CN102815210B - Composite-material automobile transmission shaft formed by pulling, squeezing and winding and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite-material automobile transmission shaft formed by pulling, squeezing and winding and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102815210B CN102815210B CN201210316390.4A CN201210316390A CN102815210B CN 102815210 B CN102815210 B CN 102815210B CN 201210316390 A CN201210316390 A CN 201210316390A CN 102815210 B CN102815210 B CN 102815210B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of a composite material, and relates to a composite-material automobile transmission shaft formed by pulling, squeezing and winding and a preparation method thereof. The composite-material automobile transmission shaft comprises a shaft pipe (1), metal connection pieces (2) and a glue layer (3), wherein the shaft pipe (1) sequentially comprises a pipe body (4), a lug boss (5) and a fabric reinforcing layer (6) from outside to inside; and the both ends of the shaft pipe (1) are connected with the metal connection pieces (2) through the glue layer (3) and the lug boss (5) in a spline connection and glued connection combined manner. The reasonable composite-material automobile transmission shaft is implemented according to a pulling, squeezing and winding process, the lug boss made of a composite material formed by pulling and squeezing is arranged on the inner side of the automobile transmission shaft along the axial direction of the entire shaft pipe, and at the connection part, the shaft pipe and each metal connection piece are connected with each other in the spline connection and glued connection combined manner, so that the connection strength is enhanced, and the automobile transmission shaft can be reliable for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of compound material, relate to a kind of pultrusion winding molding compound material propeller-shaft and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Propeller-shaft is the driving device connecting change-speed box and drive axle.Generally, when the length of conventional metal drive shafts is more than 1 meter, in order to avoid producing resonance effect because critical speed is low, often transmission shaft need be divided into two sections.Manufacture this type of transmission shaft with composite material, two sections of transmission shafts can be simplified to single-piece, not only reduce axle weight, and deducted center support and corresponding connection, packing element, effectively reduce the total weight of driving system.
Current composite material automobile transmission shaft is mainly by the shaping fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material of definite-length-winding process.Because fiber reinforced composite have anisotropy, rational Design and manufacture need be carried out to central siphon, make composite material transmission shaft meet the requirements such as torsional strength, critical speed and Critical Buckling.Though definite-length-winding process can need according to the load of structure, arrange reinforcing material along optimum orientation, but axially lay longitudinal fiber (i.e. 0 ° of fiber) comparatively difficulty along goods.And 0 ° of fibrolaminar setting in direction has vital function for the bending stiffness improving transmission shaft.
On the other hand, the connection of composite material central siphon and attachment hardware is the part of outbalance in whole transmission shaft structure, and its reliability is related to the antitorque of composite material transmission shaft and long-term behaviour.Therefore, need a kind of rationally failure-free composite material automobile transmission shaft connecting structure, make composite material transmission shaft energy smooth transfer load in long-term work situation.In axle tube structure, current composite material automobile transmission shaft mostly is the smooth pipe of inwall without boss.And take as pure splicing or mechanical connection-splicing Hybrid connections mode connect.Wherein be mechanically connected and mainly comprise pin connection, bolt connection, pin key connection etc.Because composite material transmission shaft is thin-walled tubular structure, tube wall carries out perforate connection can cause fibre cutting, and easily introduces Interlaminar Crack, causes long-term behaviour problem.
In manufacturing process, composite material automobile transmission shaft forming process and assembly method for its in working order under performance also have larger impact, need a kind of rationally efficient automated manufacturing method, make composite material transmission shaft have stable Forming Quality, and meet batch production requirements.The automated production mode of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials thin-wall member is mainly winding process and pultrude process.Wherein, the production of definite-length-winding process is noncontinuity, and production efficiency is not high; And though pultrude process is very suitable for production 0 ° of fibre-reinforced composite material in direction, be difficult to the accurate lay realizing not 0 deg fiber, be unfavorable for the manufacture to the composite material automobile transmission shaft that lateral performance and other performances have higher requirements.
