CN102931880A

CN102931880A - Automatic focus tracking type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system

Info

Publication number: CN102931880A
Application number: CN2011102300079A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尤长鹏; 尤路
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-08-12
Filing date: 2011-08-12
Publication date: 2013-02-13

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic focus tracking type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system, and belongs to the field of concentrating photovoltaics (CPV). The problems of accuracy, cooling and weather resistance bottlenecks of the conventional CPV are mainly solved, and power generation cost is lowered. The system consists of five systems: (A), for concentrating power generation, condensing mirrors are fixed, and solar cells are driven by a stepper motor to track sunlight converging focuses; (B), for control tracking, computer time is corrected by a timing system, the position of a sunlight converging focus at another coming moment is calculated according to the original positions, module parameters, directions and positions of two sunlight converging focuses, which are manually measured at a certain time interval, and an instruction is transmitted to the stepper motor to drive the solar cells to move to the position at the moment; (C), for cooling and heat production, the solar cells are directly impregnated by a circulating liquid heat conducting medium; (D), for charging and discharging inversion, running power is stored at first, and redundant power is transmitted to a power grid; and (E), for automatic cleaning, an automatic spraying and rain wiping mode is adopted.

Description

Automatic tracking focal point type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system

Technical Field

The invention relates to a Concentrating photovoltaic power generation system, belonging to the Concentrating solar energy application and the Concentrating photovoltaic field, namely the Concentrating photovoltaics or CPV field.

Background

The concentrated photovoltaic is a technology for directly converting concentrated sunlight into electric energy by a photovoltaic cell with high conversion efficiency, and CPV is the most typical representative of the concentrated solar power generation technology.

The silicon crystal cell and the thin film cell perform photoelectric conversion, which are first and second generation solar energy utilization technologies, respectively, and both of which are widely used, and a concentrating solar power generation technology that utilizes an optical element to concentrate sunlight for utilization is considered as a third generation technology of a future development trend of solar power generation.

Concentrated photovoltaics are considered to be the explosive growth of third generation photovoltaic technology due to the extremely high scale potential and huge cost reduction space of the concentrated photovoltaics, but the greatest technical challenges faced by the technology at present are precision, cooling and cost.

The concentrating photovoltaic system is required to be provided with a sun tracking system to enable the converged sunlight to irradiate on the solar cell all the time, the higher the concentrating multiplying power is, the higher the tracking precision is required to be, and the smaller the tracking error is, but the concentrating photovoltaic system is required to accurately track the converged sunlight, is required to face the tests of wind, rain, cloud weather and natural environment, and the cost rises quickly along with the improvement of the tracking precision, so that the development potential of concentrating photovoltaic is hindered.

On the other hand, the local temperature of the solar cell is higher due to high-power condensation, so that the conversion efficiency of the solar cell is reduced, the service life of the solar cell is also shortened, and the development momentum of the condensation photovoltaic is also hindered.

At present, there are many methods for tracking the sun in a solar control tracking system, but the method is not limited to the following two methods, one is a photoelectric tracking method, and the other is tracking according to a view-sun motion trajectory, wherein the former is a closed-loop random system, and the latter is an open-loop program control system.

The most similar known tracking system is the invention patent with application number/patent number 200810095963.9 of the sun tracking device and the solar power generation system thereof, but is different from the specific content of the invention in that:

1. 200810095963.9 the invention relates to a tracking method of photoelectric tracking, wherein the solar image capturing unit is a photoelectric coupling element or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor, the power device is pre-actuated by calculating the difference data of the centers of the two solar images, and the tracking method is a closed loop system, one purpose of calculating the difference of the solar images is to continue tracking by calculation when the solar images are influenced by cloud layers; the invention relates to a sun-viewing movement track tracking, which is an open-loop program control system.A computer calculates the position of a sunlight focus after a condensing lens converges at a certain moment in advance according to calibrated standard date and time, geographic position, module parameters and installation direction and angle, and instructs a control motor to move a solar cell to the position when the moment arrives.

2. 200810095963.9 discloses a tracking method that 'a storage unit stores a sun image as a first sun image or a preset sun image, a sun image is actually measured as a second image or an actual sun image after 1 second, and tracking is performed by comparing the relative position difference of the circle centers of the two images'; the two solar focus positions of the invention are both actual measurement positions, and the future time position is calculated through the two actual measurement positions.

3. 200810095963.9 is a tracking method of the invention comprising a storage unit storing a first sun image, an image capturing unit capturing a second sun image of the sun at a specific time interval, wherein the specific time interval is 1 second; the invention needs longer interval time as better to reduce errors of the apparent day movement track, the east-west actual measurement time interval needs to take hours as a unit, the north-south actual measurement time interval needs to take days as a unit, and the error generated by calculating the apparent day movement track by using the time interval below minutes and seconds is large to be meaningless, and the difference of the time intervals is also because the invention patent of 200810095963.9 is a photoelectric tracking mode, but the invention is tracking the apparent day movement track, and the tracking modes are different.

4. 200810095963.9 is "adjust solar panels toward the sun to collect solar energy"; the mode of collecting solar energy of the invention is to move the solar cell to track the focus of sunlight convergence, and does not require the solar cell to always face the sun, but the solar cell of the invention does not vertically face the sun except individual time in actual application because the two are different in tracking target.

5. 200810095963.9 actually captures a second sun image; the actual measurement of the invention is that the two sunlight convergence focus positions are different.

6. 200810095963.9 does not disclose how to pre-actuate its power plant with the difference data between the centers of the two sun images; the invention discloses a method and a specific algorithm for calculating the next focal position according to the focal position and the date and time of convergence of two actually measured sunlight.

Compared with the apparent day motion trajectory tracking mode, the photoelectric tracking mode has the main problems that the photoelectric tracking mode is interfered by clouds, searching for tracking again after the photoelectric tracking mode is interfered by the clouds, and large energy and cost are consumed, and the apparent day motion trajectory tracking cost is calculated in the apparent day motion trajectory; the invention can reduce the operation cost of the whole control tracking system by actually measuring the focus position of the convergence of two sunlight to calculate the next focus position and controlling the computer network.

The difference from the known solar tracking system technology is that the known solar tracking system keeps the solar cell to face the sun at any time, and the light of the sunlight vertically irradiates the solar cell at any time, but the invention does not require the solar cell to face the sun at any time, and the light of the sunlight vertically irradiates the solar cell at any time, and the solar cell of the invention is not vertical to the light of the sunlight except at individual time actually.

The solar tracking system is different from the known solar tracking system with the sun-viewing movement track in that the known sun-viewing movement track solar tracking system controls the elevation tracking and the azimuth tracking of the solar cell piece by calculating the elevation angle and the azimuth of the sun, and the position of the sunlight focus converged by the condensing lens is obtained by calculating the sun track and the solar cell piece is pushed to track the position.

For example, the invention patent with application/patent number 200510043491.9 of the known solar tracking system for tracking sun with movement track of apparent day closest to the present invention, namely method and device for tracking sun automatically according to time control, is different from the present invention in the following aspects:

1. 200510043491.9 patent of invention 'calculating true solar time and declination angle by time, then controlling the trough-shaped parabolic condenser to track the elevation angle and azimuth by the driver for tracking the elevation angle and azimuth of the sun'; the invention calculates the position of the sunlight focus converged by the condensing lens, tracks the sunlight focus converged by the condensing lens, and has different tracking targets.

