CN103170628B - Manufacturing method of neodymium iron boron based on three-dimensional (3D) printing technology - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of neodymium iron boron based on three-dimensional (3D) printing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103170628B CN103170628B CN201310078387.8A CN201310078387A CN103170628B CN 103170628 B CN103170628 B CN 103170628B CN 201310078387 A CN201310078387 A CN 201310078387A CN 103170628 B CN103170628 B CN 103170628B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of neodymium iron boron based on a three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. Three-dimensional model modeling is conducted on a product through a computer, three-dimensional model modeling data are transmitted to a 3D printer, a plurality of continuous layered planar graphs are generated by utilizing the computer aided engineering (CAE) technology, a nozzle of the 3D printer is controlled to fill powder according to the planar graphs, and the powder is accumulated layer by layer and is magnetized until the product is formed. A large amount of mold development cost is saved, production phase is shortened, and production efficiency is improved greatly. The size of the manufactured product can be changed arbitrarily, the method is suitable for heterotypic products which are large in machining difficulty, the thickness of the product can be smaller than 1mm, the product can be assembled and used conveniently by a client, and the requirements that a micro motor develops towards the directions of being small in size, ultrathin, high in speed, high in precision and low in noise are satisfied.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the neodymium iron boron based on 3D printing technique.
Background technology
NdFeB material, as one of most important application of rare earth material, is one of important foundation material supporting hyundai electronics information industry, closely bound up with the life of people.Along with the high speed development of the universal of the communication apparatus such as computer, mobile phone, automobile circuit and energy-saving automobile, rare earth permanent-magnetic material has become the important materials in electronic technology communication, is used in the travelling-wave tubes of the aspect such as artificial satellite, radar, circulator and on micromachine, micro recorder, aeronautical instrument, electronic watch, seismic detector and some other electronic instrument.Current rare earth permanent magnet application has penetrated into the aspects such as automobile, household electrical appliance, electronic instrument, Magnetic resonance imaging, stereo set, small and special electric machine, mobile phone.In medical, use rare earth permanent-magnetic material to carry out " acipoint magnetotheraphy ", curative effect is greatly improved, thus facilitates the rapid popularization of " acipoint magnetotheraphy ".In the every field of application rare earth, rare earth permanent-magnetic material is with the fastest developing speed one.It brings huge motive force not only to the development of Rare-earth Industry, also produces suitable far-reaching influence to many related industries.The demand of the world to high-performance rare-earth permanent magnet material increases rapidly.1998 world's neodymium iron boron (comprising sintered magnet and bonded permanent magnet) output up to 11300 tons, annual growth all remains on more than 30% in recent years.Attracting people's attention soon of rare earth permanent-magnetic material development.
Moulding process such as preparing traditional handicraft many employings mold pressing of neodymium iron boron, inject, extrude, moulding process such as adopting mold pressing, inject, extrude needs the mould of a large amount of different size, these can consume a large amount of costs and take up an area space, and the maintenance in later stage also needs a large amount of manpowers, add designing and making mould and can need the longer cycle, these will delay in delivery phase or cause can not punctual delivery.In addition, adopt the blank dimension of the shaping production of traditional handicraft can not accomplish accurately to put in place, the later stage also needs to carry out machined to it, is unfavorable for the change of magnet specification, and processing cost is very high, the magnet simultaneously making ultrathin (being less than 1 millimeter) has very large difficulty of processing.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the preparation method providing a kind of neodymium iron boron based on 3D printing technique, a large amount of mould development expenses can be saved by the method, shorten the production cycle, production efficiency significantly improves, and substantially reduces the manufacture difficulty of the magnet of ultrathin (being less than 1 millimeter).
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: a kind of preparation method of the neodymium iron boron based on 3D printing technique, and it comprises the following steps:
(1), neodymium iron boron powder, binding agent and processing aid are forged into even-grained neodymium iron boron granulation; Wherein neodymium iron boron powder is 90 ~ 94%, and binding agent is 5 ~ 8%, and processing aid is 1 ~ 2%; Above-mentioned percentage is mass percent;
(2), the neodymium iron boron granulation of making is loaded in the powder box of 3D printer;
(3), according to the shape and size of product, in computer, three-dimensional modeling is carried out by computer software;
(4), described computer is connected with described 3D printer; The three-dimensional modeling data of product is transferred to the digiverter in 3D printer by described computer; The data received are carried out digital-to-analogue conversion by described digiverter; Three-dimensional modeling layer after conversion is also pressed layer and is decomposed by described digiverter, forms the plane of a series of continuous sequence number from bottom to top; Convert these planes to CAE program again;
(5), by CAE programme-control, the neodymium iron boron granulation in powder box is sprayed on the heating model workbench in the guard chamber with protective gas by nozzle; The heating-up temperature of heating model workbench is 20 ~ 900 DEG C; By the effect of the heating-up temperature of heating model workbench, spray binding agent in the neodymium iron boron granulation on heating model workbench and processing aid can dissolve and is bonded together by neodymium iron boron powder, successively accumulation bonding mutually; Described 3D printer has printed, formed product.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: by computer, three-dimensional modeling is carried out to product, again three-dimensional modeling data is transferred to 3D printer, recycling CAE technology produces the plane of some continuous stratifications, according to plane control 3D printer nozzle, powder is filled, successively accumulate and magnetize, until formed product.Thus saved a large amount of mould development expenses, shorten the production cycle, production efficiency significantly improves.Product size can change arbitrarily, is applicable to the special-shaped products that difficulty of processing is very large, and products thickness can be less than 1mm, is convenient to client and assembles use, meet small and special electric machine to small-sized, ultra-thin, at a high speed, the requirement of high accuracy and low noise future development.
