CN103200143A - Bit soft information generating method for 16APSK and 32APSK - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a bit soft information generating method for 16APSK and 32APSK. The bit soft information generating method for the 16APSK and the 32APSK is characterized in that judgment zone partition methods corresponding to four bits are respectively offered according to 16APSK constellation mapping and bit soft information is generated based on a minimum distance between a received signal and an edge of a judgment zone; and judgment zone partition methods corresponding to five bits are respectively offered according to 32APSK constellation mapping and bit soft information is generated based on the minimum distance between the received signal and the edge of the judgment zone. The bit soft information generating method for the 16APSK and the 32APSK is based on bit judgment zone partition, each piece of the bit soft information is generated through the minimum distance to the edge of the judgment zone, a large amount of numerical computation is not required, complexity of a high order APSK soft information generating scheme is greatly reduced, and system throughput is improved.

Description

A Method of Generating Bit Soft Information for 16APSK and 32APSK

technical field

The invention relates to the field of satellite communication and broadcast high-order modulation mode demodulation, in particular to a method for generating bit soft information of 16APSK and 32APSK.

Background technique

16APSK and 32APSK have become the main modulation methods of satellite broadcasting (DVB-S2), satellite communication and terrestrial multimedia broadcasting due to their high power efficiency characteristics. In practical applications, due to the combination of efficient coding (such as Turbo code, LDPC code), The demodulator needs to output bits of soft information for decoding. The traditional bit soft information generation methods are mainly divided into two categories. One is the probability-based solution method, such as the classic maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) method and the improved MAX MAP method. The soft information obtained by the MAP method is the most accurate and the complexity The highest, MAX MAP has been improved, and the bit error performance of the corresponding system has a small gap compared with MAP, about 0.2-0.4dB, but the complexity is still very high; the second type is based on the receiving signal point to the sending signal constellation The point Euclidean distance method also requires a large number of square and square root operations, and its hardware implementation complexity is high and the processing speed is slow.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at solving one of the above technical problems at least to a certain extent or at least providing a useful commercial choice. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to propose a method for generating bit soft information for 16APSK and 32APSK, which does not require a large number of numerical calculations, and greatly reduces the computational complexity of generating bit soft information for 16APSK and 32APSK.

According to the 16APSK bit soft information generation method of the embodiment of the present invention, according to the 16APSK constellation mapping, the decision area division method corresponding to 4 bits is respectively given, and the bit soft information is generated based on the minimum distance from the received signal to the decision area boundary.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the following steps are included: S1: Generate the 16APSK Gray mapping constellation diagram adopted by the sender with respect to the horizontal and vertical axes; S2: Generate each bit according to the 0/1 value of each bit of 16APSK Corresponding to the judgment area, the division of the hard judgment area of each bit is not affected by other bits; S3: According to the symmetric characteristics of the judgment area, further divide the judgment area of each bit until the bit soft judgment area in each divided small judgment area The information generation scheme is exactly the same; and S4: Based on the minimum distance from the received signal to the decision domain, generate soft information for each bit.

According to the 32APSK bit soft information generation method of the embodiment of the present invention, according to the 32APSK constellation mapping, the decision area division method corresponding to 5 bits is respectively given, and the bit soft information is generated based on the minimum distance from the received signal to the decision area boundary.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the following steps are included: S1': Generate the 32APSK gray mapping constellation diagram adopted by the sender with respect to the horizontal and vertical axes; S2': According to the 0/1 value of each bit of 32APSK, generate each The judgment area corresponding to each bit, the division of the hard judgment area of each bit is not affected by other bits; S3': according to the symmetric characteristics of the judgment area, further divide the judgment area of each bit until each small judgment area is divided into The bit soft information generation scheme in is exactly the same; and S4': Based on the minimum distance from the received signal to the decision domain, generate soft information for each bit.

