CN103174189B - A kind of water storage system - Google Patents
A kind of water storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103174189B CN103174189B CN201110436007.4A CN201110436007A CN103174189B CN 103174189 B CN103174189 B CN 103174189B CN 201110436007 A CN201110436007 A CN 201110436007A CN 103174189 B CN103174189 B CN 103174189B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of water to collect and cleaning system, be specifically related to one and build firm, easy water storage system of constructing.Water storage system of the present invention, comprise tank, collecting well and be filled in the permeable filler between collecting well and tank, water injects described tank through water inlet pipe or the permeable top layer be layed in above filler, described chamber wall is the Anti-seepage air-permeable wall be made up of Anti-seepage air-permeable particle, and the border of described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall is limited by gas permeable wall bag, described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall both sides are piled up has fine sand grain by fixing for described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall extruding.The chamber wall of described water storage system adopts gas permeable wall bag and is filled with Anti-seepage air-permeable particle, the both sides of described sidewall are all filled with fine sand and reinforce to carry out extruding to described sidewall, the barrier performance of Anti-seepage air-permeable particle is utilized to stop moisture to exosmose, ensure the barrier performance of water storage system, the permeability of Anti-seepage air-permeable particle also ensure that the air permeability of whole water storage system simultaneously, makes the water quality of storage not perishable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water to collect and cleaning system, be specifically related to one and build firm, easy water storage system of constructing.
Background technology
At present, global energy, water resources shortage, the place of lack of water is a lot of all over the world, a lot of water-deficient area, the drinking water of people and irrigation water have become the problem perplexed very much, in order to solve the water shortage problem in these areas, a lot of area relies on sink wells to get underground water to meet the demand of drinking and irrigating usually.But in view of groundwater resources still comparatively shortage, and these wells often need to rely on the retaining such as rainwater, river to maintain, and water flows directly into not through filtering in well, and is not suitable for drinking; Although water can be slightly limpider after long-time heavy collection, but because down-hole is dead in order to keep retaining performance need to be built by sidewall, its permeability is limited, the time long water capacity easily fouls, rotten, and do not establish fixing well lid due to well, the water of storage can be evaporated.
Chinese patent CN101839009A discloses a kind of multi-well water storage system, and this system comprises: the tank of top-open, and the chamber wall of described tank is waterproof construction; Be positioned at the collecting well of tank inside, described collecting well is provided with Waterproof well cover, and the borehole wall is permeable structure, is filled with filler between described collecting well and described tank, permeable top layer is equipped with above filler, described filler comprises fine sand and permeable bead, and described permeable bead has water space, and described collecting well is many mouthfuls, be communicated with by communicating pipe between many mouthfuls of collecting wells, further, at least the top bore of a bite collecting well exposes permeable top layer, and is provided with Waterproof well cover.Rainwater collected by the present invention or sewage, through the filtration on permeable top layer and the sedimentation and filtration of fine sand, obtain purer water, and water is kept in filler or in collecting well, not perishable, smelly, meanwhile, the permeable bead in filler effectively adds moisture storage capacity, and many mouthfuls of collecting wells meet the demand of a large amount of water.
But find in practice of construction, in view of the volume of general tank limits, very dark ground can not be beaten in the bottom of tank as common buildings construction, a Concrete brick is only adopted directly to assemble in practice of construction or concrete is directly poured into a mould and formed, so construct more convenient, but the sidewall in view of whole tank is pressed close to soil matrix surface barrier and is built, and near described tank one side be filled with a large amount of sandstone, the stressed excessive of the close described tank side of the waterproof sidewall of tank can be caused like this, and therefore cause the sidewall assembled to occur phenomenon of caving in, have a strong impact on the stability of construction speed and water storage system.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the waterproof sidewall of underground water storage system of the prior art is stressed excessive, makes the problem that the sidewall built by waterproof brick indignation easily caves in, and then provides the underground water storage system of a kind of Stability Analysis of Structures, easy construction.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, underground water storage system of the present invention, comprising:
Tank: described tank is the structure of top-open, and the chamber wall of described tank is waterproof construction;
Collecting well: it is inner that described collecting well is arranged at described tank, and the borehole wall of described collecting well is permeable structure, for storing the water after purification;
Permeable filler: described filler is filled between described collecting well and described tank, flows into the current of described tank through the also described collecting well storage of final inflow of described permeable filler;
Described chamber wall is the Anti-seepage air-permeable wall be made up of Anti-seepage air-permeable particle and gas permeable wall bag, described gas permeable wall bag limits the flowing of described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle and forms the border of described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall, formed between described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle gas molecule can by and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules; And described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall both sides are piled up and are had permeable filler by fixing for the extruding of described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall.
Described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall is made up of described gas permeable wall bag and the Anti-seepage air-permeable particle of filling in the inner.
The fiber gap of described gas permeable wall bag is less than the particle diameter of described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle.
The cloth bag that described gas permeable wall bag is ventilative geotextiles, woven bag, canvas are made.
The thickness of described gas permeable wall bag is 3-5cm.