In step (5), neodymium iron boron powder, in the process that successively accumulation also bonds mutually, by the effect of the magnetic field generator in guard chamber, successively magnetizes to Nd-Fe-B powder last layer simultaneously.
In step (3), when three-dimensional modeling is carried out to product, in computer, manually input data according to the shape and size of product and carry out three-dimensional modeling.
In step (3), when three-dimensional modeling is carried out to product, by 3D scanning means, 3D scanning is carried out to product; 3D scanning means is connected with computer; Data after scanning are transferred to computer by described 3D scanning means, and computer carries out three-dimensional modeling according to these data again.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of product one.
Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic diagram of product one.
Fig. 3 is the right TV structure schematic diagram of product one.
Fig. 4 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of product two.
Fig. 5 is the plan structure schematic diagram of product two.
Fig. 6 is the right TV structure schematic diagram of product two.
Fig. 7 is the perspective view of product three.
Fig. 8 is the perspective view of product four.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are further described.
The preparation method of the neodymium iron boron based on 3D printing technique of the present invention, it comprises the following steps:
(1), neodymium iron boron powder, binding agent and processing aid are forged into even-grained neodymium iron boron granulation.Wherein neodymium iron boron powder is 90 ~ 94%, and binding agent is 5 ~ 8%, and processing aid is 1 ~ 2%, and above-mentioned percentage is mass percent.Neodymium iron boron granulation is made and is formed under special process, the Agglutinate neodymium-iron-boron crosslinking curing within specified temperatures that it can impel 3D to print.The concrete technology making neodymium iron boron granulation is: the operations such as neodymium iron boron begins to take shape neodymium iron boron powder through too fast war technology, and then accurately processes neodymium iron boron powder, such as polishing; Subsequently in neodymium iron boron powder, increase binding agent, processing aid, the granulation of final formation neodymium iron boron.
(2), the neodymium iron boron granulation of making is loaded in the powder box of 3D printer.
(3), according to the shape and size of product, in computer, three-dimensional modeling is carried out by computer software.If product is drawing, in computer, manually inputs data according to the shape and size of product and carry out three-dimensional modeling.If product is in kind, by 3D scanning means, 3D scanning is carried out to product; 3D scanning means is connected with computer; Data after scanning are transferred to computer by described 3D scanning means, and computer carries out three-dimensional modeling according to these data again.In this specific embodiment, described computer software is AutoCAD software.
(4), described computer is connected with described 3D printer.The three-dimensional modeling data of product is transferred to the digiverter in 3D printer by described computer.The data received are carried out digital-to-analogue conversion by described digiverter.Three-dimensional modeling layer after conversion is also pressed layer and is decomposed by described digiverter, forms the plane of a series of continuous sequence number from bottom to top; Convert these planes to CAE program again.3D printer is prior art, and the digiverter thus in 3D printer is also prior art, does not repeat them here.
(5), by CAE programme-control, the neodymium iron boron granulation in powder box is sprayed on the heating model workbench in the guard chamber with protective gas by nozzle.Protective gas in described guard chamber can be nitrogen, argon gas or carbon dioxide etc.The effect of described guard chamber to prevent neodymium iron boron to be oxidized.The heating-up temperature of described heating model workbench is 20 ~ 900 DEG C.By the effect of the heating-up temperature of heating model workbench, spray binding agent in the neodymium iron boron granulation on heating model workbench and processing aid can dissolve and is bonded together by neodymium iron boron powder, successively accumulation bonding mutually.Described 3D printer has printed, formed product.
In step (5), according to the requirement to product, can corresponding technique be carried out:
If 1 only needs formed product, heating model workbench is heated just plastic at 20 ~ 100 DEG C of products.After formed product, take out product, then product is burnt in stove in baking dry or vacuum-sintering solidifying in vacuum sintering furnace.
2, if desired formed product solidifying, heating model workbench can be heated just plastic and solidify at 900 DEG C of products, settles at one go.
3, if desired magnetize in shaping process to product, neodymium iron boron powder, in the process that successively accumulation also bonds mutually, by the effect of the magnetic field generator in guard chamber, successively magnetizes to Nd-Fe-B powder last layer simultaneously.