The present invention is based on the different representation methods of the minimum distance from the received signal point to the boundary of the judgment area. In the early stage, the constellation diagram is divided into the judgment area in detail according to the bit value, and hard judgment is made to generate the distance from the received signal point to all the judgment areas, and the minimum value is selected to represent The signal points to the soft information of the bit. For each received symbol, the soft information value of its corresponding decision area is directly given without a large number of numerical calculations, which greatly reduces the computational complexity of bit soft information generated by 16APSK and 32APSK, and improves the system throughput.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and comprehensible from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the bit soft information generation method of 16APSK;

Figure 2 is a 16APSK accurate and approximate decision domain constellation diagram;

Fig. 3 is the bit judgment domain of the 0th bit of 16APSK;

Fig. 4 is the bit judgment domain of the 1st bit of 16APSK;

Fig. 5 is the bit judgment domain of the 2nd bit of 16APSK;

Fig. 6 is the bit judgment domain of the 3rd bit of 16APSK;

Fig. 7 is the block diagram of generating the bit soft information of the 2nd bit of 16APSK;

Fig. 8 is a block diagram of the generation process of bit soft information of the 3rd bit of 16APSK;

Fig. 9 is the flow chart of the bit soft information generation method of 32APSK;

Figure 10 is a 32APSK accurate and approximate decision domain constellation;

Fig. 11 is the bit judgment domain of the 0th bit of 32APSK;

Fig. 12 is the bit judgment domain of the 1st bit of 32APSK;

Fig. 13 is the bit judgment domain of the 2nd bit of 32APSK;

Fig. 14 is the bit judgment domain of the 3rd bit of 32APSK;

Fig. 15 is the bit judgment field of the 4th bit of 32APSK;

Figure 16 is a block diagram of the generation process of bit soft information in the 3rd bit of 32APSK; and

Fig. 17 is a block diagram of the generation process of bit soft information of the 4th bit of 32APSK.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Wherein, soft information with a bit value of 0 is represented by a negative value, and soft information with a bit value of 1 is represented by a positive value.

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the bit soft information generation method of 16APSK, comprises the following steps:

S1: Generate a 16APSK Gray mapping constellation diagram adopted by the sender that is symmetrical about the horizontal and vertical axes.

S2: According to the 0/1 value of each bit of 16APSK, generate the decision area corresponding to each bit, and the hard decision area division of each bit is not affected by other bits.

S3: According to the symmetrical characteristics of the decision area, further divide the decision area of each bit until the bit soft information generation schemes in each divided small decision area are completely the same.

S4: Generate soft information for each bit based on the minimum distance from the received signal to the decision domain.

In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, FIG. 1 will be described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 2 to FIG. 8 .

The embodiment of the present invention adopts an approximately accurate decision domain, as shown in FIG. 2 . This judgment method can simply judge the corresponding constellation point area according to the amplitude and phase of the received symbol. According to the constellation mapping given in FIG. 2 , the bit decision field of each bit of 16APSK is generated, as shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 . Next, with reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 8 , the schemes for generating soft information for each bit of 16APSK are respectively described. Assume that the radius of the inner circle of the 16APSK constellation is R1, the radius of the outer circle is R2, Rd=(R1+R2)/2 is the interface between the inner circle and the outer circle, and the bits of 16APSK from high to low are b3, b2, b1 and b0.

1. Generate b0 soft information

As shown in Figure 3, when the quadrature component r _Q of the received signal ≤0, the sending end sends b0=0. Conversely, when the quadrature component of the received signal r _Q >0, the sender sends b0=1, then the soft information of b0 can be expressed as: L(b ₀ )=r _Q .

2. Generate b1 soft information

As shown in Fig. 4, when the in-phase component r _I of the received signal ≤0, the sending end sends b1=0. Conversely, when the in-phase component of the received signal r _I >0, the sending end sends b1=1, then the soft information of b1 is expressed as: L(b ₁ )=r _I .

3. Generate b2 soft information

表示接收信号的幅值信息，采用ρ=r_Q/r_I表示其相位信息。下面结合图5对图7进行详细说明。As shown in Figure 5, its decision domain is relatively complicated, and Figure 7 is a flow chart of bit soft information generation for the second bit b2 of 16APSK, wherein, using

Represents the amplitude information of the received signal, and uses ρ=r _Q /r _I to represent its phase information. FIG. 7 will be described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 5 .

Step 701: Analysis of Figure 5 shows that the bit decision field of b2 is symmetrical about the I axis and the Q axis, so firstly the received symbols are processed as follows: Rx_symbol=abs(r _Q )+i*abs(r _I ), so that the received symbols All symbols are mapped to the first quadrant, so only the first quadrant needs to be analyzed.

和相位的量ρ=r_Q/r_I。Step 703: Calculate the quantity representing the magnitude of the received signal

And the amount of phase ρ=r _Q /r _I .

