CN103278332B - The engine startup detection method to cylinder misfire - Google Patents
The engine startup detection method to cylinder misfire Download PDFInfo
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- CN103278332B CN103278332B CN201310206139.7A CN201310206139A CN103278332B CN 103278332 B CN103278332 B CN 103278332B CN 201310206139 A CN201310206139 A CN 201310206139A CN 103278332 B CN103278332 B CN 103278332B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of engine startup detection method to cylinder misfire, accurately calculate including pulse wave data collection, transient rotative speed, speed curves drafting, the step such as situation of catching fire judgement.The method of the present invention controls simple accurate, and the equipment used is simple, with low cost.The present invention is applicable to the electromotor of various vehicle and carries out detection of catching fire.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile detection field, be specifically related to a kind of engine startup detection method to cylinder misfire.
Background technology
Vehicle motor in the development experiments of early stage, due to engine component do not mate or parameter calibration is unreasonable, and the generation of the phenomenon that causes catching fire.Generation in order to avoid above-mentioned situation, it is ensured that the performance of electromotor, needs to judge exactly and identify the information of catching fire during development experiments, and takes appropriate measures and improve, to optimize the performance of electromotor.At present, in the development experiments of electromotor, the most frequently used detection method is: gathers the pressure signal in cylinder by collecting device, then analyzes inner pressure of air cylinder change according to the pressure signal gathered, determines cylinder misfire information according to the situation of pressure change.
There is following defect in above-mentioned detection method: needs to be equipped with pressure transducer and the pressure signal in cylinder is acquired by corollary equipment, and the cost of the said equipment is high, expensive.And electromotor is on startup, burn extremely unstable, and order is caught fire, carbon distribution and flood cylinder probability and sharply increase, and is very easy to damage pressure transducer, and changing pressure transducer can increase cost.
In addition, prior art there is also other some detection methods, such as: CKP is set on bent axle, corner information by CKP detection bent axle, then the information to CKP is calculated the rotary speed information of bent axle, and then the rotation speed change of each cylinder can be analyzed, but above-mentioned detection means equally can only be to the rotation speed change under engine steady operation, and the transient changing for engine startup still can not effectively detect.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiency existing for prior art, the invention provides a kind of engine startup detection method to cylinder misfire, the detection engine crankshaft rotation angle signal of a week, then at interval of equal angular, bent axle is carried out a rotating speed to calculate, finally all rotating speeds calculated are depicted as curve chart, with the situation on fire of cylinder in intuitive judgment engine startup, and corresponding measure can be made in time by observing curve chart.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of engine startup detection method to cylinder misfire, comprises the following steps:
(1) pulse wave data collection: produce mechanism by the impulse wave arranged, send pulsatile once ripple signal every angle beta, produces all impulse waves of mechanism's generation by impulse wave collecting mechanism simultaneously and is acquired impulse wave；
(2) transient rotative speed calculates: the information that in main control unit receiving step (), impulse wave collecting mechanism gathers, and then with interval angles α as computer capacity, the transient rotative speed value of electromotor uses formula (2) carry out Continuous plus:
ni =αf/6(T(i+ (2 α-1))-Ti) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... formula (2)
N in formula (2)iForEngine impulse ripple produces tachometer value during mechanism's generation i-th impulse wave, and f is the sample frequency of impulse wave collecting mechanism, TiCounting of sampled point residing for i-th impulse wave rising edge；
(3) speed curves is drawn: the engine transient tachometer value calculated in step (two), with crank angle as abscissa, to start rotating speed as vertical coordinate, is demarcated, and is depicted as curve by main control unit；
(4) situation of catching fire judges: staff judges the situation of misfiring cylinder according to the curve chart that step (three) is drawn.
A kind of restriction as the present invention: β=0.5 ° in described step (), including at least 5 sampled points in the impulse wave that impulse wave collecting mechanism often gathers, is used for setting sample frequency.
Another kind of restriction as to the present invention: in the computing formula of described step (two), α value is not more than 3 °, and the value of f is not less than 70000HZ.
As further defining that α=3 ° in the computing formula of described step (two), f=70000HZ.
The third as the present invention limits: in described step (four) to the judgement of engine fire situation as: with reference to the curve drawn, when a rear rotating speed valley value (or crest value) is significantly lower than previous rotating speed valley value (or crest value), or this rotating speed valley value (or crest value) is inharmonious when occurring in valley value (or crest value) front and back, then prove that residing cylinder catches fire situation.
As impulse wave being produced limiting of mechanism and impulse wave collecting mechanism: described impulse wave produces mechanism as the encoder being located on electromotor；Impulse wave collecting mechanism is capture card；Main control unit is to be provided with encoder pulse ripple signal processing software and the PC of mapping software.
