CN102892975A - Drilling apparatus with shutter - Google Patents
Drilling apparatus with shutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN102892975A CN102892975A CN2010800667903A CN201080066790A CN102892975A CN 102892975 A CN102892975 A CN 102892975A CN 2010800667903 A CN2010800667903 A CN 2010800667903A CN 201080066790 A CN201080066790 A CN 201080066790A CN 102892975 A CN102892975 A CN 102892975A
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- flashboard
- rotary cutting
- cutting part
- hole
- cutting unit
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 244
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 244000208734 Pisonia aculeata Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 electricity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/602—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/62—Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/024—Determining slope or direction of devices in the borehole
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a drilling apparatus including a cutting unit defining at least one through-hole that provides fluid communication between a distal side and a proximal side of the cutting unit. The cutting unit includes a plurality of cutting elements at the distal side of the cutting unit. The cutting unit also includes a shutter for selectively opening and blocking the through- hole of the cutting unit.
Description
The application files an application on March 15th, 2010 as the pct international patent application, wherein except only specifying for the artificial United States citizen Keith Allen of U. S. application Hoelting, Australian citizen Andis Salins and the Stuart Harrison, it all is the Vermeer Manufacturing Company of American National enterprise that this international patent application is specified national applicant for except the U.S. all.
Technical field
The present invention relates in general to non-ditching rig.More specifically, the present invention relates to keep the rig of accurate slope and circuit.
Background technology
Modern mounting technique provides community's infrastructure required underground installation service.Sewage, water, electricity, gas body and far-distance communication service be arranged on more and more underground with improve safety and visually set up pleasant more can be owing to visible facility mixed and disorderly environment.
A kind of method that is used for the installation underground installation is to excavate the open drain canal.Yet this process is consuming time and is unpractical in the zone of supporting existing building.Other method that is used for the installation underground installation relates to brill and flatly descends the hole.Yet, mutually inaccurate being not suitable for for slope and straight line of most of earth drilling operations.
PCT International Publication publication WO discloses a kind of can boring and microtunnelling system and the equipment of reaming with micro-tunneling under the accurate gradient and the line-to-ground for No. 2007/143773.Although this system has revealed significant raising with respect to the system table of most prior art, can use further enhancing to obtain better performance.
Summary of the invention
One aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of rig, and described rig comprises the cutting unit that limits at least one through hole, and described at least one through hole provides the distal side of cutting unit to be communicated with fluid between the proximal lateral.In use, the earth that is produced by cutting unit can be by the vacuum plant suction of through hole by rig.Cutting unit also comprises the control flashboard that flows.In a particular embodiment, flashboard can be blocked at through hole/the second place that closed primary importance and through hole is opened/do not stop between movement.In other embodiments, flashboard can be used for only partly stopping through hole.By part/percentage of selecting through hole to be stopped by flashboard, opening lateral cross area that can be by the customization through hole with wherein be complementary to strengthen the boring performance with the geology material type of rig.
But another aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of being suitable at the lower rig (that is, tunneling equipment) that uses of flox condition (for example, the borehole environment below groundwater table).In a particular embodiment, rig comprises the drill string with near-end and far-end.Cutting unit is installed in the far-end of drill string.Cutting unit provides power by the driving mechanism of the proximal end of drill string.Driving mechanism is suitable for being provided for making the torque of the cutting part rotation of cutting unit, and is suitable for that also thrust is applied to drill string and enters into ground to drive drill string and cutting unit at far-end.Drill string is defined for the vacuum passage of removing the earth that is produced by cutting part in the hole of being crept into.Drill string also is defined for the air duct that the possibility of air to reduce the vacuum passage obstruction is provided along boring downwards during holing.Cutting part limits the through hole that the fluid between the truncated sides (that is, distal side) that vacuum passage and cutting part are provided is communicated with.Through hole also provides the fluid between the truncated sides of air duct and cutting part to be communicated with.Cutting unit also comprises for the flashboard of open and close through hole optionally.But during the normal drilling operation under flox condition, through hole is opened, thereby: a) permission is easily aspirated and is drawn in the vacuum passage at the earth of the truncated sides generation of cutting part by through hole; And b) allow air to flow to the truncated sides of cutting part from air duct.When drilling operation stopped, that flashboard is used for is closed (that is, stop, covering etc.) through hole was with flowable mass filled vacuum passage and/or the air duct of the truncated sides that prevents cutting part.