Step 705: Determine whether the amplitude of the signal is smaller than Rd, and determine whether the signal corresponds to the inner circle constellation point or the outer circle constellation point. If the signal amplitude is smaller than Rd, perform step 707, and if the signal amplitude is greater than Rd, perform step 713.

Step 707: Determine whether its phase is smaller than π/6, if it is smaller than π/6, go to step 709, otherwise go to step 711.

，由图5可知，信号落在OAB区，离此区域信号点最近的判决区域边界（或点）为点B，因此用接收符号到B点的距离表示此区域符号b2的软信息，为负值，即：

其中，b_Q=Rdcos(π/6)和b_I=Rdsin(π/6)分别表示B点的实部和虚部。Step 709: ρ is less than

, it can be seen from Figure 5 that the signal falls in the OAB area, and the boundary (or point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is point B, so the distance from the received symbol to point B represents the soft information of the symbol b2 in this area, which is negative value, namely:

Among them, b _Q =Rdcos(π/6) and b _I =Rdsin(π/6) represent the real part and imaginary part of point B respectively.

Step 711: ρ is greater than , it can be seen from Figure 5 that the signal falls in the OBC area, and the boundary (or point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd, so this area is represented by the distance from the received symbol to the circular surface with a radius of Rd The soft information of symbol b2 is a negative value, namely: L(b ₂ )=r-Rd.

Step 713: Determine whether its phase is smaller than π/6, if it is smaller than π/6, go to step 715, otherwise go to step 717.

,由图5可知，信号落在ABED区，离此区域信号点最近的判决区域边界为到相位为π/6的圆射线，这与将信号顺时针旋转π/6后到实轴的距离相等，而后者即是旋转后符号的虚部值，为负值。因此，此区域符号b2的软信息可表示为：L(b₂)=imag(Rx_symbol·exp(-π/6))。Step 715: ρ is less than

, It can be seen from Figure 5 that the signal falls in the ABED area, and the boundary of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular ray with a phase of π/6, which is equal to the distance from the real axis after the signal is rotated clockwise by π/6 , and the latter is the imaginary part of the rotated sign, which is a negative value. Therefore, the soft information of the region symbol b2 can be expressed as: L(b ₂ )=imag(Rx_symbol·exp(-π/6)).

，由图5可知，信号落在BCFE区，离此区域信号点最近的判决区域边界（或点）为半径为Rd的圆面或者相位为π/6的圆射线，用接收符号到半径为Rd的圆面的距离和到相位为π/6的圆射线的距离中较小者表示此区域符号b2的软信息，为正值，即：L(b₂)=min((r-Rd),imag(Rx_symbol·exp(-π/6)))。Step 717: If ρ is greater than

, it can be seen from Figure 5 that the signal falls in the BCFE area, and the boundary (or point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd or a circular ray with a phase of π/6. The smaller of the distance to the circular surface of , and the distance to the circular ray with phase π/6 represents the soft information of the symbol b2 in this region, which is positive, namely: L(b ₂ )=min((r-Rd), imag(Rx_symbol exp(-π/6))).

4. Generate b3 soft information

As shown in Figure 6, the decision domain also needs to be divided according to the representation method of the minimum distance to the decision plane. Figure 8 is a flow chart of bit soft information generation in the third bit b3 of 16APSK. Because the bit decision domain of b3 is also symmetrical about the I axis and the Q axis, it is only necessary to analyze the soft information generation scheme of the first quadrant, and since the received symbols have been mapped to the first quadrant when generating the soft information of b2, there is no need to Map again. FIG. 8 will be described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 6 .

和相位的量ρ=r_Q/r_I。Step 801: Calculate the quantity representing the magnitude of the received signal

And the amount of phase ρ=r _Q /r _I .

Step 803: Determine whether the amplitude of the signal is smaller than Rd, and determine whether the signal corresponds to the inner circle constellation point or the outer circle constellation point. If the amplitude of the signal is smaller than Rd, go to step 805, otherwise go to step 811.

。如果其相位小于π/3，则执行步骤807，否则执行步骤809。Step 805: Determine whether its phase is less than π/3, that is, whether ρ=r _Q /r _I is less than

. If its phase is less than π/3, go to step 807, otherwise go to step 809.

Step 807: As can be seen from Figure 6, the signal falls in the OAB area, and the boundary (or point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd, so it is represented by the distance from the received symbol to the circular surface with a radius of Rd The soft information of symbol b3 in this area is a negative value, namely: L(b ₃ )=r-Rd.

