CN102983412A - Reflective array antenna - Google Patents
Reflective array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN102983412A CN102983412A CN2012104474648A CN201210447464A CN102983412A CN 102983412 A CN102983412 A CN 102983412A CN 2012104474648 A CN2012104474648 A CN 2012104474648A CN 201210447464 A CN201210447464 A CN 201210447464A CN 102983412 A CN102983412 A CN 102983412A
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Abstract
The invention provides a reflective array antenna comprising a function board and a reflecting layer, wherein the function board is used for beam modulating of incidence electromagnetic wave and the reflecting layer is arranged on the function board and is used for reflecting electromagnetic wave and avoiding warping. Due to the fact that warping-proof pattern of the reflecting layer is designed, the reflecting layer of the reflective array antenna can not only reflects the electromagnetic wave in operating frequency of reflecting antenna, but also has a function of avoiding the warping. The whole coverage rate of the reflecting layer is reduced by design of the reflecting layer, so that stress between the function board and the reflecting layer is released and occurrence of warping phenomena is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the reflectarray antenna field, more particularly, relate to a kind of reflectarray antenna that can prevent warpage.
Background technology
Reflectarray antenna is used widely in the remote wireless transmission systems such as satellite communication, survey of deep space because of its low section, low cost, the easy advantage such as conformal, easy of integration, portable and good concealment.Reflecting surface in the reflectarray antenna adopts single piece of metal sheet, metal coating or metallic film to realize reflection function usually, if sheet metal thickness is large, then the cost of antenna will increase, if reduce the thickness of cost reduction sheet metal, thickness is thinned to a certain degree so, for example 0.01-0.03 millimeter, the length of sheet metal, metal coating or metallic film and wide its thickness that is far longer than.So preparation and during practical application easily because of the effect generation warpage of stress, in case warpage appears, not only so that the surface irregularity of whole antenna also can have a strong impact on the electric property of reflectarray antenna, even can't receiving and transmitting signal.Reduce on the one hand the yield in the product preparation process, caused a large amount of wastes, also increased on the other hand the maintenance cost after product uses.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for reflecting surface in the prior art occur warpage cause can't receiving and transmitting signal defective, a kind of reflectarray antenna that can prevent warpage is provided.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention solves by the following technical programs: a kind of reflectarray antenna is provided, comprise for the feature board that incident electromagnetic wave is carried out wave beam modulation and be arranged on the reflector that is used for reflection electromagnetic wave and prevents warpage on the described feature board
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflector is the metal level with anti-warpage pattern, and described anti-warpage pattern can suppress the relatively described feature board generation in described reflector warpage.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflector is the metal level with the characteristic of conducting.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflector is to have the non-metal level that conducts characteristic.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflector is the metal level with the anti-warpage pattern of finedraw groove shape.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflector is the metal level with poroid anti-warpage pattern.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described poroid anti-warpage pattern comprises that circular hole prevents warpage pattern, oval poroid anti-warpage pattern, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of polygon, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of triangle.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflector is the metal grill reflector with the anti-warpage pattern of wire netting trellis.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described metal grill reflector is made of the sheet metal of multi-disc space.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the single metal sheet be shaped as triangle or polygon.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described single metal sheet be shaped as square.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described multi-disc sheet metal interval each other is less than 1/20th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the serve as reasons network structure with a plurality of mesh of the crisscross formation of many metal line of described metal grill reflector.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, single mesh be shaped as triangle or polygon.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described single mesh be shaped as square or regular hexagon.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the length of side of described single mesh is less than 1/2nd of the incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the live width of described many metal line is more than or equal to 0.01mm.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described metal level is that gold, silver, copper, aluminium, billon, silver alloy, copper alloy, kirsite or aluminium alloy are made.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described feature board comprises two or more feature boards unit, described reflector comprises the reflector element with feature board unit respective amount, and the reflector element that described feature board unit is corresponding with it consists of a phase-shifting unit that is used for phase shift; The maximum amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units in the described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift are less than 360 degree.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described feature board is one deck structure or the sandwich construction that is made of a plurality of lamellas.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the man-made structures unit that is used for incident electromagnetic wave is produced electromagnetic response that described feature board unit comprises base board unit and is arranged on described base board unit one side.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described base board unit is made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described macromolecular material is thermoplastic.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described thermoplastic is polystyrene, polypropylene, polyimides, polyethylene, polyether-ether-ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene or epoxy resin.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described man-made structures unit is the structure with geometrical pattern that electric conducting material consists of.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described electric conducting material is metal or non-metallic conducting material.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described metal is gold, silver, copper, billon, silver alloy, copper alloy, kirsite or aluminium alloy; Described non-metallic conducting material is electrically conductive graphite, indium tin oxide or Al-Doped ZnO.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflectarray antenna also comprises be used to the protective layer that covers described man-made structures unit.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described protective layer is PS plastics, PET plastics or HIPS plastics.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described feature board unit by base board unit and on the cell orifice offered consist of.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflectarray antenna is modulated into the electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram for the electromagnetic wave that will have the broad beam directional diagram.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflectarray antenna is modulated into the electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram for the electromagnetic wave that will have the narrow beam directional diagram.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflectarray antenna is used for changing the main beam pointing of electromagnetic wave directional diagram.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described feature board is curved surface shape or plane.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflector is curved surface shape or plane.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the cross section figure of described base board unit is triangle or polygon.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the cross section figure of described base board unit is equilateral triangle, square, rhombus, regular pentagon, regular hexagon or octagon.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the length of side of the cross section figure of described base board unit is less than 1/2nd of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the length of side of the cross section figure of described base board unit is less than 1/4th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the length of side of the cross section figure of described base board unit is less than 1/8th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the length of side of the cross section figure of described base board unit is less than 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflectarray antenna works in the Ku wave band, and described base board unit thickness is 0.5-4mm.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflectarray antenna works in X-band, and described base board unit thickness is 0.7-6.5mm.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflectarray antenna works in C-band, and described base board unit thickness is 1-12mm.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the scope of the maximum amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units in the described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift is 0 ~ 300 degree.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the scope of the maximum amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units in the described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift is 0 ~ 280 degree.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the scope of the maximum amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units in the described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift is 0 ~ 250 degree.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, the scope of the maximum amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units in the described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift is 0 ~ 180 degree.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflectarray antenna is transmitting antenna, reception antenna or transceiver antenna.
In reflectarray antenna of the present invention, described reflectarray antenna is satellite television receiving antenna, satellite communication antena, microwave antenna or radar antenna.