In explanation subsequently, set forth various other aspect.Described aspect can relate to the combination of independent feature and feature.Will be appreciated that above general description and following detailed description only are exemplary and explanat, and do not limit embodiment disclosed herein based on wide in range inventive concept.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that has according to the rig of the feature of principle of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the lateral view according to the drill bit of principle of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the stereogram of the drill bit of Fig. 2, has wherein shown the truncated sides (that is, distal side) of rotary cutting part of the far-end of the cutting unit that is positioned at drill bit;
Fig. 4 is the stereogram of flashboard that shows the near-end of the cutting unit be positioned at Fig. 3, and flashboard and rotary cutting part are shown as being in the far-end that makes cutting unit and are communicated with the first relative position of opening with fluid between the near-end;
Fig. 5 is that the rotary cutting part and the flashboard that show the cutting unit of Fig. 3 are in the far-end that makes cutting unit is communicated with the second relative position of opening with the fluid between the near-end stereogram;
Fig. 6 is the forward sight exploded perspective view according to another cutting unit of principle of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the rear exploded perspective view of the cutting unit of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional view of assembling form of the cutting unit of Fig. 6;
Fig. 9 is the front elevation drawing of cutting unit on complete Channel Group direction of Fig. 6;
Figure 10 is the rear elevation that the cutting unit of Fig. 6 is in complete Unclosing structure;
Figure 11 is the front elevation drawing that the cutting unit of Fig. 6 is in part Channel Group structure;
Figure 12 is the rear elevation that the cutting unit of Fig. 6 is in part Channel Group structure;
Figure 13 is the forward sight exploded perspective view according to another cutting unit of principle of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the rear exploded perspective view of the cutting unit of Figure 13; And
Figure 15 is the cross-sectional view of assembling form of the cutting unit of Figure 13.
The specific embodiment
A. the general introduction of exemplary rig
Fig. 1 has shown the rig 20 that has according to the feature of principle of the present invention.Usually, equipment 20 comprises a plurality of tube portions 22 that link together to form drill string 24 with end-to-end relation.In the tube portion 22 each comprises the driving shaft 26 that is rotatably installed in the casing assembly 28.Drill bit 30 is installed in the far-end (that is, front end) of drill string 24, and driver element 32 is positioned at the near-end (that is, tail end or rear end) of drill string 24.Driver element 32 comprises the torque actuated device that is suitable for being applying torque to drill string 24 and is used for thrust or pull-back forces are applied to the axial driver of drill string 24.Transmit between the near-end of drill string 24 and far-end from the thrust of driver element 32 or the pull-back forces casing assembly 28 by tube portion 22.The driving shaft 26 of torque by tube portion 22 is delivered to the far-end of drill string 24 by the near-end from drill string 24, and wherein said driving shaft 26 is with respect to casing assembly 28 rotations.The torque from driver element 32 that passes through equipment 20 by driving shaft 26 finally is used for making the cutting unit 34 of drill bit 30 to rotate.
The drill bit 30 of drilling equipment 20 can comprise the drive rod 46 in the main body 38 that is rotatably installed in drill bit 30.Main body 38 can comprise the single type main body, perhaps can comprise a plurality of elements or the module that link together.The far-end of drive rod 46 is configured to transmission of torque to cutting unit 34.For example, the far-end of drive rod 46 can comprise be assemblied in cutting unit 34 torque actuated device receiver 51 (for example, the hexagon spill base (female socket) of cutting unit 34) the convex torque actuated device 49 (for example, hex drive device) in.The near-end of drive rod 46 is attached to the driving shaft 26 of distal-most end tube portion 22, so that torque is delivered to drive rod 46 from driving shaft 26.Like this, drive rod 46 usefulness act on the last supporting leg that torque is passed to cutting unit 34 from driver element 32.Casing assembly 28 passes to thrust and/or pull-back forces the main body 38 of drill bit.Drill bit 30 preferably includes bearing (for example, cod/thrust bearing and journal bearing), and described bearing allows drive rod 46 with respect to main body 38 rotations and also allows thrust or pull-back forces to be delivered to cutting unit 34 by drive rod 46 from main body 38.