，其中，b_Q=Rd·cos(π/3)和b_I=Rd·sin(π/3)分别表示B点的实部和虚部。因为此判决域是0域，所以此比特软信息是负值。Step 809: As can be seen from Figure 6, the signal falls in the OBC area, and the nearest decision area boundary (or point) from the signal point in this area is point B, so the softness of the symbol b3 in this area is represented by the distance from the received symbol to point B. information, which is a negative value, that is:

, where b _Q =Rd·cos(π/3) and b _I =Rd·sin(π/3) denote the real part and imaginary part of point B, respectively. Since this decision field is a 0 field, this bit soft information is a negative value.

。如果其相位小于π/3，则执行步骤813，否则执行步骤815。Step 811: Determine whether its phase is less than π/3, that is, whether ρ=r _Q /r _I is less than

. If its phase is less than π/3, go to step 813, otherwise go to step 815.

Step 813: It can be seen from Figure 6 that the signal falls in the ABED area, and the boundary (point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd or a circular ray with a phase of π/3, and the latter is the symbol rotation The negative value of the imaginary part after π/3, the soft information of the symbol b3 in this area is represented by the smaller of the distance from the received symbol to the circular surface with radius Rd and the distance to the circular ray with phase π/3, which is positive value, namely: L(b ₃ )=min(r-Rd,-imag(Rx_symbol·exp(-π/3))).

Step 815: It can be seen from Fig. 6 that the signal falls in the BCFE area, and the boundary (point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular ray with a phase of π/3, then the soft information of the symbol b3 in this area is a negative value, which can be Expressed as: L(b ₃ )=-imag(Rx_symbol·exp(-π/3)).

By adopting the above scheme, the soft information of each bit of 16APSK is given.

Fig. 9 is the flow chart of bit soft information generation method of 32APSK, comprises the following steps:

S1': Generate a 32APSK Gray mapping constellation diagram adopted by the sender that is symmetrical about the horizontal and vertical axes.

S2': According to the 0/1 value of each bit of 32APSK, generate the decision area corresponding to each bit, and the hard decision area division of each bit is not affected by other bits.

S3': According to the symmetrical characteristics of the decision area, further divide the decision area of each bit until the bit soft information generation schemes in each divided small decision area are completely the same.

S4': Generate soft information for each bit based on the minimum distance from the received signal to the decision domain.

In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, FIG. 9 will be described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 10 to FIG. 17 .

The embodiment of the present invention adopts an approximately precise decision domain, as shown in FIG. 10 . According to the constellation mapping of 32APSK given in Figure 10, the bit decision field of each bit of 32APSK is generated, as shown in Figure 11 to Figure 15, so that the soft information calculation scheme of each bit of 32APSK can be obtained by solving the method of the minimum distance to the decision field . Next, with reference to FIG. 11 to FIG. 17 , the schemes for generating soft information for each bit of 32APSK are respectively described. Assume that the radius of the inner circle of the 32APSK constellation is R1′, the radius of the middle circle is R2′, and the radius of the outer circle is R3′, Rd1=(R1′+R2′)/2 is the interface between the inner circle and the middle circle, Rd2=( R2'+R3')/2 is the interface between the middle circle and the outer circle, and the bits of 32APSK are b4', b3', b2', b1' and b0' respectively from high to low.

1. Generate b0'soft information

As shown in Figure 11, when the quadrature component r _Q ′ of the received signal ≤ 0, the sender sends b0′=0, otherwise, when the quadrature component r _Q ′>0 of the received signal, the sender sends b0′=1, Then the soft information of b0' can be expressed as: L(b0')=r _Q '.

2. Generate b1'soft information

As shown in Figure 12, when the in-phase component r _I ′ of the received symbol ≤ 0, the transmitter sends b1’=0, otherwise, when the in-phase component r _I ′>0 of the received signal, the transmitter sends b1’=1, so b1 ’ The soft information is expressed as: L(b1′)=r _I ′.

3. Generate b2'soft information

As shown in Figure 13, the soft information of b2' of all symbols can be expressed as the distance of the circular surface with radius Rd2 of the received symbol, namely: L(b2')=r'-Rd.

