of component failure to come from abrasive particle to the plow effect on friction pair material surface and the crimp of kniting the brows property, exist the hard abrasive well to produce tangible abrasive particle at friction surface and scratch the prerequisite that vestige is the judgement abrasive wear.The wear out failure of this form extensively is present in the more abominable mechanical means of all kinds of envrionment conditionss, sometimes be not be owing to the design on reason, having certain sporadicly, is to reduce the main path that sporadic abrasive wear lost efficacy by the maintenance of strengthening equipment and lubricating management.
Fatigue wear lost efficacy and to refer to surface of friction pair under the contact stress effect of circulation change, because fatigue of materials is peeled off and formed pit and cause inefficacy.In general, even under good lubricating condition, the fatigue wear of surface of friction pair lost efficacy still inevitable, but showed as the surface fatigue wearing and tearing of non-extendability mostly.The surface fatigue wearing and tearing that the fatigue wear of parts lost efficacy and mainly comes from extendability, its process comprises because the effect (containing rolling resistance) of periodically variable normal load and tangent direction friction power, at friction pair subsurface stress raiser germinating tiny crack, crack propagation forms wearing and tearing to the surface.It is characterized in that existing at friction surface the pit of acne spot shape.The wearing and tearing of this form and load character and mode of motion have substantial connection.Impurity in the friction pair material, hole, dislocation and internal stress etc. owing to destroyed the continuity of matrix, under the effect of pulsating stress, form stress raiser, are easy to generate fatigue cracking and cause wearing and tearing.
Corrosive wear was lost efficacy and was referred in friction process, chemistry or electrochemistry watt effect have mutually taken place with surrounding medium in friction pair material, this effect aggravation, the wear process of material and the inefficacy that causes, it is characterized in that chemical corrosion and mechanical wear exist simultaneously and promotion mutually, depositing corrosive medium between the friction pair is the prerequisite that corrosive wear was lost efficacy, and the abrasive dust of formation should be the product of friction pair material and medium chemical action.
At present, the formation of bearing high-abrasive material tissue mainly is distributed on the hard matrix by soft disperse phase, improve the wear resisting property of material, must improve particle size and the distribution of disperse phase, improve the performance of matrix simultaneously, existing alloy also exists organizes not enough refinement, the shortcoming that matrix strength is lower, the work-ing life of having limited oil engine centre bearer material.The Working environment of bearing also requires the more excellent coating of wear resisting property simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of copper base alloy sliding surface bearing.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a kind of copper base alloy sliding surface bearing, it is characterized in that it comprises alloy body and wear-resistant coating, and its interalloy body is made up of following components in weight percentage:
Copper 76 ~ 83 wt%
Rare earth metal 0.6 ~ 1.9 wt%
Tin 5.5 ~ 7.8 wt%
Silver 0.1 ~ 2.3 wt%
Surplus is plumbous;
Wherein, the weight percent of described rare earth metal consists of:
Cerium 46 ~ 49 wt%
Lanthanum 17 ~ 31 wt%
Praseodymium 4 ~ 7 wt%
Neodymium 11 ~ 18 wt%
Surplus is other rare earth element;
The following components in weight percentage of wear-resistant coating is formed:
TiO
2 25~55wt.%
NiCrBSiFe 9~27wt.%
Cr
2O
3 20~38wt.%
Sn 2~3 wt%
C-Ni 10 ~ 15wt.%, wherein the Ni weight content is 60 ~ 75%
The preparation method of above-mentioned sliding surface bearing may further comprise the steps:
A, preparation bearing metal body
(1) said ratio according to the alloy body takes by weighing each feed composition;
(2) outside the preceding copper removal of melting, other object that need put into body of heater all toasts about 1 hour to prevent bringing steam at fusion process at 200 ℃ of baking ovens;
(3) baking expects to finish electrolytic copper, tin and lead are put into medium-frequency induction furnace, earlier with small power heating 3 ~ 5 minutes, add then and high-powerly add silver and rare earth metal again after making above-mentioned raw materials fusing, melting 20 ~ 30min under 1150 ~ 1250 ℃ temperature then, fusion process stirs 3 ~ 5 times, mixes to reach fully;
(4) adopt the reaction-injection moulding device, after above-mentioned alloy was melted again, carry out the supersonic airstream spray deposition process of alloy with ultrasonic nebulization jet nozzle: atomizing gas was nitrogen, gas flow 650L/min; The distance of spray deposition is 40cm, and spray deposition finishes to make the copper based wear-resistant alloy;
(5) make the bearing metal body through machining as requested;
B, preparation wear-resistant coating
(6) said ratio according to wear-resistant coating takes by weighing each feed composition;
(7) the said components powder is carried out mechanically mixing, the powder mixing machine time was not less than 30 minutes;
(8) sandblasting is carried out on the surface of bearing metal body;
(9) powder after the above-mentioned mechanically mixing is sprayed as feeding, form the high temperature and high speed plasma jet by plasma gun, select Ar airshed 15L/min, H
2Airshed 5L/min, electric current 600A, spray power is about 39Kw, spray distance 100mm, after powder feeding rate 10g/min powder feeding air-flow promotion mixed powder entered plasma jet, mixed powder was heated to fusion or semi-melting state rapidly, and is accelerated by plasma jet, the spraying particle bundle of matrix surface is flown in formation, and particle beam strikes through matrix surface; Each spraying pitch time is 10min at least, and each coating thickness is not higher than 20 μ m, treats that the matrix surface temperature is lower than 200 ℃ and sprays next time again;
(10) spray the coating that finally obtains about 50 μ m repeatedly, make sliding surface bearing at last.
