CN102930122B - Motor vehicle collision accident simulation method - Google Patents
Motor vehicle collision accident simulation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102930122B CN102930122B CN201210484545.5A CN201210484545A CN102930122B CN 102930122 B CN102930122 B CN 102930122B CN 201210484545 A CN201210484545 A CN 201210484545A CN 102930122 B CN102930122 B CN 102930122B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of motor vehicle collision accident simulation, and relates to a motor vehicle collision accident simulation method, which comprises the steps of firstly setting motor vehicle collision parameters and inputting the parameters into a constructed computer simulation system, automatically calculating the motor vehicle collision parameters by the computer simulation system, and judging and analyzing the collision parameters; then calculating the stress condition, and judging whether elastic-plastic collision or rigid collision occurs; then calculating collision energy, activating a sound trigger, and turning off the motor vehicle brake or collision sound after generating the collision sound; finally, recording collision cache data, outputting and displaying a collision energy file, a screenshot file and a parameter file, and ending the collision process; the method has the advantages of simple process, reliable design principle, real simulation scene, contribution to analysis and judgment, and wide application in occasions such as teaching, scientific research and accident analysis.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to motor vehicle collision accident simulation technical field, relate to a kind of technological process, particularly a kind of motor vehicle collision accident simulation method that realize emulation property analog machine motor-car collision accident in the process of moving in computer systems, which.
Background technology:
In the illustrative form of expression of existing analysis motor vehicle accident, there is not yet the achievement report at analog machine motor-car collision accident scene true to nature, particularly when teaching, scientific research and the analysis of public transport collision accident are talked, lack a kind of collision of motor-driven vehicles in-site modeling form of good simulation, analyst for different demand judges the collision of motor-driven vehicles field condition of different situation, as accident appraiser can use the method analysis to judge the situation of the scene of a traffic accident, accident responsibility is judged; Teacher also usually needs this analogue technique to set forth the principle of collision, the process of collision to student in teaching process, and the consequence etc. of collision; For scientific research personnel, also can use this technology, the speed of setting collision, makes motor vehicle collide, the failure mode of analytical engine motor-car, and the change etc. of collision energy, to help to evaluate the version of existing automobile or to develop new automobile product etc.Automobile collision procedure under particularly utilizing computer system automatic simulation to simulate a kind of particular scene situation, with realize also there is not yet use to the analysis of accident and the automated system method of judgement or other modes open, so designing a kind of method utilizing computer system to realize the collision of analog simulation motor vehicle scene has using value very much.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to the shortcoming overcoming prior art existence, seek to design a kind of method that system utilizing computing machine and display device thereof to form realizes simulated automotive collision, be applied in emulation Traffic Collision crash analysis teaching, scientific research and judgement occasion.
To achieve these goals, processing step of the present invention comprises:
(1), first build computer simulation system, then the collision of motor-driven vehicles parameter treating simulated field is set, and by these parameters input computer simulation systems, after selecting crash type also to confirm, start-up simulation machine simulation system;
(2), computer simulation system robot brain motor-car collision parameter, and discriminatory analysis is carried out to collision parameter;
(3), first judge whether to collide, if the determination result is YES, then turn to step (4); If judged result is no, then turn to step (1);
(4), computer simulation system automatically calculates and determines the position coordinates of collider motor-car, and carrying out analytical calculation according to vehicle position coordinate parameters;
(5), computer simulation system calculates collider motor-car relative distance automatically in real time;
(6), judge whether to trigger brake command, if the determination result is YES, then turn to step (7); If judged result is no, then turn to step (8);
(7), perform automobile brake module, activate sound trigger, produce brake sound;
(8), judge whether to collide, if the determination result is YES, then turn to step (9); If judged result is no, then then judges whether motor vehicle speed is zero, if the determination result is YES, then turn to step (10), if be judged as NO, then turn to the automobile braking order in step (6);
(9), first calculate stressing conditions, judge whether elastic-plastic impact or rigid collision occur; Calculate collision energy again; Then activate sound trigger, produce collision sound;
(10) automobile braking or collision sound, is first closed; Record collision is data cached again, exports collision energy file, sectional drawing file and Parameter File;
(11) collision energy file, sectional drawing file and Parameter File, after Graphics Processing, collision process terminates.
