CN102925723A - Method for preparing particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite - Google Patents
Method for preparing particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN102925723A CN102925723A CN201210413996XA CN201210413996A CN102925723A CN 102925723 A CN102925723 A CN 102925723A CN 201210413996X A CN201210413996X A CN 201210413996XA CN 201210413996 A CN201210413996 A CN 201210413996A CN 102925723 A CN102925723 A CN 102925723A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) performing heat preservation on ceramic particles in a drying oven at 60 DEG C for 8-12 hours; (2) performing thinning, modification and refinement treatments on an aluminum melt; and (3) extracting the treated ceramic particles from the drying oven, wrapping the ceramic particles with an aluminum foil, pressing the wrapped ceramic particles into the aluminum alloy melt in a vacuum stirring and casting device by using a tool when the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt is 20-40 DEG C more than a solidus temperature, vacuumizing, starting the stirring process after the vacuum degree is less than 1pa, wherein the positive and negative rotation stirring process is carried out for 30-60 minutes. According to the method for preparing the particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite, a special vacuum stirring and casting device is adopted to solve the problems of poor wetting properties and uneven distribution of reinforcement bodies and matrix melts, so that the volume fraction of the prepared particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite can be up to 60%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the manufacture technology of composite material field, relate more specifically to a kind of method for the preparation of the particle aluminum matrix composite.
Background technology
Particles reiforced metal-base composition has that high specific strength, specific modulus, heat-conductivity conducting performance are better than common alloy, thermal expansivity is little, good stability of the dimension, good high-temperature behavior, wear resistance is good, good fatigue property and fracture toughness property, the characteristics nonhygroscopic, not aging, that resistance to air loss is good.Particularly the starting material source is abundant, cheap for manufacturing cost, accepted by market easily, and be the most potential novel texture and functional materials.Can be widely used in the fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, instrument, electronic information.For example, the linear expansivity of enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles is close to the coefficient of expansion of glass, its thermal conductivity is 30 times of titanium alloy, and its density is about 2/3 of titanium alloy, therefore has special advantage in Electronic Packaging and Aeronautics and Astronautics key components and parts.The particulate reinforced composite preparation method mainly adopts powder metallurgic method, spray deposition, stirring casting method, squeeze casting method etc., but a lot of methods all can't realize batch production, wherein stirring casting method is more easily realized large-scale production, so this method has wide market outlook.But when using traditional stirring means to prepare matrix material, it is low weight to strengthen body particle proportion, be suspended in easily the metal melt upper surface, can't be wetting and distribute preferably with matrix, it is lower that this just causes strengthening the volume fraction of body in metallic matrix, generally be about 1%-3%, and cause the waste of a large amount of enhancing bodies, for this situation, developed the method that the custom-designed vacuum stirring casting device of a kind of usefulness prepares particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, the method can prepare the high energy of volume fraction and reach 60% particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of method for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, the method adopts custom-designed vacuum stirring casting device, to solve in traditional stirring casting problems such as strengthening wetting poor, the skewness of body and matrix liquation, vacuum stirring casting device for the preparation of particles reiforced metal-base composition provided by the invention, can effectively solve the aluminium alloy melt problem poor with strengthening body ceramic particle wettability, adopt method of the present invention can prepare easily the matrix material of different volumes mark.
The method for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material of the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of method for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, it may further comprise the steps:
(1) with ceramic particle in loft drier 60 ℃ the insulation 8-12 hour;
(2) aluminium alloy melt is carried out refinement, rotten and refining treatment
(3) from loft drier, take out the ceramic particle handle well with the aluminium foil parcel after, on the aluminium alloy melt temperature is in its solidus temperature 20-40 ℃ the time, be pressed in the aluminium alloy melt in the vacuum stirring casting device with instrument, then vacuumize; After vacuum tightness is less than 1 handkerchief, begin to carry out whipping process, the rotating whipping process continues 30-60 minute;
The main body of described vacuum stirring casting device is the heating under vacuum rabbling roaster, body of heater (7) is fixed on the support (11), body of heater (7) is connected by connection rotating shaft (6) with bell (5), and pass through locking mechanism (20) with bell (5) and body of heater (7) locking, at bell (5) the bottom adhesive rubber sealing-ring (18) of body of heater (7) with the place, joint portion of bell (5), the skin of bell (5) and body of heater (7) is water jacket (14), warter connection (4) and body of heater cooling water connector (12) are installed in respectively on bell (5) and the body of heater (7), and water coolant can be full of water jacket (14) by warter connection (4) and body of heater cooling water connector (12); Supporting and location bar (2) vertically is installed in the top of bell (5), height adjustment mechanism (23) is enclosed within on the supporting and location bar (2), and can move up and down, motor (1) is installed in the middle part of height adjustment mechanism (23) upper surface, the output shaft of motor (1) passes straight down height adjustment mechanism (23) and is connected with an end of union lever (24), union lever (24) passes bell (5) and enters body of heater (7) inside, seal by tightness system (3) between union lever (24) and the bell (5), and the other end of union lever (24) is connected with agitating vane (15), agitating vane (15) is arranged in the inner crucible (8) of body of heater (7), by adjusting height adjustment mechanism (23) at supporting and location bar (2) thus on height regulate the height location of agitating vane (15) in crucible (8); Nichrome wire (9) is wrapped in the periphery of crucible (8), the two ends of nichrome wire (9) link to each other with electrode connection bracket (17) one ends, electrode connection bracket (17) is kept certain height crucible (8) by nichrome wire (9) in body of heater (7) inside, the other end that electrode connection bracket (17) passes body of heater is connected with electrode (16), electrode (16) is connected with power supply, upset pull bar (19) also is connected with the other end that electrode connection bracket (17) passes body of heater, rotates upset pull bar (19) and can drive the different angle of crucible (8) inclination by electrode connection bracket (17).