2. 200510043491.9 patent of invention 'azimuth tracking driver is arranged on the base, elevation tracking driver is fixed on the output shaft of the azimuth tracking driver, trough paraboloid concentrating solar receiver is fixed on the output shaft of the elevation tracking driver, the whole trough paraboloid concentrating solar receiver rotates to track the elevation and azimuth of the sun in pitching mode'; the invention has fixed collecting lens, and the mobile solar cell plate tracks the collecting lens to converge the sunlight focus, thus reducing the tracking load, the tracking power and the influence of the environment and lowering the cost.

3. 200510043491.9 patent of invention is that the perpetual calendar composed of single chip computer is used to calculate and track the sun direction and declination angle; the invention firstly calibrates the time for calculation by the standard time of the time service system, and the time precision is improved to be less than second, thereby further improving the light condensation multiple of the invention and reducing the cost again.

4. 200510043491.9 discloses no calculation method and formula for calculating the azimuth and declination angle of the sun by perpetual calendar and the elevation tracking and azimuth tracking of the condenser.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the known solar concentrating photovoltaic precision and the like, the invention aims to provide a solar concentrating photovoltaic deviceSolar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system capable of automatically tracking sunlight focus。

The invention aims to realize that the automatic tracking focus type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system，Comprises a light-gathering power generation system and a control tracking system(ii) a The concentrating power generation system comprises a concentrating module, a module frame, a control motor, a transmission mechanism and a solar cell, wherein the concentrating module comprises a concentrating lens, the control tracking system comprises a time service system, a computer network, a control motor controller and a control motor driver, and is characterized in that the concentrating module provided with the concentrating lens is fixed relative to the ground, the module frame is embedded with a plurality of concentrating lenses, the control tracking system receives an instruction to enable the control motor to drive the solar cell connected with the control motor to track the sunlight focus converged by the concentrating lens through the transmission mechanism, and the focus of the sunlight converged by each concentrating lens can be positioned on one solar cell.

That is, in the aspect of a light-gathering power generation structure, the invention adopts a mode that the fixed collecting lens and the movable solar cell slice are used for tracking the sunlight focus of the collecting lens, thereby reducing the tracking load and the tracking power, improving the wind resistance and the weather tolerance and saving the cost.

The invention is characterized in that a light-gathering module provided with a light-gathering lens is fixed relative to the ground, and a control tracking system commands a control motor to drive a solar cell to track the sunlight focus gathered by the light-gathering lens through a transmission mechanism.

The collecting lens is a mirror surface capable of collecting sunlight together, and can be one of a Fresnel lens, a convex lens, a reflective collecting lens or a groove-type collecting lens.

The light-gathering module is formed by arranging a plurality of light-gathering lenses into an array and fixing the light-gathering lenses in a module frame; adjusting the focus of each collecting lens to ensure that the focus of each collecting lens is positioned on the same focal plane; each condenser focus corresponds to a solar cell; the transmission mechanism can drive all solar cells in the module to track the sunlight focus converged by the condenser.

The solar cell refers to a device capable of directly converting solar radiation into electric energy, and can be one or a combination of two of a gallium arsenide solar cell, a monocrystalline silicon solar cell and a polycrystalline silicon solar cell.

The control motor is a motor with the rotating speed of a rotor controlled by an input signal and reacting according to the signal, and can be one or the combination of two of a stepping motor, a linear motor, a speed reducing motor and an alternating current/direct current motor.

The transmission mechanism can drive the mechanical device of the solar cell panel to move. The driving mechanism comprises an east-west slide rail, a northwest slide block, a northwest screw rod, a west slide block, an east-west screw rod, a southwest slide block, a heat dissipation plate, an east-south slide block, a northwest slide rail, a module west side plate and a module east side plate, the control motor comprises an east-west control motor and a northwest control motor, the module frame adopts a module square box, and a plurality of condenser lenses are embedded on a module upper panel of the module square box; the focus of the sunlight collected by each collecting lens corresponds to one solar cell; all the solar cells in the module square box are fixed on the same heat dissipation plate; the heat dissipation plate is fixed on the east sliding block and the west sliding block; the middle section of the south-north screw is in threaded connection with the west sliding block, the south-north screw rotates clockwise or anticlockwise to enable the west sliding block to translate to the south or the north on the south-north screw, and the west sliding block moves to drive the heat dissipation plate and the solar cell slice on the heat dissipation plate to translate to the south or the north due to the fact that the middle section of the south-north sliding rail is arranged in the east sliding block, so that the east sliding block freely slides to the south or the north along the south-north sliding rail; the north end of the south-north screw rod is arranged in the northwest slide block and can only freely rotate in the northwest slide block; the south end of the south-north screw rod is arranged in the southwest sliding block and can freely rotate in the sliding block; the south end of the south-north screw rod is also connected with the shaft of the south-north control motor in a shaft way and can rotate together with the shaft of the south-north control motor; the south-north control motor is fixed on the southwest sliding block; when the north-south control motor rotates clockwise or anticlockwise, the north-south screw rod connected with the north-south control motor rotates together to drive the west sliding block screwed with the north-south screw rod to translate south or north, and the heat dissipation plate fixed on the west sliding block and the solar cell slice fixed on the heat dissipation plate translate south or north; the west end of the east-west screw is coupled with the shaft of the east-west control motor and can rotate together with the east-west control motor shaft; the east-west control motor is fixed on the west side plate of the module; the east end of the east-west screw is arranged in an east-west screw hole arranged on the east side plate of the module, and can only freely rotate in the east-west screw hole of the east side plate of the module; the part of the middle segment of the east-west screw is arranged in the southwest sliding block, and the southwest sliding block can freely slide or move to the east or the west along the east-west screw; the middle east-west screw is screwed in the east-south slide block, and when the east-west screw rotates, the east-south slide block screwed on the east-west screw can be driven to translate to the east or to the west; the west end of the east-west slide rail is fixed on the west side plate of the module; the east end of the east-west slide rail is fixed on the east side plate of the module; the part of the middle section of the east-west sliding rail, which is slightly west, is arranged in the northwest sliding block, and the northwest sliding block can freely slide to the east or the west along the east-west sliding rail; the east-west slide rail middle section part is arranged in the northeast slide block, the northeast slide block can freely slide to the east or the west along the east-west slide rail; the shaft of the east-west control motor rotates clockwise or anticlockwise, so that the east-west screw connected with the shaft can rotate together, the east-south sliding block screwed with the east-west screw is driven to translate towards the east or the west along the east-west screw, meanwhile, the south-north sliding rail on the east-south sliding block, the east sliding block on the south-north sliding rail and the heat dissipation plate are driven to translate towards the east or the west, and the solar cell slice fixed on the heat dissipation plate also translates towards the east or the west.

In the aspect of controlling the tracking mode, the invention adopts the solar tracking mode of the apparent sun movement track to overcome the interference of cloud layers on the tracking; the complexity degree of calculating the movement track of the sunlight focus is reduced by actually measuring two sunlight focuses and calculating the future time focus; and the control tracking system is used for calculating the standard time after the time service system is calibrated to improve the tracking precision of the whole tracking system.

The computer of the control tracking system of the invention receives the standard time of the time service system to calibrate the time of the computer, calculates the position of the sunlight convergence focus at the next moment according to the original position, date, lens and module parameters, installation direction angle and geographical position of two sunlight convergence focuses manually measured at a certain time interval, and the control tracking system can send an operation instruction when the moment arrives and transmit the operation instruction to the control motor controller and the control motor driver through the computer network to reach the control motor, and the instruction control motor drives the solar cell connected with the control motor to move to the position of the sunlight focus at the next moment.

