CN102879340A - Method for quickly detecting nutritional quality of root/stem crops on basis of near-infrared spectrum - Google Patents
Method for quickly detecting nutritional quality of root/stem crops on basis of near-infrared spectrum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly detecting nutritional quality of root/stem crops on the basis of near-infrared spectrum, and belongs to the field of nutritional quality detection. The method includes steps of 1), screening a representative test sample bank with high gradient of component content and according with modeling; 2), acquiring near-infrared spectrum data of test samples by a near-infrared spectrometer; 3), precisely analyzing component content of nutritional quality of the test samples in the test sample bank by referring to international or national standard methods; 4), processing the near-infrared spectrum data; 5), selecting a chemical metering process for building a mathematical model and establishing a model by a program QUANT-2 in OPUS quantitative analysis software; 6), evaluating the model by means of correction and internal cross validation; and 7), collecting the near-infrared spectrum data of to-be-tested samples, preprocessing the spectrum data, and then predicting the nutritional quality of the samples by the aid of the established model. The method has the advantages of high analysis speed, no pollution, no sample preprocessing, high detection precision, good repeatability, and capability of analyzing various nutritional quality components of underground root/stem crops simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method based on underground root of near-infrared spectrum technique fast detecting/stem class crop alimentary quality, the detection technique field of piece root under the possession/stem class crop alimentary quality component.Can quick, pollution-free detection sweet potato, nutritional quality component in the underground root/stem class crop such as cassava, potato, Chinese yam, taro.
Background technology
Sweet potato, cassava, potato, Chinese yam, taro etc. are as typical underground root/stem kind of starch crop, all are China and even important grain, feed and the raw material of industry in the world.In every year, underground root of this class of China/stem kind of starch crop has a large amount of sample estovers matter identifications at breeding, cultivation, resource screening and the aspects such as preservation and processing and utilization.Laboratory conventional chemical detecting instrument is analyzed lixiviate or a plurality of steps such as reaction, detection that nutritional labeling needs chemical reagent, the shortcoming such as that the preparation of sample, pre-service and analytic process exist is consuming time, effort, determination step are loaded down with trivial details, different indexs however with passage test, easily cause environmental error and personal error, impact analysis result's reliability and comparability, consume a large amount of chemical reagent, the pollutants such as the waste liquid of generation, waste gas do not meet the low-carbon (LC) social desirability of present promotion yet.At present, in China, underground root of this class/stem kind of starch crop field does not still have fast, the analytical approach of low consumption, no-pollution nutrient quality.
Summary of the invention
Quick in order to realize, efficient, pollution-free, the content of underground root of many index determinings/stem class crop alimentary quality component simultaneously the invention provides a kind of method based on underground root of near-infrared spectrum technique fast detecting/stem class crop alimentary quality.Utilize this method not need underground root/stem class is carried out complicated Chemical Pretreatment as matter sample, realize the quick pollution-free detection to underground root of this class/stem class crop Multiple components, and save detection time, reduce cost, increase efficient, protection of the environment.The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: a kind of method based near infrared spectrum fast detecting piece root/stem class crop alimentary quality, use near-infrared spectral analysis technology underground root/stem class crop alimentary quality component concentration is carried out analyzing and testing, concrete steps are as follows:
1) selection of sample: each crop screening meets large, the representational test specimen of the component concentration gradient storehouse of modeling;
2) collection of spectrum: state per sample, use near infrared spectrometer acquisition test sample near infrared spectrum data;
3) analysis of test specimen chemical score: with reference to nutritional quality component concentration in international or the national standard method Accurate Analysis test specimen storehouse;
4) pre-service of spectrum: the near infrared spectrum data that collects is carried out pre-service;
5) optimization of calibration model: select to set up the stoechiometric process of mathematical model, the QUANT-2 program is carried out model construction in the employing OPUS quantitative analysis software;
6) checking of model: have fine representativeness for guaranteeing the modeling sample collection, institute's established model is adopted proofread and correct and the cross-validation evaluation;
7) application of model: the acquisition condition that adopts during with acquisition standard correction sample spectrum is consistent, gathers underground root to be measured/stem class and makes the near infrared spectrum data of matter sample, predict its nutritional quality with constructed calibration model after the spectroscopic data pre-service.
The selection of the described sample of step 1) is large, the representational Calibration of component concentration gradient and the testing sample collection that meets modeling from the screening of National Resources storehouse.
The optimization of the described calibration model of step 5): comprise the stoechiometric process of selecting to set up mathematical model, the chemical measurement value of Calibration is input among the modeling program QUANT-2 with corresponding spectral value, recycling OPTIMIZE program Automatic Optimal is processed, select the best modeled condition, comprise optimal spectrum preprocess method, best Spectral range and best major component dimension etc.; Set up the calibration model of near infrared spectrum and underground root/stem class crop nutrient composition content.
The nutritional quality component comprises the nutritional quality component concentrations such as starch, protein, soluble sugar, reducing sugar, glucose, fructose, sucrose and part mineral matter element of underground root/stem class crop in the step 3).
Above-mentioned NIR technology has the incomparable characteristics of conventional method such as amount of samples is few, sample nondestructive loses, analysis speed is fast, many index determinings of while, no waste is polluted and cost is low, utilization factor is high, also meets " low-carbon (LC) scientific research " requirement that present country proposes simultaneously.Can be advantageously applied to underground root/stem class crop quality index analysis, it predicts the outcome all in conventional method permissible error scope, and the result that checking detects can reach the requirement of practical application fully.Therefore, can be used as a kind of fast method is applied in underground root/stem class crop research and production.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, analysis speed of the present invention is fast, pollution-free, need not sample pretreatment, accuracy of detection is high, good reproducibility, can analyze simultaneously the multiple nutrients quality component in underground root/stem class crop, for the screening of underground root/stem class crop breeding and resource provides convenient, fast, efficient analytical approach.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Process flow diagram route is as shown in Figure 1 tested.
