The floating type brake pad of sleety weather
Technical field
The invention belongs to the train braking field, particularly the floating type brake pad of a kind of sleety weather.
Background technique
Bullet train mainly comprises brake disc and brake pad with the disc type brake structure, by the phase mutual friction of brake disc with brake pad, has consumed the kinetic energy of moving vehicle or equipment, makes the train stop motion.The mode that more common brake pad adopts backboard to be fixedly connected with the brake pad rivet, this brake pad is when braking, be prone to the phenomenon that to fit fully between brake pad on brake pad and brake disc, make acting on brake pad and brake disc that active force can not be average, thereby the high stress point that causes brake pad crackle occurs, falls piece, damaged, produce the localized hyperthermia district, shortened working life of brake pad, affect braking effect.
For example, Chinese patent file CN1804422A namely discloses a kind of brake pad, it comprises chassis and friction element, described friction element is arranged on supporting member, supporting member is fixed on the chassis by the fixing device compartment of terrain, its fixing device namely is arranged at the rivet between friction element, by rivet, brake pad is fixedly connected on the chassis, thereby cause the problem that to fit fully between brake pad on brake pad and brake disc, the high stress point of brake pad crackle occurs, falls piece, damaged, reduce the working life of brake pad.
For addressing the above problem, brake pad in recent years adopts the mode of backboard and brake pad floating connection usually, be that brake pad has certain amount of floating with respect to backboard, during the brake lining braking, the brake pad angle can change, make effectively friction area increase between brake pad and brake disc, alleviate the eccentric wear of brake pad, improved the working life of brake pad.Rotate relative to backboard because floating type connecting structure can make brake pad, therefore, make between brake pad by the arrangement mode that brake pad is set and intermesh, realize the locking of brake pad substantially horizontal in the backboard mounting plane; And this arrangement mode more closely can make the thermal diffusivity variation of brake pad, for this reason usually on brake pad the moulding radiation hole realize the heat radiation of brake pad.But the brake pad of said structure is unsuitable for using at sleety weather, and this is because the buffing that accumulates in the brake pad radiation hole can form larger ice cube together with sleet is set in, and affects the normal operation of brake pad.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the structure of existing brake pad is unsuitable for sleety weather and uses, and then a kind of brake pad that sleety weather uses that is applicable to is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the floating type brake pad of sleety weather of the present invention, it comprises, backboard, described backboard are the fan loop configuration that arc transition is passed through at two ends; Several brake pads, but described brake pad floating ground is connected on described backboard, encircle to the outer shroud described brake pad of multilayer of arranging along described backboard interior, between the described brake pad of adjacent layer, rotation prevention structure is set, the rubbing surface of described brake pad is the plane of a polishing.
The friction area of described brake pad is encircled to outer shroud along described backboard interior and is increased progressively arrangement.
The shape of some described brake pads is identical, and equal and opposite in direction is near encircling the brake pad number of a side in described backboard lower than the brake pad number near described backboard outer shroud.
Centered by the center of rotation of the brake disc that coordinates with described brake pad, radiation all is coated with described brake pad on any radius on described backboard.
Distance between adjacent described brake pad is between 5-20mm.
Described rotation prevention structure is the anti-bull stick that is fixedly connected on described backboard.
The rubbing surface of described brake pad has two parallel straight flanges, and parallel straight flange two ends connect by circular arc; Described straight flange is arranged along described backboard toroidal direction.
Be provided for realizing elastic support sheet or the dish spring of floating connection between described brake pad and described backboard.
Described elastic support sheet comprises, spherical is fitted and connected with the spherical supporting portion of described brake pad; The bottom centre of described spherical forms pilot hole; Be arranged at some support ratchets in the described spherical outside, described support ratchet extends away from described pilot hole direction to bottom and the tendency of described spherical from the edge of described spherical, the connection edge of described support ratchet is connected by the section of seamlessly transitting with the edge of described spherical, and the support edge that described support ratchet is relative with described connection edge extends beyond the bottom of described spherical.
Described support ratchet comprises one section conical junction surface and one section columniform supporting surface, and described junction surface and described supporting surface pass through arc transition.
Described spherical is comprised of edge land portions and bottom land portions, the radius of curvature of described edge land portions is less than the radius of curvature of described bottom land portions, described edge land portions contacts with the land portions face of described brake lining brake pad, and leaves the gap between described bottom land portions and described brake lining brake pad.