In certain embodiments, rig 20 is used for forming underground hole with the accurate gradient.For example, can in the facility of the buried pipe of installing with the accurate gradient, use rig 20.In certain embodiments, rig 20 buried pipe can be used for be installed or have less than 600mm or less than the external diameter of 300mm other products.
Preferably rig 20 comprises and is suitable for keeping the hole that got out by rig 20 to be in the transfer of the accurate gradient and circuit.For example, with reference to Fig. 1, drill bit 30 comprises and turns to valve jacket 36 on the main body 38 that is installed in drill bit 30.By producing radial motion (for example, by being positioned at the piston that turns to the radial directed between valve jacket 36 and the main body 38, one or more bladder, mechanical linkage, screw actuator etc.) between valve jacket 36 and the main body 38 and realize turning to of rig 20 turning to.Further details about suitable steering is provided in No. the 61/246th, 616, the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of filing an application on September 29th, 2009, and wherein said application is incorporated into for reference at this by reference in full.
The turning to preferably and be used for guaranteeing that guidance system that drill string 24 is advanced along the accurate gradient and circuit is combined and be directed of rig 20.For example, as shown in Figure 1, guidance system comprises laser instrument 40, and the air duct 43 that the continuous axial that described laser instrument 40 guiding laser beams limit by the casing assembly 28 by tube portion 22 extends arrives the target of contiguous drill bit 30 location.Air duct extends to far-end and allows from the near-end of drill string 24 air is offered cutting unit 34.Air pressure source 45 can be used for forcing air to pass through passage 43 at far-end.
During the turning to of rig 20, the image of the position of demonstration laser beam on target that the operator can produce by monitor 54 view cameras.Based on the position of laser beam bump target, the operator can determine equipment turns to keep circuit and the gradient of the expectation of being set up by laser beam in which direction.The operator by the user interface drill string 24 is turned to so that valve jacket driver 39 changes the relative radial position that turns to valve jacket 36 and main body 38 of drill bit 30.In one embodiment, with expectation rotate the radial direction of drill string opposite in the radial direction radially steering force/load be applied to and turn to valve jacket 36.For example, if expectation upwards turns to drill string 24, then downward force can be applied to and turn to valve jacket 36, force thus main body 38 and cutting unit 34 upwards, thus along with drill string 24 forward/axially promoted drill string is upwards rotated on the distal direction.Similarly, if expectation turns to downwards, then upward force can be applied to and turn to valve jacket 36, force thus main body 38 and cutting unit 34 downward, thus along with drill string 24 forward/axially promoted that drill string 24 is turned to downwards on the distal direction.
In order to help boring, rig 20 can also comprise the fluid pump that reaches far-end be used to the near-end that forces drilling fluids from drill string 24.In a particular embodiment, drilling fluids can be pumped through and pass the central passage that driving shaft 26 limits.The central passage of passing driving shaft 26 restrictions can be communicated with a plurality of fluid delivery port fluids that are arranged on cutting unit 34 places, so that be easy to provide drilling fluids at the place, cutting face of cutting unit 34.Fluid can be provided for central passage by the fluid rotary joint that is positioned at driver element 32 places.In other embodiments, the drilling fluids circuit can extend to far-end from the near-end of drill string by the independent passage that limited by drill string.
B. exemplary cutting unit
Fig. 2 is the lateral view of distal portion of drill bit 30 of the rig 20 of Fig. 1.What particularly, Fig. 2 had shown drill bit 30 turns to valve jacket 36 and cutting unit 34.Cutting unit 34 comprises the near-end 70 (that is, tail end or rear end) that is directly adjacent to the far-end location that turns to valve jacket 36 and at the far-end 72 (that is, front end) of far-end slip-angle steering valve jacket 36.
