CN102874107A - Extended range electromobile power system using dual-clutch transmission gear - Google Patents
Extended range electromobile power system using dual-clutch transmission gear Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an extended range electromobile power system using a dual-clutch transmission gear. The extended range electromobile power system is characterized in that a crank shaft of an internal combustion engine is connected with a shell of a first dual-clutch transmission gear; a first clutch of the first dual-clutch transmission gear is connected with a second clutch of a second dual-clutch transmission gear through a transmission shaft; the second clutch of the first dual-clutch transmission gear is connected with a first motor rotor; a second motor rotor is connected with a shell of the second dual-clutch transmission gear through a transmission shaft; and two sets of change gears are respectively controlled to output power by controlling the disengagement or engagement of two clutches of the second dual-clutch transmission gear to realize two gears. The vehicle is mainly driven by a second motor during low-speed driving, the low-speed and low-load operation of an engine is avoided, and the economical efficiency and emission of the whole vehicle are improved; during high-speed driving, the power system operates in parallel to drive the vehicle, the energy transmission efficiency is high, and the driving range of the vehicle is further extended on the basis of ensuring the dynamic property of the whole vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts dual clutch transmission, particularly have combustion engine and two electrical motors and can carry out internal combustion engine drive and electric motor driven range extended electric vehicle power system.
Background technology
Become today of China Automobile Industry theme in energy-conservation and environmental protection, hybrid vehicle has become the object of various countries automobile vendor primary study.Hybrid vehicle (Hybrid Electrical Vehicle is called for short HEV) refers to equip simultaneously the automobile of two kinds of power resources-heat dynamic resources (being produced by traditional spark ignition engine or diesel engine) and electrodynamic source (electrokinetic cell and electrical motor).Hybrid vehicle does not need external charge; it is the electronlmobil take driving engine as main power source; by hybrid power functions such as engine idle shutdown, braking energy recovery, low speed pure motor driving, driving generating, driving power-assisted and the independent drivings of driving engine; so that driving engine can be regulated and control flexibly according to the actual operating mode of car load; remain on the interior work in zone of Combination property the best, thereby reduce oil consumption and discharging.
Compare with hybrid vehicle, pure electric automobile (Battery Electric vehicle is called for short BEV) relies on electric direct motor drive vehicle fully, and its energy source has been realized zero-emission from electrical network, and efficiency is high, and noise is little.But be subjected to current driving force battery technology horizontal constraints, its energy density can't satisfy automobile-used demand, and the car load continual mileage is limited, can not satisfy the requirement of user's routine use.
In order to prolong the continual mileage of pure electric automobile, people have increased a high efficiency internal combustion engine in power system of electric automobile, and when the electrokinetic cell lower voltage, it can drive electrical generator power is provided, and reaches the purpose of extending driving range with this.This class battery-driven car is called as stroke-increasing electric automobile (Range-extended Electric Vehicle is called for short REEV).According to the power system structure, the stroke-increasing electric automobile that exists at present can be divided into series connection stroke boosting electronlmobil and series-parallel connection stroke-increasing electric automobile.Series connection stroke boosting electronlmobil advantage aspect cost increase (comparing with traditional vehicle) is larger, and dynamic property is difficult to satisfy the vehicle performance requirement under electric quantity maintaining stage, and the fuel economy of running at high speed is also relatively poor.Series-parallel connection stroke-increasing electric automobile dynamic property and oil consumption under electric quantity maintaining stage all are better than the series connection stroke boosting electronlmobil, but power system is complicated, cost is higher;
There is at present following problem:
(1) because the combustion engine of traditional vehicle (or hybrid vehicle) need to be operated in bottom gear with full
Foot acceleration demand, the low and load of its rate of load condensate and rotation speed change are fast, affect the car load economy;
(2) in existing hybrid power configuration, motor is mainly used to regulate the work area of combustion engine, thereby make combustion engine as far as possible in the interval work of Optimum Economic, the power that driving vehicle needs is still mainly provided by combustion engine, therefore the power of combustion engine is very large, affects car load economy and emission performance;
(3) in existing hybrid power configuration, the first electrical motor form generally has two kinds, BSG(Belt Starter Generator) and ISG (Integrated Starter Generator), they directly link to each other with combustion engine usually, can drive them during internal combustion engine rotates always, this not only can produce mechanical friction loss, also can produce the electromagnetism loss, affects the car load economy;
(4) although pure electric automobile can be realized zero consumption of fuel and zero-emission, because the volume of electrokinetic cell and the restriction of energy density, its continual mileage is very limited;