Technique effect of the present invention and advantage are: at first, the invention provides high-performance copper based wear-resistant alloy body, this alloy is owing to added rare earth metals such as cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, and after having adopted this preparation technology's preparation of jet deposition, its matrix strength, hardness and self lubricity further improve, be significantly improved at wear resisting property thereby compare traditional casting copper base alloy, wear rate then significantly reduces; And used an amount of silver in the alloy material, not only improved the corrosion resistance of alloy, and reduced the size of Cu-Sn phase in the alloy, improved the shear strength of alloy.Secondly, coated material of the present invention has comprised ceramic matrix TiO
2, less and the Cr with extreme hardness, wear resistance of particle
2O
3As enhanced granule, can improve the self-fluxing alloy NiCrBSiFe of bonding strength between the matrix material, toughness, have the lubricant C-Ni of good solid lubrication effect, can significantly improve abrasion property, cohesive strength, splitting resistance, and reduce the frictional coefficient of coating effectively.
Embodiment
For technique means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A, preparation bearing metal body
(1) take by weighing each feed composition of alloy body according to following proportioning,
Copper 76 wt%
Rare earth metal 0.6 wt%
Tin 7.8 wt%
Silver 2.3 wt%
Surplus is plumbous;
Wherein, the weight percent of described rare earth metal consists of:
Cerium 46 wt%
Lanthanum 17 wt%
Praseodymium 4 wt%
Neodymium 18 wt%
Surplus is other rare earth element;
(2) outside the preceding copper removal of melting, other object that need put into body of heater all toasts about 1 hour to prevent bringing steam at fusion process at 200 ℃ of baking ovens;
(3) baking expects to finish electrolytic copper, tin and lead are put into medium-frequency induction furnace, earlier with small power heating 3 minutes, add then and high-powerly add silver and rare earth metal again after making the above-mentioned raw materials fusing, then melting 30min under 1150 ℃ temperature, fusion process stirs 5 times, mixes to reach fully;
(4) adopt the reaction-injection moulding device, after above-mentioned alloy was melted again, carry out the supersonic airstream spray deposition process of alloy with ultrasonic nebulization jet nozzle: atomizing gas was nitrogen, gas flow 650L/min; The distance of spray deposition is 40cm, and spray deposition finishes to make the copper based wear-resistant alloy;
(5) make the bearing metal body through machining as requested;
B, preparation wear-resistant coating
(6) take by weighing each feed composition of wear-resistant coating according to following proportioning;
TiO
2 25 wt.%
NiCrBSiFe 9 wt.%
Cr
2O
3 20 wt.%
Sn 2 wt.%
C-Ni 15 wt.%, wherein the Ni weight content is 60%
(7) the said components powder is carried out mechanically mixing, the powder mixing machine time was not less than 30 minutes;
(8) sandblasting is carried out on the surface of bearing metal body;
(9) powder after the above-mentioned mechanically mixing is sprayed as feeding, form the high temperature and high speed plasma jet by plasma gun, select Ar airshed 15L/min, H
2Airshed 5L/min, electric current 600A, spray power is about 39Kw, spray distance 100mm, after powder feeding rate 10g/min powder feeding air-flow promotion mixed powder entered plasma jet, mixed powder was heated to fusion or semi-melting state rapidly, and is accelerated by plasma jet, the spraying particle bundle of matrix surface is flown in formation, and particle beam strikes through matrix surface; Each spraying pitch time is 10min at least, and each coating thickness is not higher than 20 μ m, treats that the matrix surface temperature is lower than 200 ℃ and sprays next time again;
(10) spray the coating that finally obtains about 50 μ m repeatedly, make sliding surface bearing at last.