Technical scheme of the present invention has following beneficial effect: by the anti-warpage pattern of design reflectivity layer, so that the electromagnetic wave that the reflector of reflectarray antenna of the present invention not only can be in the working frequency range of reflecting antenna place, and have the function of the warpage of preventing.Reduce the whole coverage rate in reflector by the design reflectivity layer, thereby discharged the stress between feature board and the reflector, this has also just been avoided the appearance of warping phenomenon.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of reflectarray antenna one preferred embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front elevational schematic for being the feature board that consists of of orthohexagonal base board unit by a plurality of cross section figures;
Fig. 3 is the schematic side view of reflectarray antenna shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of reflector one preferred embodiments;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the phase-shifting unit that consists of of alabastrine man-made structures unit, plane;
Fig. 6 is a kind of derived structure of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 7 is a kind of distressed structure of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 8 is the phase I of the alabastrine man-made structures cell geometry growth in plane;
Fig. 9 is the second stage of the alabastrine man-made structures cell geometry growth in plane.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of phase-shifting unit of the man-made structures cell formation of the another kind of structure of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of phase-shifting unit of the man-made structures cell formation of the another kind of structure of the present invention;
Figure 12 is that the amount of phase shift of the phase-shifting unit that consists of of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 5 is with the change curve of structure growth parameter S;
Figure 13 is the growth pattern schematic diagram of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 10;
Figure 14 is that the amount of phase shift of the phase-shifting unit that consists of of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 10 is with the change curve of structure growth parameter S;
Figure 15 is the growth pattern schematic diagram of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 11;
Figure 16 is that the amount of phase shift of the phase-shifting unit that consists of of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 11 is with the change curve of structure growth parameter S;
Figure 17 a is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of triangle metal sheet;
Figure 17 b is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of square-shaped metal sheet;
Figure 17 c is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of circular metal sheet;
Figure 17 d is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of circular metal ring-type;
Figure 17 e is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of square metal ring-type;
Figure 18 is the Feed directional diagram;
Figure 19 is the narrow beam directional diagram of broad beam directional diagram after reflectarray antenna modulation of the present invention;
Figure 20 is the directional diagram that changes the electromagnetic wave main beam pointing through reflectarray antenna of the present invention;
Figure 21 is the structural representation in the metal grill reflector of network;
Figure 22 is the structural representation that the present invention has the reflectarray antenna of multilayer feature board modulated electromagnetic wave antenna pattern;
Figure 23 is a kind of structural representation of phase-shifting unit of form;
Figure 24 is the structural representation of the phase-shifting unit of another kind of form;
Figure 25,26 is for having the reflector schematic diagram of the anti-warpage pattern of finedraw groove shape;
Figure 27-30 is the schematic diagram with metal level of poroid anti-warpage pattern;
Figure 31-32 is the S11 parameter schematic diagram in the metal grill reflector of sheet metal formation for the reflector of reflectarray antenna;
Figure 33-34 is the S11 parameter schematic diagram with metal grill reflector of a plurality of square mesh for the reflector of reflectarray antenna;
Figure 35 is the schematic diagram with metal level of poroid anti-warpage pattern;
Figure 36-37 is the S parameter schematic diagram in the employing of reflectarray antenna reflector shown in Figure 35;
Figure 38 is that the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit of the another kind of structure that consists of of man-made structures unit shown in Figure 5 is with the change curve of structure growth parameter S.
Embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the perspective view of reflectarray antenna one preferred embodiments of the present invention.Among Fig. 1, this reflectarray antenna comprises for the feature board 1 that incident electromagnetic wave is carried out wave beam modulation and the reflector 2 that is used for reflection electromagnetic wave and prevents warpage that is arranged on feature board 1 one sides.
Among the present invention, reflector 2 is for having the metal level of anti-warpage pattern, and described anti-warpage pattern can suppress the relatively described feature board generation in described reflector warpage.For example, reflector 2 is for having the metal level of the anti-warpage pattern of finedraw groove shape; Reflector 2 can also be for having the metal level of poroid anti-warpage pattern.The poroid anti-warpage pattern here includes but not limited to that circular hole prevents warpage pattern, oval poroid anti-warpage pattern, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of polygon, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of regular polygon, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of triangle.
Divide from the angle that whether conducts, reflector 2 of the present invention can be for having the metal level of the characteristic of conducting, also can be for having the non-metal level that conducts characteristic.Hereinafter provided the example in a plurality of reflector, had the metal level of the anti-warpage pattern of finedraw groove shape, metal level with poroid anti-warpage pattern and be and conduct, therefore, Figure 25-30 is the metal level with the characteristic of conducting.Metal grill reflector shown in Fig. 4 is to have the non-metal level that conducts characteristic, and the metal grill reflector shown in Figure 21 is the metal level with the characteristic of conducting.Conducting here refers to, is communicated with between the metal on the metal level; If metal is not communicated with on the metal level, non-conducting then, as shown in Figure 4.Conducting concept is the known concept of circuit design field, therefore is not described in detail.
2 designs of preferred reflector are that reflector 2 is for having the metal grill reflector of the anti-warpage pattern of wire netting trellis.
Anti-warpage pattern by design reflectivity layer 2 reduces the metal coverage rate of reflector 2 on feature board, thereby has discharged the stress between feature board 1 and the reflector 2, and this has also just been avoided the appearance of warping phenomenon.
Among the present invention, the metal grill reflector can be made of the sheet metal of multi-disc space, and the length and width value of each sheet metal and the difference of one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 reduce, thereby reduce product stress, avoid the reflector warpage.Yet owing to have the slit between each sheet metal, if the wide meeting of the width in slit is so that electromagnetic wave produces the graing lobe effect during by latticed baffle reflection, bring impact for the reflectarray antenna performance, can so that the difference of the length and width value of each sheet metal and one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 increases, be unfavorable for the release of stress if the width in slit is narrow.Preferably, described multi-disc sheet metal interval each other is less than 1/20th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
Among the present invention, the single metal sheet be shaped as triangle or polygon or irregularly shaped.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, described metal grill reflector WG is made of the sheet metal 4 of multi-disc space, and the single metal plate shape is square.
Be that metal grill reflector WG shown in Figure 4 carries out emulation to the reflector in the reflectarray antenna, the length of side of square-shaped metal sheet is 19mm, and the slot width between the two metal sheets is 0.5mm, and corresponding reflection coefficient S11 analogous diagram is shown in Figure 31-32.In working frequency range 11.7 ~ 12.2GHz scope, when frequency is 11.7GHz, S11=0.0245dB, when frequency is 12.2GHz, S11=0.0245dB.