With reference to Fig. 3, cutting unit 34 comprises rotary cutting part 74, and described rotary cutting part 74 rotates to help by rig 20 cutting holes around the central longitudinal axis 75 (referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) of cutting unit 34.The central longitudinal axis that axis 75 can limit with the driving shaft 26 by tube portion 22 is axially aimed at altogether.Particularly, rotary cutting part 74 is by being rotated around axis 75 from the torque that driver element 32 transmits by driving shaft 26.During drilling operation, rotary cutting part 74 rotates with respect to the main body 38 that turns to valve jacket 36, drill bit 30 of drill bit 30 and the casing assembly 28 of tube portion 22 around axis 75 usually.
With reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, rotary cutting part 74 comprises the outward flange 76 (for example, cylinder outward flange) that basically extends to near-end 70 from the far-end 72 of cutting unit 34.Rotary cutting part 74 comprises that also the far-end 72 of contiguous cutting unit 34 non-rotatably is connected to the front Cutting tool installation manner plate 78 of outward flange 76 (for example, annular installing plate).Term " non-rotatably connects " the described connection of expression and does not allow to interconnect relatively rotation between the part.For example, front Cutting tool installation manner plate 78 can be soldered to outward flange 76.Alternatively, front Cutting tool installation manner plate 78 can form with outward flange 76 monoblock casts, is machined as a body component of outward flange 76 to form or be connected to outward flange 76 by securing member.As shown in Figure 3, the outer peripheral portion 77 of front Cutting tool installation manner plate 78 non-rotatably is connected to outward flange 76.
With reference to Fig. 4, rotary cutting part 74 also comprises the interior hub 80 of the inside that non-rotatably is connected to front Cutting tool installation manner plate 78.Interior hub 80 limits the torque actuated device receiver 51 of the convex torque actuated device 49 of the far-end that is suitable for holding the drive rod 46 that is arranged on drill bit 30.Therefore, interior hub 80 is configured to allow torque easily to pass to the rotary cutting part 74 of cutting unit 34 from the drive rod 46 of drill bit 30.
The rotary cutting part 74 of cutting unit 34 also comprises a plurality of cutting elements of the truncated sides 82 (being the distal side) that is installed in front Cutting tool installation manner plate 78.Cutting element comprises cutting teeth 84 and is connected to the cutting tip 86a of the truncated sides 82 of front Cutting tool installation manner plate 78.Cutting tip 86a installs adjacent to the through hole 88 of Cutting tool installation manner plate 78 before far-end-proximal direction extends through.Cutting tip 86a is fixed to installing rack 89, and described installing rack 89 is fixed in the groove that the front truncated sides 82 by rotary cutting part 74 limits by securing member.Cutting tip 86a and/or installing rack 89 can be configured to cover at least part of of through hole 88.Like this, by using different cutting tip 86a or the installing rack 89 of different size, can change the material type customization cutting unit 34 of maximum available dimensions so that cutting unit 34 will be crept into of the peristome of through hole 88.
Through hole 88 allows to pass through cutting unit 34 by the earth of the cutting element generation of cutting unit 34 at far-end-proximal direction.In case smear metal is by through hole 88, the smear metal meeting is inhaled in the vacuum passage 47 and is removed from the hole of boring.In a particular embodiment, through hole 88 can also allow air to pass through cutting unit 34 at near-end-distal direction, and in cutting unit 34, air mixes with smear metal, and is then sucked back to vacuum passages 47 by through hole 88 at far-end-proximal direction with smear metal.
But when in the lower boring of flox condition (for example, the following condition of groundwater table), expectation be open and close through hole 88 optionally.When through hole 88 was closed, the far-end 72 of cutting unit 34 was communicated with fluid between the near-end 70 and is blocked, and made it possible to prevent that the flow of matter of the distal side of front Cutting tool installation manner plate 78 from passing through through hole 88 also filled vacuum passage 47 and/or air duct 43.
With reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, cutting unit 34 also comprises for the flashboard 90 of open and close through hole 88 optionally.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show the flashboard 90 that is installed in the near-end 70 of cutting unit 34 as annular slab.Flashboard 90 comprises the through hole 91 that is separated from each other by stop part 92 in a circumferential direction.Flashboard 90 also limits and passes the deep-slotted chip breaker 93 that stop part 92 limits.Groove 93 limits the radius of curvature that swings around the center line that extends along rotation 75.Securing member 94 (for example, shouldered tap bolt or pin) extends through groove 93 and is used for flashboard 90 is connected to the proximal lateral of front Cutting tool installation manner plate 78.Flashboard 90 is installed in the near-end inboard of outward flange 76.Securing member 94 and groove 93 allow flashboard 90 and rotary cutting part 74 relative to each other to rotate between the first relative position shown in Figure 4 and the second relative position shown in Fig. 5 around axis 75.At the first relative position of Fig. 4, the through hole 91 of flashboard 90 is aimed at the through hole 88 of rotary cutting part 74, opens so that the near-end 70 of cutting unit 34 is communicated with fluid between the far-end 72.At the second relative position of Fig. 5, the stop part of flashboard 90 92 covers the through hole 88 of rotary cutting parts 74, is blocked so that the far-end 72 of cutting unit 34 is communicated with fluid between the near-end 70.
During normal drilling operation, cutting unit 34 rotates around rotation 75 on the first direction of rotation 95.The rotation of rotary cutting part 74 on the first direction of rotation 95 causes securing member 94 to slide into the first end 96 of groove 93 in groove 93.The first relative position (referring to Fig. 4) that provides fluid to be communicated with between the far-end 72 that flashboard 90 and rotary cutting part 74 are in cutting unit 34 and the near-end 70 is provided at securing member 94 in the situation of first end 96 of groove 93.Along with rotary cutting part in the first end 96 that is positioned at groove 93 at securing member 94 74 continues in 95 rotations of the first direction of rotation, torque is delivered to flashboard 90 from rotary cutting part 74 by securing member 94.Like this, flashboard 90 as one man rotates with rotary cutting part 74, so that through hole 88 stays open.
When drilling operation stops, expectation be to close the far-end 72 of cutting unit 34 to be communicated with fluid between the near-end 70.In order to realize this purpose, rotary cutting part 74 rotates around rotation 75 on the second direction of rotation 97.When this rotation occured, groove 93 and securing member 94 allowed rotary cutting part 74 to rotate to the second relative position of Fig. 5 from the first relative position of Fig. 4 around axis 75 with respect to flashboard 90.At the second relative position of Fig. 5, the second end 98 of securing member 94 engaging grooves 93, and the stop part 92 of flashboard 90 covers the through hole 88 of rotary cutting part 74.In order to reopen through hole, rotary cutting part 78 only rotates around rotation 75 on first direction 95, thereby makes rotary cutting part 74 move the position that turns back to Fig. 4.
In optional embodiment, except being used for the open and close through hole, flashboard according to principle of the present invention can also be used for regulating the size (for example, opening lateral cross area) of cutter through hole through hole is customized to the boring that adapts in specific type of material.For example, Fig. 6-12 has shown the cutting unit 134 that comprises rotary cutting part 174 and flashboard 190.Rotary cutting part 174 has the front truncated sides 182 that is oriented to rear side 183 relative positionings.A plurality of cutting teeths are arranged on front truncated sides 182, and a plurality of through hole 188 in the past truncated sides 182 pass rotary cutting part 174 and extend to rear side 183.The rear side 183 of rotary cutting part 174 comprises hub 180, and described hub 180 limits the torque actuated device receiver 151 of the convex torque actuated device 49 of the far-end that is suitable for holding the drive rod 46 that is arranged on drill bit 30.Hub 180 is configured to allow torque easily to be delivered to the rotary cutting part 174 of cutting unit 134 from the drive rod 46 of drill bit 30.In described embodiment, torque actuated device receiver 151 is shown as comprising the transmission of torque base of a plurality of pars.Keep assembly 123 fastening torque actuated devices 49 to slide away from torque actuated device 49 to prevent cutting unit 134.Keep assembly 123 to comprise keeping covering 125 and securing member 127.Securing member 127 extends through and keeps covering 125 and be suitable for being connected to torque actuated device 49.When securing member 127 is fastened, keeps covering 125 rear side and be resisted against on the front side of rotary cutting part 174 and carry out clamping.
