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CN102873558A - Turbine blade clamp based on piezoelectric ceramics and quick posture adjusting method - Google Patents

Turbine blade clamp based on piezoelectric ceramics and quick posture adjusting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102873558A
CN102873558A CN2012103554787A CN201210355478A CN102873558A CN 102873558 A CN102873558 A CN 102873558A CN 2012103554787 A CN2012103554787 A CN 2012103554787A CN 201210355478 A CN201210355478 A CN 201210355478A CN 102873558 A CN102873558 A CN 102873558A
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China
Prior art keywords
blade
shop bolt
piezoelectric ceramics
turbine blade
eddy current
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Granted
Application number
CN2012103554787A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102873558B (en
Inventor
王恪典
刘志会
郭华
梅雪松
杨鹏云
解晓龙
邹创
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Priority to CN201210355478.7A priority Critical patent/CN102873558B/en
Publication of CN102873558A publication Critical patent/CN102873558A/en
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Publication of CN102873558B publication Critical patent/CN102873558B/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a turbine blade clamp based on piezoelectric ceramics and a quick posture adjusting method. The method comprises the following steps: positioning the blade curve of a turbine blade by the clamp via six pins; using a screw rod to clamp the two end planes of the blade, so that the bottom part of the dowel pins are matched with a displacement output rod of the piezoelectric ceramics. The quick posture adjusting method takes the advantage of the characteristic that the length of the displacement output rod of the piezoelectric ceramics changes with the change of the voltage to adjust the voltage of the piezoelectric ceramics according to the posture change data of a blade tenon collected by an eddy current displacement sensor in X, Y and Z directions after the blade is clamped, so as to adjust the blade posture. According to the method, the flexibility of the turbine blade clamp and the positioning precision of the blade are improved, the blade assembling time is saved, the production cost is lowered and the economic benefit is improved.

Description

A kind of turbine blade anchor clamps and pose quickly regulating method based on piezoelectric ceramics
Technical field
The present invention relates to the anchor clamps field of turbine blade, particularly a kind of turbine blade anchor clamps and pose quickly regulating method based on piezoelectric ceramics.
Background technology
Turbine is the rotating type impeller motive power machine device that a kind of heat energy with gas or liquid fuel combustion generation is converted into mechanical power, being widely used in the fields such as the energy, aviation, traffic, national defence, is the crucial Grand Equipments that adapts to China's Energy restructuring and Aviation Industry.Turbine Blades With temperature is in gas turbine temperature the highest (more than 1400 ℃), the most complicated, the worst position of environment of stress, and its value accounts for the nearly 50% of complete machine, is the critical component in the gas turbine.The machining accuracy of blade just becomes affects one of leaf longevity and performance key factor.Because blade curved surface more complicated, how to guarantee the accurate location in the blade mechanism processing and rationally clamp also just to become to guarantee that blade is in the adverse circumstances such as high temperature, the High Rotation Speed key in lower service life.