Figure 35 shows a kind of not reflector of same metal sheet that has, and the part of black display is metal, and other blank parts is the groove of offering.As shown in the figure, comprise square-shaped metal sheet and cross sheet metal, be separated with the line of rabbet joint between between the sheet metal.In fact also can think to have the reflector of the anti-warpage pattern of finedraw groove shape, offer the square groove shown in the accompanying drawing 35 at the full wafer metal level, and between the mid point on the adjacent parallel limit of adjacent square groove, offer straight-line groove, just consisted of the reflector design among the figure.
Be that emulation is carried out in the reflector of pattern shown in Figure 35 to the reflector in the reflectarray antenna, the length of side of square-shaped metal sheet is 6.9mm, and the slot width between two adjacent square-shaped metal sheets and the cross sheet metal is 0.2mm; Slot width between the two adjacent cross sheet metals is 0.2mm, and line of rabbet joint length is 1.75mm.Corresponding reflection coefficient S11 analogous diagram is shown in Figure 36-37.In working frequency range 11.7 ~ 12.2GHz scope, when frequency is 11.7GHz, S11=0.0265dB, when frequency is 12.2GHz, S11=0.022669dB.
In another preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 21, the serve as reasons network structure with many mesh of the crisscross formation of many metal line of described metal grill reflector WG, many metal line are divided into longitudinal metal line ZX and transverse metal line HX among the figure, form a plurality of mesh WK between longitudinal metal line ZX and the transverse metal line HX, the shape of single mesh WK can be triangle or polygon.And the shape of all mesh WK can be identical, also can be different.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 21, preferably, the shape of all mesh WK is square, and longitudinal metal line ZX is identical with the live width of transverse metal line HX.The length of side of described single mesh is less than 1/2nd wavelength, and the live width of described many metal line is more than or equal to 0.01mm.Preferably, the length of side of described single mesh be 0.01mm to 1/2nd of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength, the live width of described many metal line is that 0.01mm is to 5 times of the incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
Be that metal grill reflector WG shown in Figure 21 carries out emulation to the reflector in the reflectarray antenna, the length of side of square mesh is 1mm, and the metal wire live width is 0.8mm.Corresponding reflection coefficient S11 analogous diagram is shown in Figure 33-34.In working frequency range 11.7 ~ 12.2GHz scope, when frequency is 11.7GHz, S11=0.01226dB, when frequency is 12.2GHz, S11=0.01308dB.
Above simulation result shows, adopts reflector of the present invention design, and reflection coefficient S11 almost close to zero, that is to say, electromagnetic wave basically can total reflection, has not only solved the problem of warpage, and electric property and reflecting properties are unaffected.
Be the reflectarray antenna of 450mm for the length of side, the below compares for the warpage situation in the reflector of covering full copper, Fig. 4, Figure 21, reflector shown in Figure 35.Warpage rate corresponding to reflector of covering full copper is 3.2%, and namely the maximum deformation quantity at reflectarray antenna edge is 14.4mm.Warpage rate corresponding to square side's sheet shown in Figure 4 is 2.6%, and namely the maximum deformation quantity at reflectarray antenna edge is 11.7mm.The reflector with one fixed width line of rabbet joint that not same metal sheet shown in Figure 35 consists of, its corresponding warpage rate is 2.4%, namely the maximum deformation quantity at reflectarray antenna edge is 10.8mm.The structure with square mesh that many metal line shown in Figure 21 consist of, corresponding warpage rate is 0.81%, namely the maximum deformation quantity at reflectarray antenna edge is 3.65mm.Can find out that metal coverage rate is larger, corresponding warpage rate is higher, therefore, the pattern in reasonable design reflector reduces the coverage rate of metal as much as possible in the situation that satisfies antenna electrical performance and reflection demand, warping phenomenon will reduce even eliminate so.
Figure 25,26 shows reflector 2 for having the metal level design of the anti-warpage pattern of finedraw groove shape, at block of metal thin plate or a plurality of finedraw groove XFC shown in Figure 25-26 of metal coating design, finedraw groove XFC array arrangement, black part is divided into metal among the figure, and blank position is the finedraw groove.Under the prerequisite that satisfies reflectarray antenna electric property and reflecting properties, also realized the effect of anti-warpage.Certainly can design other form and the anti-warpage pattern of the finedraw groove shape of arranging according to this thought, as long as satisfy the required reflecting properties of antenna and electric property.
As shown in Figure 1, feature board 1 comprises two or more feature boards unit 10, described reflector 2 comprises the reflector element 20 with feature board unit 10 respective amount, and described feature board unit 10 reflector elements 20 corresponding with it consist of a phase-shifting unit 100 that is used for phase shift.Be understandable that reflectarray antenna integral body can be spliced by a plurality of independently phase-shifting units 100, also can be consisted of by a monoblock feature board 1 and a monoblock reflector 2.
The electromagnetic wave that incides phase-shifting unit 100 passes described feature board unit 10 afterwards by described reflector element 20 reflections, outgoing after the electromagnetic wave of reflection passes described feature board unit 10 again, the absolute value of the difference of the phase place the when phase place during outgoing and incident is amount of phase shift.The maximum amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units 100 and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift design the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit 100 to realize the electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram of expection less than 360 degree.
Reflectarray antenna of the present invention, its feature board can also can be the sandwich construction that is made of a plurality of lamellas for one deck structure shown in Figure 1, can adopt glue bonding between a plurality of lamellas, perhaps adopts mechanical system to connect, and connects or the buckle connection such as bolt.As shown in figure 22, be a kind of feature board 1 of sandwich construction of form, this feature board 1 comprises three lamellas 11.Certainly Figure 22 just schematically, feature board 1 of the present invention can also be the double-layer structure that is made of two lamellas or the sandwich construction that is made of the lamella more than four.
The amount of phase shift of single phase-shifting unit, can measure acquisition by following method:
With the phase-shifting unit that will test, in the space, carry out periodic arrangement and form enough large combination, enough sizes of the cycle combination that forms that refers to greatly should be far longer than the size that will test phase-shifting unit, and the cycle that for example forms makes up and comprises at least 100 phase-shifting units that will test.
Should make up in the cycle with the incident of plane wave vertical angle, distribute with near-field scan device scan near field electric field phase, according to outgoing PHASE DISTRIBUTION θ, substitution array theory formula:
Can draw the phase-shifting unit amount of phase shift of testing, wherein
The amount of phase shift of the phase-shifting unit of indicating to test, λ represents the wavelength of plane wave, a represents the length of side (be the length of side of the cross section figure of base board unit, θ represents the phase place of outgoing) of phase-shifting unit.