4. Generate b3'soft information

表征接收信号的幅值信息，采用ρ′=r_Q′/r_I′表征接收信号的相位信息，下面将结合图14对图16进行详细说明。Figure 14 is the bit judgment domain of the 3rd bit b3' of 32APSK, and Figure 16 is a block diagram of the bit soft information generation process of the 3rd bit b3' of 32APSK, using

The amplitude information of the received signal is represented, and the phase information of the received signal is represented by ρ′=r _Q ′/r _I ′. The following will describe Fig. 16 in detail in conjunction with Fig. 14 .

Step 1601: Analyzing Figure 14, it can be seen that the bit decision field of b3' is symmetrical about the I axis and the Q axis, so the received symbols are first mapped to the first quadrant, so that only the first quadrant needs to be analyzed. That is, the following processing is performed:

Rx_symbol'=abs(r _Q ')+i'*abs(r _I ').

和表征信号相位的量ρ′=r_Q′/r_I′。Step 1603: Calculate the quantity representing the magnitude of the received signal

And the quantity ρ′=r _Q ′/r _I ′ that characterizes the signal phase.

Step 1605: Judging the magnitude r' of the signal, and determining whether the signal corresponds to the inner circle, the middle circle or the outer circle of the constellation diagram. If r'<Rd1, execute step 1607; if Rd1<=r'<Rd2, execute step 1613; if r'>=Rd2, execute step 1621.

.如果其相位小于π/6，则执行步骤1609，否则执行步骤1611。Step 1607: Determine whether its phase is smaller than π/6, that is, whether ρ′=r _Q ′/r _I ′ is smaller than

. If its phase is smaller than π/6, go to step 1609, otherwise go to step 1611.

其中，b_Q′=Rd1·cos(π/6)和b_I′=Rd1·sin(π/6)分别表示B点的实部和虚部。Step 1609: As can be seen from Figure 14, the signal falls in the OAB area, and the boundary (point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is point B, so the b3' soft information of the symbol in this area is represented by the distance from the received symbol to point B, is a negative value, that is:

Among them, b _Q ′=Rd1·cos(π/6) and b _I ′=Rd1·sin(π/6) represent the real part and imaginary part of point B respectively.

Step 1611: As can be seen from Figure 14, the signal falls in the OBD area, and the boundary (point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd1, so the distance from the received symbol to the circular surface with a radius of Rd1 is used to represent this The b3' soft information of the area symbol is negative, that is: L(b3')=r'-Rd1.

Step 1613: Determine its phase range. If its phase belongs to [0, π/6], then execute step 1615, if its phase belongs to [π/6, π/4], then execute step 1617, if its phase belongs to [π/4, π/2], Then execute step 1619.

Step 1615: It can be seen from Figure 14 that the signal falls in the ABFE area, and the boundary of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular ray with a phase of π/6, which is the same as the signal that rotates clockwise by π/6 to the real axis The distances are equal, and the latter is the negative of the imaginary part of the rotated sign. Therefore, the b3′ soft information of this area symbol can be expressed as:

L(b3')=-imag(Rx_symbol'·exp(-π/6)).

Step 1617: It can be seen from Figure 14 that the signal falls in the BCGF area, and the boundary (point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd1, a circular surface with a radius of Rd2 or a circular ray with a phase of π/6 , then the b3' soft information of this area symbol can be expressed as: L(b3')=min(r'-Rd1,-(r'-Rd2), imag(Rx_symbol'·exp(-π/6))).

Step 1619: As can be seen from Figure 14, the signal falls in the CDHG area, and the boundary (point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd1, point G or a circular ray with a phase of π/6, then this area The b3′ soft information of the symbol can be expressed as: $L\left(b{3}^{\&prime;}\right)=\min (r^{\&prime;}-\mathrm{Rd}1,\sqrt{{(r_Q^{\&prime;}-g_Q^{\&prime;})}^2+{(r_I^{\&prime;}-g_I^{\&prime;})}^2},\mathrm{imag}({\mathrm{Rx}\_\mathrm{symbol}}^{\&prime;}\&CenterDot;\exp (-\mathrm{\&pi;}/6)))$ , where g _Q ′=Rd2·cos(π/4) and g _I ′=Rd2·sin(π/4) represent the real part and imaginary part of point G respectively.

Step 1621: Determine its phase range. If its phase belongs to [0, π/6], then execute step 1623, if its phase belongs to [π/6, π/4], then execute step 1625, if its phase belongs to [π/4, π/2], Then execute step 1627 .