At present, in the processing of blade tenon, manufacturer generally all adopts low-melting alloy to contain the box method.Chinese patent file CN101417396A discloses a kind of shape theoretical based on differential geometric clamp precision, anchor point and has sealed the New Complex curved surface positioning and clamping fast algorithm of criterion.The shortcoming of the invention of setting forth in this document is that shop bolt length is fixing non-adjustable, turbine blade pose after clamping can't be changed, Real-Time Monitoring is not carried out in the pose variation to the blade key area in clamping process, after in a single day the shop bolt that designs in the grip device machined, whole anchor clamps adjustability pose poor, that reuse inefficiency, screw rod rotation clamping rear blade was non-adjustable.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of turbine blade anchor clamps based on piezoelectric ceramics and pose quickly regulating method, the fast and accurate adjusting that can show the blade pose clamps the required precision of pose to reach the processing front vane.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme taked of the present invention is:
A kind of turbine blade anchor clamps based on piezoelectric ceramics, comprise blade locking device, blade clamping device and blade tenon pose signal monitoring device, blade locking device, blade clamping device and blade tenon pose signal monitoring device all are fixed on the base platform 4;
Described blade clamping device comprises the first clamping seats 8 and the second clamping seats 14, the first clamping seats 8 and the second clamping seats 14 are fixed on the long axis of base platform 4, be furnished with the first screw rod 9 of vertical direction on the first clamping seats 8, be used for loading the afterbody that clamps turbine blade 5, the second clamping seats 14 is provided with installs pilot hole 2, and be furnished with the 4th screw rod 1, the 5th screw rod 13 of the second screw rod 11, the 3rd screw rod 12 and the horizontal direction of vertical direction, be used for loading the head that clamps turbine blade 5;
Described blade locking device comprises the first shop bolt 3, the second shop bolt 6, the 3rd shop bolt 7, the 4th shop bolt 10, the 5th shop bolt 16, the 6th shop bolt 17, also comprise the first pin holder 15, the second pin holder 18, the first shop bolt 3 wherein, the second shop bolt 6, the 3rd shop bolt 7, the 6th shop bolt 17 vertically is fixed on the said base platform 4, the first shop bolt 3 centers on the second clamping seats 14 right sides become 30 ° angles with the second screw rod 11 centers with the 3rd screw rod 12 lines of centres with the 6th shop bolt 17 lines of centres, the second shop bolt 6 centers in the left side of the first clamping seats 8 become 30 ° of angles with the 3rd shop bolt 7 lines of centres with the long axis of base platform 4, the 4th shop bolt 10, the 5th shop bolt 16 respectively level is installed on the second pin holder 18 and the first pin holder 15, the first pin holder 15 and the second pin holder 18 parallel long axis both sides that are fixed on base platform 4;
Described blade tenon pose signal monitoring device comprises the first flange seat 20, the second flange seat 19, the first eddy current displacement sensor 21, the second eddy current displacement sensor 22, the 3rd eddy current displacement sensor 23, the 4th eddy current displacement sensor 24, the 5th eddy current displacement sensor 25, the 6th eddy current displacement sensor 26, the first flange seat 20 and the second flange seat 19 are fixed on the base platform 4, the tenon end face of the centre-to-centre spacing turbine blade 5 of the first flange seat 20 and its long axis direction parallel with the second clamping seats 14 is no more than 10mm, the second flange seat 19 is no more than 20mm in the tenon tooth end face outside and the spacing of turbine blade 5, the 3rd eddy current displacement sensor 23 and the 6th eddy current displacement sensor 26 symmetries are fixed on the positive directions X of the first flange seat 20, the first eddy current displacement sensor 21 and the second eddy current displacement sensor 22 are fixed on the Z direction of the first flange seat 20, and the 5th eddy current displacement sensor 25 and the 4th eddy current displacement sensor 24 are fixed on the Y-direction of the second flange seat 19.
The bottom of described shop bolt is provided with shrinkage pool A, shrinkage pool A matches with the displacement take-off lever of piezoelectric ceramics C head, all piezoelectric ceramics C all are mounted in pin holder or base platform B inside, installing hole all is through hole making things convenient for the power line access of piezoelectric ceramics, and all through holes all are designed with positive stop lug boss with the fixing position of piezoelectric ceramics C.
A kind of pose quickly regulating method of the turbine blade anchor clamps based on piezoelectric ceramics may further comprise the steps
The first step is utilized turbine blade that eddy current displacement sensor collects 5 tenon pose original state amount W in the LABVIEW design virtual instrument record tenon pose monitoring device a=(W A1, W A2, W A3, W A4, W A5, W A6), after turbine blade 5 is clamped, record the stable state amount W of its tenon pose b=(W B1, W B2, W B3, W B4, W B5, W B6), calculate position and posture variation delta W=W a-W b
Second step supposes that the displacement that need regulate shop bolt when the pose of turbine blade 5 after clamping will reach positioning accuracy request is L=(L 1, L 2, L 3, L 4, L 5, L 6), adopt neural network algorithm to set up blade tenon pose variable quantity and shop bolt theoretical bits and move functional relation L=f(Δ W between the regulated quantity);
In the 3rd step, the voltage-regulation value of establishing piezoelectric ceramics C is U=(U 1, U 2, U 3, U 4, U 5, U 6), according to the voltage of piezoelectric ceramics C-displacement parameter data, set up blade tenon pose variable quantity W, the shop bolt theoretical bits is moved the functional relation U=f (L, W) between regulated quantity L and the piezoelectric ceramics voltage-regulation amount U three, and deposit in the computer;
The 4th step, when each turbine blade 5 is processed clamping, directly call in the magnitude of voltage U that obtains the piezoelectric ceramics C that regulate in the Computer Database according to the tenon pose delta data of the turbine blade 5 that collects, and the piezoelectric ceramics voltage that C connects of correspondence regulated get final product.
