CN103146437A - Total heat recovery type synthesis gas cooler with residue chamber - Google Patents
Total heat recovery type synthesis gas cooler with residue chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN103146437A CN103146437A CN2013101003924A CN201310100392A CN103146437A CN 103146437 A CN103146437 A CN 103146437A CN 2013101003924 A CN2013101003924 A CN 2013101003924A CN 201310100392 A CN201310100392 A CN 201310100392A CN 103146437 A CN103146437 A CN 103146437A
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- chamber
- syngas cooler
- grit chamber
- synthesis gas
- recovery type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a total heat recovery type synthesis gas cooler with a residue chamber. The total heat recovery type synthesis gas cooler comprises a synthesis gas cooler and a U-shaped residue chamber, wherein one end of the U-shaped residue chamber is communicated with the synthesis gas cooler, and a residue outlet is arranged on the bottom part of the residue chamber. The total heat recovery type synthesis gas cooler further comprises a gasification reaction chamber, and the bottom outlet of the gasification reaction chamber is communicated with the other end of the U-shaped residue chamber. A residue catcher is arranged in a passage in which the residue chamber turns to the synthesis gas cooler. The total heat recovery type synthesis gas cooler with residue chamber disclosed by the invention is used for effectively separating liquid slag and ash drops from the synthesis gas before the high temperature synthesis gas enters the synthesis gas cooler so as to solve such common problems of the synthesis gas cooler as scorification, blockage and contamination, and the like; and ash concentration in the synthesis gas is greatly decreased, so that the attrition of a convection heating surface is alleviated, the gas flow rate in the synthesis gas cooler can be correspondingly increased, the heat exchange is reinforced, the equipment is more compact and the production cost is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of full recovery type heat syngas cooler with the grit chamber, belong to gasification and integrated gasification combined cycle for power generation technical field.
Background technology
Airflow bed gasification furnace syngas outlet temperature is generally more than 1300 ℃, and the sensible heat of outlet high-temperature synthesis gas accounts for the 20-25% left and right into the stove fuel value, and all the other are mainly CO and H
2Chemical energy.The recovery of synthetic gas high temperature sensible heat is very important to the energy utilization efficiency that improves whole system.Owing to adopting slag tap, high-temperature synthesis gas carries molten slag and ash drips, and easily causes slagging scorification and the obstruction of heating surface, so the recovery of the high temperature sensible heat of synthetic gas is very difficult.For efficient recovery synthetic gas high temperature sensible heat, must solve molten slag and ash and drip the Boiler Heating Surfaces that may cause and stop up a difficult problem.
In order to solve this difficult problem, existing technology status is as follows:
The sensible heat that some gasification technologies have been abandoned synthetic gas reclaims, and adopt the mode of water Quench that synthetic gas is cooled to 200-300 ℃, such as the multi-nozzle gasification technology of the chilling process gasification technology of GE Texaco, siemens GSP gasification technology, East China University of Science etc.Adopt a difficult problem of having avoided in such a way the high temperature sensible heat to reclaim, be conducive to follow-up steam reacting condition adding of water vapor simultaneously, synthesizing the field at chemical industry has its specific advantage; But such system synthesis gas sensible heat is wasted, and the integral energy utilising efficiency is lower.
In the shell gasification technology, adopt cold synthetic gas re-injection, to approximately below 900 ℃, liquid ash drops in the Quench process and solidifies simultaneously with the high-temperature synthesis gas Quench of vapourizing furnace outlet, enter again convection recuperator and reclaim the synthetic gas sensible heat, thus the difficulty of having avoided the high temperature section sensible heat to reclaim.But the problem that this method is brought is owing to only having utilized the less transmission of heat by convection section of heat-transfer intensity, so the heating surface metal consumption is large; In addition, the re-injection of cold synthetic gas makes downstream synthetic gas treatment capacity double, and corresponding equipment increases, increase of investment; And cold synthetic gas re-injection unit often brings operation troubles because of problems such as burn into wearing and tearing.
