CN103295100A - Project management progress arranging method and project management progress arranging system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a project management progress arranging method and a project management progress arranging system which aim at re-optimizing a progress plan to enable resource allocation of a project to be optimal at any time. The project management progress arranging method includes the following steps: (1), generating a project quantity list, namely decomposing a building information model into work packages, reading material information in the work packages and creating the project quantity list according to defined project quantity calculating rules; (2), generating a progress plan, namely calculating labor time and forming the progress plan on the basis of the project quantity list and according to constraint conditions like a logical relationship between labor quotas and processes and total resources; (3), optimizing the progress plan, namely optimizing the progress plan within a reasonable time limit and based on a PSO (particle swarm optimization) algorithm to obtain an optimal progress schedule meeting requirements of optimization of resource allocation.

Description

Project management progress method of combination and system

Technical field

The invention belongs to the engineering management information technique field, particularly project management progress method of combination and system.

Background technology

Along with the raising of the project management level of IT application and applying of project management system, modern Project Management demonstrates extremely strong vitality day by day.Making rapid progress of state-of-art, business environment fast changing, make the corporate operation business possess the characteristic of project day by day, modern Project Management is as a kind of new management mode of enterprise, embodying impayable advantage aspect managing risk and time, the item diversified demand.

Time management is as a key content in the project management, and its purpose is to guarantee finished item, reasonable distribution resource, performance optimum working efficiency on time.Finally finish in order to ensure project on time, need define ordering to concrete activity, the time is estimated, the task layout, and deployment of human resources etc., effectively the time management meeting significantly promotes work efficiency, reduces the task cost.The time management method of using always in the project construction process is simple at present, limitation is big, accuracy is low etc., especially aspect quantities calculating, most of project management software all is artificial input material table, perhaps generate material list automatically according to two-dimentional drawing, workload is big, loaded down with trivial details, time-consuming, visual low, has directly influenced the layout speed of task scheduling.How directly from BIM efficiently and accurately read material information and generate bill of quantities, again according to the work norm information automatic editing task scheduling of bill of quantities and management show more and more important.

In addition, most of project management system lacks the technology of plan being carried out suboptimization again, how according to certain condition reasonable optimizing is carried out in plan, and it is unbalanced to avoid resource to use, and is frequent, and the appearance of serious peak or low ebb phenomenon is also particularly outstanding.Existing some optimization methods and technology, inefficiency, practicality are not high, restrictive condition is strong, are difficult to layout is carried out in the plan of some complexity.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of project management progress method of combination and system, schedule is optimized again, make the project resource distribution optimum of when phase in office.

Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that

A kind of project management progress method of combination may further comprise the steps:

Step 1: generate bill of quantities: BIM is resolved into saddlebag, read the material information in the saddlebag, according to the quantities computation rule of definition, set up bill of quantities;

Step 2: generate schedule: based on the bill of quantities table that step 1 obtains, calculate working time according to constraint conditions such as the logical relation between work norm, the operation, total resources, set up schedule;

Step 3: optimize schedule: in the rational time limit, based on the PSO algorithm schedule is optimized, obtains meeting the best schedule diagram of most optimum distribution of resources.

Preferably, in the project management progress method of combination, step 1 generates bill of quantities and comprises following steps:

Step 11: on the basis of project construction BIM, according to quantities subitem rule BIM is split as saddlebag;

Step 12: extract the material information of saddlebag, material comprises: door, window, lead, light fixture, place etc., and material information containing type, component names, absolute altitude, width, height etc. are set up material database according to material information;

Step 13: generate bill of quantities, the material database so that step 12 is set up according to the quantities computation rule of definition, generates bill of quantities; Wherein, the quantities computation rule has comprised the definition to Material Takeoff unit, statistic algorithm and materials classification.

Preferably, project management progress method of combination, step 2 generates schedule and comprises following steps:

Step 21: initialization resource distribution: according to user's technical routine construction period and milestone plan, the resources such as input quantity of the manpower that each quantities subitem is dropped into, machinery, resource are carried out initial configuration;

Step 22: calculate and respectively itemize the duration: based on the bill of quantities table, the corresponding work norm of computational engineering amount subitem is chosen the corresponding regular standard of each subitem according to subitem, calculates the duration size of each quantities subitem;

Step 23: generate network planning figure, dispose the dependence of each quantities subitem, with each quantities with duration of each quantities subitem as weight, generate single code name network planning figure; For the project under construction that is provided with the milestone node, be the beginning summit of network planning figure with the project initiation, be the end vertex of network planning figure with the milestone, network planning figure is split into a plurality of sub-network planning charts;