The motor control controller can also be a controller with a storage arithmetic unit, can store a series of motion instructions sent by a computer in the controller, sends a motor operation control signal according to time, and can still independently operate after the computer network is interrupted.

The time service system is standard time generated and maintained by an atomic clock, and time signals are transmitted to a user through various means and media, wherein the means can be one or more of short wave, long wave, telephone network, internet, satellite, laser, infrared ray and radio.

The computer is a machine which processes data according to a series of instructions by utilizing the principle of electronics, and can be one or the mixture of a computer and a singlechip.

The invention is characterized in that one computer can simultaneously calculate the sun-looking movement tracks of a plurality of modules through a network and simultaneously instruct a plurality of control motors distributed at different places to operate.

In the aspect of cooling and heat production, the technology of directly soaking the solar cell is adopted to solve the problems of local high temperature and cooling, and simultaneously produce solar heat energy.

The solar cell heat-dissipation system is characterized in that a solar cell is directly soaked in a heat-conducting medium, the heat-conducting medium circulates in a closed space formed by a heat-dissipation plate, a transparent cover plate, a sealing piece, a pipe joint, a heat-resistant pipe, a heat-dissipation pump and a radiator, and heat energy generated by the solar cell is continuously transferred to a cooling heat-generating system of a heat-storage medium in a heat reservoir; the upper part of the solar cell is covered with a transparent cover plate; the edges of the heat dissipation plate and the transparent cover plate are sealed by a sealing element to form a hollow cavity, and all the solar cells are positioned in the cavity; the cavity is filled with a heat-conducting medium, and the solar cell is directly soaked in the heat-conducting medium; the cavity is connected with the heat-resistant hose, the heat-radiating pump and the radiator through pipe joints, and the other end of the radiator is connected back to the other pipe joint of the cavity through another heat-resistant hose to form a loop; the cavity, the heat-resisting hose, the heat dissipation pump and the radiator form a whole closed space, and the heat-conducting medium is filled in the whole closed space; the heat-conducting medium is driven by the heat-radiating pump to circularly flow in the whole closed space, and the heat energy generated by the solar cell is brought to the radiator and transferred to the heat storage medium in the heat storage device.

The solar photovoltaic cooling heat production system is characterized in that the heat conducting medium is a liquid transparent non-conducting heat conducting medium and can be one or a mixture of pure water, heat conducting oil, molten salt and heat dissipating liquid.

In the aspect of cleaning, the labor intensity of cleaning work of the solar power generation collecting lens is reduced by adopting an automatic wiper spraying system.

The invention is characterized in that the automatic cleaning system consists of a windscreen wiper, a spray header, a windscreen wiper pump and an automatic switch, and the automatic cleaning system consists of the windscreen wiper, the spray header, the windscreen wiper pump and the automatic switch; the wiper and the spray header are arranged on the module panel; a water pipe of the spray header is connected with the wiper pump; the rechargeable battery is connected with the automatic switch through a lead, and the automatic switch is connected with the windscreen wiper and the windscreen wiper pump through leads. The automatic switch is started at regular time, the wiper pump is started to spray cleaning water to the solar heat collection panel through the spray header, and meanwhile, the scraper operates to scrape away dust.

According to the automatic tracking focus type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system, when the control motor adopts the stepping motor, the south and north screw rods in the module point to the south and north poles, and the elevation angle is equal to the geographical latitude of the module, the running track of the stepping motor is calculated according to the following formula:

and (3) moving the solar cell to the step pitch angle value which the east-west stepping motor of the focus converged by the condenser lens should reach at the next moment:

wherein,

Figure 2011102300079100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE002

the step angle value of the east-west stepping motor for indicating that the converged light spot falls on the solar cell piece at the local place at 12 am;

Figure 2011102300079100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE003

the step angle value of the east-west stepping motor when the convergent light spot falls on the solar cell piece at 13 times of local place is shown; t represents the current time;showing the step pitch angle value of the east-west stepping motor when the converged light spot falls on the solar cell at the time T;

and the step angle value that the south-north stepping motor should reach is as follows:

Figure 2011102300079100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE005

；

wherein:；

in the formula:

Figure 2011102300079100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE007

the step pitch angle value of the stepping motor at the T moment is obtained;

solar declination angle;the spring minute point step pitch angle value;

the step pitch angle value of the summer solstice point; n is the number of days in the year, such as spring minutes n =81, summer to n =172.25, fall minutes n =263.5, winter to n = 354.75.

According to the automatic tracking focus type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system, when the control motor adopts a stepping motor, the focus position of a concentrated light spot on a solar cell piece at 12 noon when the local place is divided into spring and divided into four parts is taken as an original point, and the vertical distance from a T sunlight collection focus point at the next moment to the original point in the east-west direction is as follows:

in the formula

The vertical distance between the focal position at the time T and the origin in the east-west direction is defined;

Figure 2011102300079100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE013

is the focal length of the lens, and m is the number of minutes at noon from the local time;

the vertical distance from the T sunlight convergence focusing point to the north-south direction of the original point at the next moment is as follows:

in the formula:

Figure 2011102300079100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE015

the distance between the sunlight focal point and the origin in the north-south direction is vertical;

is the focal length of the lens; n is the number of days in the year; the stepping motor is triggered at the next moment T to enable the solar cell to move southward to be at the vertical distance from the main focus

In the position of (a).

The advantages of the invention are as follows: the invention adopts the fixed condenser to track the focus to improve the tracking precision and the capability of resisting wind, rain, cloud weather and severe natural environment, simultaneously greatly reduces the tracking load and reduces the whole concentrating photovoltaic power generation cost.

The invention uses the standard time of accurate to millisecond obtained from the time service system to operate, which can improve the tracking precision to micron level;

the computer network is adopted for control signal transmission, so that one computer can control a plurality of light-gathering modules at the same time, and the cost of the light-gathering solar control tracking system is further reduced.

The invention adopts the technology of directly soaking the solar cell to solve the problems of local high temperature and cooling and simultaneously produce solar heat energy.

The labor intensity of cleaning work of the solar power generation collecting lens is reduced by adopting an automatic wiper spraying system.

Therefore, the invention better solves the defects of the solar concentrating photovoltaic system in the aspects of precision, cooling and cost through a series of comprehensive system schemes.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light-gathering power generation system according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the structure of the light-gathering power generation system of the present invention, that is, the bottom view of fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the control and tracking system of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooling heat-generating system of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of the structure of the cooling heat-generating system of the present invention, that is, a partial enlarged view of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the charge-discharge inverter system according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an automatic cleaning system according to the present invention.

In fig. 1, 1 module square box, 2 module top panels, 3 east-west slide rails, 4 northwest sliders, 5 northeast screws, 6 west sliders, 7 east-west control motors, 8 east-west screw, 9 southwest sliders, 10 northwest control motors, 11 condensers, 12 condensers collect sunlight, 13 solar cells, 14 heat dissipation plates, 15 southeast sliders, 16 southwest slide rails, 19 module west side plates, and 20 module east side plates.