The gasification technology of Xi'an thermal technology institute and Mitsubishi is to adopt two-stage gasifier, pyrolysis and the gasification reaction of the fuel that second segment feeds in hot synthesis gas is thermo-negative reaction, utilize this chemical reaction endothermic effect to realize the chemical cooling of high-temperature synthesis gas, synthetic gas is cooled to below ash fusion point, enter again the useless pot of convection current, thereby keep from heat the face slagging scorification.But the fuel reaction that second segment feeds is incomplete, again sends vapourizing furnace back to after needing to separate, and the system complex degree increases greatly.For the Mitsubishi's gasification technology after useless pot, also in the useless pot of existence, the gas dust content is large, easily the problems such as pickup and wearing and tearing for sepn process; For addressing this problem, equipment size increases, increase of investment.
GE Texaco pot destroying process gasification technology directly adopts the useless pot of radiation formula to reclaim the sensible heat of synthetic gas high temperature section, and the useless pot of radiation formula is placed in the vapourizing furnace below.The interface of radiation waste pot and vapourizing furnace adopts the flow field structure of optimizing, and the while, radiation waste pot channel center did not arrange heating surface, gathered to avoid slag to solidify on heating surface.But slagging scorification still often can occur in actual motion stop up gas channel; Reduce because slagging scorification makes radiation waste pot caloric receptivity simultaneously, the useless pot of convection current temperature in raises, and easily causes the problems such as convection current useless pot cohesiveness dust stratification and pickup.
In sum, the method for above employing all can not fundamentally solve the problem such as slagging scorification, obstruction, pickup, dust stratification, wearing and tearing of the syngas cooler that in coal, lime-ash brings.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: for efficient recovery synthetic gas high temperature sensible heat, solve molten slag and ash droplet Boiler Heating Surfaces, obstruction, pickup, dust stratification and the wear problem that cause, a kind of full recovery type heat syngas cooler with the grit chamber is provided, before high-temperature synthesis gas enters useless pot, effectively molten slag is dripped with ash and separate from synthetic gas, thereby can effectively solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical proposals: a kind of full recovery type heat syngas cooler with the grit chamber, comprise syngas cooler and " U " shape grit chamber, one end of " U " shape grit chamber is communicated with syngas cooler, and the bottom of described grit chamber sets out cinder notch.
As a kind of optimal way, also comprise gasification reactor chamber, the outlet at bottom of gasification reactor chamber is connected with the other end of " U " shape grit chamber and communicates.
As further preferred, establish in the grit chamber turns to the passage of syngas cooler and catch the slag device.
As further preferred, catch the slag device and be number row slag collecting bunch.
As further preferred, the pipe external welding pin of slag collecting bunch, and lay refractory materials.
As further preferred, at the gasification reactor chamber peripheral hardware chamber pressure shell that responds, be provided with grit chamber's pressure shell outside " U " shape grit chamber, be provided with the syngas cooler pressure shell outside syngas cooler, described chamber pressure shell, grit chamber's pressure shell and syngas cooler are linked as the integral body that an inside communicates, and between annular space the charged pressure balanced gas.
As a kind of optimal way, described " U " the U-shaped pipeline of shape grit chamber for being surrounded by grit chamber's wall; Described grit chamber wall is film water cold wall structure or " membrane wall-pin-refractory materials " structure.
As a kind of optimal way, described syngas cooler is surrounded by the syngas cooler wall, and syngas cooler inside sets gradually radiation heating surface and convection heating surface along gas flow direction.
As a kind of optimal way, the syngas cooler wall is film water cold wall structure or " membrane wall-pin-refractory materials " structure.
As a kind of optimal way, the vertical barrel type of gasification reactor chamber for being surrounded by the reaction chamber wall, at least one burner that is connected with the line of pipes of fuel, vaporized chemical is established in the upper end of gasification reactor chamber or side, gasification reactor chamber adopts slag tap, and the outlet of synthetic gas and slag is positioned at bottom gasification reactor chamber.
In the present invention, the effect of portion parts is as follows:
" U " shape grit chamber: the slag that flows out from the gasification reactor chamber outlet at bottom flows to bottom, U-shaped grit chamber, and discharges from slag notch; In the process that synthetic gas turns in the U-shaped grit chamber, realize and the separating of slag; In steering procedure, the part slag that carries in synthetic gas drips also separated because of inertia effect.
Catch the slag device: synthetic gas flow through arrange in the U-shaped grit chamber catch the slag device, further remove entrained slag and drip.