The bottom of described tank is equipped with the impermeable gas-bearing formation be made up of Anti-seepage air-permeable particle, and forming gas molecule between described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle can pass through and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules.
Anti-seepage air-permeable particle of the present invention defines identical with hydrophobic granule disclosed in Chinese patent CN101838116A, and its concrete component and preparation method are all identical with content disclosed in this patent.
Described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle comprises silica sand particles and is coated on the lyophobic dust on described silica sand particles.Described lyophobic dust is the hydrophobic resin film be coated on described silica sand particles, and described hydrophobic resin film is by one or more films formed in hydrophobicity epoxy resin, phenolic resins, polyurethane resin and silicones.
The aperture of the hole between described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle is 0.001-0.3mm, and that more excellent is 0.01-0.2mm.
Described lyophobic dust in described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle is hydrophobic resin film, and the quality of described hydrophobic resin film accounts for 1 ~ 8% of silica sand particles quality.Described hydrophobic resin film is by one or more films formed in hydrophobicity epoxy resin, phenolic resins, polyurethane resin and silicones.Preferably, described hydrophobicity epoxy resin is glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin, linear aliphatic based epoxy resin, alicyclic based epoxy resin, polysulfide-rubber-modified epoxy, polyamide modified epoxy, the tertiary butyraldehyde modified epoxy of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber modified epoxy resin, phenolic resin modified epoxy resin, mylar modified epoxy, urine aldehyde melmac modified epoxy, furfural resin modified epoxy, vinyl modified epoxy, one or more in isocyanate modified epoxy resin or silicone-modified epoxy resin, described hydrophobicity phenolic resins is one or more in dimethylbenzene phenol-formaldehyde resin modified, epoxy modified phenolic or Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin.
Further, hydrophobic resin as previously discussed can be obtained by following method modification, and concrete method of modifying is:
By epoxy resin, as phthalic anhydride or maleic anhydride, with oil-soluble monomer copolymerization, described oil-soluble monomer is: alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, ethylacrylic acid, vinylacetate, allyl acetate, sodium vinyl sulfonate, methyl vinyl ether, methallyl ether, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, acrylate propyl ester, acrylic acid lignocaine propyl ester, acrylate butyl ester, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, any one in diethylaminoethyl methacrylate.
Or, also by epoxy resin graft modification, graft polymers can be formed; By the hydrophilic radical of epoxy resin, as hydroxyl, react with hydrophobic function monomer, connect; Hydrophobic function monomer is: benzaldehyde, and alkylbenzaldehyde (a large class), utilizes the reaction of hydroxyl and aldehyde radical.
Or, also epoxy resin can be carried out substitution reaction, under the catalytic reaction of illumination, participate in substitution reaction with chlorine, halogen be received above epoxy resin, to improve hydrophobic performance.
In addition, can add in described hydrophobic resin film and have curing compound, and add different curing compound for different resins, wherein, the selection of curing compound is specific as follows:
For glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin, linear aliphatic based epoxy resin, alicyclic based epoxy resin, polysulfide-rubber-modified epoxy, polyamide modified epoxy, the tertiary butyraldehyde modified epoxy of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber modified epoxy resin, phenolic resin modified epoxy resin, mylar modified epoxy, urine aldehyde melmac modified epoxy, furfural resin modified epoxy, vinyl modified epoxy, isocyanate modified epoxy resin or silicone-modified epoxy resin, preferably curing compound is fatty amine, aliphatic cyclic amine, aromatic amine, polyamide, acid anhydrides, any one or several in tertiary amine,
For dimethylbenzene phenol-formaldehyde resin modified, epoxy modified phenolic or Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, preferably curing compound is hexamethylenetetramine;
For organic siliconresin, preferably curing compound be dibutyl tin dilaurate or N, N, N ', any one or several in N ' tetramethyl guanidinesalt;
For hydrophobic polyurethane resin, its curing compound is the addition product of toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) TDI and Trimethoprim TMP, the tripolymer of the prepolymer of TDI and hydroxyl component and the agent of one-component moisture solidification, TDI.
For unsaturated polyester (UP) (polymer of terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol), the curing compound added during normal temperature is ketone peroxide and cobalt naphthenate; The curing compound added during heating is one or more in peroxidized t-butyl perbenzoate, peroxy dicarbonate, dialkyl peroxide, the tertiary own ester of peroxidation acid and bis peroxy dicarbonate.
Further, described lyophobic dust can also be in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vegetable oil, copper silicon, siloxanes, hydrocarbon and combined polymerization Vingon any one or its combination.Preferably, described hydrocarbon comprise in paraffin, kerosene, diesel oil, crude oil, petroleum distillate, solvent naphtha and aliphatic solvents any one or its combination.
Wherein, the method for described hydrophobic material on described silica sand particles for being coated on described silica sand particles, and being spraying, flooding or soaking silica sand particles in the liquid solution of lyophobic dust with chemistry coating silica sand particles by described lyophobic dust; Or for the thin-film sheet of using hydrophobic material is coated in silica sand particles; Or for be positioned in lyophobic dust by the silica sand particles of heating, melting lyophobic dust is to silica sand particles; Or for the mode of plating, plasma spraying, sputtering, fluidisation and powder coated by hydrophobic material on silica sand particles.
