CN103217345B - Device and method for measuring actual triaxial creep of geotechnical engineering test specimen - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring actual triaxial creep of geotechnical engineering test specimen Download PDFInfo
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- CN103217345B CN103217345B CN201310103132.2A CN201310103132A CN103217345B CN 103217345 B CN103217345 B CN 103217345B CN 201310103132 A CN201310103132 A CN 201310103132A CN 103217345 B CN103217345 B CN 103217345B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for measuring actual triaxial creep of a geotechnical engineering test specimen. The device comprises a support structure, and also comprises four confining pressure plates, an upper compression plate and a lower compression plate so as to form a closed cavity for wrapping a test specimen, wherein the confining pressure plates comprise two long confining pressure plates and two short confining pressure plats, the upper compression plate and the lower compression plate are a rectangular top steel plate and a rectangular bottom steel plate, the two outwards-bent L-shaped long confining pressure plates are overlapped on two adjacent side surfaces of the bottom steel plate, the two outwards-bent L-shaped short confining pressure plates are overlapped on the other two side surfaces of the bottom steel plate, the bottom ends of the short of the bottom steel plate plates are arranged on the bottom steel plate, the top steel plate is overlapped at the top ends of the long confining pressure plates, the top steel plate is clung to the inner side surfaces of the two short confining pressure plates, pressure sensors corresponding to the four confining pressure plates and the upper compression plate and the lower compression plate are vertically arranged inside the support structure, and grating rulers are arranged on the pressure sensors. The invention also provides a method for measuring the actual triaxial creep of the geotechnical engineering test specimen by using the device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of devices and methods therefor for measuring the creep of Geotechnical Engineering test block true triaxial.
Background technology
Creep refers to that solid material is keeping under the condition that stress is constant, the phenomenon that strain extends in time and increases.It is different from plastic yield, and plastic yield just occurs usually after stress exceedes limit of elasticity, as long as and the action time of creep stress quite long, it also can occur when stress is less than limit of elasticity.
In Geotechnical Engineering, creep is very general, and a lot of Geotechnical Engineering disaster is also closely bound up with Rock And Soil creep, and as landslide, landslide, settlement of foundation etc., therefore study Rock And Soil creep very necessary, this is also the important guarantee of geotechnical engineering safety.
Geotechnical Engineering creep test in the past often rests in the test of single shaft, false three axles, uniaxial test have ignored the impact of test block confined pressure, false triaxial test then have ignored test block respectively to the inequality of pressure, and these all accurately can not reflect the truly stressed and creep behaviour of Rock And Soil under physical condition.Domestic and international Rock And Soil true triaxial creep test instrument is considerably less to be seen, structure is very complicated, and scale is relatively huge, and complex operation is expensive, and only in the creep test of high strength, for the often loss of accuracy of the triaxial creepage under low-intensity condition.At present, the research of the creep of ground under low-intensity condition is comparatively short of.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, being provided for the devices and methods therefor measuring the creep of Geotechnical Engineering test block true triaxial.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
For measuring the device of Geotechnical Engineering test block true triaxial creep, comprise supporting construction, described device also comprises four confined pressure plates and upper and lower increased pressure board, to form the enclosed cavity of a parcel test block; Described confined pressure plate comprises two long confined pressure plates and two short confined pressure plates, described upper and lower increased pressure board is rectangular top steel plate and bottom steel plate, two long confined pressure plates of " L " shape bent laterally are set up in adjacent two sides of described bottom steel plate, two short confined pressure plates of " L " shape bent laterally are set up in remaining two sides, and the bottom of described short confined pressure plate is placed on the steel plate of bottom; Top steel plate is set up on the top of described long confined pressure plate, and the medial surface of described top steel plate and two short confined pressure plates is close to; The inside of described supporting construction corresponds to four confined pressure plates and is provided with pressure transducer with upper and lower increased pressure board is all vertical, and described pressure transducer is equipped with grating scale.
Described supporting construction comprises the top steel bracket of base plate and " ten " font, and four ends of described top steel bracket are connected with base plate respectively by sidepiece steel bracket; The central authorities of described base plate and the central authorities of sidepiece steel bracket are inwardly provided with hydraulic jack respectively.
