CN103288201A - Water treatment method for removing radioactive iodine pollution through combined use of persulfate and active carbon - Google Patents
Water treatment method for removing radioactive iodine pollution through combined use of persulfate and active carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN103288201A CN103288201A CN2013102467748A CN201310246774A CN103288201A CN 103288201 A CN103288201 A CN 103288201A CN 2013102467748 A CN2013102467748 A CN 2013102467748A CN 201310246774 A CN201310246774 A CN 201310246774A CN 103288201 A CN103288201 A CN 103288201A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water treatment method for removing radioactive iodine pollution, and concretely relates to a water treatment method for removing radioactive iodine pollution through the combined use of persulfate and active carbon. The technical problems of low running cost and complex operations of present water treatment methods for removing radioactive iodine pollution are solved in the invention. The method comprises the following steps: 1, adding a composite salt and powdery active carbon to radioactive iodide ions-containing water for treatment, mixing, and allowing the hydraulic retention time to be 5-120min to obtain a mixed solution; and 2, adding a coagulant to the mixed solution obtained in step 1, and carrying out coagulation, precipitation and filtration in a routine water treatment technology to remove radioactive iodine in water. The method has the advantages of high removal efficiency, simple process, flexible and convenient operation, no change of the original treatment technology of a water plant, low running cost and the like, and the removal efficiency of the radioactive iodide ions in water can reach above 90%. The method can be used in the field of the water treatment of radioactive iodine pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water treatment method that radioiodine pollutes of removing.
Background technology
In recent years, because energy dilemma, various countries use the nuclear energy energy as an alternative gradually.But very important is the interior a large amount of radioactive substances of nuclear reactor, will be released in the environment in case have an accident, can be to the common people and ecotope cause great harm on every side.The nuclear incident generation is exactly the radioactivity iodine 131 to the human health damage maximum, as the first step product of fission chain reaction, adds that the transformation period short, have only 8.3 days, bigger in the influence of nuclear incident early period of origination, will in Tiroidina, accumulate in case enter human body, and finally cause the generation of cancer.
Because the radioiodine ionic concn is lower in the water surrounding, also has a large amount of high density interfering ions (as: chlorion, bromide anion, sulfate ion, phosphate anion etc.) simultaneously, therefore, be difficult to realize that iodide ion is by the removal of selectivity.At present, removing waterborne radioactivity iodide ion comparison effective means is reverse osmosis, by the effect of high pressure reverse osmosis membrane, the zwitterion that coexists in radioiodine ion and the water is removed in the lump, removal efficient height, but exist investment, operation and maintenance cost with high, the problem of complicated operation.
Therefore, seek a kind of economical and efficient, water treatment method simple to operate, that the removal radioiodine that can carry out large-scale production and application pollutes is imperative.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the existing water treatment method running cost height that radioiodine pollutes of removing, the technical problem of complicated operation, thus provide a kind of persulphate and gac coupling to remove the water treatment method that radioiodine pollutes.
The water treatment method that the radioiodine pollution is removed in a kind of persulphate of the present invention and gac coupling is to be undertaken by following steps:
One, add composite salt and Powdered Activated Carbon in the pending water that contains the radioiodine ion, mix, hydraulic detention time is 5～120min, obtains mixing solutions; Wherein, the concentration after composite salt adds is 0.1～50mg/L; Concentration after Powdered Activated Carbon adds is 2～100mg/L; Composite salt is obtained by persulphate and alkali 1: 1 in molar ratio～10 mixing;
Two, dosing coagulant in the mixing solutions that obtains to step 1 passes through coagulation, precipitation, the filtration of conventional water treatment process then, can remove the radioiodine in the water;
The described persulphate of step 1 and Powdered Activated Carbon directly add with solid form or add with the form of solution.
The water treatment method principle that the radioiodine pollution is removed in a kind of persulphate of the present invention and gac coupling is as follows:
Persulphate is as the emerging oxygenant of a kind of green, can rapidly the radioiodine ionic oxide formation in the water be generated the active iodine that iodine, hypoiodous acid etc. have strong oxidizing property, see reaction formula (1) to (3), but the further oxidation of active iodine can not be generated iodate; On the contrary, strong oxidizer liquid chlorine commonly used, dioxide peroxide, ozone then can generate iodate with the iodide ion oxidation rapidly in the water treatment procedure.
HSO
5 -+2I
-+2H
+→I
2+HSO
4 -+H
2O (1)
I
2+H
2O→HOI+I
-+H
+ (2)
I
2+I
-→I
3 - (3)
In the process of removing the radioiodine pollution, because the iodine element of various valence states all has radioactivity, therefore, the removal of radioiodine must be separated iodine element from water, but iodide ion and iodate are difficult to separate from water by the mode of absorption or redox reaction.