The flashboard 190 of cutting unit 134 is fixed to the rear side 183 of rotary cutting part 174 by a plurality of securing members 161.As shown in Figure 6, securing member 161 is shown as the bolt in the threaded openings that is screwed into the rear side 183 that is arranged on rotary cutting part 174.Securing member 161 extends through the groove 193 that limits the radius of curvature that swings around the center line that extends along rotation 175.When securing member 161 was released, groove 193 allowed rotary cutting parts 174 and flashboard 190 relative to each other around rotation 175 rotations.On the contrary, when securing member 161 was fastened, rotary cutting part 174 and flashboard 190 were relative to each other in position locked, made it possible to prevent between rotary cutting part 174 and the flashboard 190 relative rotary motion around rotation 175.
Rotary cutting part 174 and flashboard 190 can also be locked in the centre position between fully open position and the complete make position.In the centre position, flashboard 190 only partly stops through hole 188, thereby compares the lateral cross area that reduces that provides material to flow through with the fully open position.In a particular embodiment, flashboard 190 stops the 10-90% of the lateral cross area of through hole 188 when relatively rotation place in the middle of selected, or the 20-80% of through hole 188 lateral cross areas, or the 20-60% of the lateral cross area of through hole 188.Should be understood that and can select middle relatively rotation place by the operator, be complementary so that the peristome of the lateral cross area of through hole 188 is selected to the material type of wanting to creep into rig, thus the material customization drill bit to wanting to creep into.Securing member 161 permissions are locked in rotary cutting part 174 and flashboard 190 at the middle relatively rotation place place of inexhaustible number.In case middle relatively rotation place is set, securing member keeps rotary cutting part 174 and flashboard 190 to be in selected middle relatively rotation place during holing.Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown be locked in make through hole 188 by flashboard 190 parts stop exemplary in the middle of rotary cutting part 174 and the flashboard 190 of relatively rotation place.
Figure 13-15 has shown another cutting unit 234 according to principle of the present invention.Cutting unit 234 comprises rotary cutting part 274 and flashboard 290.Rotary cutting part 274 comprises and is oriented to the front truncated sides 282 relative with rear side 283.Through hole 288 passes rotary cutting part 274 from truncated sides 282 and extends to rear side 283.Cutting tool installation manner groove 285 is adjacent to the front side 282 that through hole 288 is arranged on rotary cutting part 274.The Cutting tool installation manner groove allows cutter mounting frame 289 to be adjacent to through hole 288 and is easily mounted to rotary cutting part 274.Cutter such as elongate blades is fixed to cutter mounting frame 289.By selecting cutter mounting frame and/or the cutter of different size, can change the maximum possible aperture area of through hole 288.For example, when cutter mounting frame and the cutter that is connected to described cutter mounting frame were not overlapping with through hole 288, through hole 288 had maximum open lateral cross area.By selecting cutter mounting frame and/or cutter according to the predetermined lap with respect to through hole 288, can regulate the maximum open lateral cross area that is provided by through hole 288.
The flashboard 290 of cutting unit 234 comprises hub 235, and described hub 235 limits the torque actuated device receiver 251 of the convex torque actuated device 49 of the far-end that is suitable for holding the drive rod 46 that is arranged on drill bit 30.Torque actuated device receiver 251 is configured to allow torque to be delivered to flashboard 290 by the drive rod 46 from drill bit 30 easily.In described embodiment, torque actuated device receiver 251 comprises the base structure, and described base structure comprises a plurality of pars.Keep assembly 223 to be used for preventing that rotary cutting part 274 and flashboard 290 from sliding away from torque actuated device 49.Keep assembly 223 to comprise keeping covering 225, securing member 227 and central cutting blade 286b.Central cutting blade 286b is connected to the head of securing member 227.Securing member 227 extends through and keeps covering 225 and be connected to the end of driving shaft 46.For example, securing member 227 can comprise the bolt with thread spindle, and described thread spindle is screwed in the internal thread axially open that the convex torque actuated device 49 by drive rod 46 limits.