And Procedure of Pull-winding For Composite Material comprises pultrusion and is wound around two operations, can manufacture goods lateral performance and other performances being had to particular/special requirement, as the bar class formation part of: minor diameter, pipe or girder construction part.Composite material automobile transmission shaft has operating needs for aspects such as torsional strength, critical speed and Critical Bucklings, to this, needs the laying containing different angles to meet the demand of different aspect in compound material laying Rotating fields.Pultrusion winding process, in conjunction with pultrusion and Wrapping formed feature, can mold the composite plys containing different laying angle, can ensure the conformability of Forming Quality, on the other hand, pultrusion winding process is produced has continuity, and production efficiency is higher, is suitable for Quantity production.
When taking pultrusion winding process, the common mode of production is wound around after first pultrusion, and namely first pultrusion goes out inside composite material automobile transmission shaft, then the component gone out in pultrusion is wound around other direction layings.For the feature of pultrusion winding process, the present invention proposes the scheme of laying the composite material boss of pultrusion inside composite material central siphon, and composite material boss is axially laid along whole composite material transmission shaft, forms a kind of central siphon inside structure of uniqueness.At coupling end, can provide the mode of spline joint, meanwhile, the composite material boss axially laid can improve axial stiffness, improves critical speed further thus.
Gluedd joint by adhesive between composite material central siphon and attachment hardware, coordinate with composite material boss, form the form of spline-splicing Hybrid connections, such Hybrid connections mode can strengthen load-carrying capacity and the long-term reliability of coupling end.Containing fabric enhancement layer between composite material central siphon and attachment hardware, can interlaminar failure be prevented, improve Joint strenght simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the defect for overcoming prior art and a kind of composite material automobile transmission shaft and preparation method thereof is provided.
Composite material automobile transmission shaft of the present invention adopts the manufacture of pultrusion winding process, can make on the one hand fiber along transmission shafts to (namely hereinafter described 0 degree of direction) or with transmission shafts to angled laying, meet transmission shaft in torsional strength, the operating needs of the aspect such as critical speed and Critical Buckling, on the other hand, the conformability of High-efficient Production and end product quality can be ensured; The spline be made up of inboard wall of tube body boss-splicing Hybrid connections mode can meet the requirement of self-propelled vehicle Long-Time Service in load-carrying capacity and fatigue property.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of composite material automobile transmission shaft, comprise central siphon, attachment hardware and glue-line, described central siphon includes body, boss and fabric enhancement layer from outside to inside successively; The both sides of described central siphon are passed through glue-line and are spline joint-splicing Hybrid connections between boss and attachment hardware.
The described glue-line shaft tube inner wall glue-line that to be central siphon applied by its inwall mates to glue together with the attachment hardware outer wall glue-line that attachment hardware outer wall applies and is formed;
The material of described attachment hardware is steel or aluminum alloy.
Described central siphon adopts the manufacture of pultrusion winding shaping process, and its fiber volume fraction is more than or equal to 60%.
The direction of described boss distribution is parallel with the axis of central siphon, and boss hoop is distributed between fabric enhancement layer and body discontinuously;
The ply sequence of described boss is axial laying;
In described body, the ply sequence of fortifying fibre ecto-entad is followed successively by hoop laying, intersection laying and axial laying; This ply sequence simultaneously containing hoop laying, intersection laying and axial laying can meet the requirement of the aspects such as critical speed, torsional strength and Critical Buckling.
The material of described boss is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite;
The angle of described hoop laying is 80 degree to 90 degree; Described intersection laying angle is 30 degree to 60 degree; The angle of described axial laying is 0 degree, and wherein above-mentioned each laying is being 0 degree of direction along shaft tube axis direction;
Fortifying fibre in described body is same fiber or assorted fibre;
When taking same fiber enhanced form, the material of body is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite; When taking assorted fibre enhanced form, in body, the material of hoop laying and axial laying is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite, and the laminated material that intersects is fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites.
The axial laying of described body is shaping by pultrude process, and it is shaping that intersection laying and hoop laying pass through winding process;
Described boss takes shape in inside central siphon along whole central siphon by pultrude process, and its laying is axial laying.Boss can improve the axial stiffness of central siphon, and improve composite material automobile critical speed of drive shaft further, on the other hand, boss and the fabric enhancement layer covered outward thereof can form the structure of spline key tooth, and match with attachment hardware, forms the form of spline joint.