Same method is measured all phase-shifting units, and the amount of phase shift that can obtain reflectarray antenna distributes.Reflector 2 of the present invention adhere well to feature board 1 one side surface settings as shown in figures 1 and 3, such as realizing adhereing well to feature board 1 one side surfaces by multiple connected modes commonly used such as glue bonding, mechanical connections.
There are two kinds of implementations feature board of the present invention unit, and is as follows:
The first scheme is, such as Fig. 1, and the man-made structures unit M that is used for incident electromagnetic wave is produced electromagnetic response that feature board unit 10 comprises base board unit V and is arranged on described base board unit V one side.Man-made structures unit M can be attached directly to the surface of base board unit V, as shown in figure 23.
Certainly, man-made structures unit M also can with the spaced surface setting of base board unit V, for example man-made structures unit M can be supported on the base board unit by bar.
The cross section figure of base board unit V can have various ways.The cross section figure of more typical base board unit can be triangle or polygon, preferably, the cross section figure of base board unit is equilateral triangle, square, rhombus, regular pentagon, regular hexagon or octagon, and it is foursquare base board unit that the cross section figure has been shown among Fig. 1; It is the front elevational schematic of the feature board 1 that consists of of regular hexagon base board unit that Fig. 2 shows by a plurality of cross section figures.The cross section figure of base board unit is preferably equilateral triangle, square, rhombus, regular pentagon, regular hexagon or octagon, the length of side of the cross section figure of base board unit is less than 1/2nd of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength, preferably, the length of side of the cross section figure of base board unit is less than 1/4th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength; More preferably, the length of side of the cross section figure of base board unit is less than 1/8th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength; More preferably, the length of side of the cross section figure of base board unit is less than 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
Base board unit can be made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material, macromolecular material can be thermoplastic, and thermoplastic can be selected polystyrene, polypropylene, polyimides, polyethylene, polyether-ether-ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene or epoxy resin.
The man-made structures unit can be the structure with geometrical pattern that electric conducting material consists of, and electric conducting material can be metal or non-metallic conducting material, and described metal is gold, silver, copper, billon, silver alloy, copper alloy, kirsite or aluminium alloy; Described non-metallic conducting material is electrically conductive graphite, indium tin oxide or Al-Doped ZnO.The processing mode of man-made structures unit can have multiple, can be attached on the base board unit respectively by etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or ion is carved method.
Man-made structures unit M can produce electromagnetic response to incident electromagnetic wave, and electromagnetic response herein can be electric field response, also can be magnetic responsiveness, or existing electric field response has again magnetic responsiveness.
In order to protect the man-made structures unit, in another embodiment of the present invention, also can be coated with protective layer on the man-made structures unit, protective layer can be PS plastics, PET plastics or HIPS plastics.
First scheme is, feature board unit 10 by base board unit V and on the cell orifice K that offers consist of, cell orifice can also have irregular shape of cross section by the well-regulated shape of cross section of tool, cell orifice can be that through hole also can be blind hole, by the difformity of cell orifice, the amount of phase shift that volume is controlled phase-shifting unit.Plant thus phase-shifting unit that the feature board unit of scheme consists of as shown in figure 24.
Reflectarray antenna of the present invention can design concrete shape according to the application scenarios of reality, therefore, feature board 1 and reflector 2 can be planely also can make the curved surface shape according to actual needs.
In order to reach the purpose of modulated electromagnetic wave antenna pattern, at first find out the amount of phase shift corresponding to each phase-shifting unit of reflectarray antenna of the present invention, that is to say the amount of phase shift distribution situation that will obtain or design on the reflectarray antenna.
A kind of method for designing of each phase-shifting unit amount of phase shift is below described, should be understood that, following method is aid illustration, not in order to limit the present invention, in fact, to one skilled in the art, can also realize that the amount of phase shift of expecting distributes by other traditional design methods by reading the present invention.
A kind of method for designing of each phase-shifting unit amount of phase shift comprises the steps:
S1, the excursion of the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit is set, the vector space Θ of the amount of phase shift of n phase-shifting unit of structure; The parameter index corresponding to electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram of expection is set.The parameter index here mainly refers to have influence on the key technical indexes of electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram, and under the different application scenarioss, the technical indicator of concern is different, for example, can be half-power beam width etc.
S2, the vector space Θ of described amount of phase shift is sampled, generate m (the sampling vector space Θ of individual phase-shifting unit of m＜n)
0The sampling here can be the various methods of samplings of commonly using, such as random sampling, systematic sampling etc.
S3, the described sampling vector space of foundation are calculated the amount of phase shift that remains n-m phase-shifting unit by interpolation method, generate the vector space Θ of the new amount of phase shift of n phase-shifting unit
iInterpolation method can be Gaussian process interpolation method, batten Changzhi method etc.
S4, calculating Θ
iCorresponding parameter index judges whether the parameter index that calculates satisfies preset requirement, if, Θ then
iBe the vector space of the amount of phase shift of satisfying the demand; If not, then generate new sampling vector space by default optimized algorithm, and generate the vector space Θ of new amount of phase shift by interpolation method
I+1, circulation is carried out until satisfy preset requirement.Default optimized algorithm can be simulated annealing, genetic algorithm, TABU search scheduling algorithm.Preset requirement for example can comprise the threshold value of parameter index and the scope of precision.
Can obtain the amount of phase shift distribution situation of each phase-shifting unit that we need by above-mentioned method, according to the distribution situation of amount of phase shift again in conjunction with we will with the technical scheme type determine concrete design.For example, if adopt the modulation that is realized the incident electromagnetic wave directional diagram by the feature board unit of base board unit and man-made structures cell formation, so just need to find out the shape of the man-made structures unit that can satisfy the amount of phase shift distribution, the corresponding relation of dimension information; If adopt the feature board unit that is consisted of by base board unit and cell orifice to realize the modulation of incident electromagnetic wave directional diagram, then need to find out the shape in the hole that can satisfy the amount of phase shift distribution, the corresponding relation of dimension information.
Employing is realized the modulation of incident electromagnetic wave directional diagram by the feature board unit of base board unit and man-made structures cell formation, shape, the physical dimension of the man-made structures unit on each phase-shifting unit of appropriate design, can design the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit on the described reflectarray antenna, thereby realize the electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram of expection.
The working frequency range of given reflectarray antenna, determine physical size, material and the electromagnetic parameter of base board unit, and the material of man-made structures unit, thickness and topological structure, utilize simulation software, such as CST, MATLAB, COMSOL etc., can obtain the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with the change curve of man-made structures cell geometry growth, can obtain the corresponding relation of continually varying phase-shifting unit and amount of phase shift, namely obtain the maximum amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit and the minimum amount of phase shift of this kind form.