Preferably, the described ceramic particle of step (1) is Al
2O
3, SiC etc.
Preferably, the described aluminium alloy of step (2) is ZL101, ZL102, ZL114 etc.
Preferably, the concrete technology parameter of the described refinement of step (2) is: fining agent is selected the Al-5Ti-1B alloy, and adding temperature is 720 ℃, and add-on is 4% of aluminium alloy melt weight.
Preferably, the described rotten concrete technology parameter of step (2) is: alterant is selected the Al-10Sr alloy, and the add-on of Sr is 0.02% of aluminium alloy melt weight, and adding temperature is 740 ℃.
Preferably, the concrete technology parameter of the described refining of step (2) is: scouring agent is selected 25wt%Na
2SiF
6+ 75wt%C
2Cl
6, add-on is 0.6% of aluminium alloy melt weight, adding temperature is 760 ℃.
The volume proportion of ceramic particle and aluminium alloy can dispose according to actual needs, is up to 60%.
In order better to seal body of heater 7 and bell 5, can guarantee in body of heater 7, to keep the vacuum tightness of certain numerical value, preferably the thickness of described rubber seal 18 is about 6mm.
In addition, as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to observe melting and the casting process in the stove, at bell 5 glass window mouth 22 is set, opens or closes glass window mouth 22 by rotating rotating nut 21.
After motor 1 energising, drive agitating vane 15 in crucible 8 interior runnings by union lever 24, adjust the height of height adjustment mechanism 23 on supporting and location bar 2, can realize that agitating vane 15 is in the stirring of crucible 8 interior different positionss to liquation on the one hand, after the vacuum stirring casting finishes, adjust upward height adjustment mechanism 23 on the other hand, rotating paddle 15 can be adjusted to the height of energy smooth opening bell 5, so both realize vacuum stirring, and can not damage crucible 8 again.
The homogeneous microstructure of prepared particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, ceramic particle be without the segregation phenomenon, the tiny densification of matrix, pore-free.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the vacuum stirring device synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is this vacuum stirring device bell vertical view;
Fig. 3 is that this vacuum stirring device bell AA is to sectional view.
Among Fig. 1: 1 is motor, and 2 is the supporting and location bar, and 3 is tightness system, 4 is warter connection, and 5 is bell, and 6 is connection rotating shaft, 7 is body of heater, and 8 is crucible, and 9 is nichrome wire, 10 for connecting the pipeline of vacuum apparatus, and 11 is furnace body support, and 12 is the body of heater cooling water connector, 13 is the square metal type, 14 is water jacket, and 15 is agitating vane, and 16 for connecting the electrode of power supply and water coolant, 17 is the electrode connection bracket, 18 is rubber seal, and 19 are the upset pull bar, and 20 is locking mechanism, 21 is rotating nut, 22 is the glass window mouth, and 23 is height adjustment mechanism, and 24 is union lever.