The laying of described fabric enhancement layer is two-way or multidirectional laying; When adopting two-way laying, paving mode is that ± 45 degree of intersections are laid; When adopting multidirectional laying, paving mode is similarly to intersect and lays, and laying quantity is 2 ~ 6 layers, and laying angle is 30 degree ~ 60 degree.Fabric enhancement layer can improve Joint strenght and prevent interlaminar failure.
A preparation method for above-mentioned composite material automobile transmission shaft, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) pultrusion is wound around out one section of central siphon, is blocked by this central siphon;
(2) shaft tube inner wall is smeared to the shaft tube inner wall glue-line of adhesive formation, smear adhesive at the outer wall of attachment hardware and form attachment hardware outer wall glue-line;
(3) the shaft tube inner wall glue-line that shaft tube inner wall applies is carried out gummed with the attachment hardware outer wall glue-line that attachment hardware outer wall applies to be connected, form glue-line, obtain pultrusion winding molding compound material propeller-shaft.
Described adhesive is flexibilizing epoxy adhesive, and shearing strength value during room temperature is greater than 30MPa, and after hydrothermal aging, shearing strength value is greater than 25MPa.
The pultrusion winding, molding method of described step (1) central siphon, comprises the following steps:
A (), with the one-body molded central siphon internal layer of pultrusion method, includes the axial laying of fabric enhancement layer, boss and body innermost layer;
(b) with the obtained central siphon internal layer of step (a) for core, the intersection laying of Wrapping formed central siphon and hoop laying;
C material obtained for step (b) cutting is obtained central siphon by ().
The composite material automobile transmission shaft that described pultrusion is Wrapping formed, takes the type of attachment of spline joint-splicing in fitting process.Central siphon containing boss is connected by glue-line with between attachment hardware, forms the connection mode of spline joint-splicing Hybrid connections.
Shaft tube inner wall glue-line on shaft tube inner wall and the attachment hardware outer wall glue-line on attachment hardware outer wall glue together and are formed with glue-line, carry out fit splicing.
By taking technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Take pultrusion winding process, composite material automobile transmission shaft can contain 0 degree of fibrage, and Forming Quality has conformability, meanwhile, has benefited from the efficient mode of production, and pultrusion winding molding compound material propeller-shaft has the ability dropping into batch manufacturing.On the other hand, a kind of reasonably composite material automobile transmission shaft is provided according to pultrusion winding process, molded through pultrusion of composite material boss is contained along the axis of whole composite material central siphon inside it, at connecting bridge, the mode of spline joint can be provided, meanwhile, owing to adding composite shaft pipe axial stiffness, composite material boss can increase composite material automobile critical speed of drive shaft further.Composite material central siphon and attachment hardware form the form of spline joint-splicing Hybrid connections, enhance Joint strenght, and have long-term reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the composite material automobile transmission shaft integral structure figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the assembly drowing of composite material automobile transmission shaft one end of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the composite material automobile transmission shaft connecting bridge cross sectional drawing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that the composite material automobile transmission shaft connecting bridge of the embodiment of the present invention faces detail view.
Fig. 5 is the laying figure of the central siphon of the embodiment of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing marks:
1 central siphon, 2 attachments hardware,
31 shaft tube inner wall glue-lines, 32 attachment hardware outer wall glue-lines,
3 glue-line 4 bodys,
5 boss, 6 fabric enhancement layers,
7 hoop layings, 8 intersection layings,
The axial laying of 9 bodys, the axial laying of 10 boss,
11 two-way or multidirectional layings.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
A kind of composite material automobile transmission shaft, as shown in Figure 1, comprise central siphon 1, attachment hardware 2 and glue-line 3, its central siphon 1 includes body 4, boss 5 and fabric enhancement layer 6 from outside to inside successively; The both sides of central siphon 1 are passed through glue-line 3 and are spline joint-splicing Hybrid connections between boss 5 and attachment hardware 2, as shown in Figure 4.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the glue-line 3 shaft tube inner wall glue-line 31 that to be central siphons 1 applied by its inwall mates to glue together with the attachment hardware outer wall glue-line 32 that attachment hardware 2 outer wall applies and is formed;
The material of attachment hardware 2 is steel or aluminum alloy.
