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CN103094597B - Microbial fuel cell with function of efficiently and synchronously removing nitrogen and carbon - Google Patents

Microbial fuel cell with function of efficiently and synchronously removing nitrogen and carbon Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103094597B
CN103094597B CN201310029011.8A CN201310029011A CN103094597B CN 103094597 B CN103094597 B CN 103094597B CN 201310029011 A CN201310029011 A CN 201310029011A CN 103094597 B CN103094597 B CN 103094597B
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room
anaerobic digestion
anammox
anaerobic
fuel cell
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CN103094597A (en
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郑平
张吉强
厉魏
张萌
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a microbial fuel cell with a function of efficiently and synchronously removing nitrogen and carbon. The microbial fuel cell mainly comprises an anaerobic digestion chamber and an anaerobic ammonia oxidation chamber. Anaerobic digestion sludge is inoculated in the anaerobic digestion chamber; organic wastewater is taken as fuel; organic matters are decomposed by heterotrophic bacteria to release electrons; anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge is inoculated in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation chamber; nitrogen wastewater is taken as a cathode solution; nitrite nitrogen is taken as an electron accepter; and ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are converted into nitrogen gas by anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria, so that nitrogen and carbon are synchronously removed and electrons received by an anaerobic digestion anode are transmitted to an anaerobic ammonia oxidation cathode through an external circuit for power generation. According to the microbial fuel cell, the organic wastewater and the nitrogen-containing wastewater can be treated at the same time, so that nitrogen and carbon can be efficiently and synchronously removed for power generation; nitrite nitrogen is utilized as the electron acceptor, so that the running cost of the microbial fuel cell can be lowered; and alkali-containing outlet water in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation chamber flows back to the anaerobic digestion chamber, so that the problem of acidification of an anode solution is alleviated and the running stability is improved.

