CN102831034A - Multimode backup and quick recovery method based on embedded Linux device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-state backup and fast recovery method based on embedded device Linux, which can greatly shorten the time from power-on to expected working state of embedded Linux devices, generally within 5 seconds, and shorten the interruption of device work Time is very beneficial for embedded devices in complex environments; moreover, multiple state configuration options can be saved in advance for various application states, and restored to the desired state according to the specific situation when restoring, flexibly adapting to various on-site usage situations; and , the changes to embedded Linux are small, most of which are model abstraction to embedded Linux, independent programming, and only need to do a small number of Linux code patches, which is convenient for the method to be applied on various special-purpose embedded Linux devices; moreover, Various snapshot images are saved in a compressed format, which greatly reduces the resource requirements of Flash, and has no special requirements for CPU and memory.

Description

Multi-state Backup and Fast Recovery Method Based on Embedded Device Linux

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of computers, and in particular relates to a multi-state backup and fast recovery method based on embedded device Linux.

Background technique

Embedded equipment is mainly composed of embedded processors, related supporting hardware and embedded software systems. It is a device that integrates software and hardware and can work independently. Embedded software includes hardware-related underlying software, operating systems, graphical interfaces, communication protocols, database systems, and application software. Embedded Linux, as a main open source, free and powerful operating system, is widely used in many embedded devices. From the perspective of software, embedded devices have the characteristics of non-modification, low configuration, system professionalism and strong real-time performance. Therefore, for various special embedded devices, it is very meaningful to realize the general multi-state backup and fast recovery function to shorten the work interruption time, adapt to the complex work environment and improve the user experience.

Embedded Linux has the characteristics of open source code, safety and reliability, and customizable kernel. It is the first choice for many embedded device system platforms. However, due to the file-based architecture of Linux, it is difficult to fundamentally improve the problem of too long system startup time, and when the loading time of each application is included, it usually takes tens of seconds.

Contents of the invention

For overcoming above-mentioned defect, the present invention provides a kind of multi-state backup and fast recovery method based on embedded device Linux, greatly shorten the time of embedded Linux device from power-on to expected working state, generally within 5 seconds, Moreover, it shortens the interruption time of equipment work, which is very beneficial to embedded equipment in complex environments, solves the problem of long system startup time, and has the characteristics of short recovery time, good usability and low resource occupation.

For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of multi-state backup and fast recovery method based on embedded device Linux, comprising state backup process and fast recovery process, it is characterized in that, described state backup process comprises steps:

(101). Save the relevant working status under the application environment, convert it into an application information snapshot and an application function snapshot, compress and write it into the corresponding configuration option block in Flash;

(102). After exiting the application environment, save the working state of the device driver layer, convert it into a driver snapshot, compress and write it into Flash;

(103). Save the status information of the CPU and the operating environment of Linux, that is, form a kernel snapshot, and compress and write the kernel snapshot into Flash;

Wherein, the Flash includes Flash partition 0, Flash partition 1, Flash partition 2 and Flash partition 3.

The fast recovery process includes steps:

(201). Copy the FastRecover BIOS in the Flash to execute in memory;

(202). Decompress and analyze the kernel snapshot and driver snapshot in Flash, and initialize the corresponding CPU registers, memory and peripherals;

(203). Determine the configuration option number that needs to be loaded, decompress and parse the corresponding application information snapshot and application function snapshot in Flash to the designated memory;

(204). The control right of the embedded device is handed over to Linux, and the corresponding application information script and application function script are obtained and initialized sequentially.

In the preferred technical solution provided by the present invention, the step 101 includes the following steps:

(101-1). Use the script program to detect the current application status of the device, obtain kernel module information, process running information, disk mounting information and application configuration information, and integrate them into application information scripts;

(101-2). Converting the application information script into an application information snapshot format;

(101-3). Analyze the current register table of the main function device and the configuration register value of the relevant interface part of the device to form an application function script;

(101-4). Convert the application function script into the application function snapshot format;

(101-5). Compress and fill the application information snapshot and application function snapshot into the configuration option N block area of Flash partition 3. The choice of N is determined according to the rules of the multi-state selection strategy. So far, a certain state of the application is completely saved. In block N.

In the second preferred technical solution provided by the present invention, in the step 101-3, the main functional device is the multi-state storage object in the device, and the multi-state storage object includes: the switching chip of the industrial switch and the passive optical network Terminal PON chip.