The collision of motor-driven vehicles parameter that the present invention relates to comprises motor vehicle quality, travelling speed, friction factor, elasticity coefficient, maximum grip coefficient and braking deceleration.
The structure computer simulation system that the present invention relates to comprises following content and process:
1st step: build computer simulation system framework and partition functionality district; Collision of motor-driven vehicles occurs under multiple transport environmental condition, and collision is divided into various ways, builds computer simulation system framework and carries out function zoning, to simulate multiple collision of motor-driven vehicles;
2nd step: design configuration user interface, reflects the process of collision of motor-driven vehicles realistically from visual angle; When design configuration user interface, parameterized graphics user interface be carried out, design that collision process graphical user interface, weather arrange graphical user interface and car category present graphical user interface; Function zoning will be carried out for each graphical user interface, nested and switched design is carried out between each graphical user interface, use button, text box, combo box, draw runner and radio box to carry out control design case, and carry out screen text logo design and figure ground design;
3rd step: build graphical user interface module, the structure of graphical user interface module can realize interface control and man-machine interaction, comprise button combined operation design, information association input, the conversion of numerical quantities and amount of text, camera switching and associated program module to build, wherein, button combined operation design refers to the ejection realizing action button, the control of hiding and converting; Funtcional relationship between information association input refers to according to each parameter, realize the co-variation between input data, mouse collision detection and click event are built to button, control between figure user interface, play up between interface, graphical user interface interface and the switching of playing up between interface;
4th step: set up motor vehicle 3D model and traffic environment 3D model, traffic environment 3D model comprises road, means of transportation, greenbelt, buildings, pedestrian and sky; According to the scene that accident occurs, traffic environment 3D model first uses drafting method to draw X-Y scheme, then uses three dimensional tool that X-Y scheme is converted into three-dimensional scenic, or direct drawing three-dimensional figure, and then generates three-dimensional scenic; Three-dimensional traffic environmental model is set up in 3ds max; Two-dimentional motor vehicle graphic is first drawn in the foundation of motor vehicle 3D model, then uses three dimensional tool that X-Y scheme is converted into 3 dimensional drawing, or direct drawing three-dimensional figure, and then generates three-dimensional maneuver vehicle model;
5th step: the process carrying out motor vehicle 3D model and traffic environment 3D model, comprises the optimization of model, the derivation importing of model, model material arranges and model size position adjusts, the optimization of model refers to the precision of adjustment model, high-precision model can presentation model effect more truly, larger resource can be taken, want Optimized model precision, presentation model authenticity with obtain between calculating and rendering speed balanced, by reducing model face number, utilizing pinup picture show details and delete invisible to realize, model is needed to derive rear use when utilizing other engine to set up three-dimensional model, when running into following situations, department pattern needs to derive separately and import: (such as wheel when department pattern needs to set up independent animation, bearing circle etc.), if set up elastic-plastic impact model, department pattern has identical deformation effect, or limit by computer calculate speed, when having face number restriction when setting up elastic-plastic impact model, in order to the authenticity of presentation model, model material and kinematic matrix are adjusted, comprise model autoluminescence, diffuse reflection, Gao Guang, pinup picture effect, the adjustment of relative position and size,
6th step: set up motor vehicle elastic-plastic impact model, when setting up elastic-plastic impact model to model, because automotive parts model has identical deformation effect, or due to computing velocity require need Controlling model face number, model to be merotomized derivation, set up elastic-plastic impact model respectively; Use order physical engine to set up the deformable metal pattern of three-dimensional body, real surface reveals the naturally broken effect with caving in after collision of motor-driven vehicles; When setting up motor vehicle elastic-plastic impact model, automotive parts model need process as a whole, share one and put up figure, therefore, launches UV coordinate, render UV X-Y scheme, make the pinup picture of needs in Photoshop in 3ds max during modeling to model;
7th step: set up motor vehicle Rigid Body Collision model, utilizes rigid body fragmentation to set up simulated crash effect, or utilizes the texture mapping and particIe system realization with crushing effect;
