CN102758108B - Al-Si-Mg-Sm rare earth cast aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Al-Si-Mg-Sm rare earth cast aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an Al-Si-Mg-Sm rare earth cast aluminum alloy and a preparation method of the aluminum alloy; the Al-Si-Mg-Sm alloy comprises the components by weight percent: 6.5-7.0% of Si, 0.3-0.45% of Mg, 0.1-0.9% of Sm and the balance of Al. The preparation method comprises the steps of: firstly, adding an Al-Si-Mg alloy into a graphite crucible, heating the graphite crucible in a resistance furnace until the Al-Si-Mg alloy is melted, and then adding an Al-Sm intermediate alloy; carrying out heat preservation on the alloy melt within the temperature range of 710-750 DEG C for 20-30minutes, and then stirring for 3-5minutes at the speed of 40-50r/min; then, carrying out heat preservation again for 20-30minutes; and finally, degassing and refining the alloy melt, then casting when the temperature of the melt is reduced to 700-710 DEG C, and taking out the sample. The alloy and the preparation method thereof disclosed by the invention have the technical effects that rare earth Sm is added into the alloy, so that the shape and the distribution of eutectic silicon can be effectively improved, spheroidized crystalline grains are refined, a strengthening phase is added, and the alloy strength and elongation can be greatly improved. The rare earth cast aluminum alloy is simple in preparation method, low in cost, easy in control for adding quantity and free from three-waste pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminium alloy preparation method, be specifically related to a kind of Al-Si-Mg-Sm rare earth casting aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy, as typical light material in metallic substance, has high strength, low density, high fracture toughness, and the good characteristic such as high anti-stress-corrosion ability, is able to widespread use in machinery, chemical industry, automobile, building, Aeronautics and Astronautics field.Concerning aluminium alloy cast ingot, crystal grain thinning can make its interior tissue even, reduces segregation, improves plasticity and tensile strength, prevents the defect such as crackle and shrinkage cavity.
ZL101 alloy physical strength (GB/T1173-1995): as cast condition σ
b=155MPa, δ=2%; T6 state: σ
b=225MPa, δ=1%
Obviously, ZL 101 alloy mechanical property is low, and Shortcomings can not meet the service requirements of high load; Simultaneously, be limited to material composition feature and technical matters feature, also Shortcomings part, as easily existed various impurity, thick needle shaped eutectic silicon and iron containing compounds, aluminum substrate to organize the problems such as thick in tissue, the mechanical property that affects cast product improves, and it is necessary carrying out RE alloyed to ZL 101 alloy.
Rare earth element has unique electron structure and physicochemical property, has unique 4f electronic structure, large magnetic moment of atom, very strong spin coupling characteristic, also quite unique on the impact of aluminium alloy.The metamorphism of rare earth element has long-lasting and remelting stability feature, better than other alterants, and has good deoxidation and sweetening power.
Increasing to the research of rare earth aluminium alloy both at home and abroad, but for rare-earth Sm, as a kind of alloy element, the impact of the microstructure and property on Al-Si-Mg cast aluminium alloy have not been reported, and therefore has larger researching value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Al-Si-Mg-Sm rare earth casting aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof, Sm joins in Al-Si-Mg alloy with suitable amount, can effectively improve form and the distribution of Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys, to put forward heavy alloyed mechanical property.
Al-Si-Mg-Sm rare earth casting aluminium alloy provided by the present invention, it is characterized in that: the Sm that to have added rare earth casting aluminium alloy weight percent in Al-Si-Mg alloy be 0.1 ~ 0.9%, in described Al-Si-Mg alloy, the weight percent of Si is 6.3 ~ 6.5%, the weight percent of Mg is 0.7 ~ 0.8%, and surplus is Al.
The present invention is achieved like this, and preparation method is: Al-Si-Mg alloy is joined in plumbago crucible, be heated to, after fusing, add Al-Sm master alloy in resistance furnace, its rare earth elements Sm accounts for 0.1 ~ 0.9% of alloy gross weight.In 710 ~ 750 DEG C of temperature ranges, by above-mentioned alloy melt insulation after-applied stirring in 20 ~ 30 minutes, churning time is 3 ~ 5 minutes, and stirring velocity is 40 ~ 50 revs/min, and then is incubated 20 ~ 30 minutes.Casting sampling when last above-mentioned alloy melt melt temperature after refinery by de-gassing is down to 700 ~ 710 DEG C.
Technique effect of the present invention is: in aluminium alloy, add rare-earth Sm can not improve production cost, and rare-earth Sm add the refinement nodularization that can obviously promote primary phase α-Al, bulk, needle shaped eutectic silicon are become tiny fibrous, and make the distribution on crystal boundary become dispersed by gathering, thereby increase substantially alloy strength and unit elongation.Rare earth casting aluminium alloy in the present invention, preparation method is simple, with low cost, and add-on is easy to control, and three-waste free pollution.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the microscopic fibers tissue of Al-6.4Si-0.75Mg alloy;
Fig. 2 is the microscopic fibers tissue of Al-6.4Si-0.75Mg-0.9Sm alloy.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described further by embodiment once.