(5) series connection stroke boosting electronlmobil is increasing under the journey pattern, has energy secondary conversion loss, affects the car load economy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts dual clutch transmission, it adopts the combustion engine of a miniwatt grade and the second electrical motor of a high-power grade.When internal combustion engine drive, prevent from driving the rotation of the first electrical motor, reduced loss due to friction and the electromagnetism loss of the first electrical motor.Provide two grades of transmitting ratios by two cover change gear mechanisms for the second electrical motor, car load dynamic property demand is satisfied by the second electrical motor, has reduced the power of combustion engine, has improved the rate of load condensate of combustion engine, has improved car load economy and emission performance.When the electrokinetic cell electric weight was not enough, tandem drive vehicle during low speed to power battery charging, was kept electric quantity balancing by internal combustion engine drive the first electrical motor; Parallel drive vehicle during high speed, energy transfer efficiency is high, on the basis that guarantees the car load dynamic property, has further prolonged the continual mileage of vehicle.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts dual clutch transmission, be comprised of combustion engine, the first electrical motor, the second electrical motor, two dual clutch transmissions and two cover change gear mechanisms, wherein the second dual clutch transmission can be used for gearshift; It is characterized in that: the bent axle of combustion engine is connected with the first dual clutch transmission housing.The first clutch of the first dual clutch transmission is connected with the second dual clutch transmission second clutch by transmission shaft; The second clutch of the first dual clutch transmission is connected with the first motor rotor; The second motor rotor is connected with the second dual clutch transmission housing by transmission shaft; By controlling separation or the combination of two power-transfer clutchs of the second dual clutch transmission, control respectively two cover change gear mechanism outputting powers, can realize two gears.
Described combustion engine is used for satisfying driving power that vehicle high-speed at the uniform velocity travels and the demand of electronic accessory horsepower.
The power of described the first electrical motor is used for cranking internal combustion engine, and satisfies electrokinetic cell SOC balance and electronic annex power requirement.
Described the second motor power (output) is determined by the car load dynamic property, by controlling the second dual clutch transmission and two cover change gear mechanisms, realizes two gears, and one grade is satisfied the max. climb slope requirement, and second gear satisfies the maximum speed requirement.
Described the second motor rotor is connected with the second dual clutch transmission housing by transmission shaft, first clutch combination when the second dual clutch transmission, second clutch separates, and power is by the output of first stud gear mechanism, and the transmitting ratio of first stud gear mechanism equals the 1(second gear); When the first clutch separation of the second dual clutch transmission, the second clutch combination, power is by the output of second stud gear mechanism, the transmitting ratio of second stud gear mechanism is greater than one grade of 1().
Described the second electrical motor can be by one grade and second gear transmitting ratio outputting power, and combustion engine can only pass through second gear transmitting ratio outputting power.
Described the first dual clutch transmission first clutch combination is carried out transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, and the first dual clutch transmission first clutch separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and the second electrical motor; The first dual clutch transmission second clutch combination, carry out transmission of power between combustion engine and the first electrical motor, the first dual clutch transmission second clutch separates, transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and the first electrical motor, also can cancel the first dual clutch transmission second clutch, the first electrical motor becomes to be rigidly connected with the housing of the first dual clutch transmission.
Described power system comprises following mode of operation:
A) when cranking internal combustion engine, the first clutch of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and the second clutch combination of the first dual clutch transmission is by the first motor starting combustion engine.
B) when vehicle start, the first clutch of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, the independent forward drive of the second electrical motor, and power system is with electric-only mode work.
C) when low vehicle speeds or the efficiency of internal combustion engine were low, the first clutch of the first dual clutch transmission separated, and the second electrical motor drives separately vehicle.According to the electrokinetic cell dump energy, can in conjunction with the second clutch of the first dual clutch transmission, by the generating of internal combustion engine drive the first electrical motor, realize that power system is with series model work.
D) when vehicle suddenly gives it the gun, the first clutch combination of the first dual clutch transmission, the second clutch of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and combustion engine and the second electrical motor drive vehicle simultaneously, and power system is with paralleling model work.