Step 24: the critical path of calculating chart, the network planning figure of the project construction that obtains based on step 23, the activity that can walk abreast in the project construction is merged, the longest path of choosing then from the beginning summit to end vertex is critical path, and the length of this critical path is the duration length of project construction; The activity on the critical path chosen is as critical activity;

Step 25: judge whether the project duration satisfy construction period, judge whether the project duration satisfy construction period, if satisfy construction period, then obtained satisfactory project construction schedule; If do not satisfy construction period, the resource that then progressively increases critical activity drops into, and shortens the project construction duration to reach requirement;

Step 26: judge whether to reach the resource restriction, travel through each critical activity on each bar critical path at first one by one, find out the activity that does not also reach the restriction of resource input, in the activity that these satisfy condition, select to drop into that the highest activity of Energy Efficiency Ratio, as the goal activities of optimizing; If all activities on the critical path have all reached the restrictive condition of resource, show that then project can't finish on schedule, progress layout failure;

Step 27: increase resource and drop into, obtain the goal activities that to optimize by step 26, input unit's resource, shorten the duration of goal activities, and then jump to step 22, regenerate network planning figure, calculate critical path and carry out comparative analysis, till critical path depth both project duration meets the demands.

Preferably, project management progress method of combination, step 3 is optimized schedule and be may further comprise the steps:

Step 31: determine the resource optimization target, fix by supposing the duration, be no more than under the prerequisite of duration, utilize the variance minimum principle that resource distribution is optimized, reach resource allocation equalization;

Step 32: set up and optimize model, set up mathematical model according to the variance minimum principle, the mathematical model formula is as follows:

$\min I=\frac{1}{T}{\∫}_0^T{[R\left(t\right)-R_m]}^2\mathrm{dt}=\frac{1}{T}{\∫}_0^T{R\left(t\right)}^2\mathrm{dt}-R_m^2$

$R\left(t\right)=\underset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{R}_i\left(t\right),i=\mathrm{1,2},\·\·\·,N$

Wherein, T is the date of engineering discipline, and R (t) is the engineering t resource consumption intensity of all process steps constantly, R _mFor the engineering average resource consumes intensity, R _i(t) sign operation i is in t resource consumption intensity constantly, and N is the sum of operation;

Step 33: use PSO particle swarm optimization model, the project process scheduled resource is optimized, obtain meeting the best schedule diagram of most optimum distribution of resources.

Preferred again, optimize in the schedule R of step 32 _i(t) should satisfy following constraint:

$R_i\left(t\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{c}{r}_i,T_s\left(i\right)\≤t\≤T_s\left(i\right)+T\left(i\right)\\ 0,t\≤T_s\left(i\right)\mathrm{ort}\≥T_s\left(i\right)+T\left(i\right)\end{array}\right.$

max(T _s(k),T _P(i))≤T _s(i)≤T _L(i)

Wherein, T _s(i) the actual start time of expression operation i, the duration of T (i) expression operation i, operation k is the tight preceding operation of operation i, T _P(i) earliest start time of expression operation i, T _L(i) Late Start of expression operation i.

A kind of project process arranging system comprises the following assembly that connects successively:

Bill of quantities generating apparatus: BIM is resolved into saddlebag, read the material information in the saddlebag, according to the quantities computation rule of definition, set up bill of quantities;

Schedule generating apparatus: based on the bill of quantities table that step 1 obtains, calculate working time according to constraint conditions such as the logical relation between work norm, the operation, total resources, set up schedule;

Schedule Optimization device: based on the PSO algorithm schedule is optimized, obtains meeting the best schedule diagram of most optimum distribution of resources.

By the above-mentioned description of this invention as can be known, compare with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:

The present invention is split as saddlebag according to quantities subitem rule with BIM, the material information in the extraction model, and calculate the quantities of each quantities subitem according to quantities kinds of construction amount computation rule; Adopt the Network Program Method computational item duration, according to project process arrangement and the restriction of milestone node, consideration standard work norm and project manpower, resources supplIes restriction, progressively generate the human resources planning of each quantities subitem of project, on the basis of saddlebag association, generation project construction speed network planning figure, the desirable duration of identifying project; Utilize the PSO algorithm model further to optimize the construction plan scheme of project, when having overcome the legacy network planning optimization, resource is used unbalanced, frequently, serious peak or low ebb phenomenon, this method has improved the speed of layout, save executive cost to greatest extent, realize distributing rationally of resource.

Description of drawings

In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of generation bill of quantities of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of generation schedule of the present invention.

The process flow diagram that Fig. 4 is optimized schedule for PSO algorithm of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.

