Increase magnetic-type salient pole type hybrid exciting synchronous motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motor, particularly relate to a kind of to control air-gap field by the electrical excitation winding on rotor, and there is the hybrid exciting synchronous motor increasing magnetic-type reluctance torque.
Background technology
The mixed excitation electric machine set feature of magneto and electro-magnetic motor, can simply, flexibly, regulation motor gas-gap magnetic field economically, change the feature of winding induced potential.But, general mixed excitation electric machine is difficult to compared with conventional permanent magnet motor in power density index, and owing to more complicated structure causes difficulty of processing relatively big, practical value is less, is the most also not carried out the mixed excitation electric machine of batch production.
General ipm motor rotor structure is d-axis inductance and is less than quadrature axis inductance, and salient pole type electrical excitation rotor is then d-axis inductance more than quadrature axis inductance.In the case of applying the direct-axis current of quadrature axis current and weak magnetic effect, IPM rotor can produce the weak magnetic resistive torque of forward, and electrical excitation rotor produces reverse reluctance torque, and therefore both rotor structures are difficult to be unified in mixed excitation electric machine.
Additionally, the weak magnetic resistive torque that general ipm motor produces has certain side effect: 1) general ipm motor rotor, quadrature axis inductance is relatively big, and therefore the armature-reaction of quadrature axis is quite violent, and this can have a strong impact on the sine of field waveform;2) in order to produce the torque of forward, have the weak magnetic direct-axis current of certain amplitude, while weakening fundamental magnetic potential, increasing of magnetic field harmonics component can be caused the most simultaneously;3) weak magnetic direct-axis current can produce the strongest demagnetizing effect to magnet steel, and the safety of magnet steel is produced threat.
So, if having d-axis inductance more than quadrature axis inductance IPM rotor, just can produce the reluctance torque of the increasing magnetic of forward, being to increase magnetic direct-axis current and quadrature axis current due at this moment apply, there is no the side effect of weak magnetic resistive torque.Additionally, such IPM rotor and salient pole type electrical excitation rotor have good concordance in nature in reluctance torque, can well merge.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention, it is simply that in order to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, it is provided that a kind of have the hybrid exciting synchronous motor increasing magnetic resistive torque.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs techniques below scheme: one increases magnetic-type salient pole type hybrid exciting synchronous motor, mainly include that stator and rotor, described stator use the stator identical with Conventional permanent magnet synchronous motor stator structure;Described rotor is similar to salient pole type electric excitation synchronous motor rotor profile, has electrical excitation winding and quadrature axis air gap more than d-axis air gap;It is respectively designed with two " V " font magnet steel grooves on each magnetic pole of rotor, in magnet steel groove, places the magnet steel of same polarity respectively, ultimately form the quadrature-axis reluctance composite excitation field structure more than double " V " fonts of direct axis reluctance.
Wider muscle is left so that the magnetic potential that electrical excitation winding produces can pass through this muscle easily, and exciting power is minimized between two described " V " font magnet steel grooves.
The flux control principle of the present invention can be in conjunction with Fig. 3 a), Fig. 3 b), Fig. 3 c) be described as follows:
By size of current and the direction of regulation electrical excitation winding, the Distribution of Magnetic Field of rotor field can be regulated, thus affect the size of air-gap field.In the case of electrical excitation electric current is zero, in the middle of unloaded air gap magnetic density waveform, have certain vacancy, such as Fig. 3 a) shown in;When applying to increase magnetic excitation electric current, the vacancy in the middle of unloaded air gap magnetic density waveform can be filled, such as Fig. 3 b) shown in;When applying weak magnetic excitation electric current, pars intermedia branch and the both sides of unloaded air gap magnetic density waveform are contrary, such as Fig. 3 c) shown in.
The d-axis inductance of the present invention can be as follows in conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 5 more than the principle of quadrature axis inductance:
The rotor profile of the present invention uses the profile similar to salient pole type electric excitation synchronous motor rotor, thus constitutes the quadrature axis air gap situation more than d-axis air gap.
The rotor of the present invention is owing to being respectively designed with two " V " font magnet steel grooves on each rotor magnetic pole, thus further promotes the quadrature-axis reluctance situation more than direct axis reluctance.
It is illustrated in figure 4 the quadrature axis magnetic circuit of motor, is then the d-axis magnetic circuit of motor shown in Fig. 5, it is seen that the magnetic resistance of quadrature axis magnetic circuit can be much larger relative to the magnetic resistance of d-axis magnetic circuit, so the d-axis inductance of the present invention can be more than quadrature axis inductance.
The present invention increases magnetic-type salient pole type hybrid exciting synchronous motor owing to have employed above technical scheme, has the following advantages that and feature:
1, due to waveforms amplitude and the controlled shape in magnetic field, the adjustable extent of induced potential is broad;
2, the magnetic potential that DC excitation winding produces is substantially without the operating point generation impact on magnet steel, because of the danger without permanent magnet produces irreversible demagnetization;
3, quadrature axis armature reaction is relatively light, and the symmetry in the lower magnetic field of load is preferable;
4, for producing the reluctance torque of forward, can apply to increase the direct-axis current of magnetic, this avoids the demagnetizing effect producing magnet steel, further enhancing the safety of magnet steel;
5, the increasing magnetic direct-axis current applied, when electrical excitation magnetic potential deficiency, can produce fundamental wave magnetic field and supplement, and the ipm motor that the sine of the load back-emf of formation is more general is more preferable;
6, it is integrated on same rotor due to electrical excitation winding, therefore structure relative compact;
7, structure is realisation preferably, easily realizes mass production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the axial sectional structure schematic diagram that the present invention increases magnetic-type salient pole type hybrid exciting synchronous motor;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of rotor;
Fig. 3 a), Fig. 3 b), Fig. 3 c) be the air gap magnetic density waveform schematic diagram of various excitation situation;
Fig. 4 is the quadrature axis magnetic circuit schematic diagram of motor;
Fig. 5 is the d-axis magnetic circuit schematic diagram of motor.
Detailed description of the invention
Seeing Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the present invention increases magnetic-type salient pole type hybrid exciting synchronous motor, including axle 1, bearing 2, drive end bearing bracket 3, stator winding 4, casing 5, stator core 6, rotor core 7, permanent magnetic steel 15, rotor press plate 8, electrical excitation winding 9, rear end cap 10, junction box assembly 11, rotary transformer 12, brush 13 and brush rosette 14.
Stator core 6 and stator winding 4 in the present invention use conventional permanent-magnetic synchronous motor stator structure;Rotor core 7 is similar to salient pole type electric excitation synchronous motor rotor profile, has electrical excitation winding and quadrature axis air gap more than d-axis air gap.
It is respectively designed with two " V " font magnet steel grooves on each rotor magnetic pole of the rotor core 7 in the present invention, in magnet steel groove, places the magnet steel 15 of same polarity respectively, form the quadrature-axis reluctance permanent magnetism magnetic pole structure more than double " V " fonts of direct axis reluctance.Wider muscle 16 is left so that the magnetic potential that electrical excitation winding produces can pass through this muscle easily, and exciting power is minimized between two magnet steel grooves.Should be noted designing every magnetic bridge of double " V " font magnetic pole, subtract trochantinian magnetic leakage factor the most as far as possible, secondly noting making it play the magnetic resistance effect increasing quadrature axis magnetic circuit, flow out enough spaces finally to middle muscle, power supply Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection magnetic potential is by this magnetic circuit.