CN1031169A - Combine harvester of sectional cutting type - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to combine, particularly the invention of 4LF series combine harvester of sectional cutting type.It is characteristics of utilizing the grain tassel part growing height quite consistent, cuts the eared haulm feeding threshing and cleaning that accounts for overall height 1/5～1/4 with ceding of Taiwan upper strata cutter, and the long shoot stalk row that lower floor's cutter cuts off collects separately to the field.The feeding thing reduces 3/4～4/5, live load, power consumption are descended at double, and dwindle complicated huge threshing cleaning unit and improve the speed of travel and created condition for simplifying, thereby make that combine possesses efficiently, the characteristics of low consumption, high economic indicator, particularly help miniaturization.

Description

Combine harvester of sectional cutting type

The invention relates to grain combine, particularly the invention of 4LF series combine harvester of sectional cutting type.

This combine belongs to the category of all feeding-in combine, it can be towed, self-propelled or underslung, its operation part, equally also form by cutting, middle conveying and threshing cleaning unit etc., the difference that it is compared with the prior art outstanding, the ceding of Taiwan that mainly is it has upper and lower two groups of cutters, is that it possesses the complicated huge straw shaker of cancellation and the condition of multi-level sorting screen, thereby threshing cleaning unit can be simplified greatly and be dwindled.

In existing grain combine, with the small-sized half-feeding combine that turns to one of its main feature, it carries out threshing with clamping chain clamping crop cane, because wheat straw matter is crisp easily broken, facts have proved that it is the mechanization integration of operation of incompatibility wheat also; The all feeding-in combine that is widely used in harvesting wheat so far, the big portion of crop cane and even whole during then owing to operation, all feed threshing cleaning unit together in company with grain ear, cause this device live load overweight, especially adopt axial flow to refer to the suspension type all feeding-in combine of rod drum, its threshing cleaning unit power drain accounts for the percentage of engine general power, often up to more than 60%, in this case, for guaranteeing that combine is still with specified feed quantity operation, the speed of travel of machine just must reduce greatly, and the productivity ratio of combine normally is directly proportional with the speed of travel; Point out that according to another relevant research every meter swath power demand of (existing) all feeding-in combine is about following numerical value:

Towed 4.8-11kw/m(6.5-15ps/m);

Self-propelled 9.5-14.7kw/m(13-20ps/m);

Suspension type 15.4-17kw/m(20.5-22.7ps/m);

This shows, if the principle of being followed with prior art manufactures and designs employing ¹² ₁₅Horsepower engine or tractor with small four wheels are power, and have the small-sized all feeding-in combine of suitable high production rate and high economic indicator, almost are impossible.

Task of the present invention, mainly be to solve the insurmountable so far difficult problem of prior art, promptly under the prerequisite of guaranteeing high efficiency, high operation quality, high economic indicator, make all feeding-in combine miniaturization that is applicable to the particularly high bar High-yield Wheat results of rice wheat, make large and medium-sized combine possess higher productivity ratio and economic indicator besides.

Be noted that large-scale combine obviously can't be got involved the agricultural production in the vast rural area of contracting based on plot of China in the quite long period of history; (1980-1986 drags 453.2 ten thousand of output for a short time and China develops very fast fraction horsepower tractor, wherein tractor with small four wheels is about 2,500,000), be suitable for supporting agricultural machinery owing to lack, the overwhelming majority only is used to transportation and can not effect should be arranged performance in direct agricultural production, thereby the exploitation especially high bar High-yield Wheat producing region, the vast rural area of China press for, can with the matching used baby combine of tractor with small four wheels, not only its urgency is arranged, and its wide prospect is arranged.

The task that the present invention proposes, finish with following proposal: utilize the quite consistent characteristics of the especially high bar High-yield Wheat of cereal fringe portion growing height, by the cutter sweep that possesses upper and lower two groups of cutters, high bar High-yield Wheat is carried out the layering cutting, the band ear stem bar feeding threshing cleaning unit that allows upper strata (section) account for overall height 1/5～1/4 is handled, and by the no spike length cane that lower floor's cutter cuts off, then directly arrange and collect separately to the field.