With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of project process arranging system comprises the following assembly that connects successively:

Bill of quantities generating apparatus: BIM is resolved into saddlebag, read the material information in the saddlebag, according to the quantities computation rule of definition, set up bill of quantities;

Schedule generating apparatus: based on the bill of quantities table that step 1 obtains, calculate working time according to constraint conditions such as the logical relation between work norm, the operation, total resources, set up schedule;

Schedule Optimization device: based on the PSO algorithm schedule is optimized, obtains meeting the best schedule diagram of most optimum distribution of resources.

A kind of project management progress method of combination may further comprise the steps:

Step 1: generate bill of quantities: BIM is resolved into saddlebag, read the material information in the saddlebag, according to the quantities computation rule of definition, set up bill of quantities;

Step 2: generate schedule: based on the bill of quantities table that step 1 obtains, calculate working time according to constraint conditions such as the logical relation between work norm, the operation, total resources, set up schedule;

Step 3: optimize schedule: in the rational time limit, based on the PSO algorithm schedule is optimized, obtains meeting the best schedule diagram of most optimum distribution of resources.

With reference to Fig. 2, in the project management progress method of combination, step 1 generates bill of quantities and comprises following steps:

Step 11: on the basis of project construction BIM, according to quantities subitem rule BIM is split as saddlebag;

Step 12: extract the material information of saddlebag, material comprises: door, window, lead, light fixture, place etc., and material information containing type, component names, absolute altitude, width, height etc. are set up material database according to material information;

Step 13: generate bill of quantities, the material database so that step 12 is set up according to the quantities computation rule of definition, generates bill of quantities; Wherein, the quantities computation rule has comprised the definition to Material Takeoff unit, statistic algorithm and materials classification.

With reference to Fig. 3, in the project management progress method of combination, step 2 generates schedule and comprises following steps:

Step 21: initialization resource distribution: according to user's technical routine construction period and milestone plan, the resources such as input quantity of the manpower that each quantities subitem is dropped into, machinery, resource are carried out initial configuration;

Step 22: calculate and respectively itemize the duration: based on the bill of quantities table, the corresponding work norm of computational engineering amount subitem is chosen the corresponding regular standard of each subitem according to subitem, calculates the duration size of each quantities subitem;

Step 23: generate network planning figure, dispose the dependence of each quantities subitem, with each quantities with duration of each quantities subitem as weight, generate single code name network planning figure; For the project under construction that is provided with the milestone node, be the beginning summit of network planning figure with the project initiation, be the end vertex of network planning figure with the milestone, network planning figure is split into a plurality of sub-network planning charts;

Step 24: the critical path of calculating chart, the network planning figure of the project construction that obtains based on step 23, the activity that can walk abreast in the project construction is merged, the longest path of choosing then from the beginning summit to end vertex is critical path, and the length of this critical path is the duration length of project construction; The activity on the critical path chosen is as critical activity;

Step 25: judge whether the project duration satisfy construction period, judge whether the project duration satisfy construction period, if satisfy construction period, then obtained satisfactory project construction schedule; If do not satisfy construction period, the resource that then progressively increases critical activity drops into, and shortens the project construction duration to reach requirement;

Step 26: judge whether to reach the resource restriction, travel through each critical activity on each bar critical path at first one by one, find out the activity that does not also reach the restriction of resource input, in the activity that these satisfy condition, select to drop into that the highest activity of Energy Efficiency Ratio, as the goal activities of optimizing; If all activities on the critical path have all reached the restrictive condition of resource, show that then project can't finish on schedule, progress layout failure;

Step 27: increase resource and drop into, obtain the goal activities that to optimize by step 26, input unit's resource, shorten the duration of goal activities, and then jump to step 22, regenerate network planning figure, calculate critical path and carry out comparative analysis, till critical path depth both project duration meets the demands.

In the project management progress method of combination, step 3 is optimized schedule and be may further comprise the steps:

Step 31: determine the resource optimization target, fix by supposing the duration, be no more than under the prerequisite of duration, utilize the variance minimum principle that resource distribution is optimized, reach resource allocation equalization;

Step 32: set up and optimize model, set up mathematical model according to the variance minimum principle, the mathematical model formula is as follows:

$\min I=\frac{1}{T}{\∫}_0^T{[R\left(t\right)-R_m]}^2\mathrm{dt}=\frac{1}{T}{\∫}_0^T{R\left(t\right)}^2\mathrm{dt}-R_m^2---\left(1\right)$