Fig. 2 is the bottom view of fig. 1, in fig. 2, 1 module square box, 2 module top panels, 3 southwest slide rail, 4 northwest slide block, 5 northeast screw rod, 6 west slide block, 7 southwest control motor, 8 southeast screw rod, 9 southwest slide block, 10 northwest control motor, 11 condenser, 14 heating panel, 15 southeast slide block, 16 southwest slide rail, 17 eastern slide block, 18 northeast slide block, 19 module west lateral plates, 20 module east lateral plates.

In fig. 3, a time service system 201, a computer 202, a computer network 203, a motor controller 204, a motor driver 205 and a motor 206 are controlled.

In fig. 4, 13 solar cells, 14 heat dissipation plates, 301 another heat-resistant hose, 302 transparent cover plate, 303 sealing member, 304 heat-conducting medium, 305 pipe joint, 306 heat-resistant hose, 307 heat dissipation pump, 308 heat sink, 309 heat reservoir, 310 heat storage medium, 312 enlarged area in fig. 5.

Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 4, and in fig. 5, 13 solar cells, 14 heat dissipation plates, 302 transparent cover plates, 303 sealing members, 304 heat transfer media, 305 pipe joints, 306 heat-resistant hoses, and 311 are the other sealing members.

In fig. 6, 13 solar cells, 14 heat dissipation plates, 401 leads, 402 charge and discharge controllers, 403 rechargeable batteries, 404 inverters, 405 grid.

In fig. 7, 2 modules panel, 501 wiper, 502 shower head, 503 wiper pump, 504 automatic switch, 505 lead, 506 rechargeable battery, 507 water pipe.

Detailed Description

The invention relates to an automatic tracking focus type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system, which comprises the following structures, wherein A, a concentrating power generation system is shown in a figure 1 and a figure 2; B. controlling the tracking system as in fig. 3; C. cooling the heat generating system as shown in fig. 4 and 5; D. the charge-discharge inversion system is shown in figure 6; E. the automatic cleaning system is composed of five subsystems as shown in figure 7.

A. The structural schematic diagrams of the light-gathering power generation system are shown in the attached drawings 1 and 2, fig. 2 is a bottom view of fig. 1, the light-gathering power generation system comprises a light-gathering module, a module frame, a transmission mechanism and a solar cell, the light-gathering module comprises a light-gathering lens, and the light-gathering power generation system is also the structural schematic diagram of the light-gathering power generation system using the light-gathering lens, namely a Fresnel lens and a stepping motor.

Light gatheringThe module includes the condensing lens, and the module frame can adopt module side box 1, and nine condensing lenses 11 are inlayed to module top panel 2 of module side box 1, and the condensing lens can adopt the chenille lens, corresponds nine solar wafer 13, and the solar wafer can adopt gallium arsenide solar wafer, and nine solar wafer are controlled simultaneously to one set of drive control mechanism, can practice thrift the cost.

The transmission mechanism comprises an east-west slide rail, a northwest slide block, a northwest screw rod, a west slide block, an east-west control motor, an east-west screw rod, a southwest slide block, a northwest control motor, a heat dissipation plate, an southeast slide block, a northwest slide rail, a module west side plate and a module east side plate.

The gallium arsenide solar cell, the heat dissipation plate, all the slide rails, all the screw rails and all the stepping motors are all arranged in the module square box, so that the mechanical moving part can be prevented from being influenced by environmental dust.

According to the invention, a certain screw and a parallel slide rail form a motion track in one direction, the east-west screw and the east-west slide rail bear the south-north screw and the south-north slide rail, the heat dissipation plate is arranged on the slide block on the cross slide rail, so that the heat dissipation plate can translate in the east-west direction and the south-north direction on the slide block, and the east-west screw or the south-north screw can rotate clockwise and anticlockwise to control the slide block to accurately move in the east-west direction or the south-north direction.

The stepping motor moves according to the instruction signal, the movement distance is controllable, and the movement precision can reach micron level after being matched with the screw rod.

The collecting lens is a mirror surface capable of collecting sunlight together, namely a Fresnel lens, a convex lens, a reflective collecting lens, a groove type collecting lens or one of the Fresnel lens, the convex lens, the reflective collecting lens and the groove type collecting lens.

The solar cell is a device capable of directly converting solar radiation into electric energy, and a gallium arsenide solar cell, a monocrystalline silicon solar cell, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell or one of the gallium arsenide solar cell, the monocrystalline silicon solar cell and the polycrystalline silicon solar cell is adopted.

According to the optical principle: the plane of the overfocus perpendicular to the main shaft is called a focal plane; parallel light beams forming a certain included angle with the main optical axis are collected to a secondary focus on a focal plane; the sunlight is quasi-parallel light, and the change of the solar time angle and the altitude angle enables the sunlight focus converged by the stationary condenser lens to move on the focal plane, so that the focal spot converged by the sunlight can be tracked by moving the solar cell piece on the focal plane, namely the sunlight focus can be tracked by controlling the motor to drive the solar cell piece to move on the focal plane.

The module square box 1 is a hollow square box, and a plurality of condensing lenses 11 are embedded on the module upper panel 2 of the module square box 1, wherein the number of the condensing lenses can be 1-100, and can be more than 100 according to the requirement, and the number of the condensing lenses is 9 in the example; each condensing lens converges the focal point of the sunlight 12 to correspond to one solar cell 13, that is, is located on the solar cell 13; the solar cells 13 in the module case 1 are fixed to the same heat sink 14.

The heat sink 14 is fixed to the east slider 17 and the west slider 6.

The middle section of the south-north screw 5 is screwed in the west slide block 6, and the south-north screw 5 rotates clockwise or anticlockwise to enable the west slide block 6 to translate south or north on the south-north screw 5.

The middle part of the north-south slide rail 16 is arranged in the east slide block 17, and the east slide block 17 can freely slide along the north-south slide rail 16 to the south or the north.

The north end of the south-north screw 5 is arranged in the northwest slide block 4 and can only freely rotate in the northwest slide block 4.

The south end of the south-north screw 5 is arranged in the southwest sliding block 9 and can freely rotate in the sliding block.

The south end of the south-north screw 5 is also connected with the shaft of the south-north control motor 10, and can rotate together with the shaft of the south-north control motor 10.

The south-north control motor 10 is fixed on the southwest sliding block 9, and the south-north control motor 10 rotates to drive the south-north screw 5 to rotate.

When the north-south control motor 10 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, the north-south screw 5 connected with the north-south control motor rotates together to drive the west slider 6 screwed with the north-south screw 5 to translate south or north, and the heat dissipation plate 14 fixed on the west slider 6 and the solar cell 13 fixed on the heat dissipation plate 14 translate south or north.

The west end of the east-west screw 8 is coupled with the shaft of the east-west control motor 7 and can rotate together with the shaft of the east-west control motor 7.

The east-west control motor 7 is fixed on a module west side plate 19 in the module square box 1.

The east end of the east-west screw 8 is arranged in an east-west screw hole arranged on the module east-side plate 20 in the module square box 1, and can only freely rotate in the east-west screw hole of the module east-side plate 20.

The part of the middle part of the east-west screw 8 in the west is arranged in the southwest slide block 9 or is screwed in the southwest slide block 9, and the southwest slide block 9 can freely slide along the east-west screw 8 to the east or the west.

The middle east-west screw 8 is screwed in the southeast sliding block 15, and when the southeast screw 8 rotates, the southeast sliding block 15 screwed on the east-west screw can be driven to translate to the east or the west.

The west end of the east-west rail 3 is fixed to the module west side plate 19.

