CN102877823A - Cracking method adopting blasting principle for improving gas output for shale gas - Google Patents
Cracking method adopting blasting principle for improving gas output for shale gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN102877823A CN102877823A CN2012103928198A CN201210392819A CN102877823A CN 102877823 A CN102877823 A CN 102877823A CN 2012103928198 A CN2012103928198 A CN 2012103928198A CN 201210392819 A CN201210392819 A CN 201210392819A CN 102877823 A CN102877823 A CN 102877823A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cracking method adopting a blasting principle for improving a gas output for shale gas. A shot hole, namely a 1# shot hole, which is perpendicular to the plane of a working surface, is drilled in a heading working surface, and the direction of the shot hole is completely consistent with that of a smaller resistance line of the shot hole. After an explosive explodes, all power only rushes out stuffing possibly, and a rock cannot be blasted down at all. In case of a better condition, a shallow and small funnel is formed due to explosion, but a bigger and deep funnel is possibly formed due to the explosion by the shot hole obliquely crossing with a free surface. A horizontal well is designed for the shale gas by adopting the cracking method, in the equivalent condition of a shale porosity and a rock fracture pressure, the shale gas can be increased from 2.4 m<3>/t to 3.0 m<3>/t or above 3 m<3>/t; meanwhile, a fracturing fluid and sand can be saved; in accordance with the increment of 0.6 m<3>/t based on the resource quantity of 3.69-trillion cubic meters in the Southeast of Chongqing, 2.214-trillion cubic meters are increased compared with an original gas output; and in accordance with 1 Yuan/m<3>, the value is 2.214-trillion Yuan.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of shale gas and improve gas production blasting principle Splitting Method.
Shale gas is out natural gas of exploitation from the rammell, it be a kind of " unconventional natural gas ", its technical field belongs to the energy development class.
Background technology
At present, shale gas is a dark horse in the Global Oil and Gas Resources field, forms the new highlight of exploration and development.The exploitation of shale gas expediting exploration has become world shale gas Main Resources big country and regional common choice.China's shale gas also is resource big country, accelerate development shale gas, to change China petroleum resources general layout, even change whole energy resource structure, the petroleum resources shortage of alleviation China, guarantee national energy security, promotion socio-economic development, all be of great significance.Shale gas is a kind of " unconventional natural gas ", and it is exploitation natural gas out from the rammell, belongs to a class together with its " coal bed gas ", " tight gas ".Whole world conventional gas and oil only accounts for 20% of oil gas total resources, but until the beginning of this century, the very gas that accounts for total resources 80% just is able to commercial-scale operation." conference of global promotion shale gas " held in Washington in September, 2010 learns: the immense success of U.S. shale gas exploitation makes its in recent years natural gas storage, the yields have increased considerably, domestic Gas Prices descends, and directly has influence on the gas outlet price of other countries.The unconventional natural gas of U.S. exploitation has satisfied half Natural Gas Demand of the U.S. now.New shale gas exploitation point is in full flourish in the North America especially.Mechanism of the U.S. claims, shale gas will satisfy the energy supply in following 100 years of the U.S..More someone claims that 100 years these numerals are too cautious.Russia in 2008 is maximum in the world gas production state, and the U.S. in 2009 has replaced Russia with the advantage of 6000 billion cubic meters.The price of U.S.'s natural gas also drops to 5 dollars of current less thaies from 13 dollars of every British thermal units in mid-term in 2008.No wonder brainstrust describes the important breakthrough that the U.S. obtains in the shale gas field with " shale gas revolution ".The starting of exploitation shale gas China is different late, since 2009, national departments concerned is actively formed a team and is carried out technical research, on-the-spot investigation Cha Baken, site operation and the control in the north America region shale oil gas fields such as Paul Barnett, experimental ability and equipment, project management and operation, and and BP, Xue Foyou, the Exxon, Kang Fei, shell, the Bake Hughes, the Halliburton, Si Lun colludes and the company such as thanks and carry out exchange of technology, especially develop the pressure break key technology of shale oil gas, we draw Hu Lu to the U.S. according to sample in sum, also are in the stage of fumbling, so it is very large to improve the gas production potentiality, provides good technological borrowing for China is just carrying out the shale oil gas exploration.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to improve the shale gas gas production and to increase daily output tolerance, to solving its technical problem, the technical scheme of taking is:
1, by the upright well of explosion pressure break principle design and horizontal well, especially horizontal well.The purpose of shale gas pressure break is the pressure break of shale is become fracture network, and shale gas is composed and to be stored in rich organic mud shale and the natural gas pressure break in spiracular slit degree interlayer out.The purpose of rock blasting work is rock is split off from its integral body, and its fragmentation become the lumpiness that is suitable for loading most, various rocks are inconsistent for the resistance of this splitting action and fragmentation, at first are because rock nature such as hardness, crack and cleavage etc. are variant.So in order to reach the maximal efficiency of broken work, the layout of borehole on work plane affects to some extent, also has the type in tunnel itself and the shape in cross section thereof.If the driving face brill at homogeneous rock mass is made a call to a borehole vertical with the work plane plane, the direction of borehole and its less opposing direction are in full accord.Behind the explosive charge, institute is strong may only to be that padding is gone out, and is commonly called as: beat tin, or the circumocular rock of big gun slightly crushed or compress, at all can not get off rock blasting.Just in case situation is quite a lot of, explode only at most a shallow and little funnel, i.e. cross spider dash area.Be diagonal to the borehole on the scope of freedom, just may explode lower larger and dark funnel, i.e. single line shade part.Efficient as for the borehole on the flat shape scope of freedom is best.Namely in the digging laneway work plane, increase the scope of freedom in order to reach this purpose, at first must carry out slotting, just then carry out effectively main blasting work.Very naturally, the borehole on the work plane on a scope of freedom is divided into snubber and avalanche eye two large classes in such event.The effect of snubber is to increase the scope of freedom, and namely in the shale gas staged fracturing, first section pressure break is that the second segment pressure break increases the scope of freedom, thereby the scope of freedom the more, then fracturing effect so correctly adopt the blasting principle Splitting Method, namely designs the gradient of horizontal well and improves gas production most important better.
2, shale gas blasting principle pressure break increases the pressure break scope of freedom.Adopt vertical wedge cut, easer arranged, borehole and another borehole, so the design horizontal well be oblique to the vertical wedge cut formula, fracturing effect also is one of best.The purpose of the avalanche eye of explosion then is the avalanche rock.The avalanche eye is divided into reliever and periphery hole, and reliever except the avalanche rock, can also enlarge the groove of drawing in the periphery of snubber, improves the blasting efficiency of periphery hole, and periphery hole its role is to the avalanche tunnel and obtains certain specification near the periphery in tunnel.The operating principle of Here it is explosion Results namely is " shale gas improves gas production blasting principle Splitting Method ".Shale gas refers to compose and is stored in rich organic mud shale and the interlayer thereof, the unconventional natural gas take absorption and free state as main existing way, and composition is take methane as main, and shale gas is a kind of cleaning, efficient energy resources.Have from being conigenous storage, distributing extensively, bury the characteristics such as shallow, that the production cycle is long.According to occurrence characteristics, so the fracturing technique of exploitation shale gas is only key technical problem.
3, the shale gas staged fracturing is wanted honor to follow to increase the pressure break scope of freedom to carry out pressure break.Original staged fracturing is exactly the increase scope of freedom that utilizes in the blasting principle, if with former successively 1,2,3 ... the pressure break of 12 ordered series of numbers, rice is with being that honor is followed the increase pressure break scope of freedom, interlude by segmentation begins to left and right pressure break, namely by 5 sections of pressure breaks left after the 7th section pressure break, the interval pressure break is the 3rd section again, and then pressure break is 6 sections, 4 sections and 1 section.To 9 sections of right septum pressure breaks, the interval pressure break is 11 sections again, until 12 sections, then pressure break is 8 sections, 10 sections, owing to there being two scope of freedoms fracturing effect better.