8th step: set up traffic environment collision model, to the buildings in traffic environment and the earth stationary body, sets up Rigid Body Collision model;
9th step: build weather system, comprises time controling, rainfall and snowfall control, thunder and lightning and controls; In the traffic environment played up, build weather system, and controlled by graphical user interface, carry out the setting of weather effect, form traffic environment true to nature;
10th step: design vehicle and pedestrian movement, the animation in traffic environment comprises roadside pedestrian's animation and other vehicles travel animation, and pedestrian and automobile are moved according to default frame;
11st step: build visual angle and select module, observe automobile collision procedure from different perspectives, build visual angle and select module, during the selection module construction of visual angle, uses camera kinematic matrix, arranges the visual angle with motor vehicle geo-stationary, comprise the first visual angle and follow visual angle; Observation visual angle is set by mouse roller command range, by mousebutton control angle, logical design is carried out to the switching of different camera;
12nd step: build collision of motor-driven vehicles parameter setting module, collision of motor-driven vehicles is the release of energy, collision of motor-driven vehicles parameter directly determines the consequence of colliding, the parameter of such as motor vehicle quality, speed, friction factor and elasticity coefficient to be arranged, or adopt the method for physical engine to arrange; For other parameters, as maximum grip coefficient, braking deceleration, the funtcional relationship according to parameter inherence is designed program, and utilizes finity state machine to simulate and output time value, utilize the continuity of damping simulated time, the funtcional relationship relating to time factor can both build;
13rd step: build collision of motor-driven vehicles mode, comprise head-on crash, side collision, swipe and knock into the back four kinds; By initialization vehicle position coordinate and travel direction, motor vehicle speed and run duration are set, according to speed and time parameter, relative distance required before automatic calculating collision, calculate relative position coordinates, and give motor vehicle initial motion matrix, the collision process of random two motor vehicles occurred of simulation;
14th step: build brake control module, finds to be about to occur to brake when colliding, the braking effect that simulation is actual; The braking realizing motor vehicle adopts physical method, utilizes engine arrange the friction factor on motor vehicle physical model and ground or give automobile braking moment of torsion and make it brake; Or utilize funtcional relationship principle, by initial velocity, friction factor, funtcional relationship between attachment coefficient and braking deceleration, control rate size, when function relates to the time, utilizes finite state machine and damping simulation and output time value;
15th step: build vehicle module, according to required motor vehicle type, set up multiple motor vehicle type, set up collision model respectively, need to call according to simulation (emulation), each car is numbered, by the type of vehicle that the call establishment of button control assignment command is good; Vehicle show area builds screen background, or utilize three-dimensional environment to serve as a contrast or foil motor vehicle, multiple observation visual angle is set or observed bearing controls, by controlling the diffuse reflection vector of draw runner Numerical Control motor vehicle vehicle body material, or directly utilize the multiple vehicle body materials designed, control vehicle body color;
16th step: build sound logic module, comprises motor vehicle engine sound, collision sound, braking sound, background sound and environment brouhaha, builds common audio, or build 3-D audio; Engine sound frequency is controlled by motor vehicle speed size, background sound and engine sound and ambient sound carry out interlock when arranging interface and playing up changing interface to be triggered, collision sound is called out when crash response event triggers, and volume and frequency control by colliding front velocity magnitude;
17th step: build data and file output module, one of process object of analog machine motor-car collision to obtain collision energy, and the acquisition of energy size, is obtained by physical engine method, or is obtained by Kinetic Energy Calculation model; Energy comprises translational kinetic energy and rotation function two parts, adopts the text formatting being easy to read to carry out record to correlation parameter, carrying out dynamic coverage and image display, by obtaining rendering cache during demonstration, realizing output and the printing of sectional drawing file; The control module that energy datum exports utilizes finite state machine to realize, using the collision detected as incoming event, set interval to finite state machine, point interval acquiring motor vehicle kinetic energy values, is amount of text by numerical value energy conversion and carries out merging, store and exporting.