The east end of the east-west slide rail 3 is fixed on the module east side plate 20.

The part of the middle section of the east-west slide rail 3, which is slightly west, is arranged in the northwest slide block 4, and the northwest slide block 4 can freely slide along the east-west slide rail 3 to the east or to the west.

The part of the middle east of the east-west slide rail 3 is arranged in the northeast slide block 18, and the northeast slide block 18 can freely slide along the east-west slide rail 3 to the east or the west.

The shaft of the east-west control motor 7 rotates clockwise or anticlockwise, so that the east-west screw 8 connected with the shaft can rotate together, the east-south slide block 15 screwed with the east-west screw 8 is driven to translate east or west along the east-west screw 8, meanwhile, the north-south slide rail 16 on the east-south slide block 15, the east slide block 17 on the north-south slide rail 16 and the heat dissipation plate 14 fixed on the east slide block 17 are driven to translate east or west, and the solar cell piece 13 fixed on the heat dissipation plate 14 also translates east or west.

The specific working mode of the concentrating power generation system is as follows:

the module square box 1 is a hollow square box, and a plurality of condensing lenses 11 are embedded on the module upper panel 2; each condensing lens converges one solar cell 13 corresponding to the focus of the sunlight 12; each solar cell 13 in the module square box 1 is fixed on the same heat dissipation plate 14; the heat dissipation plate 14 is fixed on the east sliding block 17 and the west sliding block 6; the middle section of the south-north screw 5 is in threaded connection with the west slider 6, the south-north screw 5 rotates clockwise or anticlockwise to enable the west slider 6 to translate south or north on the south-north screw 5, and the west slider 6 moves to drive the heat dissipation plate 14 and the solar cell 13 thereon to translate south or north so as to enable the east slider 17 to freely slide south or north along the south-north slide rail 16 as the middle section of the south-north slide rail 16 is arranged in the east slider 17; the north end of the south-north screw 5 is arranged in the northwest slide block 4 and can only freely rotate in the northwest slide block 4; the south end of the south-north screw 5 is arranged in the southwest sliding block 9 and can freely rotate in the sliding block; the south end of the south-north screw 5 is also connected with the shaft of the south-north control motor 10 by a shaft and can rotate together with the shaft of the south-north control motor 10; the south-north control motor 10 is fixed on the southwest sliding block 9; when the north-south control motor 10 rotates clockwise or anticlockwise, the north-south screw 5 connected with the south-north control motor rotates together to drive the west sliding block 6 screwed with the north-south screw 5 to translate south or north, and the heat dissipation plate 14 fixed on the west sliding block 6 and the solar cell 13 fixed on the heat dissipation plate 14 translate south or north; the west end of the east-west screw 8 is coupled with the shaft of the east-west control motor 7 and can rotate together with the shaft of the east-west control motor 7; the east-west control motor 7 is fixed on the west side plate 19 of the module; the east end of the east-west screw 8 is arranged in an east-west screw hole arranged on the east-west side plate 20 of the module, and can only freely rotate in the east-west screw hole of the east-west side plate 20 of the module; the part of the middle part of the east-west screw 8 in the west-west direction is arranged in the southwest sliding block 9, and the southwest sliding block 9 can freely slide or move along the east-west screw 8 to the east or to the west; the middle east-west screw 8 is screwed in the southeast sliding block 15, and when the southeast screw 8 rotates, the southeast sliding block 15 screwed on the east-west screw can be driven to translate to the east or the west; the west end of the east-west slide rail 3 is fixed on the west side plate 19 of the module; the east end of the east-west slide rail 3 is fixed on the east side plate 20 of the module; the part of the middle section of the east-west slide rail 3, which is slightly west, is arranged in the northwest slide block 4, and the northwest slide block 4 can freely slide to the east or the west along the east-west slide rail 3; the part of the middle section of the east-west slide rail 3, which is east-west, is arranged in the northeast slide block 18, and the northeast slide block 18 can freely slide to east or west along the east-west slide rail 3; the shaft of the east-west control motor 7 rotates clockwise or anticlockwise, so that the east-west screw 8 connected with the shaft can rotate together, the east-south slide block 15 screwed with the east-west screw 8 is driven to translate east or west along the east-west screw 8, meanwhile, the south-north slide rail 16 on the east-south slide block 15, the east slide block 17 on the south-north slide rail 16 and the heat dissipation plate 14 are driven to translate east or west, and the solar cell piece 13 fixed on the heat dissipation plate 14 also translates east or west.

B. The control tracking system is shown in fig. 3:

The computer 202 calibrates the standard time through the time service system 201, calculates the position of the sunlight convergence focus at another future time according to the original positions, dates, parameters of the lens and the module, the installation direction angle and the geographic position of the two sunlight convergence focuses which are manually measured at a certain time interval, and sends an instruction to the control motor controller 204 and the control motor driver 205 through the computer network 203 when the future time arrives, so that the control motor 206 operates to drive the solar cell to move to the calculated position.

The motor control controller can also be a controller with a storage arithmetic unit, a series of motion instructions sent by a computer can be stored in the controller, a motor operation control signal is sent according to time, and the controller can still be independently operated after the computer network is interrupted.

The computer is a machine which processes data according to a series of instructions by utilizing the principle of electronics, and is one or the combination of a computer and a singlechip.

Because the motion of the sun is predictable, the control tracking system calculates the position of a light spot of the sunlight focus converged by the condensing lens in advance according to standard time, and instructs the control motor to drive the solar cell to track the sunlight focus.

The advantage of using computer network to transmit control instruction is that one computer can calculate the spot position of the focused sunlight focus of several collecting lenses and control several controllers and control motors distributed in different places.

The specific working mode of the control tracking system of the invention is as follows:

the invention relates to an automatic tracking focus type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system，The flow chart of the control tracking system is shown in figure 3.

Taking the control motor as a stepping motor as an example:

the computer 202 receives the standard time of the time service system 201 to calibrate the computer time, then calculates according to the original positions, dates and times of two sunlight convergence focuses, the parameters of the lens and the module, the installation direction angle and the geographic position of the module, which are manually measured at a certain time interval, obtains the position of the sunlight convergence focus at another moment in the future, sends an instruction when the moment arrives, and transmits the instruction to the stepping motor controller 204 and the stepping motor driver 205 through the computer network 203 to reach the stepping motor 206, so as to drive the stepping motor 206 to drive the solar cell to run to the calculated position.

For example: firstly, a vertical upright post is erected on a horizontal plane, the change of shadow length within a few hours before and after noon is measured, when the shadow is shortest, namely the change of the shadow length at the local place at noon is 12 hours, the shadow of the upright post points to the true north and south, the direction is marked, and the north and south slide rails are aligned to the true south and the true north; the longitude and latitude values of the local geographic position can be found out by using a map or global satellite positioning equipment, and the directions of the vertical upright shadow when the world arrives are the true south and the true north of the local when the world is calculated at the time of 12 am of the local time; the module is adjusted at 12 noons in the local time and is aligned with the sun to make the module horizontal tilt angle equal to the latitude of the geographical location of the module, raise the module north side in the northern hemisphere and make the module incline to the south, raise the module south side in the southern hemisphere and incline to the north.

Manually operating the east-west direction and south-north direction two-step motor translation heat dissipation plates at 12 noon in the local place to enable the focus light spots converged by sunlight to accurately fall on the corresponding gallium arsenide solar cell pieces, respectively falling on the nine gallium arsenide solar cell pieces, and recording the step angle of the east-west direction step motor as the first original position in the east-west direction at the moment.