Under these conditions, its threshing cleaning unit calculates with the unit are in soil the treating capacity of feeding thing, reduces 3/4～4/5 than prior art, and the live load of this device and power drain also reduce significantly with regard to corresponding; A large amount of minimizings of foreign material such as broken cane are adopted air flow cleaning and are cancelled huge straw shaker, dwindle threshing cleaning unit thereby simplify greatly, are that full maturity is feasible technically; Owing to there is not the phenomenon of a large amount of long shoot bar wrapped folder emersion objects, carries secretly and shed loss and can minimize; The feeding thing reduces 3/4～4/5, and the power drain of delivery chute and construction size thereof also can correspondingly reduce; The header power drain is accounting for about 15% of engine power on the prior art, increase by one group of power consumption that cutter increased progressively, and is no more than by 1/3 of power that threshing cleaning unit is saved; If feed quantity parameter constant, because it is a lot of to comprise that except that walking the integration of operation power consumption of operations such as cutting, conveying, threshing and cleaning descends, when identical swath, the feeding thing reduces in a large number on the unit length soil, combine just can be under the very sufficient condition of the walking margin of power, carry out harvest operation with the very high speed of travel, thus the production efficiency of increasing substantially; The existence of above factors has guaranteed that the present invention not only has efficiently, the characteristics of low consumption, high economic indicator, and is particularly conducive to the miniaturization of combine.

The present invention is applicable to the update of large and medium-sized combine, more help developing extremely promising, can do hang supporting baby combine with 12-25 horsepower tractor with small four wheels; And with the baby combine of layering cutting mode operation, owing to can the very high speed of travel carry out harvest operation, its productivity ratio is enough to reach or near existing large-scale combine, and considerably beyond existing medium-sized suspension type rice/wheat combine.

The cutter sweep of 4LF series combine harvester of sectional cutting type, the distance between its upper and lower cutter, concrete conditions such as the growing height of visual field crop are adjusted; Under removal, behind the cutter, can be used for the results of short bar wheat or paddy rice equally.

Content of the present invention:

1, the ceding of Taiwan of this combine is similar to known technology, also by dustpan shape ceding of Taiwan cell body, be installed on the floating type auger conveyor that has eccentric driving lever in the cell body, be installed on the reciprocating cutterbar in forward position, cell body bottom, cam-action reel and the institutes such as nearside divider and transmission mechanism that are placed in ceding of Taiwan front upper place by support arm form, it is characterized in that:

A, in the ceding of Taiwan the additional one group of following cutter sweep that can do to adjust up and down, its integral body is a shape structure, on its crossbeam double throw knife is installed, its two heel post is plugged in the rectangular tubular socket joint of ceding of Taiwan front end both sides;

The transmission of b, upper and lower cutter is to change the rotation of the ceding of Taiwan final drive shaft horizontal hunting of upper cutter knife swing arm into by toggle, by the connecting rod that connects swing arm and cutter, makes the knife section group reciprocating in guard again; In the axis hole of upper cutter knife swing arm, there are one or six prismatic long balance staffs to pass, its lower end connects with the wobble gear that is installed in down the cutter sweep column lower end, then connect with another wobble gear of this gears engaged with following cutter swing arm, by connecting rod, cutter is done and the opposite reciprocating motion of last cutter direction;

C, down the cutter sweep rear is provided with row's straw device, does not discharge neat lay in order to will there be the spike length cane, the also row's of establishing straw device not, leave the long shoot bar conduct oneself with dignity and the effect of machine forwarding speed under swing to the rear; Following cutter sweep both sides are provided with spacing land wheel, and cutter injects in the soil when preventing operation, and guarantee the cutting height unanimity;

The elevator of d, the ceding of Taiwan adopts parallel-crank mechanism, to guarantee that the ceding of Taiwan on the arbitrary height of adjustable extent, all can keep the angular relationship on its given cutting angle and ceding of Taiwan bottom land and ground constant;