Embodiment
With reference now to accompanying drawing, specific embodiments of the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of method for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, it may further comprise the steps:
(1) with ceramic particle Al for example
2O
3Or SiC in loft drier 60 ℃ the insulation 8-12 hour;
(2) for example ZL101, ZL102 or ZL114 melt carry out refinement (fining agent are selected the Al-5Ti-1B alloy to aluminium alloy, adding temperature is 720 ℃, add-on be aluminium alloy melt weight 4%), it is rotten that (alterant is selected the Al-10Sr alloy, the add-on of Sr is 0.02% of aluminium alloy melt weight, and adding temperature is 740 ℃) and refining treatment (scouring agent is selected 25wt%Na
2SiF
6+ 75wt%C
2Cl
6, add-on is 0.6% of aluminium alloy melt weight, adding temperature is 760 ℃);
(3) after the ceramic particle that taking-up is handled well from loft drier wraps up with aluminium foil, on the aluminium alloy melt temperature is in its solidus temperature 20-40 ℃ the time, be pressed in the aluminium alloy melt in the vacuum stirring casting device with instrument, then vacuumize, the volume proportion of ceramic particle and aluminium alloy can dispose according to actual needs, is up to 60%; After vacuum tightness is less than 1 handkerchief, begin to carry out whipping process, the rotating whipping process continues 30-60 minute;
The main body of described vacuum stirring casting device is the heating under vacuum rabbling roaster, body of heater (7) is fixed on the support (11), body of heater (7) is connected by connection rotating shaft (6) with bell (5), and pass through locking mechanism (20) with bell (5) and body of heater (7) locking, at bell (5) the bottom adhesive rubber sealing-ring (18) of body of heater (7) with the place, joint portion of bell (5), the skin of bell (5) and body of heater (7) is water jacket (14), warter connection (4) and body of heater cooling water connector (12) are installed in respectively on bell (5) and the body of heater (7), and water coolant can be full of water jacket (14) by warter connection (4) and body of heater cooling water connector (12); Supporting and location bar (2) vertically is installed in the top of bell (5), height adjustment mechanism (23) is enclosed within on the supporting and location bar (2), and can move up and down, motor (1) is installed in the middle part of height adjustment mechanism (23) upper surface, the output shaft of motor (1) passes straight down height adjustment mechanism (23) and is connected with an end of union lever (24), union lever (24) passes bell (5) and enters body of heater (7) inside, seal by tightness system (3) between union lever (24) and the bell (5), and the other end of union lever (24) is connected with agitating vane (15), agitating vane (15) is arranged in the inner crucible (8) of body of heater (7), by adjusting height adjustment mechanism (23) at supporting and location bar (2) thus on height regulate the height location of agitating vane (15) in crucible (8); Nichrome wire (9) is wrapped in the periphery of crucible (8), the two ends of nichrome wire (9) link to each other with electrode connection bracket (17) one ends, electrode connection bracket (17) is kept certain height crucible (8) by nichrome wire (9) in body of heater (7) inside, the other end that electrode connection bracket (17) passes body of heater is connected with electrode (16), electrode (16) is connected with power supply, upset pull bar (19) also is connected with the other end that electrode connection bracket (17) passes body of heater, rotates upset pull bar (19) and can drive the different angle of crucible (8) inclination by electrode connection bracket (17).The thickness of described rubber seal 18 is about 6mm.In order to observe melting and the casting process in the stove, at bell 5 the glass window mouth is set, open or close glass window mouth 22 by rotating rotating nut 21.
As shown in Figure 1, adjust height adjustment mechanism 23, thereby driving union lever 24 and agitating vane 15 moves, agitating vane 15 can rise to certain altitude after making closing lid in crucible 8, after the melting raw material put into crucible 8, closing lid locking, by vacuumizing in the 10 pairs of bodies of heater of pipeline that are connected with vacuum apparatus, after vacuum tightness reaches the numerical value that sets, connect water-cooled tube, start power supply crucible 8 interior melting raw materials are added hot smelting, relation by temperature rise rate and the melting raw material fusing point of nichrome wire 9, can calculate raw material and melt the needed time, after the time reaches, adjust height adjustment mechanism 23, agitating vane 15 is moved to the measured distance of prior survey to the bottom of crucible 8, start motor 1 and drive agitating vane 15 rotations, molten metal matrix and enhancing body are stirred, stirring velocity is by the rotating speed control of regulating electric machine 1, in the process that stirs, rotating nut 21 is opened glass window mouth 22, whipping process in the vacuum oven is observed, treat the vacuum stirring end of processing, use vacuum apparatus to reduce the interior vacuum tightness of stove to certain numerical value, stir upset pull bar 19, electrode connection bracket 17 can drive crucible 8 inclination certain angles, the matrix material of crucible 8 interior preparations is poured in the square metal type 13, and under the state of vacuum, cool off, thereby prepare the aluminum matrix composite of volume required mark.
The homogeneous microstructure of prepared particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, ceramic particle be without the segregation phenomenon, the tiny densification of matrix, pore-free.