The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect
1) adopt shop bolt that the blade curved surface of turbine blade is positioned, with respect to traditional low-melting alloy box containment method, technological process is simpler, consumes energy still less low cost of manufacture, noxious gas emission decrease.
2) in to turbine blade location clamping process, blade key area (tenon) is carried out Real-Time Monitoring and the collection of pose delta data, actual condition to each blade carries out detailed data record, can form blade processing database abundant, that have actual analysis to be worth.
3) apparatus structure that adopts piezoelectric ceramics to match with shop bolt, can effectively control, change the relative position of pin and blade, can after clamping, blade can adjust fully, fast, accurately the pose of blade, to satisfy the clamping accuracy requirement of blade before processing, the rate of reducing the number of rejects and seconds.
4) the present invention has shortened the process time of turbine blade on the whole, has improved working (machining) efficiency, has strengthened reusability and the flexibility of anchor clamps, has saved processing cost in the anchor clamps use simultaneously and has improved economic benefit.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is integral installation figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the normal axomometric drawing of turbine blade tenon pose signal monitoring device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that shop bolt cooperates schematic diagram with the installation of piezoelectric ceramics.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is elaborated.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of turbine blade anchor clamps based on piezoelectric ceramics, comprise blade locking device, blade clamping device and blade tenon pose signal monitoring device, blade locking device, blade clamping device and blade tenon pose signal monitoring device all are fixed on the base platform 4;
Described blade clamping device comprises the first clamping seats 8 and the second clamping seats 14, the first clamping seats 8 and the second clamping seats 14 are fixed on the long axis of base platform 4 by soket head cap screw, the first screw rod 9 that is furnished with vertical direction on the first clamping seats 8 is used for loading the afterbody that clamps turbine blade 5, the second clamping seats 14 is provided with installs pilot hole 2, and is furnished with the 4th screw rod 1 of the second screw rod 11, the 3rd screw rod 12 and the horizontal direction of vertical direction, the head that the 5th screw rod 13 is used for loading clamping turbine blade 5;
Described blade locking device comprises the first shop bolt 3, the second shop bolt 6, the 3rd shop bolt 7, the 4th shop bolt 10, the 5th shop bolt 16, the 6th shop bolt 17, also comprise the first pin holder 15, the second pin holder 18, the first shop bolt 3 wherein, the second shop bolt 6, the 3rd shop bolt 7, the 6th shop bolt 17 vertically is fixed on the said base platform 4, the first shop bolt 3 centers on the second clamping seats 14 right sides become 30 ° angles with the second screw rod 11 centers with the 3rd screw rod 12 lines of centres with the 6th shop bolt 17 lines of centres, the second shop bolt 6 centers in the left side of the first clamping seats 8 become 30 ° of angles with the 3rd shop bolt 7 lines of centres with the long axis of base platform 4, the 4th shop bolt 10, the 5th shop bolt 16 respectively level is installed on the second pin holder 18 and the first pin holder 15, and the first pin holder 15 and the second pin holder 18 are by the parallel long axis both sides that are fixed on base platform 4 of soket head cap screw;
With reference to Fig. 3, described turbine blade tenon pose signal monitoring device comprises the first flange seat 20, the second flange seat 19, the first eddy current displacement sensor 21, the second eddy current displacement sensor 22, the 3rd eddy current displacement sensor 23, the 4th eddy current displacement sensor 24, the 5th eddy current displacement sensor 25, the 6th eddy current displacement sensor 26, the first flange seat 20 and the second flange seat 19 are fixed on the base platform 4 by soket head cap screw, the tenon end face of the centre-to-centre spacing turbine blade 5 of the first flange seat 20 and its long axis direction parallel with the second clamping seats 14 is no more than 10mm, the second flange seat 19 is no more than 20mm in the tenon tooth end face outside and the spacing of turbine blade 5, the 3rd eddy current displacement sensor 23 and the 6th eddy current displacement sensor 26 symmetries are fixed on the positive directions X of the first flange seat 20, these two sensor probe centers are from the upper surface 43mm of base platform 4, with the pose delta data of effective Real-Time Monitoring blade tenon directions X in clamping process; The first eddy current displacement sensor 21 and the second eddy current displacement sensor 22 are fixed on the positive Z direction of the first flange seat 20,2 sensor probe centers on these two sensor probe centers and the above-mentioned directions X are in the plane fully, are used for the monitoring blade tenon at the pose delta data of clamping process Z direction; The 4th eddy current displacement sensor 24 and five eddy current displacement sensors 25 are fixed on the positive Y-direction of flange seat 19, these two sensor probe centers are from the upper surface 43mm of base platform 4, from blade tenon increment face 1.5-3mm, be used for the monitoring blade tenon at the pose delta data of clamping process Y-direction.