Owing to have employed above technical scheme, the present invention can reach following technique effect:
(1) present invention by impulse wave produce mechanism can be with the angle displacement of equiangularly spaced collecting crankshaft, and send pulse signal, above-mentioned impulse wave is produced after the impulse wave that mechanism produces is acquired and sends main control unit to by impulse wave collecting mechanism, main control unit can calculate bent axle continuous print tachometer value, and it is depicted as curve, cylinder misfire situation just can be observed intuitively according to curve staff, and the position that catches fire, it is possible to accurately judge the misfiring cycle in engine startup and misfiring cylinder；
(2) use the equipment such as encoder and capture card to carry out information gathering, simple in construction, low cost, it is not necessary to expensive pressure transducer and corollary equipment thereof, and the spoilage of equipment is extremely low；
(3) conventional equipment such as encoder that the present invention uses is easy for installation, and the analysis method of data is simple, thus time saving and energy saving when making the present invention install and use.
In sum, the method for the present invention controls simple accurate, and the equipment used is simple, with low cost.The present invention is applicable to the electromotor of various vehicle and carries out detection of catching fire.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the control flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the curve chart that the embodiment of the present invention detects for a certain electromotor.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment
A kind of engine startup detection method to cylinder misfire
A kind of engine startup that the present embodiment the provides detection method to cylinder misfire, as it is shown in figure 1, include step:
(1) pulse wave data collection
Produce mechanism by the impulse wave arranged, send pulsatile once ripple signal every angle beta, by impulse wave collecting mechanism, impulse wave produced all impulse waves of mechanism's generation simultaneously and be acquired.
β=0.5 ° in the present embodiment, i.e. bent axle often turns over 0.5 °, impulse wave produces mechanism and sends pulsatile once ripple, and in order to ensure that the waveform of impulse wave that impulse wave collecting mechanism collects meets the requirements, including at least 5 sampled points in the impulse wave that pulse collection mechanism often gathers, and the present embodiment uses encoder as impulse wave generator, use capture card as impulse wave collecting mechanism, when arranging, encoder can be fixedly arranged on crankshaft front end or the rear end of electromotor, as long as ensureing that encoder can be to the collection carrying out angular displacement during crank rotation.
(2) transient rotative speed accurately calculates
The information that in main control unit receiving step (), impulse wave collecting mechanism gathers, then with interval angles α as computer capacity, carries out Continuous plus to the transient rotative speed value of electromotor.This step use PC as main control unit, the signal output part of the capture card in the signal input part Connection Step () of described main control unit, therefore, the pulse wave signal that main control unit can collect with real-time reception to capture card, and by existing calculation procedure with angle [alpha] as computer capacity, transient rotative speed value n of Continuous plus electromotori, i.e. angle calculation n between 0 ° and α0, the angle between 1 ° and (α+1 °) calculates n1..., calculate n alwaysi, the value of i is determined according to the number of the impulse wave gathered.
When the present embodiment calculates, with " rotating speed=angle/time " as principle, particularly as follows:
ni=α/(360/60) × [(T(i+ (2 α-1))-Ti)/f] ... ... ... ... ... ... ... formula (1)
In formula (1): niForThe tachometer value of electromotor during the i-th impulse wave that motor encoder sends, f is the sample frequency of sampling card, TiThe counting of sampled point residing for i-th impulse wave rising edge, then T(i+(2 α-1))It is counting of sampled point residing for i-th+2 α impulse wave rising edge, T(i+(2 α-1))-Ti) be between difference of counting, and the frequency of capture card is f, i.e. capture card 1s can collect f point, and the time gathered between two consecutive points is 1/f, and therefore, between i-th impulse wave and i+ (2 α-1) individual impulse wave, interlude is (T(i+(2 α-1))-TiBetween)/f, and i-th impulse wave and i+ (2 α-1) individual impulse wave, the angle at interval is α, then rotating speed 1r/min is converted into 360 °/60s, therefore obtains above-mentioned formula (1), formula (1) is carried out abbreviation and obtains:
ni =αf/6(T(i+(2 α-1))-Ti) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... formula (2)
Therefore, step (two) finally obtains continuous print bent axle transient rotative speed value according to formula (2).In order to ensure the degree of accuracy calculated, α≤3 ° in the present embodiment, and in order to guarantee to collect complete pulse waveform, in i.e. one impulse wave, comprise at least 5 sampled points, f >=70000HZ in the present embodiment.
(3) speed curves is drawn
Main control unit with crank angle as abscissa, with start rotating speed as vertical coordinate, to the engine transient tachometer value n calculated in step (two)iDemarcate, and be depicted as curve.
Owing to main control unit internal memory contains corresponding encoder pulse ripple signal processing software and curves drawing software (for existing curves drawing software), therefore main control unit can be by calculated niWith crank angle as abscissa, the rotating speed coordinate system as vertical coordinate is demarcated starting, and connect and be depicted as curve, obtain final curve values.