Central siphon 1 adopts the manufacture of pultrusion winding shaping process, and its fiber volume fraction is more than or equal to 60%.
The direction that boss 5 distributes is parallel with the axis of central siphon 1, and boss 5 hoop is distributed between fabric enhancement layer 6 and body 4 discontinuously;
The ply sequence of boss 5 is axial laying 9;
As shown in Figure 5, in body 4, the ply sequence of fortifying fibre ecto-entad is followed successively by hoop laying 7, intersection laying 8 and axial laying 9; This ply sequence simultaneously containing hoop laying 7, intersection laying 8 and axial laying 9 can meet the requirement of the aspects such as critical speed, torsional strength and Critical Buckling.
The material of boss 5 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite;
The angle of hoop laying 7 is 80 degree to 90 degree; Laying 8 angle of intersecting is 30 degree to 60 degree; The angle of axial laying 9 is 0 degree, and wherein above-mentioned each laying is being 0 degree of direction along central siphon 1 axis direction;
Fortifying fibre in central siphon 4 is same fiber or assorted fibre;
When taking same fiber enhanced form, the material of body 4 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite; When taking assorted fibre enhanced form, in body 4, the material of hoop laying 7 and axial laying 9 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite, and laying 8 material that intersects is fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites.
The axial laying 9 of body 4 is shaping by pultrude process, and it is shaping that intersection laying 8 and hoop laying 7 pass through winding process;
Boss 5 takes shape in inside central siphon 1 along whole central siphon 1 by pultrude process, and its laying is axial laying 10.Boss 5 can improve the axial stiffness of central siphon 1, further raising composite material automobile critical speed of drive shaft, on the other hand, boss 5 and the fabric enhancement layer 6 covered outward thereof can form the structure of spline key tooth, and match with attachment hardware 2, form the form of spline joint.
The laying of fabric enhancement layer 6 is two-way or multidirectional laying 11; When adopting two-way laying, paving mode is that ± 45 degree of intersections are laid; When adopting multidirectional laying, paving mode is similarly to intersect and lays, and laying quantity is 2 ~ 6 layers, and laying angle is 30 degree ~ 60 degree.
Embodiment 1
Certain composite material automobile transmission shaft is 1.7m by a segment length, and diameter is that the composite material central siphon 1 of 76mm is assembled with two ends attachment hardware 2.Composite shaft tube material is T300 fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites, and its single-skin panel thickness is 0.2mm, and its typical performance perameter is as shown in table 1, table 2:
Table 1
| E 1（GPa） | E 2（GPa） | G 12（GPa） | v 12 | t p（mm） | ρ（kg/mm 3） |
| 125 | 8 | 5 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1550 |
Table 2
| X t（MPa） | X c（MPa） | Y t（MPa） | Y c（MPa） | S（MPa） |
| 1600 | 1000 | 40 | 220 | 80 |
Shaping and composite material central siphon and attachment hardware the assembly method of its composite material central siphon is as follows:
(1) internal layer of pultrusion method one-body molded central siphon 1 is used, containing the axial laying 9 of fabric enhancement layer 6, composite material boss 5 and body 4 inner side;
With the central siphon internal layer of above-mentioned pultrusion for core, the outermost layer of Wrapping formed goods, comprises intersection laying 8 and hoop laying 7;
Length as requested, cutting obtains central siphon 1;
(2) central siphon 1 and attachment hardware are treated that surface treatment is carried out in splicing face; Central siphon 1 inwall is smeared to the shaft tube inner wall glue-line 31 of adhesive formation, smear adhesive at the outer wall of attachment hardware 2 and form attachment hardware outer wall glue-line 32;
(3) by glue-line, composite material central siphon is connected with attachment hardware, obtains pultrusion winding molding compound material propeller-shaft.
The composite material automobile transmission shaft that pultrusion is Wrapping formed, takes the type of attachment of spline joint-splicing in fitting process.Composite material central siphon 1 containing composite material boss 5 is connected by glue-line 3 with between attachment hardware 2, forms the connection mode of spline joint-splicing Hybrid connections.