Compared with prior art, its technological process is simple in the present invention, and design concept is reliable, and simulated scenario is true, is beneficial to and analyzes and judge, be extensively adapted to the occasions such as teaching, scientific research and crash analysis.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is main process process flow structural principle schematic block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that computer simulation system of the present invention builds structural principle exemplary flow block diagram.
Fig. 3 is the graphical user interface interface function design diagram that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 4 is that schematic diagram set up by the traffic environment model that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 5 is that the data outputting module that the present invention relates to builds schematic diagram.
Embodiment:
Also be described further by reference to the accompanying drawings below by embodiment.
Embodiment:
The processing step of the present embodiment comprises:
(1), first build computer simulation system, then the collision of motor-driven vehicles parameter treating simulated field is set, and by these parameters input computer simulation systems, after selecting crash type also to confirm, start-up simulation machine simulation system;
(2), computer simulation system robot brain motor-car collision parameter, and discriminatory analysis is carried out to collision parameter;
(3), first judge whether to collide, if the determination result is YES, then turn to step (4); If judged result is no, then turn to step (1);
(4), computer simulation system automatically calculates and determines the position coordinates of collider motor-car, and carrying out analytical calculation according to vehicle position coordinate parameters;
(5), computer simulation system calculates collider motor-car relative distance automatically in real time;
(6), judge whether to trigger brake command, if the determination result is YES, then turn to step (7); If judged result is no, then turn to step (8);
(7), perform automobile brake module, activate sound trigger, produce brake sound;
(8), judge whether to collide, if the determination result is YES, then turn to step (9); If judged result is no, then then judges whether motor vehicle speed is zero, if the determination result is YES, then turn to step (10), if be judged as NO, then turn to the automobile braking order in step (6);
(9), first calculate stressing conditions, judge whether elastic-plastic impact or rigid collision occur; Calculate collision energy again; Then activate sound trigger, produce collision sound;
(10) automobile braking or collision sound, is first closed; Record collision is data cached again, exports collision energy file, sectional drawing file and Parameter File;
(11) collision energy file, sectional drawing file and Parameter File, after Graphics Processing, collision process terminates.
The collision of motor-driven vehicles parameter that the present embodiment relates to comprises motor vehicle quality, travelling speed, friction factor, elasticity coefficient, maximum grip coefficient and braking deceleration.
The structure computer simulation system that the present embodiment relates to comprises following content and process:
1st step: build computer simulation system framework and partition functionality district; Collision of motor-driven vehicles occurs under multiple transport environmental condition, and collision is divided into various ways, builds computer simulation system framework and carries out function zoning, to simulate multiple collision of motor-driven vehicles;
2nd step: design configuration user interface, reflects the process of collision of motor-driven vehicles realistically from visual angle; When design configuration user interface, parameterized graphics user interface be carried out, design that collision process graphical user interface, weather arrange graphical user interface and car category present graphical user interface; Function zoning will be carried out for each graphical user interface, nested and switched design is carried out between each graphical user interface, use button, text box, combo box, draw runner and radio box to carry out control design case, and carry out screen text logo design and figure ground design;
3rd step: build graphical user interface module, the structure of graphical user interface module can realize interface control and man-machine interaction, comprise button combined operation design, information association input, the conversion of numerical quantities and amount of text, camera switching and associated program module to build, wherein, button combined operation design refers to the ejection realizing action button, the control of hiding and converting; Funtcional relationship between information association input refers to according to each parameter, realize the co-variation between input data, mouse collision detection and click event are built to button, control between figure user interface, play up between interface, graphical user interface interface and the switching of playing up between interface;