In the third preferred technical solution provided by the present invention, in the step 101, use Perl scripting language to detect process running, module loading, disk mounting and application configuration in the application environment to obtain application information, record status information, and copy configuration files .

In the fourth preferred technical solution provided by the present invention, the step 102 includes the following steps:

(102-1). Kill the running application process, unload the mounted drive letter, and unload the loaded kernel module;

(102-2). Save the register values of each peripheral driver module and the register values of the relevant interfaces to form a driver register table;

(102-3). Convert the driver register table into a driver snapshot;

(102-4). Compress the driver snapshot and fill it into the Flash partition 2.

In the fifth preferred technical solution provided by the present invention, the step 103 includes the following steps:

(103-1). Save the status values of each register of the current CPU, obtain the data structure related to Linux operation in the memory and convert it into a memory table;

(103-2). Convert the register value and memory table into a kernel snapshot;

(103-3). Fill the compressed kernel snapshot into Flash partition 1.

In the sixth preferred technical solution provided by the present invention, the step 201 includes the following steps:

(201-1). When the system is powered on or restarted, first load the bootloader, and select whether to enter the FastRecover mode in the bootloader;

(201-2). Copy the FastRecoer BIOS in the Flash partition 0 to the memory and execute it;

Among them, FastRecoer BIOS has the functions of decompressing and restoring snapshots.

In the seventh preferred technical solution provided by the present invention, the step 202 includes the following steps:

(202-1). Decompress and parse the kernel snapshot in Flash partition 1, restore the corresponding CPU registers, Linux-related data structures in memory;

(202-2). Decompress and analyze the driver snapshot in Flash partition 2, restore the peripheral registers and related interface registers, and initialize the peripherals.

In the eighth preferred technical solution provided by the present invention, the step 203 includes the following steps:

(203-1). Determine the configuration option N value to be loaded according to the application-oriented multi-state selection strategy;

(203-2). Decompress and analyze the application information snapshot and application function snapshot in the configuration option block N in the Flash partition 3 to the designated memory area;

Among them, each N value corresponds to a different application state; the multi-state division is determined according to the specific application, including: multiple states corresponding to specific application strategies, that is, each state is suitable for an application strategy; distinguishing the state of full-speed or low-speed operation of the device ; and to distinguish the state of the device in power saving mode or normal mode.

In the ninth preferred technical solution provided by the present invention, the step 204 includes the following steps:

(204-1). The control right of the embedded device is handed over to the main program of the Linux kernel, and the application information script and application function script are obtained at the designated location of the memory;

(204-2). Mount the disk, load the module, execute the process and configure parameters according to the application information script;

(204-3). Initialize the corresponding main function device according to the application function script.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-state backup and fast recovery method based on embedded device Linux, which can greatly shorten the time for embedded Linux devices from power-on to expected working state, generally within 5 seconds , which shortens the interruption time of device work, which is very beneficial for embedded devices in complex environments; moreover, multiple state configuration options can be saved in advance for various application states, and restored to the desired state according to the specific situation when restoring, flexibly adapting to various On-the-spot use situation; Also, to embedded Linux change less, most are to the model abstraction of embedded Linux, independent programming, only need to do the Linux code patch of a small part, be convenient to this method in multiple special-purpose embedded Linux devices In addition, various snapshot images are saved in a compressed format, which greatly reduces the resource requirements of Flash, and has no special requirements for CPU and memory.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a general flowchart of a multi-state backup and fast recovery method based on embedded device Linux.

Figure 2 is an overall hierarchical diagram of method execution.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the state backup process.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the fast recovery process.

Detailed ways

A kind of multi-state backup and fast recovery method based on embedded device Linux as shown in Figure 1, 2, comprise state backup process and fast recovery process, described state backup process comprises steps:

Step 101: Save the relevant working status in the application environment, convert it into application information snapshot and application function snapshot, compress and write to the corresponding configuration option block in Flash.

Step 102: After exiting the application environment, save the working state of the device driver layer, convert it into a driver snapshot, compress and write it into Flash.

Step 103: saving the status information of the CPU and the operating environment of Linux, that is, forming a kernel snapshot, and compressing and writing the kernel snapshot into Flash.

The fast recovery process includes steps:

Step 201: Copy the FastRecover BIOS in the Flash to the memory for execution, and this program will lead the subsequent recovery process.

Step 202: Decompress and analyze the kernel snapshot and driver snapshot in Flash, and initialize corresponding CPU registers, memory, and peripherals.

Step 203: Determine the configuration option number to be loaded, decompress and parse the corresponding application information snapshot and application function snapshot in the Flash to the designated memory.