The starting process transient rotative speed curve of the four cylinder engine cylinder that Fig. 2 draws when showing α=3 °, f=70000HZ.In this curve, each cylinder working order according to electromotor is arranged as one, three, four, the order of two cylinder, wherein during original state, piston stops, first cylinder piston can be parked in the first cylinder top dead centre and down to optional position between point, the present embodiment sets piston and is parked in top dead centre and down to a centre position as original state, the most corresponding bent axle is parked in horizontal level, therefore when the first cylinder piston is compressed to top dead centre from this position, bent axle half-twist, after and, each cylinder piston compression stroke all can be compressed to top dead centre from lower dead center, so bent axle rotates 180 °, after one circulation, the first cylinder compression travel is also half cycle, i.e. 180 °.Therefore, finally demarcate position is abscissa 0 ° of a cylinder to 90 °, the position of two cylinder is to 270 ° after 90 °, the position of triplex be 270 ° after to 450 °, the position of four cylinders be 450 ° after to 630 °, after 630 °, circulation is a cylinder the most again.
(4) situation of catching fire judges
Staff judges the situation of misfiring cylinder according to the curve chart that step (three) is drawn.In this step, the judgement to the situation of catching fire is: with reference to the curve drawn, when a rear rotating speed valley value (or crest value) is significantly lower than previous rotating speed valley value (or crest value), or this rotating speed valley value (or crest value) is inharmonious when occurring in valley value (or crest value) front and back, then prove that residing cylinder catches fire situation.
In Fig. 2, can substantially observe the obvious inharmonious appearance of waveform at two, understanding a cylinder according to the number of degrees of abscissa is misfiring cylinder.
The computational methods that the present embodiment uses are simple, but can calculate the rotating speed of bent axle accurately, and then the curve by drawing can observe misfiring cylinder whether occur intuitively, and the position of misfiring cylinder, remind staff to take treatment measures in time.
Claims (4)
1. the engine startup detection method to cylinder misfire, it is characterised in that this detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) pulse wave data collection
Mechanism is produced by the impulse wave arranged, pulsatile once ripple signal is sent every angle beta, simultaneously by impulse wave collecting mechanism to impulse wave produce mechanism produce all impulse waves be acquired, described β is 0.5 °, including at least 5 sampled points in the impulse wave that impulse wave collecting mechanism often gathers, it is used for setting sample frequency；
(2) transient rotative speed accurately calculates:
The information that in main control unit receiving step (), impulse wave collecting mechanism gathers, then with interval angles α as computer capacity, uses formula (2) to carry out Continuous plus to the transient rotative speed value of electromotor:
ni=αf/6(T(i+ ( 2 α -1 ) )-Ti)
... ... ... ... ... ... ... formula (2)
N in formula (2)iForEngine impulse ripple produces tachometer value during mechanism's generation i-th impulse wave, and f is the sample frequency of impulse wave collecting mechanism, TiCounting of sampled point residing for i-th impulse wave rising edge, α=3 ° in described formula (2), f=70000HZ；
(3) speed curves is drawn
The engine transient tachometer value calculated in step (two), with crank angle as abscissa, to start rotating speed as vertical coordinate, is demarcated, and is depicted as curve by main control unit；
(4) situation of catching fire judges
Staff judges the situation of misfiring cylinder according to the curve chart that step (three) is drawn.
2. according to the detection method to cylinder misfire of the engine startup described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (four), the judgement to engine fire situation is:
With reference to the curve drawn, when a rotating speed valley value is significantly lower than previous rotating speed valley value after 1., or this rotating speed valley value is inharmonious when occurring in valley value front and back, then prove that residing cylinder catches fire situation；2. when after, a rotating speed crest value is significantly lower than previous rotating speed crest value, or this rotating speed crest value is inharmonious when occurring in crest value front and back, then prove that residing cylinder catches fire situation.
The engine startup the most according to claim 1 detection method to cylinder misfire, it is characterised in that: it is the encoder being located on electromotor that described impulse wave produces mechanism；Impulse wave collecting mechanism is capture card；Main control unit is to be provided with encoder pulse ripple signal processing software and the PC of mapping software.
The engine startup the most according to claim 2 detection method to cylinder misfire, it is characterised in that: it is the encoder being located on electromotor that described impulse wave produces mechanism；Impulse wave collecting mechanism is capture card；Main control unit is to be provided with encoder pulse ripple signal processing software and the PC of mapping software.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106555682A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-04-05 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | A kind of changeable air valve control method for reducing diesel engine starting operating mode noxious emission |
| CN107237699B (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2019-11-12 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of high-power multiple spot EFI gas engine fire detection method and detection device |
| CN109269810A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2019-01-25 | 山东交通学院 | A kind of engine fire fault diagnosis method based on the identification of mass center generalized force |
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| KR100410753B1 (en) * | 2001-07-18 | 2003-12-18 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Method for misfire detection of engine in vehicle |
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