Described collecting well is arranged side by side multiple, is communicated with between multiple described collecting well by connecting pipe.
The connecting pipe being communicated with described many mouthfuls of collecting wells is arranged on the bottom of described many mouthfuls of collecting wells.
Be equipped with permeable top layer above described filler, described permeable top layer is that water-permeable brick is laid or directly laid by seepy material, and upper water directly infiltrates in described tank through permeable top layer.
The side of described tank is provided with water inlet pipe, for the water collected above described tank is injected described tank.
Described permeable filler comprises the fine sand of mixing, handstone, haydite and permeable bead.
Described permeable bead has hollow structure or cellular structure, and forms water space.
Described permeable bead is spheroid, cylinder or Rotary-table.
In described filler, described permeable bead is alternate tiers row pattern.
Described permeable bead is the permeable structure be made up of seepy material, or has the flow passage supplying water and pass through, and the diameter of described flow passage is less than the particle diameter of described fine sand.
The borehole wall of described collecting well by the permeable structure for being made up of seepy material, or has the flow passage supplying water and pass through, and the diameter of described flow passage is less than the particle diameter of described fine sand.
The definition of seepy material of the present invention and water-permeable brick and seepy material disclosed in Chinese patent CN101839009A and water-permeable brick and form identical.Described seepy material comprises the cementing agent of aggregate and bonding aggregate, and described cementing agent is hydrophilic resin cementing agent at least partly.
Wherein, described aggregate is coated by described cementing agent.
Preferably, one or more particles of described aggregate, in advance by described cementing agent overlay film, form the particles of aggregates of overlay film.
Wherein, described hydrophilic resin cementing agent is one or more in epoxy resin, polyurethane and acrylic resin; Molecular side chain in above-mentioned epoxy resin, polyurethane and acrylic resin contains hydrophilic carboxylate, sulfonate, ammonium salt, hydroxyl or main chain and contains non-ionic hydrophilic segment.
Wherein, described aggregate is one of natural siliceous sand, man-made stone sand, flyash, melting waste slag or its any combination, and described backbone grain distributing is 0.07 millimeter-1.6 millimeters.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology, 1, the sidewall of the tank of underground water storage system of the present invention gives up the constructing structure assembled with Concrete brick in the past, adopt gas permeable wall bag and be filled with Anti-seepage air-permeable particle and replace, the both sides of described sidewall are all filled with fine sand to carry out ground tamping to described sidewall simultaneously, the barrier performance of described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle is utilized to stop moisture to exosmose on the one hand, ensure the barrier performance of water storage system, the permeability of described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle also ensure that the air permeability of whole water storage system simultaneously, make the water quality of storage not perishable, smelly, 2, the thickness of described gas permeable wall bag is 3-5cm, ensure that suitable strength performance and the permeability of described sidewall, 3, the structure that described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall is as a whole, under the side pressure of both sides fine sand, whole gas permeable wall bag can keep equilibrium state, and easily occurs fracture ensure that the stability of whole water storage system unlike the sand wall that fragment of brick assembles, 4, described gas permeable wall bag employing ventilative geotextiles, woven bag or canvas bag is made and is formed, and effectively can ensure the intensity of described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall, 5, multi-well water storage system of the present invention is that large-scale water collects stocking system, when fetching water from a bite well, in time from other well supplementing water, therefore, can meet the demand of a large amount of water, 6, multi-well water storage system of the present invention replaces the fine sand of part by permeable bead, and because permeable bead has certain water space capacity, therefore, the moisture storage capacity of this system is large, and storage capacity is strong, 7, the rainwater collected by the present invention or sewage, the sedimentation and filtration of the filtration through permeable top layer and fine sand filler, obtains purer water, and water is kept in filler or in collecting well, not perishable, smelly, 8, simple, the environmental protection and energy saving of this system construction, convenient and practical.Not only cost is low for drift-sand in desert, environmental protection, simultaneously by a large amount of uses to sand in desert, decreases the area of sandy land, is conducive to the improvement of ecological environment; 9, tank is waterproof, the rainwater collected is stored in container and does not run off, and the material of permeable top layer, collecting well is fine and close, attractive in appearance, energy conservation; 10, be equipped with impermeable gas-bearing formation bottom described tank, better ensure that the permeability in described tank.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make content of the present invention be more likely to be clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of water storage system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the construction method schematic diagram of Anti-seepage air-permeable wall of the present invention.