4th step: set up motor vehicle 3D model and traffic environment 3D model, traffic environment 3D model comprises road, means of transportation, greenbelt, buildings, pedestrian and sky; According to the scene that accident occurs, traffic environment 3D model first uses drafting method to draw X-Y scheme, then uses three dimensional tool that X-Y scheme is converted into three-dimensional scenic, or direct drawing three-dimensional figure, and then generates three-dimensional scenic; Three-dimensional traffic environmental model is set up in 3ds max; Two-dimentional motor vehicle graphic is first drawn in the foundation of motor vehicle 3D model, then uses three dimensional tool that X-Y scheme is converted into 3 dimensional drawing, or direct drawing three-dimensional figure, and then generates three-dimensional maneuver vehicle model;
5th step: the process carrying out motor vehicle 3D model and traffic environment 3D model, comprises the optimization of model, the derivation importing of model, model material arranges and model size position adjusts, the optimization of model refers to the precision of adjustment model, high-precision model can presentation model effect more truly, larger resource can be taken, want Optimized model precision, presentation model authenticity with obtain between calculating and rendering speed balanced, by reducing model face number, utilizing pinup picture show details and delete invisible to realize, model is needed to derive rear use when utilizing other engine to set up three-dimensional model, when running into following situations, department pattern needs to derive separately and import: (such as wheel when department pattern needs to set up independent animation, bearing circle etc.), if set up elastic-plastic impact model, department pattern has identical deformation effect, or limit by computer calculate speed, when having face number restriction when setting up elastic-plastic impact model, in order to the authenticity of presentation model, model material and kinematic matrix are adjusted, comprise model autoluminescence, diffuse reflection, Gao Guang, pinup picture effect, the adjustment of relative position and size,
6th step: set up motor vehicle elastic-plastic impact model, when setting up elastic-plastic impact model to model, because automotive parts model has identical deformation effect, or due to computing velocity require need Controlling model face number, model to be merotomized derivation, set up elastic-plastic impact model respectively; Use order physical engine to set up the deformable metal pattern of three-dimensional body, real surface reveals the naturally broken effect with caving in after collision of motor-driven vehicles; When setting up motor vehicle elastic-plastic impact model, automotive parts model need process as a whole, share one and put up figure, therefore, launches UV coordinate, render UV X-Y scheme, make the pinup picture of needs in Photoshop in 3ds max during modeling to model;
7th step: set up motor vehicle Rigid Body Collision model, utilizes rigid body fragmentation to set up simulated crash effect, or utilizes the texture mapping and particIe system realization with crushing effect;
8th step: set up traffic environment collision model, to the buildings in traffic environment and the earth stationary body, sets up Rigid Body Collision model;
9th step: build weather system, comprises time controling, rainfall and snowfall control, thunder and lightning and controls; In the traffic environment played up, build weather system, and controlled by graphical user interface, carry out the setting of weather effect, form traffic environment true to nature;
10th step: design vehicle and pedestrian movement, the animation in traffic environment comprises roadside pedestrian's animation and other vehicles travel animation, and pedestrian and automobile are moved according to default frame;
11st step: build visual angle and select module, observe automobile collision procedure from different perspectives, build visual angle and select module, during the selection module construction of visual angle, uses camera kinematic matrix, arranges the visual angle with motor vehicle geo-stationary, comprise the first visual angle and follow visual angle; Observation visual angle is set by mouse roller command range, by mousebutton control angle, logical design is carried out to the switching of different camera;
12nd step: build collision of motor-driven vehicles parameter setting module, collision of motor-driven vehicles is the release of energy, collision of motor-driven vehicles parameter directly determines the consequence of colliding, the parameter of such as motor vehicle quality, speed, friction factor and elasticity coefficient to be arranged, or adopt the method for physical engine to arrange; For other parameters, as maximum grip coefficient, braking deceleration, the funtcional relationship according to parameter inherence is designed program, and utilizes finity state machine to simulate and output time value, utilize the continuity of damping simulated time, the funtcional relationship relating to time factor can both build;