Step 204: The control right is handed over to Linux, and the corresponding application information script and application function script are obtained, and then initialized sequentially.

The acquisition of the application information in the step 101 is to use the Perl scripting language to detect conditions such as process running, module loading, disk mounting, and application configuration in the application environment, record status information, and copy configuration files.

The application function snapshot in the step 101 is for the state preservation of the main function device, that is, the main object of multi-state preservation of the equipment. The selection of the main function device is determined according to the specific situation. State preservation and recovery, so as to realize the backup of various switching configuration states, and of course, it can also save the combined state of multiple functional devices. The specific implementation is to use the Perl script to view the status of the function register, and use the pre-designed rules to convert it into a corresponding configuration script. This part of the content needs to be customized according to the application.

Exit the application environment in the step 102 to carry out subsequent state preservation work, that is, after killing the application process, unloading the disk, and unloading the module, so that the follow-up only needs to back up a minimum Linux system, thereby simplifying the device driver layer and the kernel layer state preservation, while making the configuration option preservation in claim 3 completely oriented to the application layer, so as to facilitate the realization of a multi-state selection strategy.

In the state backup step, the snapshot function and the compressed storage function are used in many places. These functions are all developed in C language and run directly under the Linux environment. According to different objects, the snapshot function has three types: script snapshot, register snapshot, and memory snapshot, which are realized by different types of data structures and algorithms. The compression and saving function is completed with the commonly used GZIP format.

In the step 201, FastRecover BIOS is developed with C language, and is an independently running program, which undertakes the work of recovering snapshots before Linux starts, and has functions such as decompression and parsing snapshots, which is the inverse operation of the functions described in claim 5 .

Among them, each N value corresponds to a different application state; the multi-state division is determined according to the specific application, including: multiple states corresponding to specific application strategies, that is, each state is suitable for an application strategy; distinguishing the state of full-speed or low-speed operation of the device ; and to distinguish the state of the device in power saving mode or normal mode.

The state backup process is further explained through the following embodiments.

As shown in Figure 3, the state backup process includes the following steps:

1. Use the script program to detect the current application status of the device, obtain kernel module information, process running information, disk mount information, and application configuration information, and integrate them into application information scripts.

2. Convert the application information script into an application information snapshot format.

3. Analyze the current register table of the main function device and the register values of related interfaces to form an application function script. The main functional device here is the main object of multi-state storage in the device.

4. Convert the application function script into the application function snapshot format.

5. Compress the application information snapshot and application function snapshot into the configuration option N block area of Flash partition 3. The choice of N is determined according to the rules of the multi-state selection strategy. So far, a certain state of the application is completely saved in the N block .

6. Kill the running application process, uninstall the mounted drive letter, and uninstall the loaded kernel module.

7. Save the register values of each peripheral driver module and the I register value of the relevant interface in this state to form a driver register table.

8. Convert the driver register table into a driver snapshot.

9. Compress the driver snapshot and fill it into Flash partition 2.

10. Save the status value of each register of the current CPU, obtain the data structure related to Linux operation in the memory and convert it into a memory table.

11. Convert the above register values and memory tables into a kernel snapshot.

12. Compress the kernel snapshot into Flash partition 1.

13. At this point, the status backup process is complete, and you can restart or shut down.

The fast recovery process is further explained by the following examples.

As shown in Figure 4, the fast recovery process includes steps:

1. When the system is powered on or restarted, first load the bootloader, and select whether to enter the FastRecover mode in the bootloader.

2. Copy the FastRecoer BIOS in Flash partition 0 to the memory, and execute FastRecoerBIOS in the memory. This program has the functions of decompression and snapshot restoration.

3. Decompress and analyze the kernel snapshot in Flash partition 1 to restore the corresponding CPU registers and Linux-related data structures in memory.

4. Decompress and analyze the driver snapshot in Flash partition 2 to restore peripheral registers and related interface registers, and initialize some necessary peripherals.

5. Determine the configuration option N value that needs to be loaded according to the state selection strategy.

6. Decompress and parse the application information snapshot and application function snapshot in the configuration option block N in Flash partition 3 to the designated memory area.

7. The control right is handed over to the Linux kernel main program Main, and the application information script and application function script are obtained at the specified location in the memory

8. Follow the application information script to mount disks, load modules, execute processes, and configure parameters.

9. According to the application function script, initialize the corresponding main function device to the specified working state.