In figure, Reference numeral is expressed as: 1-tank, 2-collecting well, 3-header, 4-fine sand, the permeable top layer of 5-, 6-well lid, the permeable bead of 7-, 8-water space, 9-leveling layer, 10-layer of gravel, 11-Anti-seepage air-permeable wall, 12-connecting pipe, 13-gas permeable wall bag, the impermeable gas-bearing formation of 14-, 15-rigidity sheet material.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, the water storage system that top layer of the present invention can be used for planting comprises the tank 1 be arranged at below described planting site, and the chamber wall of described tank 1 is waterproof construction; Described tank 1 inside is provided with collecting well 2, the borehole wall of described collecting well 2 is permeable structure, can be used for the water after storing purification, collecting well 2 can and tank 1 between can carry out water coke slurry, and described collecting well 2 can arrange one or more according to the situation of the moisture storage capacity at scene and amount of precipitation; Be provided with the filler of porous between described collecting well 2 and described tank 1, the current flowing into described tank 1 also finally infiltrate described collecting well 2 through described permeable filler and store; The side of described tank 1 is provided with water inlet pipe 3, for the rainwater collected above described tank 1, sewage or building roof water are injected described tank 1; As the structure that can change or the requirement in order to increase water inlet, permeable top layer 5 is equipped with above the permeable filler of described tank 1, described permeable top layer 5 is directly laid by water-permeable brick or seepy material and is formed, formed between described seepy material liquid water molecules can through hole.In order to increase the intensity of system for collecting, purifying and storing water, on permeable top layer, 5 times layer of gravel 10 can be set, and the leveling layer 9 of waterproof is set between described permeable top layer 5 and described layer of gravel 10.The water stored in described tank 1 is also extracted out by water pump, for irrigation or other use.
When being provided with multiple described collecting well 2 in described water storage system, each collecting well 2 adopts and is set up in parallel, and be communicated with, and the connecting pipe 12 being communicated with described many mouthfuls of collecting wells 2 is arranged on the bottom of described many mouthfuls of collecting wells 2 between multiple described collecting well 2 by connecting pipe 12.
In order to the permeability in the described water storage system of higher increase, the bottom of described tank 1 is also equipped with the impermeable gas-bearing formation 14 be made up of Anti-seepage air-permeable particle, formed between described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle gas molecule can through but the impervious space of hydrone too, to ensure the permeability of described water storage system inside.
The chamber wall of tank 1 of the present invention is the Anti-seepage air-permeable wall 11 be made up of Anti-seepage air-permeable particle and gas permeable wall bag 13, described gas permeable wall bag 13 limits described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle flow and forms the border of described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall 11, and forming gas molecule between described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle can pass through and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules; And described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall 11 both sides are piled up and are had permeable filler to extrude fixing by described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall 11.Specifically, described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall 11 is made up of described gas permeable wall bag 13 and the Anti-seepage air-permeable particle of filling in the inner.Consider the requirement of Anti-seepage air-permeable wall 11 pairs of intensity and gas permeability, the thickness of described gas permeable wall bag 13 is set to 2-10cm, and preferred 3-5cm.Described gas permeable wall bag 13 can be selected ventilative geotextiles, woven bag or canvas bag to make and form, and the fiber gap of described gas permeable wall bag 13 is less than the particle diameter of described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle.The aperture of the hole between described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle is 0.001-0.3mm, and that more excellent is 0.01-0.2mm.
As shown in Figure 2, the site operation building method of above-mentioned Anti-seepage air-permeable wall is: according to the size Selection suitable dimension of the chamber wall of tank and the gas permeable wall bag 13 of upper end open, and the Anti-seepage air-permeable wall 11 of filling in described gas permeable wall bag 13 needed for Anti-seepage air-permeable particle formation, and openend is sealed.Described sealing step, can by making sealing or directly utilizing fine sand to pile up sealing opening part bending by the upper end open place of described gas permeable wall bag.
More excellent, in order to ensure the thickness of described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall 11, two pieces can also be adopted to support fixing with the suitable rigidity sheet material 15 of described gas permeable wall bag 13 size along its width and short transverse by described gas permeable wall bag 13, and by the brace summer be horizontally set between two blocks of described rigidity sheet material 15, described gas permeable wall bag is supported fixing along its thickness direction, after the inner space of described gas permeable wall bag 13 is propped up completely, Anti-seepage air-permeable particle is filled in it, and along with the filling of Anti-seepage air-permeable particle, pile up permeable filler in the both sides of described rigidity sheet material 15 thereupon, and promote the height of described rigidity sheet material 15 gradually along with the highly constantly lifting of piling up of described permeable filler, until fill up described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle by described gas permeable wall bag 13, now described rigidity sheet material 15 is dismountable.
In order to fix the position of described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall further, before the described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle of filling, the bottom of described gas permeable wall bag 13 can also be fixed on bottom described tank.
Described gas permeable wall bag 13 can select conventional ventilative geotextiles to make or common woven bag, canvas bag, but the particle diameter of the described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle of filling and described fine sand is greater than the fibre gap of described gas permeable wall bag 13.
Described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle comprises silica sand particles and is coated on the lyophobic dust on described silica sand particles.Described lyophobic dust is the hydrophobic resin film be coated on described silica sand particles, and described hydrophobic resin film is by one or more films formed in hydrophobicity epoxy resin, phenolic resins, polyurethane resin and silicones.