13rd step: build collision of motor-driven vehicles mode, comprise head-on crash, side collision, swipe and knock into the back four kinds; By initialization vehicle position coordinate and travel direction, motor vehicle speed and run duration are set, according to speed and time parameter, relative distance required before automatic calculating collision, calculate relative position coordinates, and give motor vehicle initial motion matrix, the collision process of random two motor vehicles occurred of simulation;
14th step: build brake control module, finds to be about to occur to brake when colliding, the braking effect that simulation is actual; The braking realizing motor vehicle adopts physical method, utilizes engine arrange the friction factor on motor vehicle physical model and ground or give automobile braking moment of torsion and make it brake; Or utilize funtcional relationship principle, by initial velocity, friction factor, funtcional relationship between attachment coefficient and braking deceleration, control rate size, when function relates to the time, utilizes finite state machine and damping simulation and output time value;
15th step: build vehicle module, according to required motor vehicle type, set up multiple motor vehicle type, set up collision model respectively, need to call according to simulation (emulation), each car is numbered, by the type of vehicle that the call establishment of button control assignment command is good; Vehicle show area builds screen background, or utilize three-dimensional environment to serve as a contrast or foil motor vehicle, multiple observation visual angle is set or observed bearing controls, by controlling the diffuse reflection vector of draw runner Numerical Control motor vehicle vehicle body material, or directly utilize the multiple vehicle body materials designed, control vehicle body color;
16th step: build sound logic module, comprises motor vehicle engine sound, collision sound, braking sound, background sound and environment brouhaha, builds common audio, or build 3-D audio; Engine sound frequency is controlled by motor vehicle speed size, background sound and engine sound and ambient sound carry out interlock when arranging interface and playing up changing interface to be triggered, collision sound is called out when crash response event triggers, and volume and frequency control by colliding front velocity magnitude;
17th step: build data and file output module, one of process object of analog machine motor-car collision to obtain collision energy, and the acquisition of energy size, is obtained by physical engine method, or is obtained by Kinetic Energy Calculation model; Energy comprises translational kinetic energy and rotation function two parts, adopts the text formatting being easy to read to carry out record to correlation parameter, carrying out dynamic coverage and image display, by obtaining rendering cache during demonstration, realizing output and the printing of sectional drawing file; The control module that energy datum exports utilizes finite state machine to realize, using the collision detected as incoming event, set interval to finite state machine, point interval acquiring motor vehicle kinetic energy values, is amount of text by numerical value energy conversion and carries out merging, store and exporting.
Claims (3)
1. a motor vehicle collision accident simulation method, is characterized in that processing step comprises:
(1), first build computer simulation system, then the collision of motor-driven vehicles parameter treating simulated field is set, and by these parameters input computer simulation systems, after selecting crash type also to confirm, start-up simulation machine simulation system;
(2), computer simulation system robot brain motor-car collision parameter, and discriminatory analysis is carried out to collision parameter;
(3), first judge whether to collide, if the determination result is YES, then turn to step (4); If judged result is no, then turn to step (1);
(4), computer simulation system automatically calculates and determines the position coordinates of collider motor-car, and carrying out analytical calculation according to vehicle position coordinate parameters;
(5), computer simulation system calculates collider motor-car relative distance automatically in real time;
(6), judge whether to trigger brake command, if the determination result is YES, then turn to step (7); If judged result is no, then turn to step (8);
(7), perform automobile brake module, activate sound trigger, produce brake sound;
(8), judge whether to collide, if the determination result is YES, then turn to step (9); If judged result is no, then then judges whether motor vehicle speed is zero, if the determination result is YES, then turn to step (10), if be judged as NO, then turn to the automobile braking order in step (6);
(9), first calculate stressing conditions, judge whether elastic-plastic impact or rigid collision occur; Calculate collision energy again; Then activate sound trigger, produce collision sound;
(10) automobile braking or collision sound, is first closed; Record collision is data cached again, exports collision energy file, sectional drawing file and Parameter File;
(11) collision energy file, sectional drawing file and Parameter File, after Graphics Processing, collision process terminates.