10. At this point, the equipment is fully restored to the expected working state.

It should be declared that the contents and specific implementation methods of the present invention are intended to prove the practical application of the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications, equivalent replacements, or improvements under the inspiration of the spirit and principles of the present invention. But these changes or modifications are all within the protection scope of the pending application.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of multi-state backup and fast recovery method based on embedded device Linux, comprise state backup process and fast recovery process, it is characterized in that, described state backup process comprises steps: (101). Save the relevant working status under the application environment, convert it into an application information snapshot and an application function snapshot, compress and write it into the corresponding configuration option block in Flash; (102). After exiting the application environment, save the working state of the device driver layer, convert it into a driver snapshot, compress and write it into Flash; (103). Save the status information of the CPU and the operating environment of Linux, that is, form a kernel snapshot, and compress and write the kernel snapshot into Flash; Wherein, the Flash includes Flash partition 0, Flash partition 1, Flash partition 2 and Flash partition 3. The fast recovery process includes steps: (201). Copy the FastRecover BIOS in the Flash to execute in memory; (202). Decompress and analyze the kernel snapshot and driver snapshot in Flash, and initialize the corresponding CPU registers, memory and peripherals; (203). Determine the configuration option number that needs to be loaded, decompress and parse the corresponding application information snapshot and application function snapshot in Flash to the designated memory; (204). The control right of the embedded device is handed over to Linux, and the corresponding application information script and application function script are obtained and initialized sequentially. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step 101 comprises the following steps: (101-1). Use the script program to detect the current application status of the device, obtain kernel module information, process running information, disk mounting information and application configuration information, and integrate them into application information scripts; (101-2). Converting the application information script into an application information snapshot format; (101-3). Analyze the current register table of the main function device and the configuration register value of the relevant interface part of the device to form an application function script; (101-4). Convert the application function script into the application function snapshot format; (101-5). Compress and fill the application information snapshot and application function snapshot into the configuration option N block area of Flash partition 3. The choice of N is determined according to the rules of the multi-state selection strategy. So far, a certain state of the application is completely saved. In block N. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in the step 101-3, the main functional device is the multi-state storage object in the device, and the multi-state storage object includes: the switching chip of the industrial switch and the PON chips for passive optical network terminals. 4. The method according to claim 1-3, characterized in that, in the step 101, use the Perl scripting language to detect process operation, module loading, disk mounting and application configuration under the application environment to obtain application information and record status information, and copy the configuration file. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step 102 comprises the steps of: (102-1). Kill the running application process, unload the mounted drive letter, and unload the loaded kernel module; (102-2). Save the register values of each peripheral driver module and the register values of the relevant interfaces to form a driver register table; (102-3). Convert the driver register table into a driver snapshot; (102-4). Compress the driver snapshot and fill it into the Flash partition 2. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step 103 comprises the following steps: (103-1). Save the status values of each register of the current CPU, obtain the data structure related to Linux operation in the memory and convert it into a memory table; (103-2). Convert the register value and memory table into a kernel snapshot; (103-3). Fill the compressed kernel snapshot into Flash partition 1. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step 201 comprises the following steps: (201-1). When the system is powered on or restarted, first load the bootloader, and select whether to enter the FastRecover mode in the bootloader; (201-2). Copy the FastRecoer BIOS in the Flash partition 0 to the memory and execute it; Among them, FastRecoer BIOS has the functions of decompressing and restoring snapshots. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step 202 comprises the steps of: (202-1). Decompress and parse the kernel snapshot in Flash partition 1, restore the corresponding CPU registers, Linux-related data structures in memory; (202-2). Decompress and analyze the driver snapshot in Flash partition 2, restore the peripheral registers and related interface registers, and initialize the peripherals. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step 203 comprises the following steps: (203-1). Determine the configuration option N value to be loaded according to the application-oriented multi-state selection strategy; (203-2). Decompress and analyze the application information snapshot and application function snapshot in the configuration option block N in the Flash partition 3 to the designated memory area; Among them, each N value corresponds to a different application state; the multi-state division is determined according to the specific application, including: multiple states corresponding to specific application strategies, that is, each state is suitable for an application strategy; distinguishing the state of full-speed or low-speed operation of the device ; and to distinguish the state of the device in power saving mode or normal mode. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step 204 comprises the following steps: (204-1). The control right of the embedded device is handed over to the main program of the Linux kernel, and the application information script and application function script are obtained at the designated location of the memory; (204-2). Mount the disk, load the module, execute the process and configure parameters according to the application information script; (204-3). Initialize the corresponding main function device according to the application function script.

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