The present invention is based on the characteristics with strong oxidizing property active iodine that persulfate oxidation radioiodine ion produces, in water, add the Powdered Activated Carbon with reductibility again, organo-functional group and the active iodine abundant by activated carbon surface react, make the active iodine in the water combine with the activated carbon surface organo-functional group with the covalent linkage form, along with the precipitation radioiodine of gac can effectively be removed, namely finished the removal of waterborne radioactivity iodine.
The present invention includes following beneficial effect:
1, persulphate is as the emerging oxygenant of a kind of green, can rapidly the radioiodine ionic oxide formation in the water be generated the active iodine that iodine, hypoiodous acid etc. have strong oxidizing property, but the further oxidation of active iodine can not be generated the iodate that is difficult to separate from water;
2, the active iodine with strong oxidizing property of original position generation, by reacting with the abundant organo-functional group of the powder activity carbon surface with reductibility, make the active iodine in the water combine with the activated carbon surface organo-functional group with the covalent linkage form, along with the precipitation radioiodine of gac can effectively be removed;
3, used green emerging oxygenant persulphate and the Powdered Activated Carbon conduct water treatment agent commonly used of the present invention is cheap, is easy to obtain, and is convenient to store and transportation;
4, the pH value that the adding of alkali can be regulated water treatment system among the present invention reaches better treatment effect 6～9;
5, compare with existing treatment process, this treatment process has advantage such as remove that efficient height, technology are simple, flexible and convenient operation, the do not change original treatment process of water factory and running cost are low, can be used for the emergency processing of water pollution incident;
6, the present invention can reach more than 90% the removal efficient of waterborne radioactivity iodide ion.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 removes efficiency curve diagram for reaction times and iodide ion in the test one.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the arbitrary combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: the water treatment method that the radioiodine pollution is removed in a kind of persulphate of present embodiment and gac coupling is to be undertaken by following steps:
One, add composite salt and Powdered Activated Carbon in the pending water that contains the radioiodine ion, mix, hydraulic detention time is 5～120min, obtains mixing solutions; Wherein, the concentration after composite salt adds is 0.1～50mg/L; Concentration after Powdered Activated Carbon adds is 2～100mg/L; Composite salt is obtained by persulphate and alkali 1: 1 in molar ratio～10 mixing;
Two, dosing coagulant in the mixing solutions that obtains to step 1 passes through coagulation, precipitation, the filtration of conventional water treatment process then, can remove the radioiodine in the water;
The described persulphate of step 1 and Powdered Activated Carbon directly add with solid form or add with the form of solution.
Present embodiment comprises following beneficial effect:
1, persulphate is as the emerging oxygenant of a kind of green, can rapidly the radioiodine ionic oxide formation in the water be generated the active iodine that iodine, hypoiodous acid etc. have strong oxidizing property, but the further oxidation of active iodine can not be generated the iodate that is difficult to separate from water;
2, the active iodine with strong oxidizing property of original position generation, by reacting with the abundant organo-functional group of the powder activity carbon surface with reductibility, make the active iodine in the water combine with the activated carbon surface organo-functional group with the covalent linkage form, along with the precipitation radioiodine of gac can effectively be removed;
3, used green emerging oxygenant persulphate and the Powdered Activated Carbon conduct water treatment agent commonly used of present embodiment is cheap, is easy to obtain, and is convenient to store and transportation;
4, the pH value that the adding of alkali can be regulated water treatment system in the present embodiment reaches better treatment effect 6～9;
5, compare with existing treatment process, this treatment process has advantage such as remove that efficient height, technology are simple, flexible and convenient operation, the do not change original treatment process of water factory and running cost are low, can be used for the emergency processing of water pollution incident;
6, present embodiment can reach more than 90% the removal efficient of waterborne radioactivity iodide ion.
Embodiment two: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is: pending water is source water, seawater, Nuclear power plants water outlet or sewage in the step 1.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: what present embodiment was different with embodiment one or two is: Powdered Activated Carbon is that in carbo lignius, ature of coal charcoal and the coconut husk charcoal one or more mix by arbitrary proportion in the step 1.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to three is: hydraulic detention time is 60min in the step 1.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to four is: the concentration after persulphate adds in the step 1 is 5mg/L.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to five is: the concentration after Powdered Activated Carbon adds in the step 1 is 3mg/L.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to six is: persulfate solution is obtained by persulphate and alkali mixing in 1: 10 in molar ratio in the step 1.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to seven is: persulphate is that in peroxy-monosulfate and the peroxydisulfate one or both mix by arbitrary proportion in the step 1; Wherein, peroxy-monosulfate is that in permonosulphuric acid potassium, permonosulphuric acid sodium and the permonosulphuric acid ammonium one or more mix by arbitrary proportion; Peroxydisulfate is that in Potassium Persulfate, Sodium persulfate and the ammonium peroxydisulfate one or more mix by arbitrary proportion.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to seven.