$R\left(t\right)=\underset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{R}_i\left(t\right),i=\mathrm{1,2},\·\·\·,N---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, T is the date of engineering discipline, and R (t) is the engineering t resource consumption intensity of all process steps constantly, R _mFor the engineering average resource consumes intensity, R _i(t) sign operation i is in t resource consumption intensity constantly, and N is the sum of operation; R _i(t) should satisfy following constraint:

$R_i\left(t\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{c}{r}_i,T_s\left(i\right)\≤t\≤T_s\left(i\right)+T\left(i\right)\\ 0,t\≤T_s\left(i\right)\mathrm{ort}\≥T_s\left(i\right)+T\left(i\right)\end{array}\right.---\left(3\right)$

max(T _s(k),T _P(i))≤T _s(i)≤T _L(i) （4）

Wherein, T _s(i) the actual start time of expression operation i, the duration of T (i) expression operation i, operation k is the tight preceding operation of operation i, T _P(i) earliest start time of expression operation i, T _L(i) Late Start of expression operation i.

Being less than operation as can be seen has logical relation constraint and time relationship constraint, and the actual start time of per pass operation not only is limited in earliest start time and the Late Start scope, but also is subjected to the influence of tight preceding working procedure states.

Step 33: use PSO particle swarm optimization model, the project process scheduled resource is optimized, obtain meeting the best schedule diagram of most optimum distribution of resources.

The PSO algorithm is that a kind of bionic intelligence is optimized algorithm, the fitness that each particle has an objective function to determine, and this fitness value is used for weighing the superior degree of each particle, and each particle also has a speed to determine direction and the distance of its flight.All particles are initialized as a group random particles, find optimum solution by iteration then.In the iteration, particle upgrades oneself by following the tracks of two " extreme values ": one is the optimum solution that all particles reach in the successive dynasties search procedure in the whole population, is called as globally optimal solution G each time _BestAnother then is the optimum solution that each particle self reaches in the successive dynasties search procedure, and this solution is called as individual optimum solution P _BestEach each particle of iteration upgrades speed and the position of oneself according to following formula:

$v_{\mathrm{id}}={\mathrm{wv}}_{\mathrm{id}}+c_1{r}_1(x_{\mathrm{id}}^{P_{\mathrm{best}}}-x_{\mathrm{id}})+c_2{r}_2(x_{\mathrm{id}}^{G_{\mathrm{best}}}-x_{\mathrm{id}})---\left(5\right)$

x _id＝x _id+v _id (6)

In the formula (1): v _IdBe the d dimension component of particle i somatotype velocity, x _IdFor the d of particle i position vector is component, r ₁, r ₂Be the random number between [0,1], c ₁, c ₂Be acceleration factor, w is inertia weight.

For using PSO particle swarm optimization model, to the main flow process that the project process scheduled resource is optimized, the specific implementation step is as follows with reference to Fig. 4:

Step 1: initialization procedure, input schedule primary data is calculated other data such as speed limit, lower limit and operation total duration etc., in limited range, produce random site and the speed of each particle of population at random, and calculate the adaptive value of each particle correspondence.

Step 2: evolution equation, according to formula (5), (6) evolution equation is evolved to population.

Step 3: evolution postevaluation particle, revise according to above-mentioned formula (4), make its logical relation constraint of satisfying operation and time relationship constraint, and calculate the fitness value of each particle.

Step 4: new particle more, upgrade P according to evaluation rule _Best, G _Best

Step 5: judge whether to meet end condition, if do not reach a default maximum evolutionary generation, then return step 2; If reach then the iteration end output result.

The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. project management progress method of combination is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

Step 1: generate bill of quantities: BIM is resolved into saddlebag, read the material information in the saddlebag, according to the quantities computation rule of definition, set up bill of quantities;

Step 2: generate schedule: based on the bill of quantities table that step 1 obtains, calculate working time according to constraint conditions such as the logical relation between work norm, the operation, total resources, set up schedule;

Step 3: optimize schedule: in the rational time limit, based on the PSO algorithm schedule is optimized, obtains meeting the best schedule diagram of most optimum distribution of resources.

2. a kind of project management progress method of combination as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in the project process method of combination, step 1 generates bill of quantities and comprises following steps:

Step 11: on the basis of project construction BIM, according to quantities subitem rule BIM is split as saddlebag;

Step 12: extract the material information of saddlebag, material comprises: door, window, lead, light fixture, place etc., and material information containing type, component names, absolute altitude, width, height etc. are set up material database according to material information;

Step 13: generate bill of quantities, the material database so that step 12 is set up according to the quantities computation rule of definition, generates bill of quantities; Wherein, the quantities computation rule has comprised the definition to Material Takeoff unit, statistic algorithm and materials classification.