Described lyophobic dust in described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle is hydrophobic resin film, and the quality of described hydrophobic resin film accounts for 1 ~ 8% of silica sand particles quality.Described hydrophobic resin film is by one or more films formed in hydrophobicity epoxy resin, phenolic resins, polyurethane resin and silicones.Preferably, described hydrophobicity epoxy resin is glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin, linear aliphatic based epoxy resin, alicyclic based epoxy resin, polysulfide-rubber-modified epoxy, polyamide modified epoxy, the tertiary butyraldehyde modified epoxy of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber modified epoxy resin, phenolic resin modified epoxy resin, mylar modified epoxy, urine aldehyde melmac modified epoxy, furfural resin modified epoxy, vinyl modified epoxy, one or more in isocyanate modified epoxy resin or silicone-modified epoxy resin, described hydrophobicity phenolic resins is one or more in dimethylbenzene phenol-formaldehyde resin modified, epoxy modified phenolic or Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin.
Further, hydrophobic resin as previously discussed can be obtained by following method modification, and concrete method of modifying is:
By epoxy resin, as phthalic anhydride or maleic anhydride, with oil-soluble monomer copolymerization, described oil-soluble monomer is: alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, ethylacrylic acid, vinylacetate, allyl acetate, sodium vinyl sulfonate, methyl vinyl ether, methallyl ether, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, acrylate propyl ester, acrylic acid lignocaine propyl ester, acrylate butyl ester, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, any one in diethylaminoethyl methacrylate.
Or, also by epoxy resin graft modification, graft polymers can be formed; By the hydrophilic radical of epoxy resin, as hydroxyl, react with hydrophobic function monomer, connect; Hydrophobic function monomer is: benzaldehyde, and alkylbenzaldehyde (a large class), utilizes the reaction of hydroxyl and aldehyde radical.
Or, also epoxy resin can be carried out substitution reaction, under the catalytic reaction of illumination, participate in substitution reaction with chlorine, halogen be received above epoxy resin, to improve hydrophobic performance.
In addition, can add in described hydrophobic resin film and have curing compound, and add different curing compound for different resins, wherein, the selection of curing compound is specific as follows:
For glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin, linear aliphatic based epoxy resin, alicyclic based epoxy resin, polysulfide-rubber-modified epoxy, polyamide modified epoxy, the tertiary butyraldehyde modified epoxy of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber modified epoxy resin, phenolic resin modified epoxy resin, mylar modified epoxy, urine aldehyde melmac modified epoxy, furfural resin modified epoxy, vinyl modified epoxy, isocyanate modified epoxy resin or silicone-modified epoxy resin, preferably curing compound is fatty amine, aliphatic cyclic amine, aromatic amine, polyamide, acid anhydrides, any one or several in tertiary amine,
For dimethylbenzene phenol-formaldehyde resin modified, epoxy modified phenolic or Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, preferably curing compound is hexamethylenetetramine;
For organic siliconresin, preferably curing compound be dibutyl tin dilaurate or N, N, N ', any one or several in N ' tetramethyl guanidinesalt;
For hydrophobic polyurethane resin, its curing compound is the addition product of toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) TDI and Trimethoprim TMP, the tripolymer of the prepolymer of TDI and hydroxyl component and the agent of one-component moisture solidification, TDI.
For unsaturated polyester (UP) (polymer of terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol), the curing compound added during normal temperature is ketone peroxide and cobalt naphthenate; The curing compound added during heating is one or more in peroxidized t-butyl perbenzoate, peroxy dicarbonate, dialkyl peroxide, the tertiary own ester of peroxidation acid and bis peroxy dicarbonate.
Further, described lyophobic dust can also be in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vegetable oil, copper silicon, siloxanes, hydrocarbon and combined polymerization Vingon any one or its combination.Preferably, described hydrocarbon comprise in paraffin, kerosene, diesel oil, crude oil, petroleum distillate, solvent naphtha and aliphatic solvents any one or its combination.
Wherein, the method for described hydrophobic material on described silica sand particles for being coated on described silica sand particles, and being spraying, flooding or soaking silica sand particles in the liquid solution of lyophobic dust with chemistry coating silica sand particles by described lyophobic dust; Or for the thin-film sheet of using hydrophobic material is coated in silica sand particles; Or for be positioned in lyophobic dust by the silica sand particles of heating, melting lyophobic dust is to silica sand particles; Or for the mode of plating, plasma spraying, sputtering, fluidisation and powder coated by hydrophobic material on silica sand particles.
The permeable filler be filled between described collecting well 2 and described tank 1 comprises the fine sand 4 of mixing and/or multiple permeable bead 7, the particle diameter of fine sand 4 particle is 0.07mm-2mm, permeable bead 7 inside is water space 8, can water storage, wherein fine sand 4 has the function of purifying waste water, the water be stored in wherein undergoes no deterioration, the rainwater of collection or sewage is made to obtain purer water after the filtration and precipitation of fine sand 4 filler, and the water space 8 of permeable bead 7 has larger moisture storage capacity, the storage volume of tank 1 can be made to increase.Further, in described filler, described permeable bead 7 is alternate tiers row pattern, to make described permeable bead 7 support each other, thus improves the intensity of described filler.