The infall lower end of described top steel bracket be connected steel disc I and connect, described hydraulic jack respectively by pressure transducer be connected steel disc II ~ VI and connect, the lower end of described connection steel disc I is provided with top pulleys, the top connecting steel disc II is provided with bottom pulley, connects steel disc III ~ VI and is equipped with side direction pulley towards inner side; Described top pulleys support, top steel plate, described bottom pulley supports the bottom steel plate for placing square test block, and long confined pressure plate and two short confined pressure plates fit tightly with two respectively in four sides of described test block; The lateral surface of described side direction pulley support four confined pressure plates.
Inside the shoulder of described confined pressure plate and bottom is respectively equipped with confined pressure plate shoulder pulley and confined pressure plate bottom pulley.
Utilize said apparatus to measure the method for Geotechnical Engineering test block true triaxial creep, concrete steps are as follows:
1) assembling test device, forms an enclosed cavity parcel test block;
2) precharge, makes the inside of supporting construction contact with four confined pressure plates and upper and lower increased pressure board, and keeps stable;
3) regulate the registration of the pressure transducer corresponding with bottom steel plate, make it zero, and record the initial reading of corresponding grating scale;
4) regulate the hydraulic jack in x-axis, y-axis, z-axis direction respectively, make the reading of the pressure transducer in three directions reach setting value respectively, and keep stable; The scope of described setting value is 0 ~ 5MPa;
5) measure the creeping displacement in x direction, y direction, get the climb of bottom steel plate as the displacement of test block Axial creep.
The concrete grammar of described step 1) is: take and put supporting construction, by the bottom that bottom steel plate is set up in supporting construction, two long confined pressure plates is set up the adjacent side at bottom steel plate; Test block is positioned on the steel plate of bottom, and near long confined pressure plate, two short confined pressure plates is placed on the steel plate of bottom, and contacts with test block; Top steel plate is placed on long confined pressure plate, with the contacts side surfaces of two short confined pressure plates, forms the test block of enclosed cavity parcel.
The described concrete grammar putting supporting construction of taking is: four ends of " ten " font top steel bracket are connected to base plate respectively by sidepiece steel bracket; Hydraulic jack is inwardly installed respectively by the central authorities of base plate and the central authorities of sidepiece steel bracket; The infall lower end of top steel bracket be connected steel disc I and connect, hydraulic jack respectively by pressure transducer be connected steel disc II ~ VI and connect, each pressure transducer all installs grating scale, top pulleys is installed in the lower end connecting steel disc I, bottom pulley is installed on the top connecting steel disc II, connect steel disc III ~ VI towards inner side equal installation side to pulley; Top pulleys support, top steel plate, bottom pulley support base steel plate, the lateral surface of side direction pulley support four confined pressure plates.
In described step 5), the concrete grammar of the creeping displacement in measurement x direction, y direction is: measured once every 30 minutes in 1 day, measures once after 1 day every 2 hours.
Principle of work of the present invention:
1 square test block surrounding is wrapped up around steel plate with four groups, by the squeezing action approximate simulation confined pressure of four steel plates;
2 four groups of steel plates adopt the overlapping mode of " windmill type ", freely can change relative position within the specific limits during lateral force;
Settle ball-type pulley between 3 four groups of steel plate surface of contact, reduce frictional resistance, overcome bias effect simultaneously;
4 test block upper and lower two groups baffle-plate misplacement overlap joints, each covering two groups, around steel plate, ensures Free Transform during test block axially loaded;
5 pass through ball-type pulley Bonding pressure sensor around outside steel plate, and adopt the mode of hydraulic jack pressurization to apply lateral stress, sensor accurately can control pressure;
6 gravitational loads cannot realize the axial pressure of this device, and this device adopts the mode of bottom-up extruding test block, ensure that the stability of whole device.
The present invention is slidably overlapped by four groups of confined pressure plates and the mutual of upper and lower increased pressure board, and the three-dimensional achieving test block loads.Four groups of confined pressure plates, adopt the overlapping mode of " windmill type ", freely can change relative position within the specific limits during lateral force, ensure that x to y to stressed independence; The overlapping mode that upper and lower increased pressure board and two groups of side direction steel plates stagger up and down, ensure that test block z-axis is to stressed independence; " windmill type " test block side direction can be made to be subject to the confined pressure do not waited around structure, and test block side direction Free Transform can be ensured, ensure that the independence of side pressure.
Settle ball-type pulley between the surface of contact of four groups of confined pressure plates, reduce frictional resistance, and can free relative sliding.Four groups of confined pressure plates adopt the design form of " L " shape, overcome the bias effect of confined pressure plate motion process.Contact with pulley form with pressure transducer outside increased pressure board and connect, ensure that axial compression is along test specimen axis direction, ensure that the independence of axial compression simultaneously.