In the present embodiment, the structural design of phase-shifting unit can obtain by Computer Simulation (CST emulation), and is specific as follows:
(1) determines the material of base board unit.The material of base board unit is such as being FR-4, F4b or PS etc.
(2) determine shape and the physical size of base board unit.For example, it is foursquare square sheet that base board unit can be the cross section figure, the physical size of base board unit is obtained by the centre frequency of working frequency range, utilize centre frequency to obtain its wavelength, get again less than 1/2nd a numerical value of the wavelength length of side as base board unit cross section figure, for example the length of side of base board unit cross section figure be working frequency range the corresponding electromagnetic wavelength of centre frequency 1/10th.The thickness of base board unit is different according to the working frequency range of reflectarray antenna, when working in the Ku wave band such as reflectarray antenna, and the desirable 0.5-4mm of the thickness of base board unit; When reflectarray antenna works in C-band, the desirable 1-12mm of the thickness of base board unit; When reflectarray antenna works in X-band, the desirable 0.7-6.5mm of the thickness of base board unit; For example exist, under the ku wave band, the thickness of base board unit can be taken as 1mm.
(3) determine material, thickness and the topological structure of man-made structures unit.For example, the material of man-made structures unit is copper, the topological structure of man-made structures unit can be alabastrine man-made structures unit, plane shown in Figure 5, described alabastrine man-made structures unit has the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 that mutually vertically divides equally, described the first metal wire J1 is identical with the length of the second metal wire J2, described the first metal wire J1 two ends are connected with two the first F1 of metal branch of equal length, described the first metal wire J1 two ends are connected on the mid point of two the first F1 of metal branch, described the second metal wire J2 two ends are connected with two the second F2 of metal branch of equal length, described the second metal wire J2 two ends are connected on the mid point of two the second F2 of metal branch, the equal in length of described the first F1 of metal branch and the second F2 of metal branch; Topological structure herein refers to the base shape that the man-made structures cell geometry is grown.The thickness of man-made structures unit can be 0.005-1mm.For example be 0.018mm.
(4) determine the geometrical form growth parameter(s) of man-made structures unit, represent with S herein.For example, the geometrical form growth parameter(s) S of alabastrine man-made structures unit, plane as shown in Figure 5 can comprise the live width W of man-made structures unit, the length a of the first metal wire J1, the length b of the first F1 of metal branch.
(5) determine the growth restriction condition of the geometry of man-made structures unit.For example, the growth restriction condition of the geometry of the man-made structures unit of alabastrine man-made structures unit, plane as shown in Figure 5 has, minimum spacing WL between the man-made structures unit (as shown in Figure 5, the distance on the limit of man-made structures unit and base board unit is WL/2), the live width W of man-made structures unit, and first the minimum spacing between metal branch and the second metal branch, this minimum spacing can and the man-made structures unit between minimum spacing WL be consistent; Because the processing technology restriction, WL is usually more than or equal to 0.1mm, and same, live width W is greater than to equal 0.1mm.During for the first time emulation, WL can get 0.1mm, and W can get certain value (live width that is the man-made structures unit is even), for example 0.14mm or 0.3mm, this moment, the geometrical form growth parameter(s) of man-made structures unit only had two variablees of a, b, made structure growth parameter S=a+b.The geometry of man-made structures unit by as Fig. 8 growth pattern shown in Figure 9 extremely, corresponding to a certain particular centre frequency (for example 11.95GHZ), can obtain a continuous amount of phase shift excursion.
Take man-made structures unit shown in Figure 5 as example, particularly, the growth of the geometry of described man-made structures unit comprises two stages (base shape of geometry growth is man-made structures unit shown in Figure 5):
Phase I: according to the growth restriction condition, in the situation that the b value remains unchanged, a value is changed to maximum from minimum value, this moment b=0, S=a, the man-made structures unit in this growth course is " ten " font (except when a gets minimum value).The minimum value of a is live width W, and the maximum of a is (BC-WL).Therefore, in the phase I, the growth of the geometry of man-made structures unit is the square JX1 of W from the length of side namely as shown in Figure 8, grows into gradually maximum " ten " font geometry JD1.
Second stage: according to the growth restriction condition, when a was increased to maximum, a remained unchanged; At this moment, b is increased continuously maximum from minimum value, this moment, b was not equal to 0, S=a+b, and the man-made structures unit in this growth course is the plane flakes.The minimum value of b is live width W, and the maximum of b is (BC-WL-2W).Therefore, in second stage, the growth of the geometry of man-made structures unit as shown in Figure 9, namely from " ten " font geometry JD1 of maximum, grow into gradually the maximum alabastrine geometry JD2 in plane, the alabastrine geometry JD2 in the plane of maximum herein refers to that the length b of the first J1 of metal branch and the second J2 of metal branch can not extend again, otherwise the first metal branch and the second metal branch will occur to intersect.
The application said method is made construction unit to following three-type-person and is carried out emulation:
(1) Figure 5 shows that the phase-shifting unit of the alabastrine man-made structures cell formation in plane, in the first structure of this phase-shifting unit, the material of base board unit V is polystyrene (PS), and its dielectric constant is 2.7, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009; The physical size of base board unit V is that thickness 2mm, cross section figure are that the length of side is the square of 2.7mm; The material of man-made structures unit is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; The material of reflector element is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; Herein, the structure growth parameter S is the length b sum of length a and the first F1 of metal branch of the first metal wire J1.Growth pattern with phase-shifting unit of this artificial construction unit sees also Fig. 8 to Fig. 9; Have this structure the man-made structures unit its amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with the variation of structure growth parameter S as shown in figure 12.As can be seen from the figure, the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit is the continuous increase continually varying along with the S parameter, and the excursion of the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is probably at the 10-230 degree, and the difference of its maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift is about 220 degree, less than 360 degree.In the second structure of this phase-shifting unit, only changing base board unit V cross section figure is that the length of side is the square of 8.2mm, other parameter constant, have this kind structure the man-made structures unit its amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with the variation of structure growth parameter S as shown in figure 38; As can be seen from the figure, the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is the continuous increase continually varying along with the S parameter, the excursion of the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is probably at the 275-525 degree, and the difference of its maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift is about 250 degree, still less than 360 degree.