其中，f_Q′=Rd2·cos(π/6)和f_I′=Rd2·sin(π/6)分别表示F点的实部和虚部。Step 1623: As can be seen from Figure 14, the signal falls in the EFIG area, and the boundary of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is point F, then the b3' soft information of the symbol in this area can be expressed as:

Among them, f _Q ′=Rd2·cos(π/6) and f _I ′=Rd2·sin(π/6) represent the real part and imaginary part of point F respectively.

Step 1625: It can be seen from Figure 14 that the signal falls in the FGKJ area, and the boundary (point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd2 or a circular ray with a phase of π/4, then the symbol b3 of this area 'Soft information can be expressed as: L(b3')=max(r'-Rd2, imag(Rx_symbol'·exp(-π/4))), because both are negative values, so take the larger value to represent smaller distance.

Step 1627: It can be seen from Figure 14 that the signal falls in the GHLK area, and the boundary (point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd1 or a circular ray with a phase of π/4, then the symbol b3 of this area 'Soft information can be expressed as: L(b3')=max(r'-Rd1, imag(Rx_symbol'·exp(-π/4))).

5. Generate b4'soft information

As shown in Figure 15, the decision domain also needs to be divided according to the representation of the minimum distance to the decision plane. It is not difficult to find that the bit decision domain is symmetrical about a circular ray with a phase of π/4. In the information generation process, only the decision process of [0, π/4] is made, as shown in Figure 17. [π/4,π/2] is symmetric with it. Because the bit decision domain of b4 is also symmetrical about the I axis and the Q axis, it is only necessary to analyze the soft information generation scheme of the first quadrant. Moreover, since the received symbols have been mapped to the first quadrant when the b3 soft information is generated, there is no need to map again. FIG. 17 will be described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 15 .

Step 101:

和表征信号相位的量ρ=r_Q/r_I。Computes the quantity that characterizes the magnitude of the received signal

And the quantity ρ=r _Q /r _I that characterizes the phase of the signal.

Step 201:

Determine the magnitude of the signal to determine whether the signal corresponds to the inner circle, the middle circle, or the outer circle of the constellation diagram.

Step 301:

If the signal amplitude is smaller than Rd ₁ , determine the range to which its phase belongs.

Step 302:

或大于,由图五可知，信号落在OAC或者OFE区，离此区域信号点最近的判决区域边界（或点）为半径为Rd₁的圆面，因此此区域符号的b4比特软信息可表示为：Case1: If ρ is less than

or greater than , It can be seen from Figure 5 that the signal falls in the OAC or OFE area, and the boundary (or point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd ₁ , so the b4-bit soft information of the symbol in this area can be expressed as:

L(b ₄ )=r-Rd ₁

且小于1，由图五可知，信号落在OCD区，离此区域信号点最近的判决区域边界（或点）为点F，因此用接收符号到点C的距离表示此区域符号b4的软信息，即：Case2: If ρ is greater than or equal to

and is less than 1. It can be seen from Figure 5 that the signal falls in the OCD area, and the boundary (or point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is point F, so the distance from the received symbol to point C represents the soft information of the symbol b4 in this area ,Right now:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}$

Among them, c _Q =Rd ₁ ·cos(π/6) and c _I =Rd ₁ ·sin(π/6) denote the real part and imaginary part of point C, respectively.

,由图五可知，信号落在ODE区，离此区域信号点最近的判决区域边界（或点）为点E，则区域符号b4的软信息为：Case3: If ρ is greater than or equal to 1 and less than

, It can be seen from Figure 5 that the signal falls in the ODE area, and the boundary (or point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is point E, then the soft information of the area symbol b4 is:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; e</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; e</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}$

Among them, e _Q =Rd ₁ ·cos(π/3) and e _I =Rd ₁ ·sin(π/3) represent the real part and imaginary part of point E, respectively.

Step 401:

If the signal amplitude is greater than or equal to Rd ₁ and less than Rd ₂ , determine the range to which its phase belongs.

Step 402:

Case1: If ρ is less than tan(π/8), it can be seen from Figure 15 that the signal falls in the ABHG area, and the boundary of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface or point H with a radius of Rd _1. Therefore, the symbol of this area The soft information of b2 can be expressed as:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; min</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Rd</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; imag</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Rx</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; symbol</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; exp</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Among them, h _Q =Rd ₂ ·cos(π/8) and h _I =Rd ₂ ·sin(π/8) denote the real part and imaginary part of point H, respectively.