By the long side guide of two groups of " L " shapes and the upper and lower dislocation lap joint of short side guide of two groups of " L " shapes, achieve Free Transform during test block axially loaded, ensure that the independence of test block axially loaded simultaneously.Contact connection with pressure transducer in pulley mode outside " L " shape steel plate, ensure that device is along the pressurization of test block axis direction, ensure that the independence of test block axial compression and side pressure simultaneously.Be forced through hydraulic jack to realize, guarantee the constant of pressure.Utilize pressure transducer to achieve to control the precise constant of pressure.Adopt grating scale to measure the three direction displacement of test block, greatly improve experimental precision.
Instant invention overcomes the difficult problem run in true triaxial creep in the past, " windmill type " around structure can make test block side direction be subject to not wait confined pressure, and can free deformation, the friction between the use of ball-type pulley reduces around steel plate, and can move freely within the specific limits; The mode of electronic pressure transmitter hydraulic control lifting jack pressurization can carry out accurately, pressurizeing consistently, ensure that experimental precision to Rock And Soil test block; Axle pressure adopts the mode of pressurizeing to ensure that the free deformation of test block axis from bottom to top, and ensure that the stable of whole device.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows,
1 the invention solves before inconvenience in experiment, achieve the simulated experiment of test block creep under lower pressure.
2. hydraulic jack is pressurizeed simple and easy realization, is convenient to regulate;
3. creep process distortion is comparatively slow, and the test period is long, and the mode of being pressurizeed by hydraulic jack auto-control, ensure that experimental precision, is enough to the needs meeting low-intensity creep test;
4. the installation of pressure transducer ensure that the constant of creep confined pressure, ensure that the accuracy of low-intensity true triaxial creep test.
The mode of the bottom-up extruding test block of 5 employing, ensure that the stability of whole device.
6. adopt grating scale to measure test block displacement, improve test accuracy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of supporting construction;
Fig. 3 is the lateral plan in short confined pressure plate direction;
Fig. 4 is the lateral plan in long confined pressure plate direction;
Fig. 5 is the view before loading test block;
Fig. 6 is the view after loading test block;
Wherein 1 fixed screw 2. top steel bracket 3. sidepiece steel bracket 4. grating scale 5. base plate 6. hydraulic jack 7. side direction pulley 8. connects steel plate 15. confined pressure plate shoulder pulley 16. confined pressure plate bottom pulley bottom the long confined pressure plate 14. of the steel disc II9. bottom pulley 10. pressure transducer 11. top short confined pressure plate 13. of steel plate 12..
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further elaborated, should be noted that following explanation is only to explain the present invention, not limiting its content.
The present invention includes supporting construction, the internal slide of supporting construction overlaps four confined pressure plates and upper and lower increased pressure board, to form the enclosed cavity of a parcel test block; Confined pressure plate comprises two long confined pressure plates 13 and two short confined pressure plates 14, upper and lower increased pressure board is rectangular top steel plate 11 and bottom steel plate 14, two long confined pressure plates 13 of " L " shape bent laterally are set up in adjacent two sides of bottom steel plate 14, two short confined pressure plates 12 of " L " shape bent laterally are set up in remaining two sides, and the bottom of short confined pressure plate 12 is placed on the steel plate 14 of bottom; Top steel plate 11 is set up on the top of long confined pressure plate 13, and the medial surface of top steel plate 11 and two short confined pressure plates 12 is close to; The inside of supporting construction corresponds to four confined pressure plates and is provided with pressure transducer 10 with upper and lower increased pressure board is all vertical, pressure transducer 10 is equipped with grating scale 4.
Supporting construction comprises the top steel bracket 2 of base plate 5 and " ten " font, and four ends of top steel bracket 2 are connected with base plate 5 respectively by sidepiece steel bracket 3, and junction is fixedly connected with fixed screw 1; The central authorities of base plate 5 and the central authorities of sidepiece steel bracket 3 are inwardly provided with hydraulic jack 6 respectively.
The infall lower end of top steel bracket 2 be connected steel disc I and connect, hydraulic jack 6 respectively by pressure transducer 10 be connected steel disc II8, connect steel disc III, connect steel disc IV, connect steel disc V, connect steel disc VI and connect, the lower end of described connection steel disc I is provided with top pulleys, the top connecting steel disc II8 is provided with bottom pulley 9, connects steel disc III ~ VI and is equipped with side direction pulley 7 towards inner side; Top pulleys support, top steel plate 11, bottom pulley 9 supports the bottom steel plate 14 for placing square test block, and long confined pressure plate 13 and two short confined pressure plates 12 fit tightly with two respectively in four sides of test block; Side direction pulley 7 supports the lateral surface of four confined pressure plates.