Wherein, the structure of described permeable bead 7 is the different structure such as one or more water-permeable water storage spheroid, water-permeable water storage cylinder, water-permeable water storage Rotary-table, unrestricted.And; described permeable bead 7 has hollow structure; described hollow structure forms described water space 8; or this permeable bead 7 has cellular structure; described cellular structure forms described water space 8; wherein, described cellular structure also can heat the fabrication techniques that evaporative pattern is disappeared by such as seepy material and evaporative pattern mixed-forming.Further, described permeable bead 7 is made up of seepy material, and has path or the duct of gas circulation, or described permeable bead 7 has the flow passage supplying water and pass through, the diameter of described flow passage is less than the particle diameter of described fine sand, and, described permeable bead 7 passes through said structure, defining can inside and outside two-way permeable permeable structure, make the water in fine sand can enter in its water space 8 through described permeable bead 7 wall portion, to increase the storage capacity of water, water in permeable bead 7 also can be oozed out by its water space 8, enter in fine sand 4 and collecting well 2, pass through seepy material, water coke slurry can be carried out between fine sand 4 and permeable bead 7, water in permeable bead 7 also can enter in fine sand 4 through permeable carrier walls.
In addition, the borehole wall of described collecting well 2 is the permeable structures be made up of seepy material, this permeable structure has path or the duct of gas circulation, or described collecting well 2 has the flow passage supplying water and pass through, the diameter of described flow passage is less than the particle diameter of described fine sand, and the water in fine sand can enter in collecting well 2 through the permeable borehole wall.Therefore, in a state of use, owing to can carry out water coke slurry between fine sand 4, permeable bead 7, collecting well 2, water can be stored in fine sand 4, the water space 8 of permeable bead 7 and collecting well 2.When needs water, extracted out by water from collecting well 2, in the process, the water in fine sand 4 and permeable bead 7 can supplement and enter in collecting well 2.
Wherein, seepy material of the present invention comprises the cementing agent of aggregate and bonding aggregate, and described cementing agent is hydrophilic resin cementing agent at least partly.The mass ratio of cementing agent used and aggregate is 1-20: 100.Described hydrophilic resin cementing agent accounts for the 1-60% of cementing agent total amount, and wherein, described hydrophilic resin cementing agent is one or more in epoxy resin, polyurethane and acrylic resin; Molecular side chain in above-mentioned epoxy resin, polyurethane and acrylic resin contains hydrophilic carboxylate, sulfonate, ammonium salt, hydroxyl or main chain and contains non-ionic hydrophilic segment.Described aggregate is: one of natural siliceous sand, man-made stone sand, flyash, melting waste slag or its any combination, preferably quartz sand, the drift-sand preferably in desert.Described aggregate is preferably by described cementing agent coated, and more preferably, one or more particles of described aggregate, in advance by described cementing agent overlay film, form the particles of aggregates of overlay film.Described backbone grain distributing is preferably: 0.07 millimeter ~ 1.6 millimeters.
As the structure that can change, an outstanding described tank top coat at least can be provided with in described collecting well, this collecting well 2 top communicates with air, and cover with the well lid 6 of waterproof, can draw water by opening well lid, or this collecting well 2 top does not communicate with air, but there is the path that draws water, such as, this collecting well 2 has a path that draws water that can be communicated with suction pump, is inserted in this path that draws water realize drawing water by drinking-water pipe.
Water storage system of the present invention, the water of the rainwater collected or sewage or building roof enters tank 1 through water inlet pipe 3, after the sedimentation and filtration of fine sand filler, obtain purer water.And, in tank 1, water coke slurry can be carried out between fine sand 4, permeable bead 7, collecting well 2, water in fine sand 4 can enter in its water space 8 through permeable bead 7, also can enter in collecting well 2 through the permeable borehole wall, water in permeable bead 7 also can flow out through its carrier walls enter into collecting well 2, and water is stored in fine sand 4, the water space 8 of permeable bead 7 and collecting well 2.When needs water, water is extracted out from collecting well 2, in the process, water in other collecting well can enter by the collecting well 2 of fetching water by connecting pipe 12, make water level reach balance, and the water in fine sand 4 and permeable bead 7 can supplement and enter in collecting well 2.
As the structure that can change, water storage system of the present invention can also be provided with water inlet pipe 3 in the side of described tank, facilitate rainfall or the building roof water yield larger time, help water import described water storage system.
Multi-well water storage system of the present invention is that large-scale water collects stocking system, when fetching water from a bite well, in time from other well supplementing water, thus can meet the demand of a large amount of water.