2, the feature of conveying plant is in the middle of this combine: it takes totally-enclosed two sections can roll over the radial type delivery chute, the variation of air line distance between ceding of Taiwan delivery outlet and the threshing cleaning unit feeding mouth when adapting to taiwan cut off and landing; This device case utilizes hinged the forming of this device main driving wheel wheel shaft by the two sections rectangular tubular bodies in front and back, and hinge portion can be to the arch folding, and its rear and front end is then hinged with ceding of Taiwan delivery outlet and thresher feeding mouth respectively; This device is to utilize two groups of spaces to intersect the band moving tooth V belt of transmissions to feed thing and carry, its initiatively multi-joint vee-pulley be positioned at hinged place in the middle of the cell body, the passive multi-joint vee-pulley in the front and back of each tool tensioning apparatus, then cell body import and export place everywhere;

3, the threshing cleaning unit of this connection grain header, also similar to the prior art, it is characterized in that cancelling complicated huge straw shaker and cleaned screen banks, when workover rig is done traction or self-propelled configuration, the underlying paddle wheel fan that directly retreats before this device adopts, the air-flow impurities removal is cleaned, during suspension arrangements, adopt on the back and put the suction type paddle wheel fan, air-flow impurities removal selection by winnowing; Winnow curved tube top is provided with dust flue, uses the light foreign material of carrying secretly in the paddy process of dirt awns and discharges thus.

Compared with the prior art the present invention has following advantage:

1, designs simplification as a whole, volume-diminished, weight reduction, trafficability characteristic is good, and adaptability is strong;

2, threshing and cleaning load and power consumption reduce significantly, and the walking power deposit is sufficient, can use very high speed of travel operation, thereby can increase substantially productivity ratio;

3, the workpiece of threshing cleaning unit, all moving with shock-free widely different transhipment, power consumption is little, and fault is few, reliability height, long service life;

4, the feeding thing reduces in a large number, and no long shoot bar enters threshing cleaning unit, and separating cleaning is easy, does not have the problem of long shoot bar wrapped folder emersion object, cleannes height, percentage of damage and to shed loss rate slight;

5, parallel lifting is done in the ceding of Taiwan, helps keeping the optimum Cutting angle and reduces ceding of Taiwan loss;

6, can miniaturization, especially can with the supporting small-sized suspension type combine harvester of sectional cutting type of the little four-wheel of the great 12-25 horsepower of national owning amount, be particularly conducive to popularizing of China's vast rural area harvest operation mechanization, to guarantee the cereal crops high yield good harvest of vast rural area, should be extremely significant.

Accompanying drawing has been described one embodiment of the present of invention.

Accompanying drawing 1,

Accompanying drawing 2,4LF-* 1.4 type combine general layouts.(end view)

Accompanying drawing 3, cutter sweep end view.

Accompanying drawing 4, cutting gear train shaft are surveyed schematic diagram.

Accompanying drawing 5, delivery chute end view.

The vertical view of accompanying drawing 6, accompanying drawing 5.

Accompanying drawing 7, threshing cleaning unit end view.

Fig. 1 has described the course of work of small-sized suspension type combine harvester of sectional cutting type: the last cutter 306 in the ceding of Taiwan 3 cuts the band ear stem bar that accounts for overall height 1/5～1/4, by header auger 302 and delivery chute 4, feeding threshing cleaning unit 5 carries out the threshing separating cleaning, broken cane and light foreign material are discharged by grass-removing wheel 509 and negative pressure fan 510, cereal pours into gunnysack collection dress by collection paddy screw feeder and conveyer 505 by going out paddy curved tube 506 and breeches pipe 507, and go out the light foreign material of carrying secretly in the paddy process of dirt awns, then discharge by the dust flue 508 that goes out paddy curved tube top; The following cutter 305 of the ceding of Taiwan will not be swung to the rear after will having the cut-out of spike length cane naturally under the effect of its deadweight and machine forwarding speed, or will discharge neat lay by row's straw device (not shown), collect separately then.

Fig. 2: ceding of Taiwan assembly 3 and threshing cleaning unit 5, by underframe 2, suspension arrangements is in the rear and front end of tractor with small four wheels 1 respectively, and the two sections import and export ends that can roll over radial type delivery chute 4 then are articulated in the delivery outlet of the ceding of Taiwan 3 and the feeding mouth of threshing cleaning unit 5 respectively.