The screening of sample: screening meets large, the representational Calibration of component concentration gradient and the testing sample collection of modeling from resources bank in all parts of the country.This enforcement is that each crop is screened 120 parts of materials with essential informations such as separate sources, different yellowish pink, different dry rate and different biological characteristics as Calibration and 50 parts of sample sets to be predicted from resources bank in all parts of the country;
The pre-service of sample: select healthy and strong, well-balanced material, clean, allowance for bark, cut into slices, put-50 ℃ of frozen drying 72h, grind, cross 60 orders, sealing is preserved, and is for subsequent use;
The mensuration of sample chemical value: with reference to the nutritional quality component concentrations such as starch, protein, soluble sugar, reducing sugar, glucose, fructose, sucrose and part mineral matter element in international or such underground root of the national standard method Accurate Analysis/stem class crop sample sets;
The collection of spectrum: VECTOR22/N type Fourier transform near-infrared reflection spectrometer (German BRUKER spectral instrument company system) is adopted in test, and sample is contained in the rotary sample container of diameter 50mm, and the about 5mm of thickness is at 4000-10000cm
-1Spectral range interscan 64 times, resolution are 4cm
-1To instrument preheating 30min, after instrument test (such as peak and expansion signal etc.) passes through, background is scanned before measuring; Sample is scanned, and each sample repeats 3 times;
The pre-service of spectrum: with order in the software kit near infrared spectrum data is carried out pre-service (level and smooth, differential, averaged spectrum, baseline correction etc.), disturb to eliminate background and context, improve spectral quality and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), be stored in the computing machine;
The optimization of calibration model: chemical measurement value and the corresponding spectral value of Calibration are input among the modeling program QUANT-2, adopt the Multielement statistical analysis methods such as least square method (MPLS), partial least square method (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR), utilize OPTIMIZE program Automatic Optimal to process, select the best modeled condition, comprise optimal spectrum preprocess method, best Spectral range and best major component dimension etc.; Set up the near infrared spectrum of sweet potato and the calibration model of underground root/stem class crop nutrient composition content; For guaranteeing measurement environment and manually-operated consistance, carry out a background scans to eliminate drift every 30 samples in the measuring process.
The checking of model and application: have fine representativeness for guaranteeing the modeling sample collection, adopt correction and cross-validation to estimate the coefficient of determination (R relevant with chemical score such as predicted value to institute's established model
2) and mean square deviation (RMSEE and RMECV); The acquisition condition that adopts during with acquisition standard correction sample spectrum is consistent, gathering 50 parts of underground root/stems to be measured) class makes the near infrared spectrum data of matter sample, with constructed calibration model, underground root of fast prediction/stem class is made the result of the index of quality such as starch in the matter sample, protein, soluble sugar, reducing sugar, glucose, fructose, sucrose and part trace element after the spectroscopic data pre-service.
Claims (4)
1. the method based near infrared spectrum fast detecting piece root/stem class crop alimentary quality is characterized in that using near-infrared spectral analysis technology underground root/stem class crop alimentary quality component concentration is carried out analyzing and testing, and concrete steps are as follows:
1) selection of sample: each crop screening meets large, the representational test specimen of the component concentration gradient storehouse of modeling;
2) collection of spectrum: state per sample, adopt appropriate method to use near infrared spectrometer acquisition test sample near infrared spectrum data;
3) analysis of test specimen chemical score: with reference to nutritional quality component concentration in international or the national standard method Accurate Analysis test specimen storehouse;
4) pre-service of spectrum: the near infrared spectrum data that collects is carried out pre-service;
5) optimization of calibration model: select to set up the stoechiometric process of mathematical model, the QUANT-2 program is carried out model construction in the employing OPUS quantitative analysis software;
6) checking of model: have fine representativeness for guaranteeing the modeling sample collection, institute's established model is adopted proofread and correct and the cross-validation evaluation;
7) application of model: the acquisition condition that adopts during with acquisition standard correction sample spectrum is consistent, gathers underground root to be measured/stem class and makes the near infrared spectrum data of matter sample, predict its nutritional quality with constructed calibration model after the spectroscopic data pre-service.
2. the method based near infrared spectrum fast detecting piece root/stem class crop alimentary quality according to claim 1, the selection that it is characterized in that the described sample of step 1) is that each crop is screened large, the representational Calibration of the component concentration gradient that meets modeling and testing sample collection from the National Resources storehouse.
3. the method based near infrared spectrum fast detecting piece root/stem class crop alimentary quality according to claim 1, the optimization that it is characterized in that the described calibration model of step 5): comprise the stoechiometric process of selecting to set up mathematical model, the chemical measurement value of Calibration is input among the modeling program QUANT-2 with corresponding spectral value, recycling OPTIMIZE program Automatic Optimal is processed, select the best modeled condition, comprise optimal spectrum preprocess method, best Spectral range and best major component dimension etc.; Set up underground root/near infrared spectrum of stem class crop and the calibration model of its nutrient composition content.
4. the method based near infrared spectrum fast detecting piece root/stem class crop alimentary quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that nutritional quality component in the step 3) comprises the nutritional quality component concentrations such as starch, protein, soluble sugar, reducing sugar, glucose, fructose, sucrose and part mineral matter element of underground root/stem class crop.
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