Keeping covering 225 is not formed at and need to will in the rotary cutting part clamping situation in position rotary cutting part 274 and flashboard 290 be remained on the driving shaft 46 with respect to flashboard 290.For example, keep covering 225 and comprise hub section 221 and the flange part 219 of radially outward giving prominence to from the front end of hub section 221.The rear end of hub section 221 limits flashboard clamping surface 221a, and when securing member 227 is screwed in the driving shaft 46 when remaining on flashboard 290 on the driving shaft 46, described flashboard clamping surface 221a engages the front surface of the hub 235 of flashboard 290.The rear side of flange part 219 limits rotary cutting part and keeps surperficial 219a, and described rotary cutting part keeps surperficial 219a relative to the front side of rotary cutting part 274 to prevent that rotary cutting part 274 and driving shaft 46 break away from.The 221 restriction flashboard clamping surface 221a of hub section and rotary cutting part keep the side-play amount 217 between the surperficial 219a.Side-play amount 217 extends upward in front and back and provide the gap between surperficial 221a, 219a, and the inside 290i of flashboard 290 is contained in the described gap.The gap that is provided by side-play amount 217 is greater than the thickness of inner 290i and prevent that inner 290i is held to cover 225 clampings when securing member 227 is fastened.Like this, keep assembly 223 can not disturb rotary cutting part 274 with respect to the performance of flashboard 290 around rotation 275 rotations.
In the embodiment of Figure 13-15, when desirable boring appears during around rotation 275 rotation in cutting unit 234 on direction of rotation 297.Flashboard 290 makes sliding pin 294 slide into the end 298 of groove 293 by driving shaft 46 in groove 293 in the rotation on the direction of rotation 297.The open position that provides fluid to be communicated with between the front side that flashboard 290 and rotary cutting part 274 are in cutting unit 234 and the rear side is provided at sliding pin 294 in the situation of end 298 of groove 293.Along with flashboard in the end 298 that is positioned at groove 293 at sliding pin 294 290 continues in direction of rotation 297 rotations, torque is passed to rotary cutting part 274 by sliding pin 294 from flashboard 290.Like this, rotary cutting part 274 as one man rotates with flashboard 290, so that through hole 288 stays open.
When drilling operation stops, expectation be to close the front side of cutting unit 234 to be communicated with fluid between the rear side.In order to realize this purpose, flashboard 290 rotates around rotation 275 on direction of rotation 295 by driving shaft 46.When this occured, groove 293 and sliding pin 294 allowed flashboards 290 to rotate to make position with respect to rotary cutting part 274 from open position.In make position, the end 296 of sliding pin 294 engaging grooves 293, and the stop part of flashboard 290 covers the through hole 288 of rotary cutting part 274.In order to reopen through hole 288, flashboard 290 only rotates around rotation 175 on direction 297, turns back to open position thereby flashboard 290 is moved with respect to rotary cutting part 274.An advantage of this class cutting unit is: when wanting or expect when making flashboard 290 close through hole with respect to rotary cutting part 274 rotation on direction 295, contacting between the cutting teeth of rotary cutting part 274 and the ground provides the resistance that prevents that flashboard 290 and rotary cutting part 274 from rotating consistent with each otherly.
It is evident that and in the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention or protection domain, to improve and to change device of the present invention from above-mentioned detailed description.
Claims (14)
1. rig comprises:
The rotary cutting part that comprises front truncated sides and rear side, described rotary cutting part limit and pass described rotary cutting structure extends to described rear side from described front truncated sides a plurality of through holes;
Flashboard, described flashboard is adjacent to the rear side of described rotary cutting part and installs, described flashboard and described rotary cutting part can be relative to each other stop rotary moving between the first orientation of described through hole and the second orientation that described through hole is opened around axis at described flashboard, described flashboard comprises the transmission of torque interface, and described transmission of torque interface aims to be used for that torque is passed to described flashboard so that described flashboard rotates around described axis from driving shaft with described axis; With
Linkage, described linkage is between described flashboard and described rotary cutting part, be used for torque is delivered to described rotary cutting part so that described rotary cutting part rotates around described axis from described flashboard, described linkage also allows between described rotary cutting part and the described flashboard relative rotary motion around the certain limit of described axis, and the relative rotary motion of described certain limit allows described rotary cutting part and described flashboard mobile between described first orientation and described second orientation.