Description

Microbial fuel cell
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological fuel cell, particularly relate to a kind of microbial fuel cell.
Background technology
Along with the quick growth of global economy, the pressure of energy shortage and environmental pollution sharply increases, and constitutes serious threat to human social.Microbiological fuel cell can utilize microbe, for catalyst, chemical energy is converted into electric energy, is a kind of new clean energy resource production technology, has become the study hotspot of current energy source and environmental area.
Containing many pollutants in waste water, contain a large amount of chemical energy.Utilize MFCs technology to process waste water, not only can pollution treatment, and can electric energy be reclaimed, it is the great innovation of wastewater processing technology.Due to the major pollutants that organic pollution is in waste water, therefore first people have carried out large quantity research utilizing in MFCs process organic wastewater, and achieve major progress.
Microbiological fuel cell technology illustrates good application prospect in field of waste water treatment, but is applied to waste water treatment, also has many problems demand to solve.First, existing microbiological fuel cell utilizes anaerobic digestion techniques process organic wastewater to achieve better effects, but its denitrification effect is also not satisfactory, in today that nitrate pollution is day by day serious, exploitation has simultaneous denitrification except the trend of the times of carbon functional microbiological fuel cell; Secondly, negative electrode cost is higher, limits its promotion and application, and the cathode electronics acceptors such as the iron cyanide, permanganate and bichromate are non-renewable, and need often change, be that the cathode load of electron acceptor needs the noble metal catalysts such as Pt with oxygen, and aeration power consumption is large; Again, easily there is acidifying in anolyte, causes technique unstability, due to the difference of separation membrane both sides ion permeability, anolyte pH decline acidifying, anode chamber's microbial activity is declined, and cell output reduces, and stability test declines, for maintaining the stable of anolyte pH, adopt adds high-concentration phosphoric acid salt buffer solution more in anolyte at present, and cost is higher, also easily causes secondary pollution.
Anammox take ammonia as electron donor, and nitrite is the microbial reaction that electron acceptor produces nitrogen.Due to economical and efficient, anaerobic ammonia oxidation process has become the important technology of denitrogenation of waste water.Anammox is combined with anaerobic digestion techniques, simultaneous denitrification de-carbon can be realized; Nitrite nitrogen both as the electron donor of Anammox, can also can be used as the cathode electronics donor of microbiological fuel cell, effectively can reduce the negative electrode cost of microbiological fuel cell; Anammox is one and produces alkali reaction, by its effluent recycling to anode chamber, effectively can alleviate anolyte acidifying problem, reduce maintenance cost, improve its operation stability.
For many defects of existing microbiological fuel cell technology, the present invention utilizes microbial fuel cell to process organic wastewater and nitrogenous effluent, realizes synchronous denitrogenation of waste water de-carbon and biological electrogenesis, significantly reduces waste water treatment expense; Utilize Anammox reactant nitrite as electron acceptor, effectively can reduce the operating cost of microbiological fuel cell; Utilize anaerobic ammonia oxidation effluent to regulate anolyte pH, effectively solve anolyte acidifying problem, reduce maintenance cost, improve the operation stability of microbiological fuel cell, increase its electrogenesis power.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of microbial fuel cell is provided.
Microbial fuel cell comprises anaerobically digested sludge, water inlet pipe, anolyte, outlet pipe, anode, anaerobic digestion room, probe sleeve for subsequent use, flange, separation membrane, wire, load, Anammox room, negative electrode, catholyte, return duct, anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge, anaerobic digestion room lower sides is provided with water inlet pipe, anaerobic digestion room upper portion side wall is provided with outlet pipe, anaerobic digestion indoor are provided with anaerobic digestion anode, anolyte is equipped with in anaerobic digestion indoor, anaerobically digested sludge is inoculated in anolyte, anaerobic digestion anode adheres to anaerobically digested sludge, top, anaerobic digestion room is provided with probe sleeve for subsequent use, Anammox room lower sides is provided with water inlet pipe, Anammox room upper portion side wall is provided with outlet pipe, Anammox indoor are provided with Anammox negative electrode, catholyte is equipped with in Anammox indoor, anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge is inoculated in catholyte, Anammox negative electrode adheres to anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge, top, Anammox room is provided with probe sleeve for subsequent use, Flange joint is passed through in anaerobic digestion room and Anammox room, flange is fixed with separation membrane, anaerobic digestion room is communicated with by return duct with Anammox room, load two ends are connected with Anammox negative electrode with anaerobic digestion anode respectively by wire.
The ratio of the volume of described anaerobic digestion room and the volume of Anammox room is 1:1, and the volume of anaerobically digested sludge is 1/10 ~ 1/4 with the ratio of the volume of anaerobic digestion room, and the volume of anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge is 1/10 ~ 1/4 with the ratio of the volume of Anammox room.
Described anolyte is organic wastewater, and catholyte is for containing ammonia and nitrite waste water.
