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CN102834984B - 电连接器系统 - Google Patents

电连接器系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102834984B
CN102834984B CN201180018306.4A CN201180018306A CN102834984B CN 102834984 B CN102834984 B CN 102834984B CN 201180018306 A CN201180018306 A CN 201180018306A CN 102834984 B CN102834984 B CN 102834984B
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electric connector
connector system
systems according
power
shielding
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CN102834984A (zh
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M·贡尔本
T·施维茵
托马斯·伯恩哈德·帕布斯特
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Delphi Technologies Inc
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FCI Automotive Holding SAS
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/648Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding  
    • H01R13/658High frequency shielding arrangements, e.g. against EMI [Electro-Magnetic Interference] or EMP [Electro-Magnetic Pulse]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/648Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding  
    • H01R13/658High frequency shielding arrangements, e.g. against EMI [Electro-Magnetic Interference] or EMP [Electro-Magnetic Pulse]
    • H01R13/6591Specific features or arrangements of connection of shield to conductive members
    • H01R13/6592Specific features or arrangements of connection of shield to conductive members the conductive member being a shielded cable
    • H01R13/6593Specific features or arrangements of connection of shield to conductive members the conductive member being a shielded cable the shield being composed of different pieces
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H01R13/701Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch the switch being actuated by an accessory, e.g. cover, locking member
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/30Preventing theft during charging
    • B60L2270/32Preventing theft during charging of electricity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/30Preventing theft during charging
    • B60L2270/34Preventing theft during charging of parts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/44Means for preventing access to live contacts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/46Bases; Cases
    • H01R13/52Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases
    • H01R13/5202Sealing means between parts of housing or between housing part and a wall, e.g. sealing rings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/46Bases; Cases
    • H01R13/52Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases
    • H01R13/5205Sealing means between cable and housing, e.g. grommet
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/46Bases; Cases
    • H01R13/53Bases or cases for heavy duty; Bases or cases for high voltage with means for preventing corona or arcing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/627Snap or like fastening
    • H01R13/6271Latching means integral with the housing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/639Additional means for holding or locking coupling parts together, after engagement, e.g. separate keylock, retainer strap
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12Electric charging stations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种电连接器系统。电连接器系统包括待配对至相应的对置连接器(30)的第一连接器(20),并且所述电连接器系统还适于连接至信号回路,该信号回路用于在接通时启用电源。作为一个安全特征,所述连接器系统还包括分配给所述第一连接器(20)的连接器位置确保(CPA)构件(10),该连接器位置确保构件是可移动的,由此如果第一连接器未正确地配对至对置连接器,则终点位置便不可到达。所述CPA构件适于在置于所述终点位置时与所述信号回路相互作用,从而启用所述电源。

Description

电连接器系统
技术领域
本发明涉及这样的电连接器系统,该电连接器系统具有附加的特征来提高连接过程的安全性,尤其提高与电弧相关的安全性。
背景技术
在大功率的应用中,在连接电源线的两个连接器配对或解开配对之前,通常需要关闭电源。实际上,当连接器被解开配对并且由此端子可能暴露时,使得电源端子不被供应大功率是更安全的。这还有助于在在连接器彼此靠近但尚未完全配对时避免可能产生的电弧,因为在配对和解开配对的过程中不可避免的会产生电弧。这样的电弧对于连接或断开电源线的人可能是危险的,此外电弧可能会损坏连接器。另外,由电弧可能诱发的高电压峰值能够损坏连接在电源系统上的电气设备。因此,在例如在大功率系统上作业之前,通常需要手动切断大功率。这样导致危险产生,因为如果在例如未经培训的人参与或在可能需要快速断开连接的意外情况中,很容易忘记手动切断。因此,在现有技术中已经开发了多种技术方案来提供各种方式在电源连接器例如仅处在预配对的位置时自动切断电源供应。
美国专利US 5,751,135描述了上述方案的一个实例。该文献提出了一种用于电动交通工具的充电连接器装置,该充电连接器装置包括安全机构,以避免在该充电连接器装置与交通工具的电源插头连接时产生危险的电弧。首先,当充电装置和电源插头尚未完全安装时,安全杆压住微型开关,该微型开关关闭主电源。然后,当两个元件正确配对时,安全杆释放微型开关从而接通电源。在将充电装置和电源插头断开的过程中,用相同的机构关闭电源。
此外,在现有技术中已知由连接器位置确保(CPA)构件来保证两个连接器彼此正确地机械耦合。这些构件通常具有下述功能中的一种或多种。首先,它们为连接器提供了机械辅助锁定系统,其中通常当电连接器完全配对时,CPA构件仅能够在锁定位置内移动。在所述锁定位置,两个连接器机械地锁定在一起。其次,CPA构件用作正确安装与否的视觉检测装置。为此,CPA构件被构造成从视觉上能够区别CPA构件是否完全移到所述锁定位置。借助于这个功能,通过简单地查看CPA构件,技术人员能够容易地判断大功率连接的状态。
另外,许多大功率应用需要对电源线进行电磁屏蔽。尤其是在混合交通工具或电动交通工具的情况下,不中断地建立例如从电源到功耗设备的电磁屏蔽连续性可能是重要的。如果大功率线路包括连接器,这种连续的电磁屏蔽是有问题的,因为在连接器中安装电缆是需要剥皮的。因此,电磁电缆屏蔽必须桥接连接器。在现有技术中,通常围绕端子、电源线和壳体部件的整个布置安装屏蔽桥,或者壳体本身由导电材料制成或壳体包括导电材料制成的衬料用作屏蔽桥。不幸地是,在这些情况下,需要在屏蔽桥中设置开口以使得CPA构件起作用,因为它需要与连接器的部件相互作用。这是因为需要提供紧凑连接器系统的结果,提供紧凑的连接器系统对于大多数应用来说是不可避免的。要不然,可以在包括有屏蔽桥的连接器组件周围构造更复杂的CPA布置,这导致相当大的和昂贵的连接器系统。对电磁屏蔽的这种需求与CPA构件的需求相结合,提出了提供新的电连接器系统的问题。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种新的电连接器系统,该新的电连接器系统解决了或减小了上述问题中的至少一个问题。本发明的另一个目的是提供一个带有电气安全系统的电连接器系统,该电气安全系统确保仅在连接器正确配对的情况下电流才通过连接器。本发明的又一目的是使用易于制造和装配的价廉的产品来解决上述问题。