Embodiment nine: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to eight is: alkali is that in potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, yellow soda ash, salt of wormwood, sodium bicarbonate and the saleratus one or more mix by arbitrary proportion in the step 1.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to eight.
By following verification experimental verification beneficial effect of the present invention:
Test one: the water treatment method that the radioiodine pollution is removed in a kind of persulphate of this test and gac coupling is to realize by following steps:
One, contain to 1mg/L and add composite salt and carbo lignius in the radioiodine ion solution, mix, reaction 60min obtains mixing solutions; Wherein, the concentration after composite salt adds is 5mg/L; Concentration after carbo lignius adds is 3mg/L; Crossing composite salt is obtained by permonosulphuric acid potassium and potassium hydroxide mixing in 1: 10 in molar ratio;
Two, dosing coagulant in the mixing solutions that obtains to step 1 passes through coagulation, precipitation, filtration then, can remove the radioiodine in the water;
The described permonosulphuric acid potassium of step 1 and carbo lignius directly add with solid form or add with the form of solution.
Reaction times and iodide ion are removed efficiency curve diagram as shown in Figure 1 in this test one, and as can be seen from the figure, during reaction 10min, the clearance of iodide ion just reaches 90%; During reaction 18min, the removal efficient of iodide ion reaches 98%.
Claims (9)
1. the water treatment method that radioiodine pollutes is removed in a persulphate and gac coupling, it is characterized in that it is to be undertaken by following steps that the water treatment method of radioiodine pollution is removed in persulphate and gac coupling:
One, add composite salt and Powdered Activated Carbon in the pending water that contains the radioiodine ion, mix, hydraulic detention time is 5～120min, obtains mixing solutions; Wherein, the concentration after composite salt adds is 0.1～50mg/L; Concentration after Powdered Activated Carbon adds is 2～100mg/L; Composite salt is obtained by persulphate and alkali 1: 1 in molar ratio～10 mixing;
Two, dosing coagulant in the mixing solutions that obtains to step 1 passes through coagulation, precipitation, the filtration of conventional water treatment process then, can remove the radioiodine in the water;
The described persulphate of step 1 and Powdered Activated Carbon directly add with solid form or add with the form of solution.
2. the water treatment method that radioiodine pollutes is removed in a kind of persulphate according to claim 1 and gac coupling, it is characterized in that pending water is source water, seawater, Nuclear power plants water outlet or sewage in the step 1.
3. the water treatment method that radioiodine pollutes is removed in a kind of persulphate according to claim 1 and gac coupling, it is characterized in that Powdered Activated Carbon in the step 1 is that in carbo lignius, ature of coal charcoal and the coconut husk charcoal one or more mix by arbitrary proportion.
4. according to the water treatment method of claim 1 or 3 described a kind of persulphates and the pollution of gac coupling removal radioiodine, it is characterized in that hydraulic detention time is 60min in the step 1.
5. the water treatment method that radioiodine pollutes is removed in a kind of persulphate according to claim 1 and gac coupling, it is characterized in that the concentration after persulphate adds in the step 1 is 5mg/L.
6. the water treatment method that radioiodine pollutes is removed in a kind of persulphate according to claim 1 and gac coupling, it is characterized in that the concentration after Powdered Activated Carbon adds in the step 1 is 3mg/L.
7. the water treatment method that radioiodine pollutes is removed in a kind of persulphate according to claim 1 and gac coupling, it is characterized in that persulfate solution is obtained by persulphate and alkali mixing in 1: 10 in molar ratio in the step 1.
8. the water treatment method that radioiodine pollutes is removed in a kind of persulphate according to claim 1 and gac coupling, it is characterized in that persulphate in the step 1 is that in peroxy-monosulfate and the peroxydisulfate one or both mix by arbitrary proportion; Wherein, peroxy-monosulfate is that in permonosulphuric acid potassium, permonosulphuric acid sodium and the permonosulphuric acid ammonium one or more mix by arbitrary proportion; Peroxydisulfate is that in Potassium Persulfate, Sodium persulfate and the ammonium peroxydisulfate one or more mix by arbitrary proportion.
9. the water treatment method that radioiodine pollutes is removed in a kind of persulphate according to claim 1 and gac coupling, it is characterized in that alkali in the step 1 is that in potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, yellow soda ash, salt of wormwood, sodium bicarbonate and the saleratus one or more mix by arbitrary proportion.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112551760A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-26 | 上海鲲谷环保科技有限公司 | Method for removing iodine in wastewater |
| CN113231017A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-10 | 广东工业大学 | Modified ultrafine powder activated carbon and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN112551760A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-26 | 上海鲲谷环保科技有限公司 | Method for removing iodine in wastewater |
| CN113231017A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-10 | 广东工业大学 | Modified ultrafine powder activated carbon and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113231017B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2023-07-18 | 广东工业大学 | Modified superfine powder activated carbon and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130911 |