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CN103038561B - 挤压成形元件 - Google Patents

挤压成形元件 Download PDF

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CN103038561B
CN103038561B CN201180017791.3A CN201180017791A CN103038561B CN 103038561 B CN103038561 B CN 103038561B CN 201180017791 A CN201180017791 A CN 201180017791A CN 103038561 B CN103038561 B CN 103038561B
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CN103038561A (zh
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A·B·塞莱
B·A·克拉森
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Aker Solutions AS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B3/00Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/18Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
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    • F17C2209/00Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
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    • F17C2221/00Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032Hydrocarbons
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    • F17C2223/00Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
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    • F17C2223/0146Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
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    • F17C2223/03Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
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Abstract

本发明提供一种适合于构造夹层结构的挤压成形梁元件,其中梁的横剖面包括两个平行板(2,3),每个具有第一部分(2)和第二部分(3),其中所述板(2)的第一部分通过多层腹板连接,其中至少两个所述腹板(1)相对于与板(2,3)垂直的纵向平面(Y)倾斜,且其中第一部分(2)和腹板(1,5)组成梁元件的相对刚性的部分,第二部分(3)组成梁元件的相对柔性的部分,以及包括所述梁元件的夹层面板和容器。

Description

挤压成形元件
技术领域
本发明涉及由铝制挤压成形件制成的容器,用于储存和运输流体,例如碳氢化合物,包括低温液化天然气。更具体的,本发明涉及新颖的挤压成形元件,其用于所述容器中使用的夹层板的建造,同时涉及由所述元件制成的容器。这包括可用于船、漂浮离岸机构、固定离岸结构以及陆地上的容器。 
背景技术
WO2006/001711A2描述了由夹层结构形式的壳制成的棱柱形容器,夹层结构包括两层金属的表面薄板,或者具有类似性能的材料,以及位于表面薄板之间的芯体,用于在薄板之间传递载荷,包括例如灌浆的材料,或者在两个薄板之间延伸的一组肋板或腹板。 
该结构可能包括双层液密屏障,并能经得起检测在两表面薄板之间的气体以及允许对在薄板之间的真空进行压力测试。这提供了增强的安全性,但夹层结构的主要优点在于其结构高效。 
发明目的 
本发明的目的是提供了新型的夹层结构,相对于现有技术,该结构具有减轻了重量同时提高了抗疲劳性的特点。 
发明内容
本发明由下面内容进一步定义: 
本发明的一个方面在于,一种适合于构造夹层结构的挤压成形梁元件,其中梁的横剖面包括两个平行板,每个板包括具有第一端的第一部分和具有第二端的第二部分,其中所述板的第一部分通过多个腹板互相连接,其中至少两个所述腹板相对于与板垂直的纵向平面倾斜,第一部分和腹板形成梁元件的相对刚性的部分,第二部分形成梁元件的相对柔性的部分。 
第二部分的相对柔性是由于它们没有被相对于垂直于板的纵向平面倾斜的腹板互相连接,更详细的,腹板与第二部分的一个形成三角构造。所述腹板提供更高的刚度,以及可能并不是梁元件的柔性部分的一部分。 