After one hour, namely 13 hours in the local place, the sun moves from east to west, the sunlight focus converged by the Fresnel lens also moves to east slowly on the focal plane, the east-west stepping motor and the south-north stepping motor are manually operated to translate the heat dissipation plate, so that the focus light spot converged by the sunlight is accurately dropped on the corresponding gallium arsenide solar cell again, and the step angle of the east-west stepping motor is recorded again as the second original position in the east-west direction.

The step pitch angle value which the east-west stepping motor of the focus which enables the solar cell to move to the collecting lens to converge at the next moment can be obtained by substituting the two step pitch angle values of the east-west stepping motor at the local 12 th moment and the local 13 th moment into the following formula:

wherein,

the step angle value of the east-west stepping motor when the convergent light spot falls on the solar cell piece at 13 times of local place is shown; t represents the current time;

and the step pitch angle value of the east-west stepping motor for showing that the converged light spot falls on the solar cell at the time T.

The step angle value of two original positions is input into a computer, the step angle at which the Fresnel lens converges at the next moment can be calculated through the formula, the sunlight focus which is converged by the Fresnel lens falls on the solar cell, and when the moment arrives, a step command is automatically sent to the stepping motor through a network, a stepping motor controller and a stepping motor driver, so that the stepping motor moves to the step angle.

Such as: the geographic position of the module is 118 degrees 0 '0.00' E of east longitude and 24 degrees 30 '0.00' N of north latitude by knowing through an internet satellite map; from the difference between the geographic longitude of the module and the longitude of 120 degrees 0 '0.00' E by 2 degrees, that is, the time difference with Beijing in east 8 areas by 8 minutes, the time of Beijing at 12 hours in the local time of the module is 12 hours and 08 minutes.

A vertical upright pole is erected on the horizontal plane, when the Beijing is 12 hours, 08-time-sharing upright pole shadow points to true north, the south-north slide rail of the module is aligned to true north, and the north side of the raised module makes the included angle between the module and the horizontal plane equal to 24 degrees and 30 degrees.

In the computer stepping motor driving software, the east-west stepping motor is manually driven to adjust the position of the solar cell panel, when the Beijing is 12 hours, 08 minutes are spent, the focus of sunlight converged by the Fresnel lens just falls on the solar cell, and the step angle of the stepping motor in the computer software is recorded to be 0 at the moment.

After one hour, namely the Beijing time is 13 hours and 08 minutes, the east-west stepping motor is manually driven again in the computer stepping motor driving software to adjust the position of the solar cell panel, so that the focus of the sunlight collected by the Fresnel lens just falls on the solar cell, and the step angle of the stepping motor in the computer software is recorded to be 2000 at the moment.

Through the above formula, the focal point of the sunlight converged by the Fresnel lens every day can be calculated to fall on the solar cell, and the step angle of the east-west stepping motor is as follows:

the step angle value of the 08-east-west-oriented stepping motor at Beijing time 9 is equal to-7464.

The step angle value of the 08-east-west-oriented stepping motor at 10 hours in Beijing is equal to-4309.

The step angle value of the 08-east-west-oriented stepping motor at 11 hours in Beijing is equal to-2000.

The step angle value of the 08-east-west-oriented stepping motor at Beijing time 12 is equal to 0.

The step angle value of a 08-east-west-oriented stepping motor at 13 hours in Beijing is equal to 2000.

The step angle value of the 08-minute east-west stepping motor at 14 hours in Beijing is 4309.

The step angle value of the 08-east-west-oriented stepping motor at 15 hours in Beijing is equal to 7464.

The computer can automatically send a stepping instruction to the stepping motor when the time arrives, and the stepping motor moves to the step angle through the network, the stepping motor controller and the stepping motor driver.

Another method is to calculate the focal length of the fresnel lens, for example, taking the focal position where the focused spot falls on the solar cell at 12 am at the local place as the origin, and the vertical distance from the focal point of the T-ray at any moment to the origin in the east-west direction:

in the formula

Is T atThe vertical distance between the position of the focus and the origin in the east-west direction;

m is the number of minutes at noon from the local time, which is the focal length of the lens.

For example: when 12 minutes of solar cells are just positioned on the main focus of the Fresnel lens, the focal length of the Fresnel lens is 100 mm, and when 13 minutes of solar cells are required to move to the east to the position which is 26.8 mm away from the main focus.

And converting a computer calculation result into a stepping motor control instruction, transmitting the stepping motor control instruction to a stepping motor controller through a computer network, converting the stepping motor control instruction into a stepping motor control pulse signal, and transmitting the stepping motor control pulse signal to a stepping motor driver, wherein the stepping motor driver drives a stepping motor to move the solar cell to the position.

The same principle is as follows: manually operating the east-west and south-north stepping motors to translate the heat dissipation plates when the northern hemisphere is at the local place of spring minutes at 12 noon so that focus spots converged by sunlight accurately fall on the corresponding gallium arsenide solar cell, and recording the step angle of the south-north stepping motor at the moment as a first original position in the south-north direction; the sun moves from south to north every day, the sunlight focus converged by the Fresnel lens also moves from north to south on a focal plane slowly, when the sun reaches 12 noon when the local place is summer to the sun, the east and west and the south and north two stepping motors are operated manually to move the heat dissipation plate, so that the focus light spot converged by the sunlight falls on the corresponding gallium arsenide solar cell piece accurately, the step angle of the south and north stepping motor is recorded again as a second position in the south and north direction, any time T can be calculated according to the following formula, and the step angle value of the focus converged by the Fresnel lens falling on the solar cell piece where the south and north stepping motor should be located is obtained:

；

wherein

In the formula:

the step pitch angle value of the stepping motor at the T moment is obtained;

solar declination angle;

the spring minute point step pitch angle value;

Such as: the software is driven by the stepping motor of the computer,

the step angle value of the south-north stepping motor at the spring minute moment is manually measured to be 0.

The step angle value of the stepping motor in the north-south direction at the summer arrival time is measured by hand and is 3238.

From the above equation:

the step angle value of the south-north stepping motor at the autumn minute moment is 0.

The step angle value of the south-north stepping motor at the winter solstice time is-3238.

Another method is to use the focal length of the fresnel lens to perform calculations, such as: the focal position of the converged light spot on the solar cell piece at the time of 12 noon when the local time in spring minutes is taken as the origin, and the vertical distance from the T sunlight convergence focal point at any moment to the north-south direction of the origin is as follows:

in the formula:

the vertical distance from the sunlight focal point to the north-south direction of the origin;is the focal length of the lens; n is the number of days in the year, such as spring minutes n =81, summer to n =172.25, fall minutes n =263.5, winter to n = 354.75.

Such as: the solar cell is just positioned on the main focus of the Fresnel lens at the spring minute moment, the focal length of the Fresnel lens is 100 mm, and the solar cell needs to move to the south to the position 43.4 mm away from the main focus at the summer arrival moment.

The step angle of the original positions of the two stepping motors is obtained by manually operating the two stepping motors, and then according to the date, the time, the lens specification, the focal length, the module direction angle and the geographic position value, the step angle of the focus of sunlight converged by the Fresnel lens on the solar cell piece, which is supposed to be positioned by the stepping motors, can be calculated by a computer in any date time, the computer sends a step angle instruction to a stepping motor controller according to calibrated time, the controller changes the instruction into a pulse signal which can be identified by a stepping motor driver, and the stepping motor is driven to operate to the step angle.