这些和其他目的在阅读下面的描述后会变得很明了,通过根据第一方面所述的连接器系统来解决这些目的和其他目的。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种新的电连接器系统(下文称为“系统”),其尤其适合在大功率应用中使用,例如至少1.5KW的功率。该新的系统包括适于与相应的对置连接器配对的第一连接器,并且所述系统适于与信号回路连接,该信号回路例如可以是电路。另外,所述系统包括一个可移动的连接器位置确保(CPA)构件。仅当第一连接器正确地与对置连接器配对时,CPA构件才能够移动到终点位置。当位于终点位置或最终位置时,CPA构件与信号回路相互作用,该信号回路从而启用电源。该电源提供通过所述系统传输的电功率。CPA构件和信号回路的这种相互作用可以是,例如接通或断开电路,这例如通过借助于例如短路夹来连接或断开两个触头来实现。随后的电源的启用可以是例如在信号回路连接至例如电源的开关时直接实现的;或者是在信号回路连接至例如适合的控制单元的情况下来间接实现的。在这种情况下,信号回路可以连接至控制装置,该控制装置检测信号回路是接通还是关闭并且通过发送信号到例如另一电子设备来做出反应,该另一电子设备通过启用电功率来对该信号做出反应。需要着重注意的是,将CPA构件从锁定位置移出会致使与信号回路进行相反的相互作用,这则阻止了电源的启用。也就是说,如果相互作用例如通过利用上述的短路夹将两个触头连接起来以闭合信号回路来实现,那么将CPA构件从锁定位置移出则导致所述触头断开,从而开放信号回路。在这种情况下,上述控制装置检测到信号回路的开放并且通过发送不同的信号做出反应,该不同的信号现在告知上述另一装置禁用电源。总之,CPA构件、信号回路和电源的这一相互影响确保了仅仅在连接器正确配对的条件下,主电源才通过该系统传输。因此,提供了一种安全的系统,该安全的系统避免了在大功率线路的连接器在大功率接通的情况下相互靠近时会出现的例如上述危险的电弧。
在一个优选的实施方式中,CPA构件还以机械方式锁定第一连接器和对置连接器的正确的配对位置。因此,CPA构件通过例如对用于两个连接器在第一位置的正确配对的初级锁定系统进行限制,能够例如提供辅助锁定系统。以这种方式,如果CPA构件处于其锁定位置,连接器就不能够解开配对。因此,提供了一种附加的安全系统,该安全系统在主电源接通时阻止两个连接器的断开。为了物理地断开两个连接器,CPA构件不可避免的必须移出其锁定位置,由此自动地关闭主电源。然后两个连接器能够安全地解开配对。
优选地,电连接器系统包括适于开关信号回路的开关装置,CPA构件适于与该开关装置以物理方式相互作用。如果信号回路以例如电路形式实现,开关装置可以是例如电气开关。CPA构件可以例如通过在移到锁定位置时挤压开关而与该开关相互作用。于是,该开关接通或断开电路,这导致上述电源接通。
在另一不同实施方式中,开关装置可以以两个电触头的方式实现,该两个电触头在相接触时闭合信号回路。这可以例如通过被弯成U-型形式的两个金属导线实现,U-型导线的弯曲部通过弹簧力彼此压靠,因此建立了闭合信号回路的电连接。在这种情况下,CPA构件可以是电绝缘舌片(electrically isolated tongue),可以在两个导线之间移动,从而断开电连接而开放信号回路。另一实施方式以相反地使用相同的元件示例性地给出。在这种情况下,两个U-型导线起初是断开的。当CPA构件位于其终点位置时,移动一条导线或两条导线都移动,从而将两者挤压成电接触而闭合信号回路。在另外一个实施方式中,开关装置以可变电阻器的形式实现。在这种情况下,CPA构件适于与可变电阻器相互作用,改变信号回路的电阻。在与二级电源连接的闭合电路的示例性情况下,该电阻的变化导致了电流的变化。在这种实施方式中,可以通过例如减小电阻来实现更高的电流,以启用开关机构。在另外的实施方式中,信号回路包括两个电触头并且CPA构件包括短路夹以在CPA构件正确地插到其终点位置时连接两个电触头。因此,信号回路初始是开放的并且通过CPA闭合。
优选地,所述电连接器系统包括至少一个被电磁屏蔽的导体和至少一个电磁屏蔽元件。所述导体可以是例如带有电磁屏蔽的电源电缆、绝缘电缆护套和导线索(wirestrands)。电磁屏蔽元件可以例如在装配状态下使得电缆屏蔽在所述系统中连续。优选地,电磁屏蔽元件主要以套的形式实现。电缆可以例如装备有待被连接到其它电缆的接触端子。屏蔽套可以例如在连接器壳体内安装在接触端子上,而CPA构件和信号回路优选地安装在所述套的外部。在一个优选实施方式中,电磁屏蔽套电连接至电缆屏蔽,无需任何单独的接触弹簧元件(如EP 2 109 201 A2中所述)。这可以例如通过将所述屏蔽套的一部分压接到电缆的暴露电缆屏蔽的剥皮部分上来实现,因此使得这两个元件电接触。
优选地,所述电磁屏蔽套提供在10KHz–5MHz的范围内大于40dB,优选地大于55dB,最优选大于70dB的电磁屏蔽;以及在5MHz–500MHz的范围内大于40dB,优选大于55dB,最优选大于65dB的电磁屏蔽。另外,所述电连接器系统还适于传输大于10A,优选大于25A,最优选大于50A的电流。在所有的实施方式中,优选地所述电连接器系统适于安全地传输大于1.5KW,优选大于10KW,再优选大于20KW,更优选大于30KW,更加优选大于40KW和最优选大于50KW的功率。明显地,功率和电流的值取决于预期的应用。