本发明的一个实施例包括上述的挤压成形梁元件,其中至少两个腹板与所述平行板的一个的第一部分组成三角构造。 
本发明的另一个实施例包括上述的挤压成形梁元件,其中至少一个腹板平行于垂直于板的纵向平面。 
本发明的另一实施例包括上述的挤压成形梁元件,其中平行板的一个的第一部分包括外部肋板,任选地,所述肋板在肋板的自由端包括凸缘。 
本发明的另一实施例包括上述的挤压成形梁元件,其中平行板的第二部分具有的宽度的范围是所述平行板总宽度的1/2到1/10,优选为2/5到1/7的范围。 
本发明的另一实施例包括上述挤压成形梁元件,其中平行板的第二部分的大部分具有比平行板的第一部分小的厚度。 
本发明的另一实施例包括上述的挤压成形梁元件,其中平行板的第二部分包括在第二端的较小部分,其具有比第二部分的主要部分更大的厚度。 
本发明的另一方面涉及夹层面板,其中所述面板包括多个如上所述的挤压成形梁元件。 
本发明的另一方面涉及用于存储液体的容器,其中所述容器的顶部、侧壁或者地板的至少一部分包括夹层结构,所述夹层结构包括如上所述的挤压成形梁元件和/或如上所述的夹层面板。 
在所述容器的一个实施例中,该容器用于存储在非常低的温度下的流体,并包括由在三个垂直的方向上的支撑和/或锚定张力拉杆形成的内部结构。 
附图说明
以下通过附图中示意示出的示例性实施例对本发明做更进一步的描述,其中: 
附图1显示了具有三角形部分和带有板连接的部分的挤压成形梁元件截面,这种梁挤压成形件构成面板。 
附图2显示了另一个可选的挤压成形截面。 
附图3显示了由多个挤压成形件焊接而成的夹层面板。 
附图4-6显示了根据现有技术的带有一致的夹层结构的外部壳的不同实施例的不同截面。 
附图7显示了根据本发明的夹层面板制成的容器的一部分的轴测图。 
具体实施方式
附图1显示了挤压成形梁元件的横截面,其构成了组装容器壳的面板。所述中心横截面由倾斜腹板1的截面和板2的截面以三角形的方式构造。在所述挤压成形件的一边或者两边设置悬臂板延伸部3。这些悬臂板连接在通过焊接连接各元件时变成被支撑,所述悬臂板连接在制成面板的各个梁元件之间提供柔性连接,所述面板组成壳。 
原则上,这种夹层挤压成形件从结构角度来看,最高效地是由大量小室构成。与此相反,小室的数量变小生产的成本就最有效。该悬臂板延伸部应该处于延伸部宽度的1/2和1/10之间,以提供期望柔性。这使得下面的结构是更可取的:延伸部中的小室的尺寸类似于悬臂部分的长度的尺寸。 
形成延伸部的一部分的肋板4可被用来形成到抑制由流体静压或气压引起的载荷的支架和张力梁的高效连接。该肋板可包括小凸缘,以引导自动焊接装备。 
悬臂板延伸部3具有比形成焊缝处的截面更小的厚度。一些铝合金中的焊缝具有比母体材料更低的强度。如果所述焊缝遭遇它们出现屈服的载荷,只有焊缝宽度会经历伸长。结果是,焊缝将会在很小变形下出现断裂。因为这个原因,基体金属的邻近焊缝的部分被制造得足够薄,使得在焊缝断裂前在基体金属内开始出现屈服。这确保了该结构以韧性的方式发挥作用。 
在挤压成形梁元件之间的短柔性板连接彻底地减小了由梁元件之间的约束引起的应力,因为应力将会只由板弯曲产生,而板弯曲的大小的量级小于梁弯曲的大小的量级。这种约束发生在平行壁和导致梁以不被绕垂直于腹板的主轴线弯曲的梁支撑的方式变形的其它结构附近。由这种约束引起的应力不会有效地对支撑所强加的载荷有贡献。如图4、5和6中图示的当前技术调动了远远更大的横向弯曲阻力,从而由于调动梁动作引起更大的约束。如在图5和6中所示,所述现有技术面板不会具有在当期发明中存在的柔性部分。缺少柔性是因为连接两个薄板的肋板/腹板的一致分布和凸缘的更大的厚度中的任一者或两者,这取决于哪种现有技术被考虑。 
使用根据本发明的新颖的挤压成形元件的效果是铝壳的重量被大大地减小。而且,更大的柔性还减少了疲劳。 
构成壳的面板通过连接多个挤压成形元件构成。 
因此,本发明的目标通过使用新颖的挤压成形元件构造夹层结构来获得, 该新颖的挤压成形元件带有由三角形元件组成的刚性部分和中间的高度柔性板元件。 
刚性部分为夹层梁提供了更有效的弯曲载荷能力,因为凸缘中的应力变成主要由梁弯曲引起,而由板弯曲引起的应力通过减小的所设置的多个腹板之间的距离被彻底减小。 
图2示出了另一个挤压成形梁元件的截面,带有根据与图1中示出的那个相同的原理设计的构造。除了由倾斜腹板1连接以外,板2也由平行板5连接,平行板5垂直于所述板2。 
图3示出了多个挤压成形件已经被焊接在一起以形成面板的截面。该图示出了如何通过将非常刚性部分锁定在三角形形状中来建立该非常刚性部分。每个挤压成形件仅通过板被一个接一个地连接,这提供了非常柔性的连接。 
图4示出了带有壳的外板6的实施例,其中芯材7、或者肋板或腹板8可替代地被设置,或者都被设置。 
图5示出的实施例中,三角形板的连续样式提供了夹层结构。 
图6示出的实施例中,板由肋板或腹板支撑。 
图4、5和6示出了先前以建立的技术的实施例。 
图7示出了容器的一部分,其中壳12由图1中示出的挤压成形件组成,该挤压成形件被制成图3中所示的面板。面板连接到支架11中,支架11连接到面板挤压成形件中肋板13。其它的锻造的拐角支架连接面板,其中肋板13在该拐角处相遇。支架还连接到张力梁9中,张力梁9抑制了内部流体静压和气压。在平行于肋板13的拐角中,板14加强所述拐角。 
图8示出了容器的内部结构。 