,由图15可知，信号落在BCIH区，离此区域信号点最近的判决区域边界（或点）为半径为Rd₁的圆面、半径为Rd₂的圆面或者相位为π/6的圆射线，则此区域符号b3的软信息可表示为：Case2: If ρ is greater than or equal to tan(π/8) and less than

, It can be seen from Figure 15 that the signal falls in the BCIH area, and the boundary (or point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd ₁ , a circular surface with a radius of Rd ₂ , or a circle with a phase of π/6 ray, then the soft information of symbol b3 in this area can be expressed as:

L(b ₄ )=min(r-Rd ₁ ，-(r-Rd ₂ ),-imag(Rx_symbol·exp(-π/6)))

且小于1，由图15可知，信号落在CDJI区，离此区域信号点最近的判决区域边界（或点）为相位为π/6的圆射线，则此区域符号b4的软信息可表示为：Case3: If ρ is greater than or equal to

and less than 1, it can be seen from Figure 15 that the signal falls in the CDJI area, and the decision area boundary (or point) closest to the signal point in this area is a circular ray with a phase of π/6, then the soft information of the symbol b4 in this area can be expressed as :

L(b ₄ )=-imag(Rx_symbol·exp(-π/6))

Case4: If ρ is greater than or equal to 1 and less than , it can be seen from Figure 15 that the signal falls in the EDKJ area, and the decision area boundary (or point) closest to the signal point in this area is a circular ray with a phase of π/3, then the soft information of the symbol b4 in this area can be expressed as:

L(b ₄ )=imag(Rx_symbol·exp(-π/3))

Case5: If ρ is greater than or equal to 1 and less than tan(3π/8), it can be seen from Figure 15 that the signal falls in the EVLK area, and the boundary (or point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd ₁ , a circular surface with a radius of Rd ₂ or a circular ray with a phase of π/3, then the soft information of the symbol b3 in this area can be expressed as:

L(b ₄ )=min(r-Rd ₁ ,-(r-Rd ₂ ),imag(Rx_symbol·exp(-π/3)))

Case6: If ρ is greater than or equal to tan(3π/8), it can be seen from Figure 15 that the signal falls in the VFML area, and the boundary (or point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd ₁ , point L Or the circular ray whose phase is π/3, then the soft information of symbol b4 in this region can be expressed as:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>\text{<span class="notranslate"> =min</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Rd</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; imag</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Rx</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; symbol</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; exp</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Among them, l _Q =Rd ₂ ·cos(π/3) and l _I =Rd ₂ ·sin(π/3) denote the real part and the imaginary part of point L respectively.

Step 501:

If the signal amplitude is greater than Rd ₂ , determine the range to which its phase belongs.

Step 502:

Case1: If ρ is smaller than tan(π/8), it can be seen from Figure 15 that the signal falls in the GHNO area, and the boundary of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular ray with a phase of π/8, then the soft key of symbol b4 in this area Information can be expressed as:

L(b ₄ )=-imag(Rx_symbol·exp(-π/8)

，由图5可知，信号落在HIOP区，离此区域信号点最近的判决区域边界（或点）为半径为Rd₂的圆面或者相位为π/8的圆射线，则此区域符号b4的软信息可表示为：Case2: If ρ is greater than tan(π/8) and less than or equal to

, it can be seen from Figure 5 that the signal falls in the HIOP area, and the boundary (or point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd ₂ or a circular ray with a phase of π/8, then the symbol b4 of this area Soft information can be expressed as:

L(b ₄ )=max(r-Rd ₂ ,-imag(Rx_symbol·exp(-π/8)))

Since both are negative values, the larger value represents a smaller distance.

Case3: If ρ is greater than 1/3 and less than or equal to 1, it can be seen from Figure 5 that the signal falls in the IJQP area, and the boundary (or point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is point I or a circle with a phase of π/8 ray, then the soft information of symbol b4 in this area can be expressed as:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; max</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; imag</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Rx</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; symbol</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; exp</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 8</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>$

Wherein, I _Q =Rd ₂ ·cos(π/6) and I _I =Rd ₂ ·sin(π/6) represent the real part and the imaginary part of point I respectively.