Embodiment 1:
Dig the hole that an area is 50 square meters on the ground, hole wall is the waterproof construction done by such as concrete, defines the tank 1 of a top-open, makes tank 1 be placed in soil matrix layer; The chamber wall of described tank is waterproof construction, can be the wall that Concrete brick assembles, tank 1 internal build three mouthfuls of collecting wells 2, and the borehole wall is made up of seepy material, collecting well 2 can and tank 1 between carry out water coke slurry; Be filled with permeable filler between described tank 1 and described collecting well 2, described permeable filler upper strata is equipped with directly lays by seepy material the permeable top layer 5 formed.Be communicated with by connecting pipe 12 between these three mouthfuls of collecting wells 2, the connecting pipe 12 being communicated with these three mouthfuls of collecting wells 2 is arranged at the bottom of described many mouthfuls of collecting wells 2, aqueous phase in these three mouthfuls of collecting wells 2 is led to, and, the top bore being positioned at middle collecting well 2 is made to expose described permeable top layer 5, and well lid 6 is set, to make water can be extracted out by this mouthful of collecting well 2, and by other two mouthfuls of collecting well 2 supplementing water.In addition, be filled with fine sand 4 and multiple permeable bead 7 between collecting well 2 and tank 1, between fine sand 4 and permeable bead 7, can water coke slurry be carried out.
The composition of the borehole wall of described collecting well 2 or the seepy material of permeable bead 7 is that quartz sand and epoxy resin mix, and described quartz sand is coated by described epoxy resin, and 10% be hydrophilic matrix tablets in described epoxy resin, described hydrophilic matrix tablets is the epoxy resin that molecular side chain contains hydrophilic carboxylate.
Described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle comprises silica sand particles and is coated on the hydrophobic PTFE on described silica sand particles.The quartz sand of described silica sand particles to be particle diameter be 0.1-0.3mm.Described hydrophobic PTFE is the 3wt% of silica sand particles.
The method that described hydrophobic PTFE is coated on described silica sand particles is:
1) hydrophobic PTFE is heated to molten condition;
2) when silica sand particles being heated to 210 DEG C, add described hydrophobic PTFE, within 30 seconds, stir and evenly mix, make described hydrophobic PTFE be dispersed in described silica sand particles surface;
3) hexamethylenetetramine curing compound (accounting for the 0.015wt% of silica sand particles) is added in the above-mentioned mixture prepared, stir and evenly mix, solidify 60 seconds;
4) added in the mixture be cured by oxidic polyethylene wax lubricant (accounting for the 0.009wt% of silica sand particles), stir, cooling, sieves, to obtain final product.
Can be provided with the boss matched with collecting well 2 bore bottom described tank 1, collecting well 2 is nested with outside boss, and fine sand 4 can not be entered in collecting well 2.Collected rainwater in the present embodiment or sewage, through the sedimentation and filtration of fine sand filler 4, obtain purer water, and water is kept in fine sand or in collecting well 2, not perishable, smelly; Open well lid 6, the water in collecting well can be utilized easily.
Embodiment 2:
Multi-well water storage system as described in Example 1, described water storage system is also provided with water inlet pipe 3, the described cementing agent that in described permeable top layer, seepy material is used is one of epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin or its any combination, and the shape of described collecting well 2 can do multiple conversion.
Also be equipped with the impermeable gas-bearing formation 14 that Anti-seepage air-permeable particle is formed bottom described tank, form between described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle gas molecule can by but the impervious space of hydrone too.
Described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle comprises silica sand particles and is coated in the hydrophobicity epoxy resin on described silica sand particles.The quartz sand of described silica sand particles to be particle diameter be 0.075-0.3mm.Described hydrophobicity epoxy resin is the 5wt% of silica sand particles.Described hydrophobicity epoxy resin is obtained by maleic anhydride and benzaldehyde graft copolymerization.
The method that described hydrophobicity epoxy resin is coated on described silica sand particles is:
1) hydrophobicity epoxy resin is heated to molten condition;
2) when silica sand particles being heated to 220 DEG C, add described epoxy resin, within 60 seconds, stir and evenly mix, make described phenolic resins be dispersed in described silica sand particles surface;
3) aliphatic amine curing compound (accounting for the 10wt% of silica sand particles) is added in the above-mentioned mixture prepared, stir and evenly mix, solidify 120 seconds;
4) added in the mixture be cured by stearic acid amide lubricant (accounting for the 1.25wt% of silica sand particles), stir, cooling, sieves, to obtain final product.
Further, in order to increase the intensity of system for collecting, purifying and storing water, on permeable top layer, 5 times layer of gravel 10 is set, and permeable leveling layer 9 is set between permeable top layer 5 and layer of gravel 10.
Embodiment 3
The structure of the water storage system described in the present embodiment as hereinbefore, its difference is only that the chamber wall of described tank is the Anti-seepage air-permeable wall be made up of described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle, and limited the border of described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall by the mode that Anti-seepage air-permeable particle filled by gas permeable wall bag 13, formed between described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle gas molecule can by and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules; And described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall both sides are piled up and are had fine sand 4 particle by fixing for the extruding of described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall.Described gas permeable wall bag is made by the size of geotextiles according to described chamber wall of breathing freely and is formed, and the thickness of described gas permeable wall bag is 3-5cm.The particle diameter of described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle and described fine sand is greater than the fibre gap of described gas permeable wall bag.