(2) be as shown in figure 10 the phase-shifting unit of the man-made structures cell formation of another kind of form, this man-made structures unit has the first main line Z1 and the second main line Z2 that mutually vertically divides equally, the first main line Z1 is identical with the second main line Z2 geomery, the first main line Z1 two ends are connected with two the first identical right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ1, the first main line Z1 two ends are connected to the corner of two the first right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ1, the second main line Z2 two ends are connected with two the second right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ2, the second main line Z2 two ends are connected to the corner of two the second right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ2, the first right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ1 is identical with the second right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ2 geomery, the first right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ1, two arms of angle of the second right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ2 are parallel to respectively two limits of square substrate unit, the first main line Z1, the second main line Z2 is the first right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ1, the angular bisector of the second right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ2.In this phase-shifting unit, the material of base board unit V is polystyrene (PS), and its dielectric constant is 2.7, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009; The physical size of base board unit is that thickness 2mm, cross section figure are that the length of side is the square of 2mm; The material of man-made structures unit is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; The material of reflector element is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; Herein, the structure growth parameter S is the length sum of the first main line and the first right-angle folding linea angulata.The growth pattern of the man-made structures unit on this phase-shifting unit sees also Figure 13; Its amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with this artificial construction unit with the variation of structure growth parameter S as shown in figure 14.As can be seen from the figure, the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit is the continuous increase continually varying along with the S parameter, and the excursion of the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is probably at the 10-150 degree, and the difference of its maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift is about 140 degree, less than 360 degree.
(3) be as shown in figure 11 the phase-shifting unit of the man-made structures cell formation of another kind of form, this man-made structures unit has the first backbone GX1 and the second dried main line GX2 that mutually vertically divides equally, the first backbone GX1 is identical with the geomery of the second dried main line GX2, the first backbone GX1 two ends are connected with two the first straight line ZX1 that extend in opposite direction, the second backbone GX2 two ends are connected with two the second straight line ZX2 that extend in opposite direction, the first straight line ZX1 is identical with the geomery of the second straight line ZX2, the first straight line ZX1 and the second straight line ZX2 are parallel to respectively two limits of square substrate unit V, the angle of the first straight line ZX1 and the first backbone GX2 is 45 degree, and the angle of the second straight line ZX2 and the second backbone GX2 is 45 degree.In this phase-shifting unit, the material of base board unit V is polystyrene (PS), and its dielectric constant is 2.7, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009; The physical size of base board unit V is that thickness 2mm, cross section figure are that the length of side is the square of 2mm; The material of man-made structures unit is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; The material of reflector element is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm.Herein, the structure growth parameter S is the length sum of the first main line and the first broken line.The growth pattern of the man-made structures unit on this phase-shifting unit sees also Figure 15; Its amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with this artificial construction unit with the variation of structure growth parameter S as shown in figure 16.As can be seen from the figure, the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit is the continuous increase continually varying along with the S parameter, and the excursion of the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is probably at the 10-130 degree, and the difference of its maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift is about 120 degree, less than 360 degree.
In addition, the alabastrine man-made structures unit further in plane shown in Figure 5 has other distortion.
Fig. 6 is a kind of derived structure of alabastrine man-made structures unit, plane shown in Figure 5.Its two ends at each first F1 of metal branch and each the second F2 of metal branch all are connected with identical the 3rd F3 of metal branch, and the mid point of corresponding the 3rd F3 of metal branch links to each other with the end points of the first F1 of metal branch and the second F2 of metal branch respectively.The rest may be inferred, and the present invention can also derive the man-made structures unit of other form.The base shape of just man-made structures cell geometry growth shown in Figure 6.
Fig. 7 is a kind of distressed structure of alabastrine man-made structures unit, plane shown in Figure 5, the man-made structures unit of this kind structure, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are not straight lines, but folding line, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are provided with two kink WZ, but the first metal wire J1 remains vertical with the second metal wire J2 to be divided equally, by arrange kink towards with the relative position of kink on the first metal wire and the second metal wire all overlap with former figure so that man-made structures unit shown in Figure 7 winds perpendicular to the axis of the first metal wire and the second metal wire intersection point figure to any direction 90-degree rotation.In addition, other distortion can also be arranged, for example, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 all arrange a plurality of kink WZ.The base shape of just man-made structures cell geometry growth shown in Figure 7.
Except the man-made structures unit of three kinds of above-mentioned topological structures, the present invention can also have the man-made structures unit of other topological structure.Triangle metal sheet shown in Figure 17 a; Square-shaped metal sheet shown in Figure 17 b, the circular metal plate shown in Figure 17 c; Circular metal ring shown in Figure 17 d; Square metal ring shown in Figure 17 e etc.Also can obtain having the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit of above-mentioned man-made structures unit by said method with the change curve of structure growth parameter S.
If the amount of phase shift scope of the phase-shifting unit that obtains by above-mentioned growth has comprised the amount of phase shift scope (can get simultaneously required maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift) of our needs, then satisfy the design needs.Do not satisfy the design needs if above-mentioned growth obtains the amount of phase shift excursion of phase-shifting unit, for example the amount of phase shift maximum is too little or the amount of phase shift minimum value is excessive, then changes WL and W, and again emulation is until obtain the amount of phase shift excursion that we need.
Electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram according to expection, distribute by the amount of phase shift that calculates on the antenna, growing method by above-mentioned man-made structures unit obtains corresponding man-made structures cell size and the distributed intelligence of amount of phase shift distribution, can obtain feature board of the present invention, side at feature board arranges the reflector, namely formed reflectarray antenna of the present invention, this antenna can be realized the electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram of expecting.
The below has exemplified three kinds of application of the present invention, should be understood that, the present invention is not limited to this three kinds of application.
The electromagnetic wave that (1) will have a broad beam directional diagram is modulated into the electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram
In order to reach the purpose of modulated electromagnetic wave antenna pattern, at first find out amount of phase shift corresponding to each phase-shifting unit on the reflectarray antenna of the present invention, that is to say the amount of phase shift distribution situation that will obtain or design on the antenna.
In this example in the broad beam Feed directional diagram its beamwidth be 31.8 the degree, target is that this broad beam directional diagram is modulated into the narrow beam directional diagram, and beamwidth be controlled at 4 the degree in.The Feed directional diagram as shown in figure 18.