The outside along described spherical is symmetrical arranged 4 described support ratchets, and between adjacent described support ratchet, by U-shaped opening transition, the mouth end and the described section of seamlessly transitting of described U-shaped opening have a determining deviation.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
(1) in brake pad of the present invention, encircle to the outer shroud some layers of brake pad of arranging along interior on the backboard of fan annular, the adjacent layer brake pad arranges the gap, and simultaneously, not moulding radiation hole on the rubbing surface of brake pad is a polishing plane; This structure can guarantee that the brake back plate thermal diffusivity is better on the one hand, on the other hand, can make the buffing landing in the gap between brake pad relatively easily when sleety weather uses of this brake pad, with respect to existing floating type brake pad, the phenomenon of having avoided buffing to accumulate.
(2) in brake pad of the present invention, the friction area of brake pad is encircled to outer shroud along backboard interior and is increased progressively arrangement, and it can guarantee that the higher outer shroud rubbing surface of linear velocity is larger, and the interior ring rubbing surface that linear velocity is lower is lower, being heated evenly of whole brake pad makes the working life of backboard higher.In order further to improve the heat dispersion of brake back plate, centered by the center of rotation of the brake disc that coordinates with brake pad, radiation all is coated with described brake pad on any radius on described backboard.Further, in brake pad of the present invention, between adjacent brake pad, distance is in the 5-20mm scope, and between brake pad, distance is comparatively even, has further improved the heat dispersion of brake pad.
(3) use the floating connection that elastic support sheet is realized brake pad and backboard in brake pad of the present invention, elastic support sheet be provided for supporting the brake lining brake pad land portions spherical and be positioned at the support ratchet in the spherical outside, the support ratchet is fixed in the positioning hole of friction block, when bullet train is braked, brake pad is by the spherical float support, can freely adjust the best effort face, brake pad is increased with the effective brake area that contacts of brake disc, alleviated the eccentric wear phenomenon of brake pad.And spherical is connected by smooth transition surface with supporting between ratchet, when brake pad is subject to larger stress, stress outwards can be disperseed, and the support ratchet is outwards stretched.Than the structure of existing brake pad, the support performance of elastic support sheet of the present invention and elasticity all improve greatly.
(4) in elastic support sheet of the present invention, support ratchet and comprise one section conical junction surface and one section columniform supporting surface, junction surface and supporting surface pass through arc transition.Reduced the problem that stress is concentrated, more be beneficial to the support ratchet and outwards carry out resiliently deformable.
(5) in elastic support sheet of the present invention, between adjacent described support ratchet, by U-shaped opening transition, the mouth end and the described section of seamlessly transitting of U-shaped opening have a determining deviation; Because the section of seamlessly transitting that supports between ratchet and spherical is the main stress concentrated position of elastic support sheet, U-shaped opening with seamlessly transit spacer segment one segment distance the supportive of elastic support sheet is improved, avoided the poor phenomenon that causes ratchet to fracture of support force.
Description of drawings
For content of the present invention is more likely to be clearly understood, the below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is sleety weather of the present invention with the structural representation of floating type brake pad;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of brake pad;
Fig. 3 is the linkage structure schematic diagram of anti-bull stick and backboard;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of jump ring;
Fig. 5 is the plan view of elastic support sheet;
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of elastic support sheet;
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of another kind of elastic support sheet.
In figure, reference character is expressed as:
The 1-backboard, 11-positioning hole, 12-ream flat hole, 2-brake pad, 21-friction piece, 22-locating piece, 221-locating groove, 23-dunnage, the 3-jump ring, 31-supporting leg, the circular collar of 32-, the 4-elastic support sheet, 41-spherical, 411-pilot hole, the 412-edge, 42-supports ratchet, the 43-section of seamlessly transitting, 421-connects edge, the 422-support edge, and 5-prevents bull stick.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, use following examples that the present invention is further set forth.
Fig. 1 is the floating type brake pad of sleety weather of the present invention, and it comprises, backboard 1, and described backboard 1 is the fan loop configuration of two ends by arc transition; Several brake pads 2, but described brake pad 2 floating grounds are connected on described backboard 1, encircle to the outer shroud described brake pad 2 of multilayer of arranging along described backboard 1 interior, between the described brake pad 2 of adjacent layer, rotation prevention structure is set, the rubbing surface of described brake pad 2 is the plane of a polishing.