4, the present invention " shale gas improves gas production blasting principle Splitting Method ", the exploration and development of shale gas is the system engineering of a polytechnics, especially requires to have the very strong skilled personnel of practicality, to tackling key problem and the research of key technology.Realize the commercial-scale development and use of shale gas, mainly be to improve the shale gas air content just can reduce production costs with increase daily output tolerance, its key technology is exactly pressure break so, it will be argued that shale Reservoir Fracture propagation law, according to blasting principle, be how to utilize the crack problem of expansion shale itself, so the applicant is called this method " shale gas improves gas production blasting principle Splitting Method ", new spudding well comprises upright well and horizontal well, if can adopt my patent, at the R of shale degree of porosity, shale minerals composition, shale density, reservoir
0, under the equal condition such as operation pressure and rock rupture pressure, just can make shale gas raising air content, by former evaluation index 0.6m
3/ t brings up to 2m
3/ t or 3m
3More than/the t, its daily output tolerance just can reach the rate of being doubled and redoubled, and comparatively speaking, can save fracturing fluid and sand simultaneously, reduces production costs, and realizes the purpose of commercial size exploitation.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is explosion pressure break principle of the present invention and fracturing effect graph of a relation.
Fig. 2 is that explosion pressure break principle of the present invention and fracturing effect concern sectional drawing.
Fig. 3 is this invention vertical wedge cut figure.
Fig. 4 is this invention vertical wedge cut sectional drawing.
Fig. 5 is horizontal cut figure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is horizontal cut sectional drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is top kerf figure of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is top kerf sectional drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is taper slotting figure of the present invention.
Figure 10 is triangular pyramidal slotting figure of the present invention.
Figure 11 is perimeter hole of the present invention and other big gun hole arrangement diagram.
Figure 12 is embodiment staged fracturing figure.
1.1 gunfire eyes in figure, on 2.2 gunfire eye 3.3 gunfire eye 4.4 gunfire eye 5.5 gunfire eye 6. cross spider 7. line of demarcation 8. funnel points 9., 1.6.8.7. cross-hatched part 9.8.2. single line dash area 10. minimum burden 11. working face 12. padding 13. slotting big gun hole 14. borehole 15. borehole 16. slotting big gun hole 17. borehole 18. borehole 19. keyhole 20. borehole 21. taper keyhole 22. triangular pyramidal keyhole 23. keyhole 24. breaking hole 25. periphery holes 26. in line of demarcation reduce the upright well 30. embodiment staged fracturings of explosive payload periphery hole 27. pressure break sequence number 28. horizontal well 29.
The specific embodiment
In Fig. 1 Fig. 2, be the relation of explosion pressure break principle and fracturing effect, namely according to geographical terrain and geological conditions, by the upright well of explosion pressure break principle design and horizontal well.Blasting principle is to make a call to the borehole vertical with work plane plane (11) 1 a gunfire eye (1) at the driving face brill of homogeneous rock mass, and the direction of borehole and its less burden (10) direction are in full accord.Behind the explosive charge, institute is strong may only to be that padding (12) is gone out, and is commonly called as and plays cylinder, or the circumocular rock of big gun slightly crushed or compress, and at all can not get off rock blasting.Just in case situation is quite a lot of, explode only at most a shallow and little funnel, i.e. (6), (8), (7) cross spider dash area.Be diagonal to the scope of freedom borehole (1), (8, (6), just may explode lower larger and dark funnel (9), (8) (2), be single line shade part.Be best as for 5 gunfire eyes (5) of the borehole on the flat shape scope of freedom and the efficient of funnel point (8).
In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, be horizontal cut, the bedding crack of level of approximation is arranged when the rock stratum, should adopt vertical wedged hole, slotting big gun hole (13) is arranged, borehole (14) and borehole (15),
In Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, be vertical wedge cut, easer (16) is arranged, borehole (17) and borehole (18), so the design horizontal well be oblique to vertical wedge cut, be fracturing effect side for the best.
In Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, be top kerf, easer (19) is arranged, borehole (20), rock bedding (31), in the stratum that tilts, the direction of apparent dip has the modes such as top, bottom, side V-cut.It is exactly that easer (19) intersects vertically with the rock stratum reason, also is one of best approach of horizontal well pressure break.
In Fig. 9, be the taper slotting, easer (21) is arranged.
In Figure 10, be the triangular pyramidal slotting, easer (22) is arranged.