Claims (8)
1. method for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, it may further comprise the steps:
(1) with ceramic particle in loft drier 60 ℃ the insulation 8-12 hour;
(2) aluminium alloy melt is carried out refinement, rotten and refining treatment;
(3) from loft drier, take out the ceramic particle handle well with the aluminium foil parcel after, on the aluminium alloy melt temperature is in its solidus temperature 20-40 ℃ the time, be pressed in the aluminium alloy melt in the vacuum stirring casting device with instrument, then vacuumize; After vacuum tightness is less than 1 handkerchief, begin to carry out whipping process, the rotating whipping process continues 30-60 minute;
The main body of described vacuum stirring casting device is the heating under vacuum rabbling roaster, body of heater (7) is fixed on the support (11), body of heater (7) is connected by connection rotating shaft (6) with bell (5), and pass through locking mechanism (20) with bell (5) and body of heater (7) locking, at bell (5) the bottom adhesive rubber sealing-ring (18) of body of heater (7) with the place, joint portion of bell (5), the skin of bell (5) and body of heater (7) is water jacket (14), warter connection (4) and body of heater cooling water connector (12) are installed in respectively on bell (5) and the body of heater (7), and water coolant can be full of water jacket (14) by warter connection (4) and body of heater cooling water connector (12); Supporting and location bar (2) vertically is installed in the top of bell (5), height adjustment mechanism (23) is enclosed within on the supporting and location bar (2), and can move up and down, motor (1) is installed in the middle part of height adjustment mechanism (23) upper surface, the output shaft of motor (1) passes straight down height adjustment mechanism (23) and is connected with an end of union lever (24), union lever (24) passes bell (5) and enters body of heater (7) inside, seal by tightness system (3) between union lever (24) and the bell (5), and the other end of union lever (24) is connected with agitating vane (15), agitating vane (15) is arranged in the inner crucible (8) of body of heater (7), by adjusting height adjustment mechanism (23) at supporting and location bar (2) thus on height regulate the height location of agitating vane (15) in crucible (8); Nichrome wire (9) is wrapped in the periphery of crucible (8), the two ends of nichrome wire (9) link to each other with electrode connection bracket (17) one ends, electrode connection bracket (17) is kept certain height crucible (8) by nichrome wire (9) in body of heater (7) inside, the other end that electrode connection bracket (17) passes body of heater is connected with electrode (16), electrode (16) is connected with power supply, upset pull bar (19) also is connected with the other end that electrode connection bracket (17) passes body of heater, rotates upset pull bar (19) and can drive the different angle of crucible (8) inclination by electrode connection bracket (17).
2. the method for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the described ceramic particle of step (1) is Al
2O
3Or SiC.
3. the method for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the described aluminium alloy of step (2) is ZL101, ZL102 or ZL114.
4. the method for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the concrete technology parameter of the described refinement of step (2) is: fining agent is selected the Al-5Ti-1B alloy, and adding temperature is 720 ℃, and add-on is 4% of aluminium alloy melt weight.
5. the method for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the described rotten concrete technology parameter of step (2) is: alterant is selected the Al-10Sr alloy, the add-on of Sr is 0.02% of aluminium alloy melt weight, and adding temperature is 740 ℃.
6. the method for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the concrete technology parameter of the described refining of step (2) is: scouring agent is selected 25wt%Na
2SiF
6+ 75wt%C
2Cl
6, add-on is 0.6% of aluminium alloy melt weight, adding temperature is 760 ℃.
7. the method for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, the thickness of wherein said rubber seal (18) is about 6mm.
8. the method for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1 arranges glass window mouth (22) at bell (5), opens or closes glass window mouth (22) by rotating rotating nut (21).
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2639088C1 (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2017-12-19 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" | Composite material based on aluminium boron carbide-reinforced alloy and method of its production |
| CN111519060A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-11 | 山东大学 | Device and method for preparing carbon-reinforced aluminum-based composite material |
| CN114427044A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-05-03 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation device and method for high-toughness cast aluminum-based composite material |
| CN117862431A (en) * | 2024-03-13 | 2024-04-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Online vacuum mechanical stirring pressure-regulating extrusion die casting equipment |
| CN117965944A (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-05-03 | 兰州工业学院 | SiC particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111519060A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-11 | 山东大学 | Device and method for preparing carbon-reinforced aluminum-based composite material |
| CN114427044A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-05-03 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation device and method for high-toughness cast aluminum-based composite material |
| CN114427044B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2024-05-31 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation device and method of high-strength and high-toughness cast aluminum-based composite material |
| CN117965944A (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-05-03 | 兰州工业学院 | SiC particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN117965944B (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-07-05 | 兰州工业学院 | Preparation method of SiC particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
| CN117862431A (en) * | 2024-03-13 | 2024-04-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Online vacuum mechanical stirring pressure-regulating extrusion die casting equipment |
| CN117862431B (en) * | 2024-03-13 | 2024-05-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Online vacuum mechanical stirring pressure-regulating extrusion die casting equipment |
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