Similarly, no matter how the fixed module is installed, the two stepping motors are manually operated to obtain the step angles of the original positions of the two stepping motors, and then the step angles of the focus points converged by the Fresnel lens on the solar cell piece can be calculated by a computer according to the date, the time, the lens specification, the focal length, the module direction angle and the geographic position value; the computer sends a step angle instruction to the controller of the stepping motor according to the calibrated time, the controller changes the instruction into a pulse signal which can be identified by a driver of the stepping motor, the stepping motor is driven to run to the step angle, and the solar cell can accurately track the focus of sunlight convergence, so that the module can still track the focus and generate power when being installed on the surface of a building to become a part of the building.

The step motor controller can also be a step motor controller with a storage arithmetic unit, can store a series of motion instructions sent by a computer in the controller, sends a step motor operation signal according to time, and can still independently operate after the computer network is interrupted.

C. The cooling heat production system is shown in fig. 4 and 5:

The solar cell 13 is fixed on the heat dissipation plate 14; a transparent cover plate 302 covers the upper part of the solar cell 13; the edges of the heat dissipation plate 14 and the transparent cover plate 302 are sealed by a sealing member 303 to form a hollow cavity, and all the solar cells 13 are located in the cavity; the cavity is filled with the heat-conducting medium 304, and the solar cell 13 is directly soaked in the heat-conducting medium 304; the cavity is connected with a heat-resisting hose 306, a heat-radiating pump 307 and a radiator 308 through a pipe joint 305, and the other end of the radiator 308 is connected back to the other pipe joint of the cavity through another heat-resisting hose 301 to form a loop; the cavity, the heat-resistant hose, the heat-radiating pump 307 and the radiator 308 form a whole closed space, and the heat-conducting medium 304 is filled in the whole closed space; the heat dissipation pump 307 drives the heat-conducting medium to circularly flow in the whole closed space, and brings the heat energy generated by the solar cell 13 to the heat sink 308, and transfers the heat energy to the heat storage medium 310 in the heat reservoir 309.

The heat conducting medium 304 is a liquid transparent non-conducting medium, and may be one or a mixture of pure water, heat conducting oil, molten salt, and heat dissipating liquid.

The method for directly soaking the solar cell by using the liquid heat-conducting medium 304 for cooling can better solve the problem of local high temperature formed by sunlight gathered by the collecting lens, prevent the solar cell from being burnt out by the local high temperature, and simultaneously collect, transfer and store the heat energy generated by the solar cell.

D. The charge-discharge inversion system is shown in fig. 6:

Nine solar cells 13 are jointly fixed on a heat dissipation plate 14, electric energy generated by the solar cells 13 is transmitted to a charge-discharge controller 402 through a lead 401 in series-parallel connection to charge a rechargeable battery 403, the rechargeable battery 403 provides power for a light-gathering power generation system A and a control tracking system B to use, redundant electric energy is transmitted to an inverter 404, and the redundant electric energy is transmitted to a power grid 405 after inversion.

The rechargeable battery 403 can ensure the stability and reliability of the power consumption of the concentrating power generation system A and the control tracking system B, the charging and discharging controller 402 can protect the rechargeable battery 403 from long-life operation, and the inverter 404 inverts redundant electric energy in time and then sends the electric energy to the power grid 405.

E. The automatic cleaning system is shown in fig. 7:

The wiper 501 and the spray header 502 are arranged on the module panel 2; the water pipe of the spray header 502 is connected with the wiper pump 503; the rechargeable battery 506 is connected to the automatic switch 504 through a wire 505, and the automatic switch 504 is connected to the wiper pump 503 through a wire 505 and the wiper blade 501.

The automatic switch 504 is periodically turned on to connect the power supply of the wiper pump 503 and the wiper 501, clean water is sprayed to the module panel 2 through the spray header 502, and meanwhile, the wiper 501 reciprocates to wipe off dust on the module panel and the collecting lens.

The dust on the collecting lens can reduce the solar power generation capacity, the collecting lens is easy to cover the dust when being used in an outdoor high-dust environment for a long time, and timely cleaning of the dust is necessary for concentrating photovoltaic power generation.

When the reflective collecting lens is used, the collecting lens is positioned below the solar cell and keeps fixed relative to the ground, the cell is positioned above the collecting lens, the motor screw slide rail drives the solar cell to track the sunlight focus converged by the reflective collecting lens, and the operation principle is the same.

Claims

1. An automatic tracking focal point type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system comprises a concentrating power generation system and a control tracking system; the concentrating power generation system comprises a concentrating module, a module frame, a control motor, a transmission mechanism and a solar cell, wherein the concentrating module comprises a concentrating mirror, the control tracking system comprises a time service system, a computer network, a control motor controller and a control motor driver, and the concentrating power generation system is characterized in that the concentrating module provided with the concentrating mirror is fixed relative to the ground, the module frame is embedded with a plurality of concentrating mirrors, the control tracking system receives an instruction to enable the control motor to drive the solar cell connected with the control motor to track the sunlight focus converged by the concentrating mirror through the transmission mechanism, and the focus of the sunlight converged by each concentrating mirror can be positioned on one solar cell (13).

2. The automatic tracking focal point type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentrator is a mirror surface capable of concentrating sunlight, and may be one of a fresnel lens, a convex lens, a reflective concentrator or a trough concentrator.

3. The auto-tracking focal point solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentrating module is formed by arranging a plurality of concentrating mirrors in an array and fixing the concentrating mirrors in a module frame, and the focal points of the concentrating mirrors are located on the same focal plane; each collecting lens corresponds to a solar cell; the control tracking system receives the instruction to enable the control motor to drive the solar cell slices connected with the control motor to move through the transmission mechanism, and all the solar cell slices are located at the focus of sunlight converged by the condenser lens.

4. The automatic tracking focal point type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell is a device capable of directly converting solar radiation into electric energy, and can be one of or a combination of two of a gallium arsenide solar cell, a single crystal silicon solar cell and a polycrystalline silicon solar cell.

5. The automatic tracking focal point type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control motor is a motor whose rotor speed is controlled by an input signal and which reacts according to the input signal, and the control motor may be one or a combination of a stepping motor, a linear motor, a speed reducing motor and an ac/dc motor.