In Figure 11, be perimeter hole and other big gun hole layout, easer (23), breaking hole (24), perimeter hole (25) are arranged and reduce explosive payload perimeter hole (26), it is the principle of shale gas staged fracturing.
In Figure 12, be staged fracturing (30) situation of embodiment, horizontal well (28), upright well (29), horizontal well (28) minute 12 sections pressure breaks, have 1,2,3 ... it is the pressure break sequence number (27) of segmentation.
Claims (3)
1. a shale gas improves gas production blasting principle Splitting Method, it is characterized in that: design upright well and horizontal well, especially horizontal well by the blasting principle Splitting Method.Blasting principle is to make a call to the borehole vertical with work plane plane (11) 1 a gunfire eye (1) at the driving face brill of homogeneous rock mass, and the direction of borehole and its less burden (10) direction are in full accord.Behind the explosive charge, institute is strong may only to be that padding (12) is gone out, or the circumocular rock of big gun slightly crushed or compresses, and at all can not get off rock blasting.Just in case situation is quite a lot of, explode only at most a shallow and little funnel, i.e. (6), (8), (7) cross spider dash area.Be diagonal to the scope of freedom borehole (1), (8, (6), just may to explode lower larger and dark funnel (9), (8), (2) be single line shade part.Be best as for 5 gunfire eyes (5) of the borehole on the flat shape scope of freedom and the efficient of funnel point (8), so it is most important with the raising gas production press blasting principle design horizontal well.
2. shale gas according to claim 1 improves gas production blasting principle Splitting Method, it is characterized in that: adopt vertical wedge cut, easer (16) is arranged, borehole (17) and borehole (18), so the design horizontal well be oblique to the vertical wedge cut formula, fracturing effect side be the best one of.
3. shale gas according to claim 1 improves gas production blasting principle Splitting Method, it is characterized in that: adopt shale gas for increasing the staged fracturing on the pressure break scope of freedom, with former successively 1,2,3 ... the pressure break of 12 ordered series of numbers, being adopted as increases the pressure break scope of freedom, interlude by segmentation begins to left and right pressure break, namely by 5 sections of pressure breaks left after the 7th section pressure break, the interval pressure break is the 3rd section again, and then pressure break is 6 sections, 4 sections and 1 section.To 9 sections of right septum pressure breaks, the interval pressure break is 11 sections again, until 12 sections, then pressure break is 8 sections, 10 sections.
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| CN2012103928198A CN102877823A (en) | 2012-09-29 | 2012-09-29 | Cracking method adopting blasting principle for improving gas output for shale gas |
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| CN2012103928198A CN102877823A (en) | 2012-09-29 | 2012-09-29 | Cracking method adopting blasting principle for improving gas output for shale gas |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3902422A (en) * | 1973-07-26 | 1975-09-02 | Du Pont | Explosive fracturing of deep rock |
| US4300800A (en) * | 1979-09-14 | 1981-11-17 | Occidental Oil Shale, Inc. | Method of rubbling a pillar |
| CN101644156A (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2010-02-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for weakening coal-rock mass by hydraulic blasting and fracturing |
| CN102619496A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Method for layering, stage multi-level blasting, hole expanding and crack expanding of oil-gas-bearing rock |
-
2012
- 2012-09-29 CN CN2012103928198A patent/CN102877823A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3902422A (en) * | 1973-07-26 | 1975-09-02 | Du Pont | Explosive fracturing of deep rock |
| US4300800A (en) * | 1979-09-14 | 1981-11-17 | Occidental Oil Shale, Inc. | Method of rubbling a pillar |
| CN101644156A (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2010-02-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for weakening coal-rock mass by hydraulic blasting and fracturing |
| CN102619496A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Method for layering, stage multi-level blasting, hole expanding and crack expanding of oil-gas-bearing rock |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘祥柱等主编: "《水利水电工程施工》", 31 August 2009, 黄河水利出版社 * |
| 李夕兵主编: "《凿岩爆破工程》", 30 September 2011, 中南大学出版社 * |
| 王玉杰编: "《爆破工程》", 30 September 2007, 武汉理工大学出版社 * |
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