Embodiment 2
A, preparation bearing metal body
(1) take by weighing each feed composition of alloy body according to following proportioning,
Copper 79 wt%
Rare earth metal 1.2 wt%
Tin 6.3 wt%
Silver 1.7 wt%
Surplus is plumbous;
Wherein, the weight percent of described rare earth metal consists of:
Cerium 47 wt%
Lanthanum 21 wt%
Praseodymium 5 wt%
Neodymium 15 wt%
Surplus is other rare earth element;
(2) outside the preceding copper removal of melting, other object that need put into body of heater all toasts about 1 hour to prevent bringing steam at fusion process at 200 ℃ of baking ovens;
(3) baking expects to finish electrolytic copper, tin and lead are put into medium-frequency induction furnace, earlier with small power heating 4 minutes, add then and high-powerly add silver and rare earth metal again after making the above-mentioned raw materials fusing, then melting 25min under 1200 ℃ temperature, fusion process stirs 4 times, mixes to reach fully;
(4) adopt the reaction-injection moulding device, after above-mentioned alloy was melted again, carry out the supersonic airstream spray deposition process of alloy with ultrasonic nebulization jet nozzle: atomizing gas was nitrogen, gas flow 650L/min; The distance of spray deposition is 40cm, and spray deposition finishes to make the copper based wear-resistant alloy;
(5) make the bearing metal body through machining as requested;
B, preparation wear-resistant coating
(6) take by weighing each feed composition of wear-resistant coating according to following proportioning;
TiO
2 35 wt.%
NiCrBSiFe 13 wt.%
Cr
2O
3 25 wt.%
Sn 2.4 wt%
C-Ni 13 wt.%, wherein the Ni weight content is 69%
(7) the said components powder is carried out mechanically mixing, the powder mixing machine time was not less than 30 minutes;
(8) sandblasting is carried out on the surface of bearing metal body;
(9) powder after the above-mentioned mechanically mixing is sprayed as feeding, form the high temperature and high speed plasma jet by plasma gun, select Ar airshed 15L/min, H
2Airshed 5L/min, electric current 600A, spray power is about 39Kw, spray distance 100mm, after powder feeding rate 10g/min powder feeding air-flow promotion mixed powder entered plasma jet, mixed powder was heated to fusion or semi-melting state rapidly, and is accelerated by plasma jet, the spraying particle bundle of matrix surface is flown in formation, and particle beam strikes through matrix surface; Each spraying pitch time is 10min at least, and each coating thickness is not higher than 20 μ m, treats that the matrix surface temperature is lower than 200 ℃ and sprays next time again;
(10) spray the coating that finally obtains about 50 μ m repeatedly, make sliding surface bearing at last.
Embodiment 3
A, preparation bearing metal body
(1) take by weighing each feed composition of alloy body according to following proportioning,
Copper 83 wt%
Rare earth metal 1.9 wt%
Tin 5.5 wt%
Silver 0.1 wt%
Surplus is plumbous;
Wherein, the weight percent of described rare earth metal consists of:
Cerium 49 wt%
Lanthanum 31 wt%
Praseodymium 7 wt%
Neodymium 11 wt%
Surplus is other rare earth element;
(2) outside the preceding copper removal of melting, other object that need put into body of heater all toasts about 1 hour to prevent bringing steam at fusion process at 200 ℃ of baking ovens;
(3) baking expects to finish electrolytic copper, tin and lead are put into medium-frequency induction furnace, earlier with small power heating 5 minutes, add then and high-powerly add silver and rare earth metal again after making above-mentioned raw materials fusing, melting 20min under 1250 ℃ temperature then, fusion process stirs 3 ~ 5 times, mixes to reach fully;
(4) adopt the reaction-injection moulding device, after above-mentioned alloy was melted again, carry out the supersonic airstream spray deposition process of alloy with ultrasonic nebulization jet nozzle: atomizing gas was nitrogen, gas flow 650L/min; The distance of spray deposition is 40cm, and spray deposition finishes to make the copper based wear-resistant alloy;
(5) make the bearing metal body through machining as requested;
B, preparation wear-resistant coating
(6) take by weighing each feed composition of wear-resistant coating according to following proportioning;
TiO
2 55 wt.%
NiCrBSiFe 9 wt.%
Cr
2O
3 38 wt.%
Sn 3 wt.%
C-Ni 10 wt.%, wherein the Ni weight content is 75%
(7) the said components powder is carried out mechanically mixing, the powder mixing machine time was not less than 30 minutes;
(8) sandblasting is carried out on the surface of bearing metal body;
(9) powder after the above-mentioned mechanically mixing is sprayed as feeding, form the high temperature and high speed plasma jet by plasma gun, select Ar airshed 15L/min, H
2Airshed 5L/min, electric current 600A, spray power is about 39Kw, spray distance 100mm, after powder feeding rate 10g/min powder feeding air-flow promotion mixed powder entered plasma jet, mixed powder was heated to fusion or semi-melting state rapidly, and is accelerated by plasma jet, the spraying particle bundle of matrix surface is flown in formation, and particle beam strikes through matrix surface; Each spraying pitch time is 10min at least, and each coating thickness is not higher than 20 μ m, treats that the matrix surface temperature is lower than 200 ℃ and sprays next time again;
(10) spray the coating that finally obtains about 50 μ m repeatedly, make sliding surface bearing at last.