Described anaerobic digestion anode and the electric conducting material of Anammox negative electrode are carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, graphite felt or graphite cake, distance between anaerobic digestion anode and Anammox negative electrode is 2 ~ 10cm, and the area of anaerobic digestion anode is 8 ~ 50 m with the ratio of the volume of anaerobic digestion room 2: 1 m 3, the area of Anammox negative electrode is 8 ~ 50 m with the ratio of the volume of Anammox room 2: 1 m 3
The material of described separation membrane is cation-exchange membrane, anion-exchange membrane, proton exchange membrane, Bipolar Membrane, microfiltration membranes or milipore filter.
The beneficial effect that the present invention compared with prior art has: (1) combined anaerobic digestion, Anammox and microbiological fuel cell technology, realize high efficiency synchronous removal of carbon and nitrogen electrogenesis, reduces cost for wastewater treatment.(2) with Anammox reactant nitrite nitrogen for electron donor, the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another, reduces negative electrode cost.(3) utilize anaerobic ammonia oxidation effluent to regulate anolyte pH, effectively solve anolyte acidifying problem, reduce maintenance cost, improve the operation stability of microbiological fuel cell, increase its electrogenesis power.Test proves, the microbial fuel cell developed accordingly can realize efficient denitrification de-carbon, and runnability is stablized, and electrogenesis power is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is microbial fuel cell structural representation;
In figure: anaerobically digested sludge 1, water inlet pipe 2, anolyte 3, outlet pipe 4, anode 5, anaerobic digestion room 6, probe sleeve for subsequent use 7, flange 8, separation membrane 9, wire 10, load 11, Anammox room 12, negative electrode 13, catholyte 14, return duct 15, anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge 16.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, microbial fuel cell comprises anaerobically digested sludge 1, water inlet pipe 2, anolyte 3, outlet pipe 4, anode 5, anaerobic digestion room 6, probe sleeve for subsequent use 7, flange 8, separation membrane 9, wire 10, load 11, Anammox room 12, negative electrode 13, catholyte 14, return duct 15, anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge 16, anaerobic digestion room 6 lower sides is provided with water inlet pipe 2, anaerobic digestion room 6 upper portion side wall is provided with outlet pipe 4, anaerobic digestion anode 5 is provided with in anaerobic digestion room 6, anaerobic digestion room 6 is built with anolyte 3, anaerobically digested sludge 1 is inoculated in anolyte 3, anaerobic digestion anode 5 adheres to anaerobically digested sludge 1, top, anaerobic digestion room 6 is provided with probe sleeve 7 for subsequent use, Anammox room 12 lower sides is provided with water inlet pipe 2, Anammox room 12 upper portion side wall is provided with outlet pipe 4, Anammox negative electrode 13 is provided with in Anammox room 12, Anammox room 12 is built with catholyte 14, anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge 16 is inoculated in catholyte 14, Anammox negative electrode 13 adheres to anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge 16, top, Anammox room 12 is provided with probe sleeve 7 for subsequent use, anaerobic digestion room 6 is connected by flange 8 with Anammox room 12, flange 8 is fixed with separation membrane 9, anaerobic digestion room 6 is communicated with by return duct 15 with Anammox room 12, load 11 two ends are connected with Anammox negative electrode 13 with anaerobic digestion anode 5 respectively by wire 10.
The ratio of the volume of described anaerobic digestion room 6 and the volume of Anammox room 12 is 1:1, the volume of anaerobically digested sludge 1 is 1/10 ~ 1/4 with the ratio of the volume of anaerobic digestion room 6, and the volume of anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge 16 is 1/10 ~ 1/4 with the ratio of the volume of Anammox room 12.
Described anolyte 3 is organic wastewater, and catholyte 14 is for containing ammonia and nitrite waste water.
Described anaerobic digestion anode 5 and the electric conducting material of Anammox negative electrode 13 are carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, graphite felt or graphite cake, distance between anaerobic digestion anode 5 and Anammox negative electrode 13 is 2 ~ 10cm, and the area of anaerobic digestion anode 5 is 8 ~ 50 m with the ratio of the volume of anaerobic digestion room 6 2: 1 m 3, the area of Anammox negative electrode 13 is 8 ~ 50 m with the ratio of the volume of Anammox room 12 2: 1 m 3
The material of described separation membrane 9 is cation-exchange membrane, anion-exchange membrane, proton exchange membrane, Bipolar Membrane, microfiltration membranes or milipore filter.
Anaerobically digested sludge is seeded to anaerobic digestion indoor, organic wastewater introduces anaerobic digestion room as fuel, organic substance decomposes release electronics through heterotroph, complete de-carbon process, Anammox room inoculation anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge, nitrogenous effluent introduces Anammox room, nitrite nitrogen is as electron donor, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are converted into nitrogen through anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, complete denitrification process, in anolyte, the electronics of organic substance decomposing release is received by anaerobic digestion anode, the electronics that anaerobic digestion anode accepts is through connecting wire and load transfer to Anammox negative electrode, electronics is used for the nitrite nitrogen reduction in catholyte, realize electrogenesis, Anammox room contains alkali effluent recycling to anaerobic digestion room, alleviate anolyte acidifying problem, make microbiological fuel cell stable operation.