Principle of work of the present invention is:
The slag tap vapourizing furnace adopts the bottom to give vent to anger, and the gas slag also flows to current downflow; Be right after the reaction chamber outlet at bottom, one " U " shape grit chamber is set, slag flows to bottom, U-shaped grit chamber, and discharges from slag notch, and synthetic gas turns to, catches after the slag device further catches slag through " U " shape grit chamber, flows into the radiation waste pot; Can effectively molten slag be dripped with ash like this and separate from synthetic gas, enter the difficult problems such as the useless pot of Boiler Heating Surfaces that may cause and obstruction thereby the solution synthetic gas directly carries slag.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention: the full recovery type heat syngas cooler of band of the present invention grit chamber, before high-temperature synthesis gas enters useless pot, effectively molten slag is dripped with ash and separate from synthetic gas, thereby solve the difficult problems such as the common slagging scorification of syngas cooler, obstruction, pickup, dust stratification; Because the ash concentration in synthetic gas greatly reduces, the wearing and tearing of convection heating surface alleviate, the corresponding increase of the gas flow rate in syngas cooler, and heat exchange strengthens, and equipment is compacter, reduces production costs.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 3 catches the structural representation of slag device in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the A-A diagrammatic cross-section in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is " membrane wall-pin-refractory materials " structural representation;
Fig. 6 is that H in Fig. 4 is to schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the film water cold wall structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3, the arrow in Fig. 4 refers to wind direction, i.e. air flow line.
In figure: 1-line of pipes, 2-burner, 3-gasification reactor chamber, 4-reaction chamber wall, 5-chamber pressure shell, 6-grit chamber, 7-grit chamber wall, 8-grit chamber pressure shell, 9-slag notch, 10-catches the slag device, the 11-syngas cooler, 12-syngas cooler wall, 13-syngas cooler pressure shell, the 14-radiation heating surface, the 15-convection heating surface; 101-water-cooled pipe, 102-band steel, 103-refractory materials, 104-pin.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Disclosed all features in this specification sheets, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except the speciality and/or step of mutual repulsion, all can make up by any way, unless special narration all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar purpose, namely, unless special narration, an embodiment in a series of equivalences of each feature or similar characteristics.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of full recovery type heat syngas cooler with the grit chamber comprises syngas cooler 11 and " U " shape grit chamber 6, and in addition, gasification reactor chamber 3 is connected with syngas cooler 11, is that syngas cooler is ventilated.The vertical barrel type of gasification reactor chamber 3 for being surrounded by reaction chamber wall 4, at least one burner 2 that is connected with the line of pipes 1 of fuel, vaporized chemical is established in the upper end of gasification reactor chamber 3 or side, fuel and vaporized chemical from line of pipes 1 spray into reaction chamber through burner 2, the generating gasification reaction; Gasification reactor chamber adopts slag tap, and the outlet of synthetic gas and slag is positioned at bottom gasification reactor chamber.Described " U " the U-shaped pipeline of shape grit chamber 6 for being surrounded by grit chamber's wall 7; Described grit chamber wall is film water cold wall structure or " membrane wall-pin-refractory materials " structure.One end of described " U " shape grit chamber 6 is communicated with syngas cooler 11, and the other end is connected with the outlet at bottom of gasification reactor chamber 3 and communicates; The bottom of described grit chamber 6 sets out cinder notch 9, is used for deslagging.Establish in grit chamber 6 turns to the passage of syngas cooler 11 and catch slag device 10; The described slag device 10 of catching is number row slag collecting bunch, the pipe external welding pin of slag collecting bunch, and lay refractory materials.Described syngas cooler 11 is surrounded by syngas cooler wall 12, and syngas cooler 11 inside set gradually radiation heating surface 14 and convection heating surface 15 along gas flow direction; Syngas cooler wall 12 is film water cold wall structure or " membrane wall-pin-refractory materials " structure.In addition, for pressurized gasification, at the gasification reactor chamber 3 peripheral hardwares chamber pressure shell 5 that responds, be provided with grit chamber's pressure shell 8 outside " U " shape grit chamber 6, be provided with syngas cooler pressure shell 13 outside syngas cooler 11, described chamber pressure shell 5, grit chamber's pressure shell 8 and syngas cooler 11 are linked as the integral body that an inside communicates, and the charged pressure balanced gas is kept the pressure of reaction needed between annular space, and pressure equilibrium gas generally uses nitrogen.