，由图5可知，信号落在JKRQ区，离此区域信号点最近的判决区域边界（或点）为点K或者相位为3π/8的圆射线，则此区域符号b4的软信息可表示为：Case4: If ρ is greater than 1 and less than or equal to

, it can be seen from Figure 5 that the signal falls in the JKRQ area, and the decision area boundary (or point) closest to the signal point in this area is point K or a circular ray with a phase of 3π/8, then the soft information of symbol b4 in this area can be expressed as :

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; max</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; imag</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Rx</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; symbol</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; exp</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 8</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>$

Among them, k _Q =Rd ₂ ·cos(π/3) and k _I =Rd ₂ ·sin(π/3) represent the real part and the imaginary part of the K point, respectively.

且小于或者等于tan(3π/8)，由图5可知，信号落在KLSR区，离此区域信号点最近的判决区域边界（或点）为半径为Rd₂的圆面或者相位为3π/8的圆射线，则此区域符号b4的软信息可表示为：Case5: If ρ is greater than

And less than or equal to tan(3π/8), it can be seen from Figure 5 that the signal falls in the KLSR area, and the boundary (or point) of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular surface with a radius of Rd ₂ or a phase of 3π/8 , then the soft information of symbol b4 in this area can be expressed as:

L(b ₄ )=max(r-Rd ₂ ,imag(Rx_symbol·exp(-3π/8)))

Since both are negative values, the larger value represents a smaller distance.

Case6: If ρ is greater than tan(3π/8), it can be seen from Figure 5 that the signal falls in the LMTS area, and the boundary of the decision area closest to the signal point in this area is a circular ray with a phase of 3π/8, then the soft key of symbol b4 in this area Information can be expressed as:

L(b ₄ )=imag(Rx_symbol·exp(-3π/8)

It should be noted that since there are too many divisions of bit4, it is impossible to present all the cases in Figure 17. Therefore, only the corresponding cases in the range of (0,π/4] are drawn in Figure 17. Various cases.

The present invention is based on the detailed division of the bit judgment area, uses the minimum distance to the boundary of the bit judgment area to generate each bit soft information, does not require a large number of numerical calculations, greatly reduces the complexity of the high-order APSK soft information generation scheme, and improves system throughput.

The present invention describes the 16APSK and 32APSK soft information generation schemes in detail, so that those skilled in the art can use or utilize the present invention. Various modifications to the embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention is not limited to the soft information generation of the two modulation modes of 16APSK and 32APSK, but should be extended to the widest range consistent with the principles and features disclosed by the present invention.

Any process or method descriptions in flowcharts or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent modules, segments or portions of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process , and the scope of preferred embodiments of the invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, which shall It is understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention pertain.

In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limitations to the present invention. Variations, modifications, substitutions, and modifications to the above-described embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. the bit soft information generation method of a 16APSK is characterized in that, according to the 16APSK constellation mapping, provides the decision region division methods of 4 bit correspondences respectively, generates bit soft information based on receiving the minimum range of signal to the decision region border.

2. the bit soft information generation method of 16APSK according to claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:

S1: generate the 16APSK gray mappings planisphere about horizontal longitudinal axis symmetry that transmit leg adopts;

S2: according to 0/1 value of each bit of 16APSK, generate the decision region of each bit correspondence, the influence that is not subjected to other bits is divided in the zone of declaring firmly of each bit;

S3: according to the symmetry characteristic of decision region, further divide the decision region of each bit, it is identical that the bit soft information in each the little decision region that is divided into generates scheme; And

S4: based on receiving the minimum range of signal to the judgement territory, generate the soft information of each bit.

3. the bit soft information generation method of a 32APSK is characterized in that, according to the 32APSK constellation mapping, provides the decision region division methods of 5 bit correspondences respectively, generates bit soft information based on receiving the minimum range of signal to the decision region border.

4. the bit soft information generation method of 32APSK according to claim 3 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:

S1': generate the 32APSK gray mappings planisphere about horizontal longitudinal axis symmetry that transmit leg adopts;

S2': according to 0/1 value of each bit of 32APSK, generate the decision region of each bit correspondence, the division of the hard critical region of each bit is not subjected to the influence of other bits;

S3': according to the symmetry characteristic of decision region, further divide the decision region of each bit, it is identical that the bit soft information in each the little decision region that is divided into generates scheme; And

S4': based on receiving the minimum range of signal to the judgement territory, generate the soft information of each bit.

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