在一个优选的实施方式中,所述电连接器系统包括密封元件,该密封元件适于在已装配状态下密封电连接器系统以阻挡湿气。在一个优选的实施方式中,所述电连接器系统还包括连接器壳体,该连接器壳体适于与对置连接器的相应的对置连接器壳体装配在一起。优选地,所述连接器壳体借助于柔性闩锁臂锁定至相应的对置连接器壳体。在一个优选的实施方式中,CPA构件包括锁定面,该锁定面在配对状态下阻止所述闩锁臂移动,因此阻挡了闩锁臂的位置。由于所述锁定机构(该锁定机构的一个实例在附图中详细示出),只要CPA构件位于其终点位置,连接器壳体就不能被断开。
本发明还涉及一种如上所述的用于大功率应用的电连接器系统,该电连接器系统包括对置连接器和信号回路。
具体实施方式
在下文中参考来示例性地描述本发明,在附图中:
图1是根据本发明的连接器系统的示意图;
图2是示出了与相应的对置连接器30的各部分相装配的第一连接器20的优选实施方式的立体图和部分切除的视图;
图3A和图3B示出了图2的布置的细节;
图4是示出了电连接器系统的连接元件的截面图;
图5图示了相应的对置连接器30的一个优选实施方式的装配;以及
图6是示例性信号回路的示意图。
图1是示出了电连接器系统的示意图,该电连接器系统包括第一连接器20和CPA构件10。在图中,上方的图示示出了分解图,下方的图示示出了处于已装配状态下的各部分。示例性的两条电源电缆40分别与相应的母接触端子43连接。这些母接触端子43在已装配状态下被插到绝缘管48中,该绝缘管48在已装配状态下局部插到屏蔽套44中。图中示出了接触弹簧构件45,该接触弹簧构件在装配时被插到屏蔽套44中,与绝缘管48相邻地插到电缆40的剥皮部分上,以便于在电缆屏蔽46和屏蔽套44之间建立电连接。因此在连接器组件上,母接触端子43分别实现了屏蔽的连续性。另外,示出了连接器壳体22,该连接器壳体在已装配状态下容纳所述的各部件。壳体22包括闩锁翼25,该闩锁翼的功能在下文中关于图3A和3B介绍。可以使用盖子21从电缆侧将壳体22封闭。由此,盖子21将两个密封环42挤压在连接器壳体22内部的相应的密封面(图中不可见)上。密封环42安装到电缆40上,在已装配状态下它们用于密封第一连接器20来阻挡来自电缆侧的湿气。类似地,紧固件24将另外的密封元件23挤压在相应的密封面上,以便于在已装配状态下连接器壳体也密封起来以阻挡相反侧的湿气。
CPA构件10包括短路夹14、支撑部分13、CPA密封环12和CPA开关11,它们的功能将在下面进行描述。
图2示出了处于完全与相应的对置连接器30配对的状态(图5中显示了对置连接器30更多的细节)下的已装配的第一连接器20。在附图中为了便于说明,切除了连接器20和30的多个部分,以使得内部的部件可见。可以看出,对置连接器30的公接触端子32局部插到母接触端子43中。图中显示了信号回路的另外两条信号电缆15,该两条信号电缆包括接触端16。在实际的实现形式中,这些信号电缆是信号回路的一部分,所述信号回路即与由电缆40建立的实际电源电路分开并进一步与例如电气控制单元连接以启用、相应地停用电源的指定电路。在图中,接触端16通过短路夹14进行电接触(在图中仅前景的接触端能够完全看到)。短路夹14安装在支撑部分13上,该支撑部分又安装在CPA开关11上。在此附图中,CPA开关11完全插到它的最终位置,由此锁定面17从下方挤压闩锁臂25的端部,从而将该闩锁臂25阻挡在所示位置。在图3A和3B中更详细地示出了锁定杆25的功能。
图3A和3B从不同的视角显示了图2中的组件的细节图。两幅图图示了CPA开关11的功能。在图3A中,CPA构件10尚未处于它的最终位置,因此可以看到在锁定杆25和CPA开关11之间的间隙。从该图中,普通技术人员可知,在装配过程中,当对置连接器壳体36插入到连接器壳体22中时,锁定突起部35挤压闩锁臂25的左部直到向下卡合,此时锁定间隙26装配在锁定突起35上。仅仅当CPA构件尚未处于其最终位置时,闩锁臂25的这种运动才可能发生。当CPA构件处于其最终位置时,CPA构件10的锁定面17位于闩锁臂25的右部的下方,从而不能再挤压闩锁臂的右部,因此不再能从锁定突起部35将锁定间隙26解锁。从图中可知,在这种情况下,对置连接器壳体36和连接器壳体22通过固定元件26和35锁定在一起。
在图3A中,CPA构件10未处于其最终位置并且短路夹没有与接触端16电接触。可以看出,只有当完全插入时,如图3B所示,短路夹14才与信号电缆的接触端16接触,从而闭合信号回路。只有当所述CPA处于它的终端关闭位置时,电源才被启用。相应地,仅当CPA将被打开时,电源才将被停用。当电源仍然被启用时,将不能够将连接器组件解除配对。在图3A和3B中,不仅可以看到在图1的相关内容中所描述的密封元件23的一部分,还可以进一步看到被压在支撑臂13和连接器壳体22的表面之间的CPA密封件12的部分。
在连接器系统的所示实施方式中,信号电缆15安装在对置连接器30上。然而,普通技术人员将会了解这两条电缆15还可以安装到第一连接器20上,仍能实现同样的功能。
图4示出了图2中的连接器布置的各内部部分的截面图,尤其是示出了电源电缆40,公接触端子32和母接触端子43的横截面图。母接触端子43压接在电源电缆40的端部。公接触端子32局部插到被安装在绝缘管48内的母接触端子43中。公接触端子32进一步安装在绝缘构件33上。这两个接触端子的装配通过分配给公端子的屏蔽元件34和分配给母端子43的屏蔽套44′被电磁屏蔽。屏蔽套44′类似于上述的图1中的屏蔽套44;然而,屏蔽套44′包括削弱部分47,该削弱部分47用于不使用上述的接触弹簧构件45而在屏蔽套44′和电缆屏蔽46之间建立电接触。在图4的实施方式中,是通过向内收缩屏蔽套44′的削弱部分47,直到它与电缆屏蔽46接触,来建立电接触。从图中可看出,削弱部分47是通过向屏蔽套44′内切槽而实现的,这些槽大体上与屏蔽套44′的轴线平行地取向。由于削弱部分47与电缆屏蔽46的电接触,这两个电连接的屏蔽构件34和44′在连接器系统的电缆线40被剥皮的区域为电缆屏蔽提供了屏蔽连续性。