E) at the uniform velocity travel and efficiency of internal combustion engine when higher at vehicle, the first clutch combination of the first dual clutch transmission is by IC engine-powered vehicles.According to the electrokinetic cell dump energy: can in conjunction with the second clutch of the first dual clutch transmission, by the generating of internal combustion engine drive the first electrical motor, realize the electrokinetic cell energy equilibrium; The also second clutch of separable the first dual clutch transmission, the first electrical motor quits work, and reduces loss due to friction and the electromagnetism loss of the first electrical motor.
F) when car retardation travels or brakes, the first clutch of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and disconnects transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, and the second electrical motor is to power battery charging.
G) when vehicle backing travels, the first clutch of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and disconnects transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, and the second electrical motor works independently, and contrarotation drives vehicle.
Described combustion engine, the first dual clutch transmission and the first electrical motor can be cancelled, and power system is worked under electric-only mode always and is the pure electric vehicle power system.
Good effect of the present invention is to adopt two-speed transmission, for the second electrical motor provides two transmitting ratios, reduces vehicle to the second motor torque demand, reduces the second electrical motor volume; The first electrical motor, the second electrical motor, two-speed transmission Integration Design make system architecture compacter, realize the lightweight of power system; Compare the same level hybrid vehicle, power of IC engine is little, the rate of load condensate of combustion engine when having improved Vehicle Driving Cycle; When the second clutch of the first dual clutch transmission separates, drive the rotation of the first electrical motor when preventing internal combustion engine drive, reduced loss due to friction and the electromagnetism loss of the first electrical motor, thereby improved the fuel economy of car load; When cancelling the second clutch of the first dual clutch transmission, the power system structure is compacter, can reduce integral vehicle cost.During low vehicle speeds, power system can be pure electronic or series model work; During high vehicle speeds, power system can be electric-only mode work, also can be in conjunction with the first dual clutch transmission first clutch, make driving engine participate in vehicular drive, this moment, the power system energy transfer efficiency was high, on the basis that guarantees the car load dynamic property, can further prolong the continual mileage of vehicle.Based on power system of the present invention, can cancel combustion engine, the first dual clutch transmission and the first electrical motor, power system is worked under electric-only mode always, the present invention develops into a kind of pure electric vehicle power system, and the dynamical system that can realize stroke-increasing electric automobile and pure electric automobile is platform altogether.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that the range extended electric vehicle power system structural representation.
Figure 2 shows that two kinds of working stages of power system.Wherein SOC is the state-of-charge of electrokinetic cell.SOC is high, illustrates that the electrokinetic cell electric weight is sufficient; SOC is low, illustrates that the electrokinetic cell electric weight is not enough.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples: as shown in Figure 1, a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts dual clutch transmission, by combustion engine 1, the first dual clutch transmission housing 2, the first dual clutch transmission first clutch 3, the first dual clutch transmission second clutch 4, second stud gear mechanism 5, first stud gear mechanism 6, the second dual clutch transmission housing 7, the second dual clutch transmission first clutch 8, the second dual clutch transmission second clutch 9, the second motor stators 10, the second motor rotor 11, transmission shaft 12, second stud gear mechanism 13, first stud gear mechanism 14, power output gear 15, power output gear 16, the first motor stators 17, the first motor rotors 18 form.
The bent axle of combustion engine 1 is connected with the first dual clutch transmission housing 2.The first clutch 3 of the first dual clutch transmission is connected with the second dual clutch transmission second clutch 9 by transmission shaft 12.The second clutch 4 of the first dual clutch transmission is connected with the first motor rotor 18.The second motor rotor 11 is connected with the second dual clutch transmission housing 7 by transmission shaft.
4 combinations of the first dual clutch transmission second clutch are carried out transmission of power between combustion engine 1 and the first motor rotor 18; Second clutch 4 separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine 1 and the first motor rotor 18.
3 combinations of the first dual clutch transmission first clutch are carried out transmission of power between combustion engine 1 and the second motor rotor 11; First clutch 3 separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine 1 and the second motor rotor 11.
8 combinations of the second dual clutch transmission first clutch, second clutch 9 separates, and power equals 1 transmitting ratio (second gear) by 6 outputs of first stud gear mechanism for the second electrical motor provides.