In this example, it is foursquare square sheet that phase-shifting unit is designed to the cross section figure, the foursquare length of side is no more than 2.7mm, all phase-shifting units of this reflectarray antenna are arranged according to square grid, 166 * 166=27556 the phase-shifting unit of can arranging on the flat board of one 450mm * 450mm size.Method for designing in conjunction with the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit mentioned above in step S1, arranges the excursion of amount of phase shift, as an adjustable parameter, as target function, then has optimization problem as follows with beamwidth with the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit:
Θ=[θ wherein
1, θ
2..., θ
n] for comprising the vector space of all adjustable parameters, be the vector of the amount of phase shift of n phase-shifting unit in this example,
Be solution space (excursion of the amount of phase shift that namely arranges).In this example, n=27556, adjustable parameter are very huge, and it is the narrowest so that the amount of phase shift distribution of the phase-shifting unit of electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram optimum is a very complicated high-dimensional optimization to seek so a beamwidth.We can will optimize dimension in conjunction with space-filling method for designing and spatial interpolation methods and be reduced to about 1000 dimensions from 27556 dimensions, be specially:
Among the step S2, generate the sampling vector space Θ of a m=1000 phase-shifting unit
0=[θ
10, θ
20..., θ
M0];
Among the step S3, according to 1000 phase-shifting units sampling vector space Θ
0, any interpolation methods such as use Gaussian process interpolation, spline interpolation calculate the amount of phase shift of a remaining n-m phase-shifting unit, generate the vector space of the new amount of phase shift of n phase-shifting unit:
Θ
i=[θ
1，θ
2，...，θ
m，θ
m+1，θ
m+2，...，θ
n]；
Among the step S4, utilize Computer Simulation Θ
iTo the beamwidth T (Θ after the assigned direction figure modulation
i), the optimization method (such as simulated annealing, genetic algorithm, TABU search etc.) according to default generates a new sampling vector space, makes i=i+1, and carries out the vector space Θ that interpolation generates new amount of phase shift according to new sampling vector space
I+1, circulation is carried out until satisfy preset requirement.
Obtain after the amount of phase shift distribution, growing method by man-made structures unit mentioned above obtains the shape of the man-made structures unit on each phase-shifting unit and the information of arranging again, alabastrine man-made structures unit, the plane growth as shown in Figure 5 of tool ground, employing obtains the phase-shifting unit phase-shift phase excursion of needs.
The antenna that obtains is applied a Feed as shown in figure 18, carry out emulation testing, obtain its directional diagram as shown in figure 19.Its beamwidth is 3.16 degree.Realized that broad beam directional diagram electromagnetic wave is to the electromagnetic modulation of narrow beam directional diagram.
The electromagnetic wave that (2) will have a narrow beam directional diagram is modulated into the electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram
Can also design the electromagnetic wave that to have the narrow beam directional diagram by said method and be modulated into the electromagnetic reflectarray antenna with broad beam directional diagram, electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram is modulated to electromagnetic situation with broad beam directional diagram and the above-mentioned electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram is modulated to the electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram, is a reversible process in fact.The electromagnetic wave that will have the broad beam directional diagram is modulated to the electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram and can be regarded as emission, and the electromagnetic wave that will have the narrow beam directional diagram is modulated to the electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram and can be regarded as reception.
(3) main beam pointing of change electromagnetic wave directional diagram
Can also design the reflectarray antenna of the main beam pointing that changes the electromagnetic wave directional diagram by said method, in step S1, the excursion of amount of phase shift is set, with the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit as an adjustable parameter, as parameter index, as shown in figure 18, be the antenna pattern of Feed with beamwidth and main beam pointing, its main beam pointing is 0 degree, and beamwidth is 3.16 degree.Target is that the direction of main beam is changed into 45 degree, and beamwidth is controlled in 4 degree.
The antenna that obtains is applied a Feed as shown in figure 18, carry out emulation testing, obtain its directional diagram as shown in figure 20.Its main beam pointing is 45 degree, and beamwidth is 3.7 degree.Realized the direction of main beam is changed into 45 degree, beamwidth is controlled at 4 degree with interior target.
By changing the main beam pointing of electromagnetic wave directional diagram, can avoid electromagnetic interference., if a large amount of electromagnetic waves directly reflexes in the control room by the deck, will produce serious interference to the electronic equipment in control room for example aboard ship, affect navigation safety.At this moment, if be equipped with above deck above-mentioned reflectarray antenna, disturb the electromagnetic wave main beam pointing thereby change, so that most of energy of electromagnetism reflexes to other places, thereby promoted the ability of the anti-electromagnetic interference of electronic equipment in the control room.
The amount of phase shift of part phase-shifting unit is excessive, thereby causing the amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units of described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift is not all less than 360 degree, but, when the difference of the amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units of described reflectarray antenna and minimum amount of phase shift accounts for 80% when above of all phase-shifting unit quantity less than the quantity of the phase-shifting units of 360 degree, the amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units of itself and described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift have essentially identical effect less than 360 situations about spending.
By the anti-warpage pattern of design reflectivity layer, so that the electromagnetic wave that the reflector of reflectarray antenna of the present invention not only can be in the working frequency range of reflecting antenna place, and has the function of the warpage of preventing.Reduce the whole coverage rate in reflector by the design reflectivity layer, thereby discharged the stress between feature board and the reflector, this has also just been avoided the appearance of warping phenomenon.Antenna normally receives or transmitted signal, antenna pattern as required, and the amount of phase shift on the designing antenna distributes, and can obtain the antenna of required function.
The above is described embodiments of the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; rather than restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not breaking away from the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (51)
1. a reflectarray antenna is characterized in that, comprises for the feature board that incident electromagnetic wave is carried out wave beam modulation and is arranged on the reflector that is used for reflection electromagnetic wave and prevents warpage on the described feature board.
2. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflector is the metal level with anti-warpage pattern, and described anti-warpage pattern can suppress the relatively described feature board generation in described reflector warpage.
3. reflectarray antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described reflector is the metal level with the characteristic of conducting.
4. reflectarray antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described reflector is to have the non-metal level that conducts characteristic.
5. reflectarray antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described reflector is the metal level with the anti-warpage pattern of finedraw groove shape.
6. reflectarray antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described reflector is the metal level with poroid anti-warpage pattern.
7. reflectarray antenna according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described poroid anti-warpage pattern comprises that circular hole prevents warpage pattern, oval poroid anti-warpage pattern, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of polygon, the poroid anti-warpage pattern of triangle.
8. reflectarray antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described reflector is the metal grill reflector with the anti-warpage pattern of wire netting trellis.
9. reflectarray antenna according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described metal grill reflector is made of the sheet metal of multi-disc space.
10. reflectarray antenna according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the single metal sheet be shaped as triangle or polygon.
11. reflectarray antenna according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described single metal sheet be shaped as square.
12. reflectarray antenna according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described multi-disc sheet metal interval each other is less than 1/20th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
13. reflectarray antenna according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the serve as reasons network structure with a plurality of mesh of the crisscross formation of many metal line of described metal grill reflector.
14. reflectarray antenna according to claim 13 is characterized in that, single mesh be shaped as triangle or polygon.