图5显示了对置连接器30的另一示意图。该图的上部示出了对置连接器30的未装配的各单个部件,而该图的下部从两个不同视角示出了已装配状态。公接触端子32安装在绝缘构件33内,该绝缘构件又安装在屏蔽元件34内。然后,屏蔽元件34被安装在对置连接器壳体36内。该图中进一步示出了信号回路的两条信号电缆15,该信号电缆包括接触端16。对置连接器30还包括密封O型环31。密封O型环31适于被压在安装该对置连接器的另一部件的相应表面上。
图6是示例性信号回路的示意图。两个信号电缆15进入电采集单元51。该电采集单元51能够检测信号电缆15是否处于电接触中。如果信号电缆15的接触状态改变,电采集单元51则向开关单元53发送相应的信号。该开关单元53对该信号做出反应,断开或闭合在其中一个电源电缆40中示例性结合的开关。如果被闭合,则电源52(例如可以是电动车的电池)向消耗装置54(可以是电动车的发动机)提供电功率。

Claims (34)

1.一种电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统还适于连接至指定的信号回路,该信号回路用于在接通时启用电源,所述电连接器系统包括:
待配对至相应的对置连接器(30)的第一连接器(20);
至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)和至少一个被电磁屏蔽的导体(40),所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)适于在装配状态下为所述至少一个被电磁屏蔽的导体(40)在整个所述电连接器系统中建立屏蔽连续性;以及
分配给所述第一连接器(20)的可移动的连接器位置确保构件,即CPA构件(10),由此在所述第一连接器未与所述对置连接器正确配对时,终点位置是不能到达的,由此所述CPA构件在被置于所述终点位置时与所述信号回路相互作用,以启用所述电源,
其特征在于,所述电连接器系统包括适于密封所述电连接器系统以阻挡湿气的密封元件(12,23,42),当所述第一连接器与所述对置连接器配对时,所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)完全位于所述电连接器系统的被密封区域中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器系统,该电连接器系统包括适于开关所述信号回路的开关装置(14,16),所述CPA构件适于与所述开关装置(14,16)以物理方式进行相互作用。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电连接器系统,其中所述开关装置(14,16)包括下列中的一个或多个:
微型开关;
集成在所述信号回路中的两个电触头,所述两个电触头在彼此电接触时闭合所述信号回路;
可变电阻器。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电连接器系统,其中,该电连接器系统还包括所述对置连接器(30)和所述信号回路,所述信号回路包括两个电触头(16);并且其中,所述CPA构件包括短路夹(14),所述短路夹适于将所述两个电触头(16)连接起来,从而接通所述信号回路。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器系统,其中所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)以套的形式实现,所述CPA构件(10)和所述信号回路布置在所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)的外部。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电连接器系统,其中所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)适于电连接至所述至少一个被电磁屏蔽的导体(40)的屏蔽(46),而无需任何单独的接触弹簧构件(45)。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的电连接器系统,其中所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)在装配状态下提供屏蔽连续性,所述屏蔽连续性适于在所述电连接器系统上提供在10KHz-5MHz的范围内大于40dB;并且在5MHz–500MHz的范围内大于40dB。
8.根据权利要求5或6所述的电连接器系统,其中所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)在装配状态下提供屏蔽连续性,所述屏蔽连续性适于在所述电连接器系统上提供在10KHz-5MHz的范围内大于40dB;并且在5MHz–500MHz的范围内大于55dB的屏蔽。
9.根据权利要求5或6所述的电连接器系统,其中所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)在装配状态下提供屏蔽连续性,所述屏蔽连续性适于在所述电连接器系统上提供在10KHz-5MHz的范围内大于40dB;并且在5MHz–500MHz的范围内大于65dB的屏蔽。