9 combinations of the second dual clutch transmission second clutch, first clutch 8 separates, and power is by 5 outputs of second stud gear mechanism, for the second electrical motor provides the transmitting ratio greater than 1 (a grade).
As shown in Figure 2, according to power battery charged state (SOC), power system has two working stages: electric quantity consumption (CD) stage and electric weight are kept (CS) stage.When the electrokinetic cell electric weight was sufficient, power system was operated in the CD stage, and when the electrokinetic cell electric weight was reduced to a certain degree, power system entered into the CS stage.CD under the stage power system following several mode of operation is arranged: low speed electric-only mode, high speed electric-only mode, the independent drive pattern of high-speed internal combustion engine and high-speed joint drive pattern.CS under the stage power system following several mode of operation is arranged: low speed series model, high speed traveling power generation mode, the independent drive pattern of high-speed internal combustion engine and high-speed joint drive pattern, as shown in the table.
Under the electric-only mode, combustion engine 1 quits work, and the first dual clutch transmission first clutch 3 separates, and the first electrical motor quits work, and the second electrical motor drives separately Vehicle Driving Cycle.
Under the series model, combustion engine 1 work, the first dual clutch transmission first clutch 3 separates, 4 combinations of the first dual clutch transmission second clutch, the generating of the first electrical motor, the second electrical motor drives separately Vehicle Driving Cycle.
Under the driving power generation mode, combustion engine 1 work, 3 combinations of the first dual clutch transmission first clutch, 4 combinations of the first dual clutch transmission second clutch, the generating of the first electrical motor, the second electrical motor is with turning, and combustion engine 1 drives Vehicle Driving Cycle.
Under the independent drive pattern of combustion engine, combustion engine 1 work, 3 combinations of the first dual clutch transmission first clutch, the first dual clutch transmission second clutch 4 separates, the first electrical motor quits work, and the second electrical motor is with turning, and combustion engine (1) drives Vehicle Driving Cycle.
Under the associating drive pattern, combustion engine 1 work, 3 combinations of the first dual clutch transmission first clutch, the first dual clutch transmission second clutch 4 separates, and the first electrical motor quits work, and the second electrical motor and combustion engine 1 are united the driving Vehicle Driving Cycle.
In the concrete driving process of vehicle, the mode of operation of this power system is specific as follows:
A) when cranking internal combustion engine 1, the first clutch 3 of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and second clutch 4 combinations of the first dual clutch transmission are by the first motor starting combustion engine 1.
B) when vehicle start, the first clutch 3 of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine 1 and the second electrical motor, the independent forward drive of the second electrical motor, and power system is with electric-only mode work.
C) when low vehicle speeds or combustion engine 1 efficient are low, the first clutch 3 of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and the second electrical motor drives separately vehicle.According to the electrokinetic cell dump energy, can drive the generating of the first electrical motor by combustion engine 1 in conjunction with the second clutch 4 of the first dual clutch transmission, realize that power system is with series model work.
D) when vehicle suddenly gives it the gun, first clutch 3 combinations of the first dual clutch transmission, the second clutch 4 of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and combustion engine 1 and the second electrical motor drive vehicle simultaneously, and power system is with paralleling model work.
E) at the uniform velocity travel and combustion engine 1 efficient when higher at vehicle, first clutch 3 combinations of the first dual clutch transmission drive vehicle by combustion engine 1.According to the electrokinetic cell dump energy: can drive the generating of the first electrical motor by combustion engine 1 in conjunction with the second clutch 4 of the first dual clutch transmission, realize the electrokinetic cell energy equilibrium; Also second clutch 4, the first electrical motors of separable the first dual clutch transmission quit work, and reduce loss due to friction and the electromagnetism loss of the first electrical motor.
F) when car retardation travels or brakes, the first clutch 3 of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and disconnects transmission of power between combustion engine 1 and the second electrical motor, and the second electrical motor is to power battery charging.
G) when vehicle backing travels, the first clutch 3 of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and disconnects transmission of power between combustion engine 1 and the second electrical motor, and the second electrical motor works independently, and contrarotation drives vehicle.