Central siphon 1 is made up of body 4, boss 5 and fabric enhancement layer 6.Body 4 contains axial laying 9, intersection laying 8 and hoop laying 7 to meet the requirement of the aspects such as critical speed, torsional strength and Critical Buckling successively by internal layer outer layers.Axial laying 9 is shaping by pultrude process, and it is shaping that intersection laying 8 and hoop laying 7 pass through winding process.Boss 5 takes shape in inside central siphon 1 along whole central siphon 1 by pultrude process, and wherein the laying of boss 5 is axial laying 10, and boss 5, can being connected the mode providing spline joint when attaching parts connects while the axial stiffness improving central siphon 1 with metal.Spline joint coordinates with splicing, makes central siphon 1 and attachment hardware 2 form the form of spline joint-splicing Hybrid connections, improves Joint strenght and long-term reliability.
When taking same fiber enhanced form, the material of body 4 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite; When taking assorted fibre enhanced form, in body 4, the material of hoop laying 7 and axial laying 9 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite, and laying 8 material that intersects is fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites.The material of boss 5 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite.The laying of fabric enhancement layer 6 is two-way or multidirectional laying 11; When adopting two-way laying, paving mode is that ± 45 degree of intersections are laid; When adopting multidirectional laying, paving mode is similarly to intersect and lays, and laying quantity is 2 ~ 6 layers, and laying angle is 30 degree ~ 60 degree.
The adhesive of glue-line adopts the series modified epoxy adhesive of J-204 of Heilungkiang Petroleum Chemical Engineering Institute of academy of sciences.Its room temperature shearing strength value is greater than 30MPa, and after hydrothermal aging, shearing strength value is greater than 25MPa
In the present embodiment, the composite material central siphon of certain composite material automobile transmission shaft, according to the Wrapping formed feature of pultrusion and actual operation requirements, has specific layering type.Be specially: composite material body adopts [± 85/ (± θ)
2s/ 0
3] layering type, composite material boss adopt [0
10] layering type, fabric enhancement layer adopts the layering type of [± 45].θ changes between 30 degree and 60 degree, along with θ angle increase, composite material automobile critical speed of drive shaft, occur the first floor destroy time torque load and Critical Buckling Load as shown in table 3:
Table 3
| θ | The first floor destroys torque load (Nm) | Critical speed (RPM) | Critical Buckling Load (Nm) |
| 30 | 3667 | 5949 | 4314 |
| 45 | 4237 | 5266 | 4796 |
| 60 | 3685 | 4653 | 5616 |
When propeller shaft length is greater than 1m, relative to steel transmission shaft, composite material transmission shaft advantage is following 2 points:
(1) if transmission shaft adopts single hop form, steel transmission shaft is relative to composite material transmission shaft, and its density of material is comparatively large, and axial stiffness is lower, and therefore, steel transmission shaft critical speed can not reach operating needs, in use can produce comparatively violent resonance.
(2) if steel transmission shaft adopts two section type or multiple stage, though can improve transmission shaft critical speed, therefore additional center support and corresponding connection, packing element, can increase transmission shaft weight, affect automobile fuel ecomomy.
Under the prerequisite meeting torsional strength and Critical Buckling requirement, comparison length is 1.7m, and diameter is steel and the composite material unistage type critical speed of drive shaft value of 76mm.In the present embodiment, composite material transmission shaft central siphon 1 thickness is determined by body 4 thickness and boss 5 thickness, and because boss 5 is circumferentially discontinuously arranged, its thickness should get its equivalent thickness when counting central siphon 1 wall thickness.In this enforcement, the equivalent thickness of boss 5 is 1mm, and body thickness is 2.6mm, then central siphon 1 equivalent thickness is 3.6mm.
Consider that steel transmission shaft and composite material transmission shaft have the situation of identical Equivalent Wall-Thickness: the springform of steel measures 210GPa, and pulling strengrth is 600MPa, and density is 7850kg/m
3time, steel transmission shaft can meet torsional strength and Critical Buckling requirement, and critical speed is 4319RPM; For composite material transmission shaft, as shown in Table 3, when θ is 30 degree, not only can meet torsional strength and Critical Buckling requirement, and critical speed is 5949RPM, improves 37.7% than steel transmission shaft.