Claims (1)

1.一种适合于构造夹层结构的挤压成形梁元件,其中梁的横剖面包括两个平行板,其中,每个板包括具有第一端的第一部分(2)和具有第二端的第二部分(3),所述两个平行板的第一部分(2)通过多个腹板相互连接,其中至少两个所述腹板是相对于与所述两个平行板垂直的纵向平面(Y)倾斜的倾斜腹板(1),并且所述倾斜腹板(1)与所述两个平行板中的一个的第一部分(2)一起形成三角形构造,其特征在于,所述两个平行板的第二部分(3)不由相对于垂直于所述两个平行板的纵向平面(Y)倾斜并与第二部分(3)的一部分一起形成三角形构造的倾斜腹板(1)相互连接,并且所述两个平行板的第二部分(3)具有的宽度在所述两个平行板的总宽度的1/2到1/10的范围内,所述第二部分(3)包括主要部分和较小部分,所述较小部分位于所述第二端处,所述主要部分是所述第二部分(3)中除了所述较小部分之外的部分,其中所述较小部分具有比所述主要部分更大的厚度。
2. 如权利要求1所述的挤压成形梁元件,其特征在于,至少一个腹板是平行于垂直于所述两个平行板的纵向平面(Y)的平行腹板(5)。
3. 如权利要求1或2所述的挤压成形梁元件,其特征在于,所述两个平行板中的一个的第一部分(2)包括外部肋板(4)。
4. 如权利要求3所述的挤压成形梁元件,其特征在于,所述外部肋板包括位于所述外部肋板的自由端的凸缘。
5. 如权利要求1或2所述的挤压成形梁元件,其特征在于,所述两个平行板的第二部分(3)的宽度位于1/2到1/7的范围之内。
6. 如权利要求1或2所述的挤压成形梁元件,其特征在于,所述两个平行板的第二部分(3)的主要部分具有比所述两个平行板的第一部分(2)更小的厚度。
7. 一种夹层面板,其特征在于,所述面板包括多个如权利要求1到6中任一所述的挤压成形梁元件。
8. 一种用于存储流体的容器,其特征在于,所述容器的顶部、侧壁或者地板的至少一部分包括夹层架构,所述夹层结构包括如权利要求1到6中任一所述的挤压成形梁元件,和/或如权利要求7所述的夹层面板。
9. 如权利要求8所述的容器,其特征在于,该容器用于存储在非常低的温度下的液体,并包括由在三个垂直方向上的支撑和/或锚定张力拉杆(9)形成的内部结构。
CN201180017791.3A 2010-03-31 2011-03-31 挤压成形元件 Expired - Fee Related CN103038561B (zh)

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