Claims (9)
1. range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts dual clutch transmission, be comprised of combustion engine, the first electrical motor, the second electrical motor, two dual clutch transmissions and two cover change gear mechanisms, wherein the second dual clutch transmission can be used for gearshift; It is characterized in that: the bent axle of combustion engine is connected with the first dual clutch transmission housing; The first clutch of the first dual clutch transmission is connected with the second dual clutch transmission second clutch by transmission shaft; The second clutch of the first dual clutch transmission is connected with the first motor rotor; The second motor rotor is connected with the second dual clutch transmission housing by transmission shaft; By controlling separation or the combination of two power-transfer clutchs of the second dual clutch transmission, control respectively two cover change gear mechanism outputting powers, can realize two gears.
2. a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts dual clutch transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that described combustion engine is used for satisfying driving power that vehicle high-speed at the uniform velocity travels and the demand of electronic accessory horsepower.
3. a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts dual clutch transmission according to claim 1, the power that it is characterized in that described the first electrical motor are used for cranking internal combustion engine, and satisfy electrokinetic cell SOC balance and electronic annex power requirement.
4. a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts dual clutch transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described the second motor power (output) is determined by the car load dynamic property, by controlling the second dual clutch transmission and two cover change gear mechanisms, realize two gears, one grade is satisfied the max. climb slope requirement, and second gear satisfies the maximum speed requirement.
5. a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts dual clutch transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described the second motor rotor is connected with the second dual clutch transmission housing by transmission shaft, first clutch combination when the second dual clutch transmission, second clutch separates, power is by the output of first stud gear mechanism, and it is second gear that the transmitting ratio of first stud gear mechanism equals 1; When the first clutch separation of the second dual clutch transmission, the second clutch combination, power is by the output of second stud gear mechanism, and the transmitting ratio of second stud gear mechanism is one grade greater than 1.
6. a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts dual clutch transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described the second electrical motor can be by one grade and second gear transmitting ratio outputting power, combustion engine can only pass through second gear transmitting ratio outputting power.
7. a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts dual clutch transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described the first dual clutch transmission first clutch combination, carry out transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, the first dual clutch transmission first clutch separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and the second electrical motor; The first dual clutch transmission second clutch combination, carry out transmission of power between combustion engine and the first electrical motor, the first dual clutch transmission second clutch separates, transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and the first electrical motor, also can cancel the first dual clutch transmission second clutch, the first electrical motor becomes to be rigidly connected with the housing of the first dual clutch transmission.
8. a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts dual clutch transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that described power system comprises following mode of operation:
A) when cranking internal combustion engine, the first clutch of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and the second clutch combination of the first dual clutch transmission is by the first motor starting combustion engine;
B) when vehicle start, the first clutch of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, the independent forward drive of the second electrical motor, and power system is with electric-only mode work;
C) when low vehicle speeds or the efficiency of internal combustion engine were low, the first clutch of the first dual clutch transmission separated, and the second electrical motor drives separately vehicle;
According to the electrokinetic cell dump energy, can in conjunction with the second clutch of the first dual clutch transmission, by the generating of internal combustion engine drive the first electrical motor, realize that power system is with series model work;
D) when vehicle suddenly gives it the gun, the first clutch combination of the first dual clutch transmission, the second clutch of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and combustion engine and the second electrical motor drive vehicle simultaneously, and power system is with paralleling model work;
E) at the uniform velocity travel and efficiency of internal combustion engine when higher at vehicle, the first clutch combination of the first dual clutch transmission is by IC engine-powered vehicles; According to the electrokinetic cell dump energy: can in conjunction with the second clutch of the first dual clutch transmission, by the generating of internal combustion engine drive the first electrical motor, realize the electrokinetic cell energy equilibrium; The also second clutch of separable the first dual clutch transmission, the first electrical motor quits work, and reduces loss due to friction and the electromagnetism loss of the first electrical motor;
F) when car retardation travels or brakes, the first clutch of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and disconnects transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, and the second electrical motor is to power battery charging;
G) when vehicle backing travels, the first clutch of the first dual clutch transmission separates, and disconnects transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, and the second electrical motor works independently, and contrarotation drives vehicle.
9. a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts dual clutch transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described combustion engine, the first dual clutch transmission and the first electrical motor can cancel, power system is worked under electric-only mode always and is the pure electric vehicle power system.
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| CN107234964B (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2020-03-13 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | Hybrid power device |
| CN109986955A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Power driving system and vehicle |
| CN109986955B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2022-05-13 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Power driving system and vehicle |
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| CN102874107B (en) | 2015-12-30 |
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