Embodiment 2
Certain composite material automobile transmission shaft is 1.4m by a segment length, and diameter is that the composite material central siphon of 76mm and two ends attachment hardware are assembled.Composite shaft tube material is T300 fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites and fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites, forms fiber hybrid structure.Both single-skin panel thickness is 0.2mm.The typical performance perameter of fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites is as shown in table 4, table 5:
Table 4
| E 1（GPa） | E 2（GPa） | G 12（GPa） | v 12 | t p（mm） | ρ（kg/mm 3） |
| 45 | 10 | 5 | 0.3 | 0.19 | 2000 |
Table 5
| X t（MPa） | X c（MPa） | Y t（MPa） | Y c（MPa） | S（MPa） |
| 1100 | 675 | 35 | 120 | 80 |
Shaping and composite material central siphon and attachment hardware the assembly method of its composite material central siphon is as follows:
(1) internal layer of pultrusion method one-body molded composite material central siphon 1 is used, containing the axial laying 9 of fabric enhancement layer 6, composite material boss 5 and composite material body 4 inner side;
With the central siphon internal layer of above-mentioned pultrusion for core, the outermost layer of Wrapping formed goods, comprises intersection laying 8 and hoop laying 7;
Length as requested, cutting obtains composite material central siphon;
(2) composite material central siphon 1 and attachment hardware 2 are treated that surface treatment is carried out in splicing face; Smear the shaft tube inner wall glue-line 31 of adhesive formation at composite material central siphon 1 inwall, smear adhesive at the outer wall of attachment hardware 2 and form attachment hardware outer wall glue-line 32;
(3) attachment hardware outer wall glue-line 32 and shaft tube inner wall glue-line 31 are gluedd joint fit, form glue-line 3, composite material central siphon is connected with attachment hardware, obtains pultrusion winding molding compound material propeller-shaft.
Composite material central siphon is made up of composite material body, composite material boss and fabric enhancement layer.Composite material body contains axial laying, intersection laying and hoop laying to meet the requirement of the aspects such as critical speed, torsional strength and Critical Buckling, the material of laying of wherein intersecting is fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites, and the material of axial laying and hoop laying is T300 fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites.In composite material body, axial laying is shaping by pultrude process, and it is shaping that intersection laying and hoop laying pass through winding process.Composite material boss takes shape in inside composite material central siphon along whole composite material central siphon by pultrude process, and laying is wherein axial laying, and material is T300 fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites.Composite material boss, can being connected the mode providing spline joint when attaching parts connects while the axial stiffness improving composite material central siphon with metal.Spline joint coordinates with splicing, makes composite material central siphon and attachment hardware form the form of spline joint-splicing Hybrid connections, improves Joint strenght and long-term reliability.The adhesive of glue-line adopts the series modified epoxy adhesive of J-204 of Heilungkiang Petroleum Chemical Engineering Institute of academy of sciences.Its room temperature shearing strength value is greater than 30MPa, and after hydrothermal aging, shearing strength value is greater than 25MPa.
When taking same fiber enhanced form, the material of composite material body 4 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite; When taking assorted fibre enhanced form, in composite material body 4, the material of hoop laying 7 and axial laying 9 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite, and laying 8 material that intersects is fiber reinforced epoxy resin based composites.The material of composite material boss 5 is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite.The laying of fabric enhancement layer 6 is two-way or multidirectional laying 11; When adopting two-way laying, paving mode is that ± 45 degree of intersections are laid; When adopting multidirectional laying, paving mode is similarly to intersect and lays, and laying quantity is 2 ~ 6 layers, and laying angle is 30 degree ~ 60 degree.