The component on site construction method of described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall is: according to the size Selection suitable dimension of the chamber wall of tank and the gas permeable wall bag of upper end open, the bottom of described gas permeable wall bag is fixed on bottom described tank, two pieces are adopted to support fixing with the suitable rigidity sheet material 15 of described gas permeable wall bag size along its width and short transverse by described gas permeable wall bag, and by the brace summer be horizontally set between two blocks of described rigidity sheet material 15, described gas permeable wall bag is supported fixing along its thickness direction, the inner space of described gas permeable wall bag is propped up completely, by particles filled for described Anti-seepage air-permeable in described gas permeable wall bag, and pile up fine sand in the both sides of described rigidity sheet material 15 thereupon, and promote the height of described rigidity sheet material 15 gradually along with the highly constantly lifting of piling up of described fine sand, until fill up described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle by described gas permeable wall bag, namely required Anti-seepage air-permeable wall is formed, and by the upper end open place of described gas permeable wall bag being made sealing or directly opening part bending being utilized fine sand to pile up sealing, namely the sealing of the openend of described gas permeable wall bag is completed.
Described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle comprises silica sand particles and is coated on hydrophobicity phenolic resins on described silica sand particles, the quartz sand of described silica sand particles to be particle diameter be 0.075-0.3mm.Described hydrophobicity phenolic resins is the 1wt% of silica sand particles.Described hydrophobicity phenolic resins is obtained by maleic anhydride and sodium vinyl sulfonate copolymerization.
The method that described phenolic resins is coated on described silica sand particles is:
1) phenolic resins is heated to molten condition;
2) when silica sand particles being heated to 220 DEG C, add described phenolic resins, within 60 seconds, stir and evenly mix, make described phenolic resins be dispersed in described silica sand particles surface;
3) aliphatic amine curing compound (accounting for the 10wt% of silica sand particles) is added in the above-mentioned mixture prepared, stir and evenly mix, solidify 120 seconds;
4) added in the mixture be cured by stearic acid amide lubricant (accounting for the 1.25wt% of silica sand particles), stir, cooling, sieves, to obtain final product.
In addition, multi-well water storage system of the present invention both can store use in arid area as rainwater-collecting, also can be used for the process of other sewage, can also be applied to the improvement of mother's water cellar in arid area.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a water storage system, comprising:
Tank (1): the structure that described tank (1) is top-open, and the chamber wall of described tank (1) is waterproof construction;
Collecting well (2): it is inner that described collecting well (2) is arranged at described tank (1), and the borehole wall of described collecting well (2) is permeable structure, for storing the water after purification;
Permeable filler: described filler is filled between described collecting well (2) and described tank (1), flows into the current of described tank (1) through the also described collecting well of final infiltration (2) storage of described permeable filler;
It is characterized in that:
Described chamber wall is the Anti-seepage air-permeable wall (11) be made up of Anti-seepage air-permeable particle and gas permeable wall bag (13), described gas permeable wall bag (13) limits the flowing of described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle and forms the border of described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall (11), formed between described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle gas molecule can by and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules; And described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall both sides are piled up and are had permeable filler by fixing for the extruding of described Anti-seepage air-permeable wall;
The cloth bag that described gas permeable wall bag (13) is ventilative geotextiles, woven bag, canvas are made;
The thickness of described gas permeable wall bag (13) is 2-10cm;
Described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle comprises silica sand particles and is coated on the lyophobic dust on described silica sand particles, and the aperture of described hole is 0.001-0.3mm.
2. water storage system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the area of the fiber gap of described gas permeable wall bag (13) is less than the area of the shaft section of described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle.
3. water storage system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the bottom of described tank (1) is equipped with the impermeable gas-bearing formation (14) be made up of Anti-seepage air-permeable particle, forming gas molecule between described Anti-seepage air-permeable particle can pass through and the impervious hole of liquid water molecules.
4. the water storage system according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: above described filler, be equipped with permeable top layer (5), described permeable top layer (5) is laid for water-permeable brick or is directly laid by seepy material, and upper water directly infiltrates in described tank through permeable top layer.
5. the water storage system according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that: the side of described tank is provided with water inlet pipe (3), for the water collected above described tank is injected described tank.
6. water storage system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the side of described tank is provided with water inlet pipe (3), for the water collected above described tank is injected described tank.
7. water storage system according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described collecting well (2), for arranged side by side multiple, is communicated with by connecting pipe (12) between multiple described collecting well (2).
8. water storage system according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described collecting well (2), for arranged side by side multiple, is communicated with by connecting pipe (12) between multiple described collecting well (2).
9. the water storage system according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that: the borehole wall of described collecting well (2) is by the permeable structure for being made up of seepy material, or there is the flow passage supplying water and pass through, and the diameter of described flow passage is less than the particle diameter of described fine sand.
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| CN103498506A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-08 | 苏州合展设计营造有限公司 | Rainwater collecting pool |
| CN104110051B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-01-20 | 济南大学 | Dual formula is from oozing anti-filter recharge well wellhead assembly |
| CN105084522B (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-12-19 | 甄建伟 | A kind of storing facilities of water of comprehensive utilization |
| CN106400893A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Water storage system of water collection tanks |
| CN108517946A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-09-11 | 济南荣庆节能技术有限公司 | The sponge city method of manufacture and use thereof of " cavernous body " |
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