Claims (1)

1. a microbial fuel cell, is characterized in that it comprises anaerobically digested sludge (1), water inlet pipe (2), anolyte (3), outlet pipe (4), anode (5), anaerobic digestion room (6), probe sleeve for subsequent use (7), flange (8), separation membrane (9), wire (10), load (11), Anammox room (12), negative electrode (13), catholyte (14), return duct (15), anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge (16), anaerobic digestion room (6) lower sides is provided with water inlet pipe (2), anaerobic digestion room (6) upper portion side wall is provided with outlet pipe (4), anode (5) is provided with in anaerobic digestion room (6), anaerobic digestion room (6) is built with anolyte (3), inoculation anaerobically digested sludge (1) in anolyte (3), anode (5) adheres to anaerobically digested sludge (1), anaerobic digestion room (6) top is provided with probe sleeve for subsequent use (7), Anammox room (12) lower sides is provided with water inlet pipe (2), Anammox room (12) upper portion side wall is provided with outlet pipe (4), negative electrode (13) is provided with in Anammox room (12), Anammox room (12) is built with catholyte (14), inoculation anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge (16) in catholyte (14), negative electrode (13) adheres to anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge (16), Anammox room (12) top is provided with probe sleeve for subsequent use (7), anaerobic digestion room (6) is connected by flange (8) with Anammox room (12), flange (8) is fixed with separation membrane (9), anaerobic digestion room (6) is communicated with by return duct (15) with Anammox room (12), load (11) two ends are connected with negative electrode (13) with anode (5) respectively by wire (10), the ratio of the volume of described anaerobic digestion room (6) and the volume of Anammox room (12) is 1:1, the ratio of the volume of anaerobically digested sludge (1) and the volume of anaerobic digestion room (6) is 1/10 ~ 1/4, and the ratio of the volume of anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge (16) and the volume of Anammox room (12) is 1/10 ~ 1/4, described anolyte (3) is organic wastewater, and catholyte (14) is for containing ammonia and nitrite waste water.
2 .a kind of microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the electric conducting material of described anode (5) and negative electrode (13) is carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, graphite felt or graphite cake, distance between anode (5) and negative electrode (13) is 2 ~ 10cm, and the ratio of the area of anode (5) and the volume of anaerobic digestion room (6) is 8 ~ 50 m 2: 1 m 3, the ratio of the area of negative electrode (13) and the volume of Anammox room (12) is 8 ~ 50 m 2: 1 m 3.
3 .a kind of microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that the material of described separation membrane (9) is cation-exchange membrane, anion-exchange membrane, proton exchange membrane, Bipolar Membrane, microfiltration membranes or milipore filter.
CN201310029011.8A 2013-01-25 2013-01-25 Microbial fuel cell with function of efficiently and synchronously removing nitrogen and carbon Expired - Fee Related CN103094597B (en)

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CN104064794B (en) * 2014-07-14 2016-04-13 中国海洋大学 A kind of microbiological fuel cell of in-situ remediation of underground water azotate pollution
CN105948222B (en) * 2016-06-23 2018-09-07 浙江大学 Anaerobic digestion denitrification anaerobic ammoxidation bioelectrochemical system and method
CN106186302B (en) * 2016-07-04 2019-10-29 中国环境科学研究院 A kind of device for repairing underground water based on electrode biomembrane and microbiological fuel cell
CN107098459B (en) * 2017-03-10 2020-08-11 广东工业大学 Electrochemical device and method for treating high-concentration ammonia nitrogen organic wastewater
CN107195940A (en) * 2017-06-20 2017-09-22 江南大学 The method of one kind reinforcing non-buffered microbiological fuel cell (BLMFC) electricity generation performance
CN108183251B (en) * 2017-12-26 2020-07-10 太原理工大学 Microbial fuel cell BCS1-MFC system for treating low C/N wastewater and wastewater treatment method thereof
CN109638327B (en) * 2018-12-19 2021-05-18 大连理工大学 Process for denitrification and power generation by using single-chamber anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge-microbial fuel cell device
CN109574201A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-04-05 华北电力大学 Organic and desulfurization wastewater microbiological fuel cell cooperative processing method and system
CN109704461A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-05-03 大连海洋大学 A kind of MFC cathode couples reactor and its application of SNAD
CN110156147B (en) * 2019-04-26 2022-04-08 内蒙古大学 Efficient denitrification and electrogenesis wastewater treatment method
CN111146484B (en) * 2020-01-21 2021-06-25 河海大学 Microbial fuel cell and method for promoting wastewater denitrification of microbial fuel cell
CN111573821A (en) * 2020-05-22 2020-08-25 盐城工学院 Electrode denitrification system based on autotrophic short-cut denitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation module
CN111807503A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-10-23 南京神克隆水务有限公司 Oxygen-limited microbial desalting tank and wastewater treatment method

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CN102324544A (en) * 2011-09-05 2012-01-18 浙江工商大学 Microbiological fuel cell for removing nitrogen and phosphorus
CN203119032U (en) * 2013-01-25 2013-08-07 浙江大学 Microorganism fuel battery capable of efficiently achieving synchronous denitrification and carbon removal

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CN102324544A (en) * 2011-09-05 2012-01-18 浙江工商大学 Microbiological fuel cell for removing nitrogen and phosphorus
CN203119032U (en) * 2013-01-25 2013-08-07 浙江大学 Microorganism fuel battery capable of efficiently achieving synchronous denitrification and carbon removal

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