Inside the shoulder of confined pressure plate and bottom is respectively equipped with confined pressure plate shoulder pulley 15 and confined pressure plate bottom pulley 16.
Utilize said apparatus to measure the method for Geotechnical Engineering test block true triaxial creep, concrete steps are as follows:
1) assembling test device, forms an enclosed cavity parcel test block;
2) precharge, makes the inside of supporting construction contact with four confined pressure plates and upper and lower increased pressure board, and keeps stable;
3) regulate the registration of the pressure transducer 10 corresponding with bottom steel plate 14, make it zero, and record the initial reading of corresponding grating scale 4;
4) regulate the hydraulic jack 6 in x-axis, y-axis, z-axis direction respectively, make the reading of the pressure transducer 10 in three directions reach setting value respectively, and keep stable; The scope of setting value is 0 ~ 5MPa;
5) measure the creeping displacement in x direction, y direction, get the climb of bottom steel plate 14 as the displacement of test block Axial creep.
The concrete grammar of step 1) is: take and put supporting construction, by the bottom that bottom steel plate 14 is set up in supporting construction, two long confined pressure plates 13 is set up the adjacent side at bottom steel plate 14; Test block is positioned on the steel plate 14 of bottom, and near long confined pressure plate 13, two short confined pressure plates 12 is placed on the steel plate 14 of bottom, and contacts with test block; Top steel plate 11 is placed on long confined pressure plate 13, with the contacts side surfaces of two short confined pressure plates 12, forms the test block of enclosed cavity parcel.
Taking the concrete grammar putting supporting construction is: four ends of " ten " font top steel bracket 2 are connected to base plate respectively by sidepiece steel bracket 3; Hydraulic jack 6 is inwardly installed respectively by the central authorities of base plate 5 and the central authorities of sidepiece steel bracket 3; The infall lower end of top steel bracket 2 be connected steel disc I and connect, hydraulic jack 6 respectively by pressure transducer 10 be connected steel disc II8, connect steel disc III, connect steel disc IV, connect steel disc V, connect steel disc VI and connect, grating scale 4 all installed by each pressure transducer 10, top pulleys is installed in the lower end connecting steel disc I, bottom pulley 9 is installed on the top connecting steel disc II8, connect steel disc III ~ VI towards inner side equal installation side to pulley 7; Top pulleys support, top steel plate, bottom pulley 9 support base steel plate 14, side direction pulley 7 supports the lateral surface of four confined pressure plates.
In step 5), the concrete grammar of the creeping displacement in measurement x direction, y direction is: measured once every 30 minutes in 1 day, measures once after 1 day every 2 hours.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. for measuring the device of Geotechnical Engineering test block true triaxial creep, comprising supporting construction, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises four confined pressure plates and upper and lower increased pressure board, to form the enclosed cavity of a parcel test block; Described confined pressure plate comprises two long confined pressure plates and two short confined pressure plates, described upper and lower increased pressure board is rectangular top steel plate and bottom steel plate, two long confined pressure plates of " L " shape bent laterally are set up in adjacent two sides of described bottom steel plate, two short confined pressure plates of " L " shape bent laterally are set up in remaining two sides, the long side guide of " L " shape and the upper and lower dislocation lap joint of short side guide of " L " shape; The bottom of described short confined pressure plate is placed on the steel plate of bottom; Top steel plate is set up on the top of described long confined pressure plate, and the medial surface of described top steel plate and two short confined pressure plates is close to; Four described confined pressure plates adopt the overlapping mode of " windmill type "; The overlapping mode that upper and lower increased pressure board and two groups of side direction steel plates stagger up and down; The inside of described supporting construction corresponds to four confined pressure plates and is provided with pressure transducer with upper and lower increased pressure board is all vertical, and described pressure transducer is equipped with grating scale.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described supporting construction comprises the top steel bracket of base plate and " ten " font, and four ends of described top steel bracket are connected with base plate respectively by sidepiece steel bracket; The central authorities of described base plate and the central authorities of sidepiece steel bracket are inwardly provided with hydraulic jack respectively.