Above-mentioned a plurality of embodiment are tested, and the present invention makes the dry friction and wear rate of bearing shell body less than 15 * 10
-12m
3/ m, the coating average microhardness reaches 658Mpa.
Above-mentioned example only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics, and its purpose is to allow the people who is familiar with this technology can understand content of the present invention and enforcement according to this, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.All equivalent transformations that spirit is done according to the present invention or modification all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a copper base alloy sliding surface bearing is characterized in that, described sliding surface bearing comprises alloy body and wear-resistant coating, and its interalloy body is made up of following components in weight percentage:
Copper 76 ~ 83 wt%
Rare earth metal 0.6 ~ 1.9 wt%
Tin 5.5 ~ 7.8 wt%
Silver 0.1 ~ 2.3 wt%
Surplus is plumbous;
Wherein, the weight percent of described rare earth metal consists of:
Cerium 46 ~ 49 wt%
Lanthanum 17 ~ 31 wt%
Praseodymium 4 ~ 7 wt%
Neodymium 11 ~ 18 wt%
Surplus is other rare earth element;
The following components in weight percentage of wear-resistant coating is formed:
TiO
2 25~55wt.%
NiCrBSiFe 9~27wt.%
Cr
2O
3 20~38wt.%
Sn 2~3 wt%
C-Ni 10 ~ 15wt.%, wherein the Ni weight content is 60 ~ 75%.
2, a kind of copper base alloy sliding surface bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that described sliding surface bearing makes by following steps:
A, preparation bearing metal body
(1) take by weighing each feed composition of alloy body according to said ratio,
(2) outside the preceding copper removal of melting, other object that need put into body of heater all toasts about 1 hour to prevent bringing steam at fusion process at 200 ℃ of baking ovens;
(3) baking expects to finish electrolytic copper, tin and lead are put into medium-frequency induction furnace, earlier with small power heating 3 ~ 5 minutes, add then and high-powerly add silver and rare earth metal again after making above-mentioned raw materials fusing, melting 20 ~ 30min under 1150 ~ 1250 ℃ temperature then, fusion process stirs 3 ~ 5 times, mixes to reach fully;
(4) adopt the reaction-injection moulding device, after above-mentioned alloy was melted again, carry out the supersonic airstream spray deposition process of alloy with ultrasonic nebulization jet nozzle: atomizing gas was nitrogen, gas flow 650L/min; The distance of spray deposition is 40cm, and spray deposition finishes to make the copper based wear-resistant alloy;
(5) make the bearing metal body through machining as requested;
B, preparation wear-resistant coating
(6) take by weighing each feed composition of wear-resistant coating according to said ratio;
(7) the said components powder is carried out mechanically mixing, the powder mixing machine time was not less than 30 minutes;
(8) sandblasting is carried out on the surface of bearing metal body;
(9) powder after the above-mentioned mechanically mixing is sprayed as feeding, form the high temperature and high speed plasma jet by plasma gun, select Ar airshed 15L/min, H
2Airshed 5L/min, electric current 600A, spray power is about 39Kw, spray distance 100mm, after powder feeding rate 10g/min powder feeding air-flow promotion mixed powder entered plasma jet, mixed powder was heated to fusion or semi-melting state rapidly, and is accelerated by plasma jet, the spraying particle bundle of matrix surface is flown in formation, and particle beam strikes through matrix surface; Each spraying pitch time is 10min at least, and each coating thickness is not higher than 20 μ m, treats that the matrix surface temperature is lower than 200 ℃ and sprays next time again;
(10) spray the coating that finally obtains about 50 μ m repeatedly, make sliding surface bearing at last.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107858551A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-03-30 | 江苏科技大学 | Wear-resisting nontoxic copper alloy of resistance welding electrode high-strength highly-conductive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107858551A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-03-30 | 江苏科技大学 | Wear-resisting nontoxic copper alloy of resistance welding electrode high-strength highly-conductive and preparation method thereof |
| CN107858551B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2020-03-31 | 江苏科技大学 | High-strength high-conductivity wear-resistant nontoxic copper alloy for resistance welding electrode and preparation method thereof |
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