In the present embodiment, the composite material central siphon of certain composite material automobile transmission shaft, according to the Wrapping formed feature of pultrusion and actual operation requirements, devises specific layering type.Be specially: composite material body adopts [± 85/ (± 45)
5s/ 0
3] layering type, composite material boss adopt [0
10] layering type, fabric enhancement layer adopts the layering type of [± 45].Composite material automobile critical speed of drive shaft, occur the first floor destroy time torque load and Critical Buckling Load as shown in table 6:
Table 6
| The first floor destroys torque load (Nm) | Critical speed (RPM) | Critical Buckling Load (Nm) |
| 3478 | 5543 | 15754 |
Above-mentioned is can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art to the description of embodiment.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various amendment to these embodiments, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments and need not through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to embodiment here, those skilled in the art, according to announcement of the present invention, do not depart from improvement that scope makes and amendment all should within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a pultrusion winding molding compound material propeller-shaft, it is characterized in that: comprise central siphon (1), attachment hardware (2) and glue-line (3), described central siphon (1) includes body (4), boss (5) and fabric enhancement layer (6) from outside to inside successively; The both sides of described central siphon (1) are passed through glue-line (3) and are spline joint-splicing Hybrid connections between boss (5) and attachment hardware (2);
The axial laying (9) of described body (4) is shaping by pultrude process, intersect laying (8) and hoop laying (7) shaping by winding process;
Described boss (5) takes shape in central siphon (1) inner side along whole central siphon (1) by pultrude process, and its laying is axial laying (10).
2. composite material automobile transmission shaft according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described glue-line (3) the shaft tube inner wall glue-line (31) that to be central siphon (1) applied by its inwall mates to glue together with the attachment hardware outer wall glue-line (32) that attachment hardware (2) outer wall applies and formed;
Or the material of described attachment hardware (2) is steel or aluminum alloy;
Or described central siphon (1) adopts the manufacture of pultrusion winding shaping process, its fiber volume fraction is more than or equal to 60%.
3. composite material automobile transmission shaft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the direction that described boss (5) distributes is parallel with the axis of central siphon (1), and boss (5) hoop is distributed between fabric enhancement layer (6) and body (4) discontinuously;
Or the ply sequence of described boss (5) is axial laying (10);
Or the ply sequence of fortifying fibre ecto-entad is followed successively by hoop laying (7), intersection laying (8) and axial laying (9) in described body (4);
Or the material of described boss (5) is carbon fiber enhancement resin base composite material.
4. composite material automobile transmission shaft according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the angle of described hoop laying (7) is 80 degree to 90 degree; Described intersection laying (8) angle is 30 degree to 60 degree; The angle of described axial laying (9) is 0 degree, and wherein above-mentioned each laying is being 0 degree of direction along central siphon (1) axis direction.
5. composite material automobile transmission shaft according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the fortifying fibre in described body (4) is same fiber or assorted fibre; When taking same fiber enhanced form, the material of body (4) is carbon fiber enhancement resin base composite material; When taking assorted fibre enhanced form, in body (4), the material of hoop laying (7) and axial laying (9) is carbon fiber enhancement resin base composite material, and laying (8) material that intersects is galss fiber reinforced resin based composites.
6. composite material automobile transmission shaft according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the laying of described fabric enhancement layer (6) is two-way or multidirectional laying (11); When adopting two-way laying, paving mode is that ± 45 degree of intersections are laid; When adopting multidirectional laying, paving mode is similarly to intersect and lays, and laying quantity is 2 ~ 6 layers, and laying angle is 30 degree ~ 60 degree.
7. the preparation method of arbitrary described composite material automobile transmission shaft in the claims 1-6, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) pultrusion is wound around out one section of central siphon (1), is blocked by this central siphon (1);
(2) central siphon (1) inwall is smeared to the shaft tube inner wall glue-line (31) of adhesive formation, smear adhesive at the outer wall of attachment hardware (2) and form attachment hardware outer wall glue-line (32);
(3) the attachment hardware outer wall glue-line (32) that the shaft tube inner wall glue-line (31) applied by the inwall of central siphon (1) and attachment hardware (2) outer wall apply glueds joint, form glue-line (3), obtain pultrusion winding molding compound material propeller-shaft.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described adhesive is flexibilizing epoxy adhesive, and shearing strength value during room temperature is greater than 30MPa, and after hydrothermal aging, shearing strength value is greater than 25MPa.
9. preparation method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the pultrusion winding, molding method of described step (1) central siphon (1), comprises the following steps:
A (), with pultrusion method one-body molded central siphon (1) internal layer, includes the axial laying (9) of fabric enhancement layer (6), boss (5) and body (4) innermost layer;
(b) with obtained central siphon (1) internal layer of step (a) for core, the intersection laying (8) of Wrapping formed central siphon (1) and hoop laying (7);
C material obtained for step (b) cutting is obtained central siphon (1) by ().
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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