3. device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the infall lower end of described top steel bracket be connected steel disc I and connect, described hydraulic jack respectively by pressure transducer be connected steel disc II ~ VI and connect, the lower end of described connection steel disc I is provided with top pulleys, the top connecting steel disc II is provided with bottom pulley, connects steel disc III ~ VI and is equipped with side direction pulley towards inner side; Described top pulleys support, top steel plate, described bottom pulley supports the bottom steel plate for placing square test block, and long confined pressure plate and two short confined pressure plates fit tightly with two respectively in four sides of described test block; The lateral surface of described side direction pulley support four confined pressure plates.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, inside the shoulder of described confined pressure plate and bottom is respectively equipped with confined pressure plate shoulder pulley and confined pressure plate bottom pulley.
5. utilize the method for the measurement device Geotechnical Engineering test block true triaxial creep described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
1) assembling test device, forms an enclosed cavity parcel test block;
2) precharge, makes the inside of supporting construction contact with four confined pressure plates and upper and lower increased pressure board, and keeps stable;
3) regulate the registration of the pressure transducer corresponding with bottom steel plate, make it zero, and record the initial reading of corresponding grating scale;
4) regulate the hydraulic jack 6 in x-axis, y-axis, z-axis direction respectively, make the reading of the pressure transducer 10 in three directions reach setting value respectively, and keep stable; The scope of described setting value is 0 ~ 5MPa;
5) measure the creeping displacement in x direction, y direction, get the climb of bottom steel plate as the displacement of test block Axial creep.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the concrete grammar of described step 1) is: take and put supporting construction, by the bottom that bottom steel plate is set up in supporting construction, two long confined pressure plates is set up the adjacent side at bottom steel plate; Test block is positioned on the steel plate of bottom, and near long confined pressure plate, two short confined pressure plates is placed on the steel plate of bottom, and contacts with test block; Top steel plate is placed on long confined pressure plate, with the contacts side surfaces of two short confined pressure plates, forms the test block of enclosed cavity parcel.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described in take the concrete grammar putting supporting construction and be: four ends of " ten " font top steel bracket are connected to base plate respectively by sidepiece steel bracket; Hydraulic jack is inwardly installed respectively by the central authorities of base plate and the central authorities of sidepiece steel bracket; The infall lower end of top steel bracket be connected steel disc I and connect, hydraulic jack respectively by pressure transducer be connected steel disc II ~ VI and connect, each pressure transducer all installs grating scale, top pulleys is installed in the lower end connecting steel disc I, bottom pulley is installed on the top connecting steel disc II, connect steel disc III ~ VI towards inner side equal installation side to pulley; Top pulleys support, top steel plate, bottom pulley support base steel plate, the lateral surface of side direction pulley support four confined pressure plates.
8. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in described step 5), the concrete grammar of the creeping displacement in measurement x direction, y direction is: measured once every 30 minutes in 1 day, measures once after 1 day every 2 hours.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310103132.2A CN103217345B (en) | 2013-03-27 | 2013-03-27 | Device and method for measuring actual triaxial creep of geotechnical engineering test specimen |
| US14/780,848 US9551639B2 (en) | 2013-03-27 | 2013-12-02 | Device and method for measuring true triaxial creep of geotechnical engineering test block |
| PCT/CN2013/001487 WO2014153697A1 (en) | 2013-03-27 | 2013-12-02 | Device for measuring true triaxial creep of geotechnical engineering test block and method therefor |
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| CN201310103132.2A CN103217345B (en) | 2013-03-27 | 2013-03-27 | Device and method for measuring actual triaxial creep of geotechnical engineering test specimen |
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| CN103217345A CN103217345A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
| CN103217345B true CN103217345B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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| CN105716956A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-29 | 山东大学 | Creep test device and control system thereof |
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| WO2014153697A1 (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-02 | 山东大学 | Device for measuring true triaxial creep of geotechnical engineering test block and method therefor |
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| JP2003050188A (en) * | 2001-08-06 | 2003-02-21 | Ichiro Shimizu | Biaxial compression apparatus |
| CN100520345C (en) * | 2004-11-12 | 2009-07-29 | 香港理工大学 | True three-dimensional testing system for rock-soil mechanical property test |
| CN101776506B (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-12-14 | 燕山大学 | Calibrating and loading bench of large multi-dimensional force transducer |
| CN102621012B (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2013-11-20 | 重庆大学 | Multifunctional true triaxial rock creepmeter |
| CN203164066U (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-08-28 | 山东大学 | Device for measuring true triaxial creep of geotechnical engineering test block |
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| CN105716956A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-29 | 山东大学 | Creep test device and control system thereof |
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