2. rig according to claim 1, wherein, described linkage comprises sliding members, described sliding members extends by the curved slot around described axis bending.
3. rig according to claim 2, wherein, described sliding members comprises the sliding pin that is fixed to described rotary cutting part, and wherein said curved slot is limited by described flashboard.
4. rig according to claim 3, wherein, described curved slot is extended by described flashboard fully.
5. rig according to claim 1, wherein, described flashboard is at least in part in the rear side of recessed described rotary cutting part.
6. rig according to claim 1, wherein, thrust bearing is installed between described rotary cutting part and the described flashboard.
7. rig according to claim 1, wherein, Cutting tool installation manner is in the front truncated sides of described rotary cutting part.
8. rig according to claim 7, wherein, described cutter can be installed to by installing rack the front side of described rotary cutting part, wherein said cutter mounting frame is adjacent to described through hole and is fixed to described rotary cutting part, and wherein the installing rack of different size can be used in the maximum open size that changes described through hole.
9. rig comprises:
The rotary cutting part that comprises front truncated sides and rear side, described rotary cutting part limits a plurality of through holes, described a plurality of through hole passes described rotary cutting structure and extends to described rear side from described front truncated sides, and described rotary cutting part rotates around axis during holing; With
Stop member, described stop member is adjacent to the rear side of described rotary cutting part and installs to be used for stopping at least part of of described through hole, described stop member can be installed to described rotary cutting part around described axis at different position of rotation, and wherein said stop member provides different through holes to stop percentage at each position of rotation place.
10. rig according to claim 9, wherein, described stop member is fixed on described position of rotation by securing member.
11. rig according to claim 10, wherein, described securing member extends by the curved slot that is limited by described stop member.
12. rig according to claim 11, wherein, described curved slot has the curvature centered by described axis.
13. a rig comprises:
Cutting unit, described cutting unit limits at least one through hole, and described at least one through hole provides the distal side of described cutting unit to be communicated with fluid between the proximal lateral, and described cutting unit is included in a plurality of cutting elements of the distal side of described cutting unit; With
Flashboard, described flashboard is used for optionally opening and stopping the described through hole of described cutting unit.
14. a rig comprises:
Cutting unit, described cutting unit limits at least one through hole, and described at least one through hole provides the distal side of described cutting unit to be communicated with fluid between the proximal lateral, and described cutting unit is included in a plurality of cutting elements of the distal side of described cutting unit; With
Flashboard, described flashboard are used for covering at least in part described through hole.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2010/027302 WO2011115610A1 (en) | 2010-03-15 | 2010-03-15 | Drilling apparatus with shutter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102892975A true CN102892975A (en) | 2013-01-23 |
Family
ID=44649491
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010800667903A Pending CN102892975A (en) | 2010-03-15 | 2010-03-15 | Drilling apparatus with shutter |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20130008723A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2547866A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102892975A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2010348358A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011115610A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103827747B (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2017-03-15 | 艾默生电气公司 | Inspection system and inspection method used in the drilling operation of underground |
| US9651711B1 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2017-05-16 | SeeScan, Inc. | Boring inspection systems and methods |
| US20150226004A1 (en) * | 2014-02-10 | 2015-08-13 | Michael C. Thompson | Technique to verify underground targets utilizing virtual reality imaging and controlled excavation |
| CN103982195A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-08-13 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | Full-face tunnel boring machine |
| PL4004331T3 (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2024-07-22 | Herrenknecht Ag | Drill head and method for producing a vertical borehole in the ground |
| DE102019120019A1 (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-01-28 | Herrenknecht Ag | Boring head for drilling a hole in the ground |
| US11473418B1 (en) | 2020-01-22 | 2022-10-18 | Vermeer Manufacturing Company | Horizontal directional drilling system and method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2547866A1 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
| US20130008723A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 |
| WO2011115610A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
| AU2010348358A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
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Application publication date: 20130123 |