As shown in Fig. 5-6, " membrane wall-pin-refractory materials " structure is: comprise water-cooled pipe 101, band steel 102, refractory materials 103 and pin 104; Clog band steel between adjacent two tubes and carry out sealing weld, forming film water cold wall structure; The film-type water-cooling wall surface welds thick and fast pin and lays refractory materials.Such structure can guarantee that refractory materials caught by pin, and is fixed on the membrane wall surface and difficult drop-off; Refractory materials has the cooling of membrane wall simultaneously, and working temperature is lower, and the life-span is long, and is not fragile.Refractory materials can separate membrane wall metallic substance and high-temperature slag, aggressive atmosphere etc., avoids metallic substance to be etched.
As shown in Figure 7, described film water cold wall structure is: comprise water-cooled pipe 101 and band steel 102; Two adjacent water-cooled pipe compartment filling band steels also carry out sealing weld, thereby form membrane wall, realize the resistance to air loss in space, membrane wall both sides is separated.In the membrane wall pipe logical water coolant carry out cooling, thereby the working metal that guarantees pipe and band steel and is unlikely to be burnt out by high-temperature synthesis gas in the temperature range that allows.In pipe, but water coolant is heated byproduct steam, reclaims heat.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, gasification reactor chamber 3 is the vertical barrel type spaces that surrounded by reaction chamber wall 4, sprays into reaction chamber from fuel and the vaporized chemical of line of pipes 1 through burner 2, and the generating gasification reaction produces the synthetic gas take carbon monoxide and hydrogen as main component.Mineral substance major part in fuel is fused solution, and along under the reaction chamber wall surface current, another part is carried by high-temperature synthesis gas with the molten melt drop form.The outlet of synthetic gas and slag is arranged on bottom reaction chamber.Be right after the reaction chamber outlet at bottom, one " U " shape grit chamber 6 is set, " U " shape grit chamber is the U-shaped pipeline that is surrounded by grit chamber's wall 7, and described grit chamber wall is " membrane wall-pin-refractory materials " structure.The slag that flows out from the reaction chamber outlet at bottom flows to bottom, U-shaped grit chamber, and discharges from slag notch 9.In the process that synthetic gas turns in the U-shaped grit chamber, realize and the separating of slag.In steering procedure, the part slag that carries in synthetic gas drips also separated because of inertia effect.Synthetic gas flow through arrange in the U-shaped grit chamber catch slag device 10, further remove entrained slag and drip.As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, arrow in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 refers to wind direction, i.e. the air flow line of synthetic gas is caught the slag device and is a few comb beam matrixs and arranges and form, pass water-cooled pipe 101 and on pin 104, the synthetic gas of having isolated slag through the grit chamber enters syngas cooler 11 again; Gas upwards flows in syngas cooler, can set gradually radiation heating surface 14 and the convection heating surface 15 of some amount and form along flow direction, and the synthetic gas that finally is cooled to certain temperature is drawn from the pneumatic outlet on syngas cooler top.
Not in the situation of syngas cooler bottom, bottom syngas cooler, independent ash discharging hole can be set for the synthetic gas outlet, be used for the dry ash of bottom deposition is discharged.
Because the synthetic gas that enters syngas cooler no longer carries slag, therefore can fundamentally solve the problems such as Boiler Heating Surfaces, obstruction; On the other hand, because the ash concentration in synthetic gas greatly reduces, the gas flow rate in syngas cooler can increase accordingly, and heat exchange can strengthen, thereby equipment can be compacter, and investment can reduce.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 2, the concrete action principle of embodiment 2 is identical with embodiment 1, just after gas enters syngas cooler, because the synthesizer water cooler can be designed to different gas flows as required, in the present embodiment, gas flows downward, and described syngas cooler wall is film water cold wall structure.In syngas cooler, can set gradually radiation heating surface 14 and the convection heating surface 15 of some amount and form along flow direction, the synthetic gas that finally is cooled to certain temperature is drawn from the lower gas outlet of syngas cooler.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limiting the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. full recovery type heat syngas cooler with the grit chamber, comprise syngas cooler (11), it is characterized in that: also comprise " U " shape grit chamber (6), an end of " U " shape grit chamber (6) is communicated with syngas cooler (11), and the bottom of described grit chamber (6) sets out cinder notch (9).