2. motor vehicle collision accident simulation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the collision of motor-driven vehicles parameter related to comprises motor vehicle quality, travelling speed, friction factor, elasticity coefficient, maximum grip coefficient and braking deceleration.
3. motor vehicle collision accident simulation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the structure computer simulation system related to comprises following content and process:
1st step: build computer simulation system framework and partition functionality district; Collision of motor-driven vehicles occurs under multiple transport environmental condition, and collision is divided into various ways, builds computer simulation system framework and carries out function zoning, to simulate multiple collision of motor-driven vehicles;
2nd step: design configuration user interface, reflects the process of collision of motor-driven vehicles realistically from visual angle; When design configuration user interface, parameterized graphics user interface be carried out, design that collision process graphical user interface, weather arrange graphical user interface and car category present graphical user interface; Function zoning will be carried out for each graphical user interface, nested and switched design is carried out between each graphical user interface, use button, text box, combo box, draw runner and radio box to carry out control design case, and carry out screen text logo design and figure ground design;
3rd step: build graphical user interface module, the structure of graphical user interface module can realize interface control and man-machine interaction, comprise button combined operation design, information association input, the conversion of numerical quantities and amount of text, camera switching and associated program module to build, wherein, button combined operation design refers to the ejection realizing action button, the control of hiding and converting; Funtcional relationship between information association input refers to according to each parameter, realize the co-variation between input data, mouse collision detection and click event are built to button, control between figure user interface, play up between interface, graphical user interface interface and the switching of playing up between interface;
4th step: set up motor vehicle 3D model and traffic environment 3D model, traffic environment 3D model comprises road, means of transportation, greenbelt, buildings, pedestrian and sky; According to the scene that accident occurs, traffic environment 3D model first uses drafting method to draw X-Y scheme, then uses three dimensional tool that X-Y scheme is converted into three-dimensional scenic, or direct drawing three-dimensional figure, and then generates three-dimensional scenic; Three-dimensional traffic environmental model is set up in 3ds max; Two-dimentional motor vehicle graphic is first drawn in the foundation of motor vehicle 3D model, then uses three dimensional tool that X-Y scheme is converted into 3 dimensional drawing, or direct drawing three-dimensional figure, and then generates three-dimensional maneuver vehicle model;
5th step: the process carrying out motor vehicle 3D model and traffic environment 3D model, comprises the optimization of model, the derivation importing of model, model material arranges and model size position adjusts; The optimization of model refers to the precision of adjustment model, high-precision model can presentation model effect more truly, larger resource can be taken, want Optimized model precision, presentation model authenticity with obtain between calculating and rendering speed balanced, by reducing model face number, utilizing pinup picture show details and delete invisible to realize; Model is needed to derive rear use when utilizing other engine to set up three-dimensional model, when running into following situations, department pattern needs to derive separately and import: if department pattern needs to set up elastic-plastic impact model when setting up independent animation, department pattern has identical deformation effect or limits by computer calculate speed, when having face number restriction when setting up elastic-plastic impact model, in order to the authenticity of presentation model, model material and kinematic matrix are adjusted, comprises the adjustment of model autoluminescence, diffuse reflection, Gao Guang, pinup picture effect, relative position and size;
6th step: set up motor vehicle elastic-plastic impact model, when setting up elastic-plastic impact model to model, because automotive parts model has identical deformation effect, or due to computing velocity require need Controlling model face number, model to be merotomized derivation, set up elastic-plastic impact model respectively; Use order physical engine to set up the deformable metal pattern of three-dimensional body, real surface reveals the naturally broken effect with caving in after collision of motor-driven vehicles; When setting up motor vehicle elastic-plastic impact model, automotive parts model need process as a whole, share one and put up figure, therefore, launches UV coordinate, render UV X-Y scheme, make the pinup picture of needs in Photoshop in 3ds max during modeling to model;