The high speed nozzle of the 3D printer in 3D printing equipment, magnetic field generator and heating model workbench are all arranged in guard chamber.
Below a few money product made according to the method for the present invention and density thereof:
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, product one, after method machine-shaping of the present invention, through measuring, the neodymium iron boron magnetic body density d=4.5-6.5 g/cm after shaping
3, (BH) max=31-35.8KJ/m3.And neodymium iron boron magnetic body density d=3.6-6.23 g/cm prepared by traditional handicraft
3, (BH) max=70KJ/m3.
As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, product two, after method machine-shaping of the present invention, through measuring, neodymium iron boron magnetic body density d=6.34 g/cm after shaping
3, (BH) max=75KJ/m3.And neodymium iron boron magnetic body density d=6.25 g/cm prepared by traditional handicraft
3, (BH) max=71KJ/m3.
As shown in Figure 7, product three, after method machine-shaping of the present invention, through measuring, neodymium iron boron magnetic body density d=6.36 g/cm after shaping
3, (BH) max=76KJ/m3.And neodymium iron boron magnetic body density d=6.26 g/cm prepared by traditional handicraft
3, (BH) max=72KJ/m3.
As shown in Figure 8, product four, after method machine-shaping of the present invention, through measuring, neodymium iron boron magnetic body density d=6.38 g/cm after shaping
3, (BH) max=77KJ/m3.And neodymium iron boron magnetic body density d=6.27 g/cm prepared by traditional handicraft
3, (BH) max=73KJ/m3.
Can obtain according to above-mentioned data analysis, the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet that the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet printed by this method and traditional handicraft are processed, performance is suitable, but the opening period of the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet of traditional handicraft processing was about for 1 week, and the modeling time of the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet that 3D prints only needs several minutes, efficiency improves hundreds thousand of times.In addition, the die sinking expense of the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet of traditional handicraft processing is about thousands of to tens thousand of, and the modeling expense of the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet that 3D prints is almost nil, and cost is saved greatly, and low-carbon environment-friendly.
Claims (3)
1., based on a preparation method for the neodymium iron boron of 3D printing technique, it comprises the following steps:
(1), neodymium iron boron powder, binding agent and processing aid are forged into even-grained neodymium iron boron granulation; Wherein neodymium iron boron powder is 90 ~ 94%, and binding agent is 5 ~ 8%, and processing aid is 1 ~ 2%; Above-mentioned percentage is mass percent;
(2), the neodymium iron boron granulation of making is loaded in the powder box of 3D printer;
(3), according to the shape and size of product, in computer, three-dimensional modeling is carried out by computer software;
(4), described computer is connected with described 3D printer; The three-dimensional modeling data of product is transferred to the digiverter in 3D printer by described computer; The data received are carried out digital-to-analogue conversion by described digiverter; Three-dimensional modeling layer after conversion is also pressed layer and is decomposed by described digiverter, forms the plane of a series of continuous sequence number from bottom to top; Convert these planes to CAE program again;
(5), by CAE programme-control, the neodymium iron boron granulation in powder box is sprayed on the heating model workbench in the guard chamber with protective gas by nozzle; The heating-up temperature of heating model workbench is 20 ~ 900 DEG C; By the effect of the heating-up temperature of heating model workbench, spray binding agent in the neodymium iron boron granulation on heating model workbench and processing aid can dissolve and is bonded together by neodymium iron boron powder, successively accumulation bonding mutually; Described 3D printer has printed, formed product; The high speed nozzle of the 3D printer in described 3D printing equipment, magnetic field generator and heating model workbench are all arranged in guard chamber; According to the requirement to product, carry out corresponding technique:
If 1. only need formed product, heating model workbench is heated just plastic at 20-100 DEG C of product; After formed product, take out product, then product is dried in oven or vacuum-sintering solidifying in vacuum sintering furnace;
2., if desired formed product solidifying, heating model workbench is heated just plastic and solidify at 900 DEG C of products, settles at one go;
3., if desired magnetize in shaping process to product, neodymium iron boron powder, in the process that successively accumulation also bonds mutually, by the effect of the magnetic field generator in guard chamber, successively magnetizes to Nd-Fe-B powder last layer simultaneously.
2. the preparation method of the neodymium iron boron based on 3D printing technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (3), when three-dimensional modeling is carried out to product, in computer, manually input data according to the shape and size of product and carry out three-dimensional modeling.
3. the preparation method of the neodymium iron boron based on 3D printing technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3), when carrying out three-dimensional modeling to product, carry out 3D scanning by 3D scanning means to product; 3D scanning means is connected with computer; Data after scanning are transferred to computer by described 3D scanning means, and computer carries out three-dimensional modeling according to these data again.
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| CN105405636A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-03-16 | 龙岩紫荆创新研究院 | Method for preparing cerium-added neodymium-iron-boron magnet by 3D printing technology |
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