15. reflectarray antenna according to claim 14 is characterized in that, described single mesh be shaped as square or regular hexagon.
16. reflectarray antenna according to claim 14 is characterized in that, the length of side of described single mesh is less than 1/2nd of the incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
17. reflectarray antenna according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the live width of described many metal line is more than or equal to 0.01mm.
18. reflectarray antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described metal level is that gold, silver, copper, aluminium, billon, silver alloy, copper alloy, kirsite or aluminium alloy are made.
19. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described feature board comprises two or more feature boards unit, described reflector comprises the reflector element with feature board unit respective amount, and the reflector element that described feature board unit is corresponding with it consists of a phase-shifting unit that is used for phase shift.
20. reflectarray antenna according to claim 19 is characterized in that, the maximum amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units in the described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift are less than 360 degree.
21. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described feature board is one deck structure or the sandwich construction that is made of a plurality of lamellas.
22. reflectarray antenna according to claim 19 is characterized in that, the man-made structures unit that is used for incident electromagnetic wave is produced electromagnetic response that described feature board unit comprises base board unit and is arranged on described base board unit one side.
23. reflectarray antenna according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described base board unit is made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.
24. reflectarray antenna according to claim 23 is characterized in that, described macromolecular material is thermoplastic.
25. reflectarray antenna according to claim 24 is characterized in that, described thermoplastic is polystyrene, polypropylene, polyimides, polyethylene, polyether-ether-ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene or epoxy resin.
26. reflectarray antenna according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described man-made structures unit is the structure with geometrical pattern that electric conducting material consists of.
27. reflectarray antenna according to claim 26 is characterized in that, described electric conducting material is metal or non-metallic conducting material.
28. reflectarray antenna according to claim 27 is characterized in that, described metal is gold, silver, copper, billon, silver alloy, copper alloy, kirsite or aluminium alloy; Described non-metallic conducting material is electrically conductive graphite, indium tin oxide or Al-Doped ZnO.
29. reflectarray antenna according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna also comprises be used to the protective layer that covers described man-made structures unit.
30. reflectarray antenna according to claim 29 is characterized in that, described protective layer is PS plastics, PET plastics or HIPS plastics.
31. reflectarray antenna according to claim 19 is characterized in that, described feature board unit by base board unit and on the cell orifice offered consist of.
32. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna is modulated into the electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram for the electromagnetic wave that will have the broad beam directional diagram.
33. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna is modulated into the electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram for the electromagnetic wave that will have the narrow beam directional diagram.
34. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna is used for changing the main beam pointing of electromagnetic wave directional diagram.
35. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described feature board is curved surface shape or plane.
36. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflector is curved surface shape or plane.
37. according to claim 22 or 31 described reflectarray antennas, it is characterized in that the cross section figure of described base board unit is triangle or polygon.
38. described reflectarray antenna is characterized in that according to claim 37, the cross section figure of described base board unit is equilateral triangle, square, rhombus, regular pentagon, regular hexagon or octagon.
39. described reflectarray antenna is characterized in that according to claim 38, the length of side of the cross section figure of described base board unit is less than 1/2nd of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
40. described reflectarray antenna is characterized in that according to claim 39, the length of side of the cross section figure of described base board unit is less than 1/4th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
41. described reflectarray antenna is characterized in that according to claim 40, the length of side of the cross section figure of described base board unit is less than 1/8th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
42. described reflectarray antenna is characterized in that according to claim 41, the length of side of the cross section figure of described base board unit is less than 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave operation wavelength.
43. reflectarray antenna according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna works in the Ku wave band, and described base board unit thickness is 0.5-4mm.
44. reflectarray antenna according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna works in X-band, and described base board unit thickness is 0.7-6.5mm.
45. reflectarray antenna according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna works in C-band, and described base board unit thickness is 1-12mm.
46. reflectarray antenna according to claim 20 is characterized in that, the scope of the maximum amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units in the described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift is 0 ~ 300 degree.
47. reflectarray antenna according to claim 20 is characterized in that, the scope of the maximum amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units in the described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift is 0 ~ 280 degree.
48. reflectarray antenna according to claim 20 is characterized in that, the scope of the maximum amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units in the described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift is 0 ~ 250 degree.
49. reflectarray antenna according to claim 20 is characterized in that, the scope of the maximum amount of phase shift of all phase-shifting units in the described reflectarray antenna and the difference of minimum amount of phase shift is 0 ~ 180 degree.
50. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna is transmitting antenna, reception antenna or transceiver antenna.
51. reflectarray antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflectarray antenna is satellite television receiving antenna, satellite communication antena, microwave antenna or radar antenna.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210447464.8A CN102983412B (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | Reflective plane of reflective array antenna |
| PCT/CN2013/086773 WO2014071866A1 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2013-11-08 | Reflective array surface and reflective array antenna |
| EP13853937.4A EP2919322B1 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2013-11-08 | Reflective array surface and reflective array antenna |
| US14/696,478 US9583839B2 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2015-04-26 | Reflective array surface and reflective array antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210447464.8A CN102983412B (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | Reflective plane of reflective array antenna |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102983412A true CN102983412A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
| CN102983412B CN102983412B (en) | 2014-04-30 |
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| CN201210447464.8A Active CN102983412B (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | Reflective plane of reflective array antenna |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2014071866A1 (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-05-15 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Reflective array surface and reflective array antenna |
| CN109638433A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-04-16 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of low section fuze antenna |
| CN111585020A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Omnidirectional scanning monopole end-fire array antenna of horizontal wave beam |
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| CN101154645A (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-02 | 三星电子株式会社 | Circuit substrate for preventing warpage and package using the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2014071866A1 (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-05-15 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Reflective array surface and reflective array antenna |
| US9583839B2 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2017-02-28 | Kuang-Chi Innovative Technology Ltd. | Reflective array surface and reflective array antenna |
| CN109638433A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-04-16 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of low section fuze antenna |
| CN111585020A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Omnidirectional scanning monopole end-fire array antenna of horizontal wave beam |
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| CN102983412B (en) | 2014-04-30 |
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Effective date of registration: 20161214 Address after: 518000 Guangdong City, Nanshan District province high tech Zone in the middle of a high tech building, building No. 2, No. 9, building Patentee after: Shenzhen Guangqi Innovative Technology Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Kuang-Chi Institute of Advanced Technology Address before: 518034 A international business center, No. 1061, Xiang Mei Road, Guangdong, Shenzhen, Futian District, China 18B Patentee before: Shenzhen Guangqi Innovative Technology Co., Ltd. |