6. The solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises east-west slide rails, west-north slide rails, south-north screw rods, west slide rails, east-west screw rods, west-south slide rails, heat dissipation plates, south-south slide rails, south-north slide rails, module west side plates and module east side plates, the control motors comprise east-west control motors and south-north control motors, the module frame adopts a module square box (1), and a plurality of concentrating mirrors (11) are embedded on the module upper panel (2) of the module square box (1); the focus of the sunlight (12) converged by each condenser lens corresponds to one solar cell (13); each solar cell (13) in the module square box (1) is fixed on the same heat dissipation plate (14); the heat dissipation plate (14) is fixed on the east sliding block (17) and the west sliding block (6); the middle section of the south-north screw (5) is in threaded connection with the west sliding block (6), the south-north screw (5) rotates clockwise or anticlockwise to enable the west sliding block (6) to translate south or north on the south-north screw (5), and the west sliding block (6) moves to drive the heat dissipation plate (14) and the solar cell sheets (13) thereon to translate south or north so as to enable the east sliding block (17) to freely slide south or north along the south-north sliding rail (16) as the middle section of the south-north sliding rail (16) is arranged in the east sliding block (17); the north end of the south-north screw rod (5) is arranged in the northwest slide block (4) and can only freely rotate in the northwest slide block (4); the south end of the south-north screw rod (5) is arranged in the southwest sliding block (9) and can freely rotate in the sliding block; the south end of the south-north screw rod (5) is also connected with the shaft of the south-north control motor (10) in a shaft way and can rotate together with the shaft of the south-north control motor (10); the south-north control motor (10) is fixed on the southwest sliding block (9); when the north-south control motor (10) rotates clockwise or anticlockwise, the north-south screw rod (5) which is connected with the north-south control motor rotates together with the south-north screw rod to drive the west sliding block (6) which is in threaded connection with the north-south screw rod (5) to translate towards the south or the north, and the heat dissipation plate (14) fixed on the west sliding block (6) and the solar cell (13) fixed on the heat dissipation plate (14) translate towards the south or the north; the west end of the east-west screw (8) is coupled with the shaft of the east-west control motor (7) and can rotate together with the shaft of the east-west control motor (7); the east-west control motor (7) is fixed on the west side plate (19) of the module; the east end of the east-west screw (8) is arranged in an east-west screw hole arranged on the east-west side plate (20) of the module, and can only freely rotate in the east-west screw hole of the east-west side plate (20) of the module; the part of the middle section of the east-west screw (8) in the west direction is arranged in the southwest sliding block (9), and the southwest sliding block (9) can freely slide or move along the east-west screw (8) to the east or west; the middle section of the east-west screw (8) is screwed in the east-south slide block (15), and when the east-west screw (8) rotates, the east-south slide block (15) screwed on the east-west screw can be driven to translate to the east or the west; the west end of the east-west slide rail (3) is fixed on the west side plate (19) of the module; the east end of the east-west slide rail (3) is fixed on the east side plate (20) of the module; the part of the middle section of the east-west sliding rail (3) which is slightly west is arranged in the northwest sliding block (4), and the northwest sliding block (4) can freely slide to the east or the west along the east-west sliding rail (3); the part of the middle section of the east-west slide rail (3) which is east-off is arranged in the northeast slide block (18), and the northeast slide block (18) can freely slide to the east or the west along the east-west slide rail (3); the shaft of the east-west control motor (7) rotates clockwise or anticlockwise, so that the east-west screw (8) connected with the shaft can rotate together, the east-south sliding block (15) screwed with the east-west screw (8) is driven to translate east or west along the east-west screw (8), meanwhile, the south-north sliding rail (16) on the east-south sliding block (15), the east sliding block (17) on the south-north sliding rail (16) and the heat dissipation plate (14) are driven to translate east or west, and the solar cell (13) fixed on the heat dissipation plate (14) also translates east or west.

7. The automatic tracking focal point type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the computer of the control tracking system receives the standard time of the time service system to calibrate the time of the computer, and then calculates the position of the sunlight concentration focal point at the next moment according to the original position, date, lens and module parameters, installation direction angle and geographical position of the two sunlight concentration focal points manually measured at a certain time interval, and when the moment arrives, the control tracking system can send an operation instruction to the control motor controller and the control motor driver through the computer network to reach the control motor, and the instruction control motor drives the solar cell connected with the control motor to move to the position of the sunlight focal point at the next moment.

8. The automatic tracking focus solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system of claim 7 wherein the control motor controller is a controller with a storage and calculation unit, capable of storing a series of motion commands sent from a computer in the controller, sending a control motor operation signal according to time, and capable of operating independently after the computer network is interrupted.

9. The auto-tracking focus solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system as claimed in claim 7, wherein said time service system is a standard time generated and maintained by an atomic clock, and sends time signals to users through various means and media, such as one or more of short wave, long wave, telephone network, internet, satellite, laser, infrared ray, and radio.

10. The system according to claim 7, wherein the computer is a machine for processing data according to a series of instructions, and can be one or a mixture of a computer and a single-chip microcomputer.

11. The auto-tracking focus-type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system of claim 7 wherein a computer can simultaneously calculate the apparent solar movement trajectories of a plurality of modules via a network, and simultaneously instruct a plurality of control motors distributed at different locations to operate.

12. The automatic tracking focus type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising a cooling heat generating system, wherein the cooling heat generating system comprises another heat-resistant hose, a transparent cover plate, a sealing member, a heat conducting medium, a pipe joint, a heat-resistant hose, a heat radiating pump, a heat radiator, a heat reservoir and a heat storage medium, and the solar cell sheet (13) is fixed on the heat radiating plate (14); a transparent cover plate (302) covers the upper part of the solar cell (13); the edges of the heat dissipation plate (14) and the transparent cover plate (302) are sealed by a sealing element (303) to form a hollow cavity, and all the solar cells (13) are positioned in the cavity; the cavity is filled with a heat-conducting medium (304), and the solar cell (13) is directly soaked in the heat-conducting medium (304); the cavity is connected with a heat-resistant hose (306), a heat-radiating pump (307) and a radiator (308) through a pipe joint (305), and the other end of the radiator (308) is connected back to the other pipe joint of the cavity through another heat-resistant hose (301) to form a loop; the cavity, the heat-resisting hose, the heat dissipation pump (307) and the radiator (308) form a whole closed space, and the heat conduction medium (304) is filled in the whole closed space; the heat dissipation pump (307) drives the heat-conducting medium to circularly flow in the whole closed space, and the heat energy generated by the solar cell (13) is carried to the heat dissipater (308) and transferred to the heat storage medium (310) in the heat reservoir (309).

13. The automatic tracking focus solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein when the control motor is a stepping motor, the north-south screw in the module points to the north and south, and the elevation angle is equal to the geographic latitude of the module, the operation track of the stepping motor (206) is calculated as follows:

wherein,

showing the step pitch angle value of the east-west stepping motor when the converged light spot falls on the solar cell at the time T;

；

wherein:

；

in the formula:

the step pitch angle value of the stepping motor at the T moment is obtained;

solar declination angle;

the spring minute point step pitch angle value;

14. The automatic tracking focus type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein when the control motor is a stepping motor, the position of the focus of the concentrated light spot on the solar cell at 12 noon in the local part of spring minutes is taken as the origin, and the vertical distance from the focus point of the T-sunshine collection at the next moment to the origin in the east-west direction is:

in the formula

in the formula:

the vertical distance from the sunlight focal point to the north-south direction of the origin;

is the focal length of the lens; n is the number of days in the year; the stepping motor is triggered at the next moment T to enable the solar cell to move southward to a vertical distance of the main focus

In the position of (a).

15. The automatic tracking focal point type solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 12, wherein the heat conducting medium is a liquid transparent non-conducting heat conducting medium, and may be one or more of pure water, heat conducting oil, molten salt, and heat dissipating liquid.

16. The auto-tracking focal-point solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation system of claim 12, further comprising an auto-cleaning system, wherein the auto-cleaning system is composed of a wiper, a shower head, a wiper pump, and an auto-switch; the wiper (501) and the spray header (502) are arranged on the module panel (2); a water pipe of the spray header (502) is connected with the wiper pump (503); the rechargeable battery (506) is connected with the automatic switch (504) through a lead (505), and the automatic switch (504) is connected with the wiper blade (501) and the wiper pump (503) through the lead (505).