2. the full recovery type heat syngas cooler with the grit chamber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise gasification reactor chamber (3), the outlet at bottom of gasification reactor chamber (3) is connected with the other end of " U " shape grit chamber (6) and communicates.
3. the full recovery type heat syngas cooler with the grit chamber as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: establish in grit chamber (6) turn to the passage of syngas cooler (11) and catch slag device (10).
4. the full recovery type heat syngas cooler with the grit chamber as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: catch slag device (10) and be number row slag collecting bunch.
5. the full recovery type heat syngas cooler with the grit chamber as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the pipe external welding pin (102) of slag collecting bunch, and lay refractory materials (103).
6. the full recovery type heat syngas cooler with the grit chamber as described in arbitrary claim in claim 2 or 5, it is characterized in that: at gasification reactor chamber (3) the peripheral hardware chamber pressure shell (5) that responds, be provided with grit chamber's pressure shell (8) outside " U " shape grit chamber (6), be provided with syngas cooler pressure shell (13) outside syngas cooler (11), described chamber pressure shell (5), grit chamber's pressure shell (8) and syngas cooler (11) are linked as the integral body that an inside communicates, and between annular space the charged pressure balanced gas.
7. the full recovery type heat syngas cooler with the grit chamber as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described " U " the U-shaped pipeline of shape grit chamber (6) for being surrounded by grit chamber's wall (7); Described grit chamber wall (7) is film water cold wall structure or " membrane wall-pin-refractory materials " structure.
8. the full recovery type heat syngas cooler with the grit chamber as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described syngas cooler (11) is surrounded by syngas cooler wall (12), and syngas cooler (11) is inner sets gradually radiation heating surface (14) and convection heating surface (15) along gas flow direction.
9. full recovery type heat syngas cooler as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: syngas cooler wall (12) is film water cold wall structure or " membrane wall-pin-refractory materials " structure.
10. the full recovery type heat syngas cooler with the grit chamber as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the vertical barrel type of gasification reactor chamber (3) for being surrounded by reaction chamber wall (4), at least one burner (2) that is connected with the line of pipes (1) of fuel, vaporized chemical is established in the upper end of gasification reactor chamber (3) or side, gasification reactor chamber adopts slag tap, and the outlet of synthetic gas and slag is positioned at bottom gasification reactor chamber.
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CN2013101003924A CN103146437A (en) | 2013-03-27 | 2013-03-27 | Total heat recovery type synthesis gas cooler with residue chamber |
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CN2013101003924A CN103146437A (en) | 2013-03-27 | 2013-03-27 | Total heat recovery type synthesis gas cooler with residue chamber |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116333786A (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2023-06-27 | 山西阳煤化工机械(集团)有限公司 | Gasifier and multi-chamber balance adjusting device |
Citations (4)
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US4328008A (en) * | 1979-05-30 | 1982-05-04 | Texaco Development Corporation | Method for the production of cleaned and cooled synthesis gas |
US5458859A (en) * | 1993-04-02 | 1995-10-17 | Man Guthehoffnungshutte | Device for removing heavy metals and slags from synthesis gas produced from refinery wastes |
CN202214339U (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2012-05-09 | 马超 | Super constant pressure oxygen enrichment chilling-free powdered coal gasification furnace |
CN203174055U (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-09-04 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Total-heat recovery-type synthesis gas cooler with slag chamber |
-
2013
- 2013-03-27 CN CN2013101003924A patent/CN103146437A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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US4328008A (en) * | 1979-05-30 | 1982-05-04 | Texaco Development Corporation | Method for the production of cleaned and cooled synthesis gas |
US5458859A (en) * | 1993-04-02 | 1995-10-17 | Man Guthehoffnungshutte | Device for removing heavy metals and slags from synthesis gas produced from refinery wastes |
CN202214339U (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2012-05-09 | 马超 | Super constant pressure oxygen enrichment chilling-free powdered coal gasification furnace |
CN203174055U (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-09-04 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Total-heat recovery-type synthesis gas cooler with slag chamber |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116333786A (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2023-06-27 | 山西阳煤化工机械(集团)有限公司 | Gasifier and multi-chamber balance adjusting device |
CN116333786B (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2023-07-28 | 山西阳煤化工机械(集团)有限公司 | Gasifier and multi-chamber balance adjusting device |
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Application publication date: 20130612 |