Therefore due to the linear velocity of the linear velocity of encircling in described brake lining lower than described brake lining outer shroud, for the friction that keeps backboard is heated evenly, the friction area of described brake pad 2 is encircled to outer shroud along described backboard 1 interior is increased progressively spread configuration.In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the shape of some described brake pads 2 is identical, equal and opposite in direction, near brake pad 2 numbers of interior ring one side of described backboard 1 lower than brake pad 2 numbers near described backboard 1 outer shroud.Distance between adjacent described brake pad 2 is between 5-20mm.
More even for brake pad when work is heated, as shown in Figure 1, centered by the center of rotation of the brake disc that coordinates with described brake pad, radiation all is coated with described brake pad 2 on any radius on described backboard 1.
Described brake pad 2 is by friction piece 21, locating piece 22 and dunnage 23 one sinter moldings, and the rubbing surface of the described friction piece 21 of described brake pad 2 has two parallel straight flanges, and parallel straight flange two ends connect by circular arc; Described dunnage 23 is the thin plate of spherical structure for the middle part, and its profile is consistent with the shape of described friction piece 21, and its land portions consists of spherical supporting portion; Described locating piece 22 1 ends insert in described backboard 1, and the other end is connected with described friction piece 21.Form locating groove 221 on one side of the described backboard 1 of the insertion of described locating piece 22.
Described rotation prevention structure is the anti-bull stick 5 that is fixedly connected on described backboard 1.In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, described anti-bull stick 5 is the rivet of riveting with described backboard 1.The straight portion of described friction piece 21 is arranged along described backboard 1 toroidal direction.The part of facing directly at each described brake pad 2 arranges the rotation that 1 or 2 rivets are used for preventing described brake pad 2.
As shown in Figure 2, be provided for realizing the elastic support sheet 4 of floating connection between described brake pad 2 and described backboard 1.In the flat hole 12 of the ream that described elastic support sheet 4 is positioned over described backboard, the locating piece 22 of described brake pad 2 passes described elastic support sheet 4 and described backboard 1 successively, is connected in by jump ring 3 in the positioning hole 11 of described backboard.As shown in Figure 4, described jump ring 3 is by the spring steel bending and molding, and it comprises two supporting legs 31 and circular collar 32, and described circular collar 32 is connected on the locating groove 221 of described locating piece 22.
As shown in Figure 6, described elastic support sheet 4 comprises, the spherical 41 that is fitted and connected with the described spherical supporting portion of described brake pad 2; The bottom centre of described spherical 41 forms and is suitable for the pilot hole 411 that described locating piece 22 passes; Be arranged at some support ratchets 42 in described spherical 41 outsides, described support ratchet 42 extends away from described pilot hole 411 directions to bottom and the tendency of described spherical 41 from the edge 412 of described spherical 41, the connection edge 421 of described support ratchet 42 is connected by the section of seamlessly transitting 43 with the edge of described spherical 41, and the support edge 422 that described support ratchet 42 is relative with described connection edge 421 extends beyond the bottom of described spherical 41.Described support ratchet 42 comprises one section conical junction surface 423 and one section columniform supporting surface 424, and described junction surface 423 passes through arc transition with described supporting surface 424.Described spherical 41 is comprised of one section sphere, and described spherical 41 contacts with the land portions face of described brake lining brake pad.
As shown in Figure 5, be symmetrical arranged 4 described support ratchets 42 along the outside of described spherical 41, between adjacent described support ratchet 42, by U-shaped opening 44 transition, the mouth end and the described section of seamlessly transitting 43 of described U-shaped opening 44 have a determining deviation.
In other mode of executions, for the slipping that makes brake pad more flexible, as shown in Figure 7, the described spherical 41 of described elastic support sheet 4 is comprised of edge land portions and bottom land portions, the radius of curvature of described edge land portions is less than the radius of curvature of described bottom land portions, described edge land portions contacts with the land portions face of described brake lining brake pad, and leaves the gap between described bottom land portions and described brake lining brake pad.
In other mode of executions, what be used for realizing floating connection between described brake pad 2 and described backboard 1 can also be the dish spring that is arranged between described brake pad 2 and described backboard 1.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example clearly is described, and is not the restriction to mode of execution.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give all mode of executions exhaustive.And the apparent variation of being extended out thus or change still are among the protection domain of the invention.