10.根据权利要求5或6所述的电连接器系统,其中所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)在装配状态下提供屏蔽连续性,所述屏蔽连续性适于在所述电连接器系统上提供在10KHz-5MHz的范围内大于55dB;并且在5MHz–500MHz的范围内大于40dB的屏蔽。
11.根据权利要求5或6所述的电连接器系统,其中所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)在装配状态下提供屏蔽连续性,所述屏蔽连续性适于在所述电连接器系统上提供在10KHz-5MHz的范围内大于55dB;并且在5MHz–500MHz的范围内大于55dB的屏蔽。
12.根据权利要求5或6所述的电连接器系统,其中所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)在装配状态下提供屏蔽连续性,所述屏蔽连续性适于在所述电连接器系统上提供在10KHz-5MHz的范围内大于55dB;并且在5MHz–500MHz的范围内大于65dB的屏蔽。
13.根据权利要求5或6所述的电连接器系统,其中所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)在装配状态下提供屏蔽连续性,所述屏蔽连续性适于在所述电连接器系统上提供在10KHz-5MHz的范围内大于70dB;并且在5MHz–500MHz的范围内大于40dB的屏蔽。
14.根据权利要求5或6所述的电连接器系统,其中所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)在装配状态下提供屏蔽连续性,所述屏蔽连续性适于在所述电连接器系统上提供在10KHz-5MHz的范围内大于70dB;并且在5MHz–500MHz的范围内大于55dB的屏蔽。
15.根据权利要求5或6所述的电连接器系统,其中所述至少一个电磁屏蔽元件(44)在装配状态下提供屏蔽连续性,所述屏蔽连续性适于在所述电连接器系统上提供在10KHz-5MHz的范围内大于70dB;并且在5MHz–500MHz的范围内大于65dB的屏蔽。
16.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于10A的电流和/或传输大于1.5KW的功率。
17.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于10A的电流和/或传输大于10KW的功率。
18.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于10A的电流和/或传输大于20KW的功率。
19.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于10A的电流和/或传输大于30KW的功率。
20.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于10A的电流和/或传输大于40KW的功率。
21.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于10A的电流和/或传输大于50KW的功率。
22.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于25A的电流和/或传输大于1.5KW的功率。
23.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于25A的电流和/或传输大于10KW的功率。
24.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于25A的电流和/或传输大于20KW的功率。
25.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于25A的电流和/或传输大于30KW的功率。
26.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于25A的电流和/或传输大于40KW的功率。
27.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于25A的电流和/或传输大于50KW的功率。
28.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于50A的电流和/或传输大于1.5KW的功率。
29.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于50A的电流和/或传输大于10KW的功率。
30.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于50A的电流和/或传输大于20KW的功率。
31.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于50A的电流和/或传输大于30KW的功率。
32.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于50A的电流和/或传输大于40KW的功率。
33.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电连接器系统,所述电连接器系统适于传输大于50A的电流和/或传输大于50KW的功率。
34.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器系统,该电连接器系统用于涉及电功率至少为1.5KW的大功率的应用。
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