Fig. 3: in the dustpan shape body 301 of the ceding of Taiwan 3, the auger conveyor 302 that has eccentric flexible driving lever that output can fluctuate is housed, the body front end is equipped with the reciprocating type cutter 306 of going up, and eccentric type straw shift wheel 309 is arranged at the front upper place of cutter 306 by support arm and strut; Following cutter 305 is installed on the cross member of Qian shape shape frame 304, and two heel posts of Qian shape knife rest are plugged in the rectangular tubular socket joint of ceding of Taiwan body 301 front end both sides, can the slide down transposition save; Nearside divider 307 is equipped with in the place ahead of ceding of Taiwan both sides, and the rear of Qian shape knife rest 304 is provided with row's straw device (not shown), and 304 lower ends, two proceeds posterolateral are provided with spacing land wheel 303; Parallelogram elevating mechanism support arm 311 and 312 front end are articulated on the pivoting support of ceding of Taiwan body 301 rear walls, its rear end then with underframe 2 on bearing 201 hinged, utilize the oil cylinder 313 that is articulated in lifting arm 312 and bearing 201, make ceding of Taiwan oscilaltion; Illuminating lamp 310 and reflective monitoring oscilloscop 308 also are housed in the ceding of Taiwan.

Fig. 4: the ceding of Taiwan final drive shaft 314 that is positioned at downside after the ceding of Taiwan, by the toggle 315 that connects with it, rotation is converted into the horizontal hunting of the upper cutter knife swing arm 316 that is installed on ceding of Taiwan front side, and the connecting rod 317 that swing arm 316 drives and it is connected with upper cutter knife 306 makes upper cutter knife reciprocating; There are one or six prismatic long balance staffs 318 to pass in the axis hole of swing arm 316, its lower end and wobble gear 319 key connecting that are installed on Qian shape knife rest column lower end, with gear 318 meshed gears 320, then connect with the minor axis key that the lower end is connected with following cutter swing arm 321 keys, by reaching the hinged connecting rod 322 of knife section group of cutter 305 down, make down cutter be in reverse to the reciprocating motion of upper cutter knife with swing arm 321.

Fig. 5: leading portion delivery chute cell body 401 and back segment cell body 402, utilize the axle of conveyer belt driving wheel 403 hinged, the trench bottom of hinged place utilizes elasticity plate 407 sealed against leakage; Conveyer belt driving wheel 403, preceding follower 404 and back follower 406 are multi-joint pulley concial disk, and forward and backward follower 404 and 406 all has tensioning apparatus, and preceding follower 404 utilizes floating bracket 410 to fluctuate; Forward and backward two groups of conveyer belts 405 are the V belt of being with moving tooth, and they are (see figure 6)s of cross arrangement in opposite directions.

Fig. 6: 401 delivery chute cell body leading portions, 402 cell body back segments, follower before the 403 conveyer belt driving wheels, 404 conveyer belts, 405 conveyer belts, follower behind 406 conveyer belts, 4408 and 409 follower tensioning apparatus, 410 follower floating brackets.

Fig. 7: thresher body 501, the cover cap 502 of band spiral guide plate, axial flow refers to rod drum 503; grid concave plate 504, collection paddy screw feeder and conveyer 505 go out paddy curved tube 506; go out paddy breeches pipe 507; dust flue 508, grass-removing wheel 509, negative pressure fan 510; Lysimachia sikokiana grid 511; split-wind plate 512 keeps off careless grid 513, grain collecting platform 514.

Claims (3)

1, grain combine, combine harvester of sectional cutting type particularly, the ceding of Taiwan, middle conveying plant and threshing cleaning unit are housed on it, it is characterized in that: have spacing in the ceding of Taiwan 3 and do reverse reciprocating cutter 305 and 306 for adjustable two groups, this ceding of Taiwan be by the support arm 311 of parallel four limit row mechanisms and 312 and underframe to prop up arm seat 201 hinged, and make the ceding of Taiwan do parallel lifting.

2, according to the combine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: can roll over radial type with hinged two sections of the ceding of Taiwan 3 delivery outlets and threshing cleaning unit 5 feeding mouths respectively and carry and scull 4, coupling part also is hinged in the middle of it, its conveyer belt 402 is the V belt of two groups of band moving teeth, and forward and backward two groups of conveyer belt spaces intersect turns round.

3, according to the combine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: what connect conveyer 505 and go out paddy breeches pipe 507 goes out paddy curved tube 506, and its top is provided with dust flue 508.

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