3. a kind of project management progress method of combination as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in the project process method of combination, step 2 generates schedule and comprises following steps:

Step 21: initialization resource distribution: according to user's technical routine construction period and milestone plan, the resources such as input quantity of the manpower that each quantities subitem is dropped into, machinery, resource are carried out initial configuration;

Step 22: calculate and respectively itemize the duration: based on the bill of quantities table, the corresponding work norm of computational engineering amount subitem is chosen the corresponding regular standard of each subitem according to subitem, calculates the duration size of each quantities subitem;

Step 23: generate network planning figure, dispose the dependence of each quantities subitem, with each quantities with duration of each quantities subitem as weight, generate single code name network planning figure; For the project under construction that is provided with the milestone node, be the beginning summit of network planning figure with the project initiation, be the end vertex of network planning figure with the milestone, network planning figure is split into a plurality of sub-network planning charts;

Step 24: the critical path of calculating chart, the network planning figure of the project construction that obtains based on step 23, the activity that can walk abreast in the project construction is merged, the longest path of choosing then from the beginning summit to end vertex is critical path, and the length of this critical path is the duration length of project construction; The activity on the critical path chosen is as critical activity;

Step 25: judge whether the project duration satisfy construction period, judge whether the project duration satisfy construction period, if satisfy construction period, then obtained satisfactory project construction schedule; If do not satisfy construction period, the resource that then progressively increases critical activity drops into, and shortens the project construction duration to reach requirement;

Step 26: judge whether to reach the resource restriction, travel through each critical activity on each bar critical path at first one by one, find out the activity that does not also reach the restriction of resource input, in the activity that these satisfy condition, select to drop into that the highest activity of Energy Efficiency Ratio, as the goal activities of optimizing; If all activities on the critical path have all reached the restrictive condition of resource, show that then project can't finish on schedule, progress layout failure;

Step 27: increase resource and drop into, obtain the goal activities that to optimize by step 26, input unit's resource, shorten the duration of goal activities, and then jump to step 22, regenerate network planning figure, calculate critical path and carry out comparative analysis, till critical path depth both project duration meets the demands.

4. a kind of project management progress method of combination as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in the project process method of combination, step 3 is optimized schedule and be may further comprise the steps:

Step 31: determine the resource optimization target, fix by supposing the duration, be no more than under the prerequisite of duration, utilize the variance minimum principle that resource distribution is optimized, reach resource allocation equalization;

Step 32: set up and optimize model, set up mathematical model according to the variance minimum principle, the mathematical model formula is as follows:

$\min I=\frac{1}{T}{\∫}_0^T{[R\left(t\right)-R_m]}^2\mathrm{dt}=\frac{1}{T}{\∫}_0^T{R\left(t\right)}^2\mathrm{dt}-R_m^2$

$R\left(t\right)=\underset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{R}_i\left(t\right),i=\mathrm{1,2},\·\·\·,N$

Wherein, T is the date of engineering discipline, and R (t) is the engineering t resource consumption intensity of all process steps constantly, R _mFor the engineering average resource consumes intensity, R _i(t) sign operation i is in t resource consumption intensity constantly, and N is the sum of operation;

Step 33: use PSO particle swarm optimization model, the project process scheduled resource is optimized, obtain meeting the best schedule diagram of most optimum distribution of resources.

5. a kind of project management progress method of combination as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: optimize in the schedule R of step 32 _i(t) should satisfy following constraint:

$R_i\left(t\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{c}{r}_i,T_s\left(i\right)\≤t\≤T_s\left(i\right)+T\left(i\right)\\ 0,t\≤T_s\left(i\right)\mathrm{ort}\≥T_s\left(i\right)+T\left(i\right)\end{array}\right.$

max(T _s(k),T _P(i))≤T _s(i)≤T _L(i)

Wherein, T _s(i) the actual start time of expression operation i, the duration of T (i) expression operation i, operation k is the tight preceding operation of operation i, T _P(i) earliest start time of expression operation i, T _L(i) Late Start of expression operation i.

6. project process arranging system is characterized in that: comprise the following assembly that connects successively:

Bill of quantities generating apparatus: BIM is resolved into saddlebag, read the material information in the saddlebag, according to the quantities computation rule of definition, set up bill of quantities;

Schedule generating apparatus: based on the bill of quantities table that step 1 obtains, calculate working time according to constraint conditions such as the logical relation between work norm, the operation, total resources, set up schedule;

Schedule Optimization device: based on the PSO algorithm schedule is optimized, obtains meeting the best schedule diagram of most optimum distribution of resources.

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