With reference to Fig. 4, the bottom of described shop bolt is provided with shrinkage pool A, shrinkage pool A matches with the displacement take-off lever of piezoelectric ceramics C head, all piezoelectric ceramics C all are mounted in pin holder or base platform B inside, installing hole all is through hole making things convenient for the power line access of piezoelectric ceramics C, and all through holes all are designed with positive stop lug boss with the fixing position of piezoelectric ceramics C.
A kind of pose quickly regulating method of the turbine blade anchor clamps based on piezoelectric ceramics may further comprise the steps
The first step: utilize turbine blade that eddy current displacement sensor collects 5 tenon pose original state amount W in the LABVIEW design virtual instrument record tenon pose monitoring device a=(W A1, W A2, W A3, W A4, W A5, W A6), after turbine blade 5 is clamped, record the stable state amount Wb=(W of its tenon pose B1, W B2, W B3, W B4, W B5, W B6), calculate position and posture variation delta W=W a-W b
Second step: the displacement that need regulate shop bolt when the pose of supposition turbine blade 5 after clamping will reach positioning accuracy request is L=(L 1, L 2, L 3, L 4, L 5, L 6), adopt neural network algorithm to set up blade tenon pose variable quantity and shop bolt theoretical bits and move functional relation L=f(Δ W between the regulated quantity);
The 3rd step: the voltage-regulation value of establishing piezoelectric ceramics C is U=(U 1, U 2, U 3, U 4, U 5, U 6), according to the voltage of piezoelectric ceramics C-displacement parameter data, set up blade tenon pose variable quantity W, the shop bolt theoretical bits is moved the functional relation U=f (L, W) between regulated quantity L and the piezoelectric ceramics voltage-regulation amount U three, and deposit in the computer;
The 4th step: when each turbine blade 5 is processed clamping, directly call in the magnitude of voltage U that obtains the piezoelectric ceramics C that regulate in the Computer Database according to the tenon pose delta data of the turbine blade 5 that collects, and the piezoelectric ceramics voltage that C connects of correspondence regulated get final product.