7th step: set up motor vehicle Rigid Body Collision model, utilizes rigid body fragmentation to set up simulated crash effect, or utilizes the texture mapping and particIe system realization with crushing effect;
8th step: set up traffic environment collision model, to the buildings in traffic environment and the earth stationary body, sets up Rigid Body Collision model;
9th step: build weather system, comprises time controling, rainfall and snowfall control, thunder and lightning and controls; In the traffic environment played up, build weather system, and controlled by graphical user interface, carry out the setting of weather effect, form traffic environment true to nature;
10th step: design vehicle and pedestrian movement, the animation in traffic environment comprises roadside pedestrian's animation and other vehicles travel animation, and pedestrian and automobile are moved according to default frame;
11st step: build visual angle and select module, observe automobile collision procedure from different perspectives, during the selection module construction of visual angle, uses camera kinematic matrix, arranges the visual angle with motor vehicle geo-stationary, comprise the first visual angle and follow visual angle; Observation visual angle is set by mouse roller command range, by mousebutton control angle, logical design is carried out to the switching of different camera;
12nd step: build collision of motor-driven vehicles parameter setting module, collision of motor-driven vehicles is the release of energy, collision of motor-driven vehicles parameter directly determines the consequence of colliding, and the parameter of motor vehicle quality, speed, friction factor and elasticity coefficient be arranged, or adopts the method for physical engine to arrange; For other parameters, as maximum grip coefficient, braking deceleration, the funtcional relationship according to parameter inherence is designed program, and utilizes finity state machine to simulate and output time value, utilize the continuity of damping simulated time, the funtcional relationship relating to time factor can both build;
13rd step: build collision of motor-driven vehicles mode, comprise head-on crash, side collision, swipe and knock into the back four kinds; By initialization vehicle position coordinate and travel direction, motor vehicle speed and run duration are set, according to speed and time parameter, relative distance required before automatic calculating collision, calculate relative position coordinates, and give motor vehicle initial motion matrix, the collision process of random two motor vehicles occurred of simulation;
14th step: build brake control module, finds to be about to occur to brake when colliding, the braking effect that simulation is actual; The braking realizing motor vehicle adopts physical method, utilizes engine arrange the friction factor on motor vehicle physical model and ground or give automobile braking moment of torsion and make it brake; Or utilize funtcional relationship principle, by initial velocity, friction factor, funtcional relationship between attachment coefficient and braking deceleration, control rate size, when function relates to the time, utilizes finite state machine and damping simulation and output time value;
15th step: build vehicle module, according to required motor vehicle type, set up multiple motor vehicle type, set up collision model respectively, calls according to simulation needs, is numbered, by the type of vehicle that the call establishment of button control assignment command is good to each car; Vehicle show area builds screen background, or utilize three-dimensional environment to serve as a contrast or foil motor vehicle, multiple observation visual angle is set or observed bearing controls, by controlling the diffuse reflection vector of draw runner Numerical Control motor vehicle vehicle body material, or directly utilize the multiple vehicle body materials designed, control vehicle body color;
16th step: build sound logic module, comprises motor vehicle engine sound, collision sound, braking sound, background sound and environment brouhaha, builds common audio, or build 3-D audio; Engine sound frequency is controlled by motor vehicle speed size, background sound and engine sound and ambient sound carry out interlock when arranging interface and playing up changing interface to be triggered, collision sound is called out when crash response event triggers, and volume and frequency control by colliding front velocity magnitude;
17th step: build data and file output module, one of process object of analog machine motor-car collision to obtain collision energy, and the acquisition of energy size, is obtained by physical engine method, or is obtained by Kinetic Energy Calculation model; Energy comprises translational kinetic energy and rotation function two parts, adopts the text formatting being easy to read to carry out record to correlation parameter, carrying out dynamic coverage and image display, by obtaining rendering cache during demonstration, realizing output and the printing of sectional drawing file; The control module that energy datum exports utilizes finite state machine to realize, using the collision detected as incoming event, set interval to finite state machine, point interval acquiring motor vehicle kinetic energy values, is amount of text by numerical value energy conversion and carries out merging, store and exporting.
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