Claims (3)

1. turbine blade anchor clamps based on piezoelectric ceramics, comprise blade locking device, blade clamping device and blade tenon pose signal monitoring device, it is characterized in that: blade locking device, blade clamping device and blade tenon pose signal monitoring device all are fixed on the base platform (4);
Described blade clamping device comprises the first clamping seats (8) and the second clamping seats (14), the first clamping seats (8) is fixed on the long axis of base platform (4) with the second clamping seats (14), the first screw rod (9) that is furnished with vertical direction on the first clamping seats (8) is used for loading the afterbody that clamps turbine blade (5), the second clamping seats (14) is provided with installs pilot hole (2), and is furnished with second screw rod (11) of vertical direction, the 4th screw rod (1) of the 3rd screw rod (12) and horizontal direction, the 5th screw rod (13) is used for loading the head that clamps turbine blade (5);
Described blade locking device comprises the first shop bolt (3), the second shop bolt (6), the 3rd shop bolt (7), the 4th shop bolt (10), the 5th shop bolt (16), the 6th shop bolt (17), also comprise the first pin holder (15), the second pin holder (18), the first shop bolt (3) wherein, the second shop bolt (6), the 3rd shop bolt (7), the 6th shop bolt (17) vertically is fixed on the said base platform (4), the first shop bolt (3) center on the second clamping seats (14) right side becomes 30 ° angles with the second screw rod (11) center with the 3rd screw rod (12) line of centres with the 6th shop bolt (17) line of centres, the second shop bolt (6) center in the left side of the first clamping seats (8) becomes 30 ° of angles with the 3rd shop bolt (7) line of centres with the long axis of base platform (4), the 4th shop bolt (10), the 5th shop bolt (16) respectively level is installed on the second pin holder (18) and the first pin holder (15) the first pin holder (15) and the parallel long axis both sides that are fixed on base platform (4) of the second pin holder (18);
Described blade tenon pose signal monitoring device comprises the first flange seat (20), the second flange seat (19), the first eddy current displacement sensor (21), the second eddy current displacement sensor (22), the 3rd eddy current displacement sensor () 23, the 4th eddy current displacement sensor (24), the 5th eddy current displacement sensor (25), the 6th eddy current displacement sensor (26), the first flange seat (20) is fixed on the base platform (4) with the second flange seat (19), the tenon end face of the centre-to-centre spacing turbine blade (5) of the first flange seat (20) and its long axis direction parallel with the second clamping seats (14) is no more than 10mm, the second flange seat (19) is no more than 20mm in the tenon tooth end face outside and the spacing of turbine blade (5), the 3rd eddy current displacement sensor (23) is fixed on the positive directions X of the first flange seat (20) with the 6th eddy current displacement sensor (26) symmetry, the first eddy current displacement sensor (21) is fixed on the Z direction of the first flange seat (20) with the second eddy current displacement sensor (22), and the 5th eddy current displacement sensor (25) is fixed on the Y-direction of the second flange seat (19) with the 4th eddy current displacement sensor (24).
2. a kind of turbine blade anchor clamps based on piezoelectric ceramics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bottom of described shop bolt is provided with shrinkage pool (A), shrinkage pool (A) matches with the displacement take-off lever of piezoelectric ceramics (C) head, all piezoelectric ceramics (C) all are mounted in pin holder or base platform (B) inside, installing hole all is through hole making things convenient for the power line access of piezoelectric ceramics, and all through holes all are designed with positive stop lug boss with the fixing position of piezoelectric ceramics (C).
3. a kind of turbine blade anchor clamps based on piezoelectric ceramics according to claim 1 is characterized in that the pose quickly regulating method may further comprise the steps:
The first step is utilized turbine blade that eddy current displacement sensor collects (5) tenon pose original state amount W in the LABVIEW design virtual instrument record tenon pose monitoring device a=(W A1, W A2, W A3, W A4, W A5, W A6), after turbine blade (5) is clamped, record the stable state amount W of its tenon pose b=(W B1, W B2, W B3, W B4, W B5, W B6), calculate position and posture variation delta W=W a-W b
Second step supposes that the displacement that need regulate shop bolt when the pose of turbine blade (5) after clamping will reach positioning accuracy request is L=(L 1, L 2, L 3, L 4, L 5, L 6), adopt neural network algorithm to set up blade tenon pose variable quantity and shop bolt theoretical bits and move functional relation L=f(Δ W between the regulated quantity);
In the 3rd step, the voltage-regulation value of establishing piezoelectric ceramics (C) is U=(U 1, U 2, U 3, U 4, U 5, U 6), according to the voltage of piezoelectric ceramics (C)-displacement parameter data, set up blade tenon pose variable quantity W, the shop bolt theoretical bits is moved the functional relation U=f (L, W) between regulated quantity L and the piezoelectric ceramics voltage-regulation amount U three, and deposit in the computer;
The 4th step, when each turbine blade (5) is processed clamping, directly call in the magnitude of voltage U that obtains the piezoelectric ceramics (C) that regulate in the Computer Database according to the tenon pose delta data of the turbine blade that collects (5), and piezoelectric ceramics (C) voltage that connects of correspondence regulated get final product.
CN201210355478.7A 2012-09-21 2012-09-21 Turbine blade clamp based on piezoelectric ceramics and quick posture adjusting method Expired - Fee Related CN102873558B (en)

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CN103170860A (en) * 2013-03-28 2013-06-26 西北工业大学 Hollow turbine blade wax mould cantilever-type clamp
CN104190904A (en) * 2014-08-01 2014-12-10 南京赛达机械制造有限公司 Fixture special for steam turbine die forging blades
CN104369020A (en) * 2014-11-13 2015-02-25 四川成发航空科技股份有限公司 Fixture for machining of high-temperature alloy precision casting blade
CN105583672A (en) * 2014-10-23 2016-05-18 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 Positioning method for integrated guide vane
CN106271734A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-01-04 中航动力股份有限公司 A kind of line cutting positioning fixture
CN106392694A (en) * 2016-08-30 2017-02-15 南通中能机械制造有限公司 Four-axis milling machine fixture with dual blade roots and blades
CN106425734A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-02-22 中航动力股份有限公司 Numerical control abrasive belt grinding tooling for intake and exhaust edges of precise forged stator blade of aircraft engine
CN106624936A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-05-10 四川绵竹鑫坤机械制造有限责任公司 Auxiliary clamping device for die forging blades
CN107866685A (en) * 2016-09-27 2018-04-03 通用电气公司 For the tool holder component for the component for handling gas-turbine unit
CN109571046A (en) * 2019-01-23 2019-04-05 广东增峰智能装备有限公司 The machine base of Full-automatic arranging fixture
CN110315359A (en) * 2019-06-21 2019-10-11 西安朋邦工贸有限公司 A kind of low-pressure turbine guide vane tool structure and adjusting method
CN110936231A (en) * 2019-12-17 2020-03-31 中国航发动力股份有限公司 System for monitoring dynamic displacement of precision forging blade and monitoring method thereof
CN110977070A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-04-10 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 Fixing device and method for blade tenon in linear cutting
CN112437928A (en) * 2018-07-03 2021-03-02 西门子能源全球有限两合公司 Design and manufacture of fluid machinery blade
CN113458823A (en) * 2021-07-13 2021-10-01 成都航利航空科技有限责任公司 Adjustable blade self-adaptation angle accurate positioning clamping device
CN114113170A (en) * 2021-11-19 2022-03-01 华能国际电力股份有限公司 Supporting device and supporting method for nondestructive testing of internal structure of turbine blade

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CN103170860B (en) * 2013-03-28 2015-06-10 西北工业大学 Hollow turbine blade wax mould cantilever-type clamp
CN103170860A (en) * 2013-03-28 2013-06-26 西北工业大学 Hollow turbine blade wax mould cantilever-type clamp
CN104190904A (en) * 2014-08-01 2014-12-10 南京赛达机械制造有限公司 Fixture special for steam turbine die forging blades
CN105583672B (en) * 2014-10-23 2018-01-23 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 A kind of localization method of conjuncted guide vane
CN105583672A (en) * 2014-10-23 2016-05-18 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 Positioning method for integrated guide vane
CN104369020A (en) * 2014-11-13 2015-02-25 四川成发航空科技股份有限公司 Fixture for machining of high-temperature alloy precision casting blade
CN106271734A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-01-04 中航动力股份有限公司 A kind of line cutting positioning fixture
CN106425734A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-02-22 中航动力股份有限公司 Numerical control abrasive belt grinding tooling for intake and exhaust edges of precise forged stator blade of aircraft engine
CN106271734B (en) * 2016-08-29 2019-06-18 中航动力股份有限公司 A kind of wire cutting positioning fixture
CN106392694A (en) * 2016-08-30 2017-02-15 南通中能机械制造有限公司 Four-axis milling machine fixture with dual blade roots and blades
CN107866685A (en) * 2016-09-27 2018-04-03 通用电气公司 For the tool holder component for the component for handling gas-turbine unit
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