Embodiment 1: first by Al-6.4Si-0.75Mg(massfraction) alloy joins in plumbago crucible, molten alloy in resistance furnace, smelting temperature is 750 DEG C, after metal melts completely, be incubated 20 minutes, then pass into high pure nitrogen (purity is 99.999%) degasification, refining.After leaving standstill, be poured in metal die and make Al-Si-Mg alloy cast ingot, pouring temperature is 710 DEG C.
Embodiment 2: first by Al-6.3Si-0.7Mg(massfraction) alloy joins in plumbago crucible, is heated to, after fusing, add Al-15%Sm master alloy in resistance furnace, and its rare earth elements Sm accounts for 0.3% of alloy gross weight.At 750 DEG C, by above-mentioned alloy melt insulation after-applied stirring in 20 minutes, churning time is 3 minutes, and stirring velocity is 40 revs/min, and then is incubated 20 minutes.Casting sampling when last above-mentioned alloy melt melt temperature after refinery by de-gassing is down to 700 DEG C.
Embodiment 3: first by Al-6.5Si-0.8Mg(massfraction) alloy joins in plumbago crucible, is heated to, after fusing, add Al-15%Sm master alloy in resistance furnace, and its rare earth elements Sm accounts for 0.6% of alloy gross weight.At 730 DEG C, by above-mentioned alloy melt insulation after-applied stirring in 25 minutes, churning time is 5 minutes, and stirring velocity is 50 revs/min, and then is incubated 25 minutes.Casting sampling when last above-mentioned alloy melt melt temperature after refinery by de-gassing is down to 710 DEG C.
Embodiment 4: first by Al-6.4Si-0.75Mg(massfraction) alloy joins in plumbago crucible, is heated to, after fusing, add Al-15%Sm master alloy in resistance furnace, and its rare earth elements Sm accounts for 0.9% of alloy gross weight.At 740 DEG C, by above-mentioned alloy melt insulation after-applied stirring in 30 minutes, churning time is 5 minutes, and stirring velocity is 50 revs/min, and then is incubated 30 minutes.Casting sampling when last above-mentioned alloy melt melt temperature after refinery by de-gassing is down to 700 DEG C.
The ingot casting obtaining in above-mentioned four embodiments is processed into tension specimen by GB/T228-2002 metallic substance tensile testing at ambient temperature, on tensile testing machine, tests the mechanical property of different embodiment samples, as shown in table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, along with the increase of Sm content, the mechanical property of cast alloy significantly increases, in the time that the content of Sm is increased to 0.9%, the tensile strength of alloy reaches 232.91MPa, and while more not adding Sm, alloy substrate has improved 34%, unit elongation reaches 4.6% simultaneously, and the alloy substrate that does not more add Sm has improved 142.1 %.
The ingot casting sampling that embodiment 1 and embodiment 4 are made, after polishing, polishing, corrosion at optical microphotograph Microscopic observation alloy microscopic structure, as accompanying drawing 1(embodiment 1) and accompanying drawing 2(embodiment 4) as shown in.From accompanying drawing, can find out, rare-earth Sm add the refinement nodularization that can obviously promote primary phase α-Al, Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys is changed into tiny fibrous by block, needle-like, and make Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys assemble and become dispersed at crystal boundary, thereby increase substantially alloy strength.And technique is simple, safe and reliable, easy to operate, and three-waste free pollution.
Table 1. Al-Si-Mg alloy adds the mechanical property under the as-cast condition of Sm front and back
Claims (2)
1. an Al-Si-Mg-Sm rare earth casting aluminium alloy, it is characterized in that: the Sm that to have added rare earth casting aluminium alloy weight percent in Al-Si-Mg alloy be 0.1 ~ 0.9%, in described Al-Si-Mg alloy, the weight percent of Si is 6.3 ~ 6.5%, the weight percent of Mg is 0.7 ~ 0.8%, and surplus is Al.
2. the preparation method of an a kind of Al-Si-Mg-Sm rare earth casting aluminium alloy claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: Al-Si-Mg alloy is joined in plumbago crucible, in resistance furnace, be heated to after fusing, add Al-Sm master alloy, its rare earth elements Sm accounts for 0.1 ~ 0.9% of alloy gross weight, in 710 ~ 750 DEG C of temperature ranges, by above-mentioned alloy melt insulation after-applied stirring in 20 ~ 30 minutes, churning time is 3 ~ 5 minutes, stirring velocity is 40 ~ 50 revs/min, and then be incubated 20 ~ 30 minutes, casting sampling when last above-mentioned alloy melt melt temperature after refinery by de-gassing is down to 700 ~ 710 DEG C.
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| CN103469028B (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2015-04-15 | 南昌大学 | Rare earth element praseodymium alloyed aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN103469022B (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2016-01-20 | 南昌大学 | A kind of aluminium-silicon-samarium cast aluminium alloy and preparation method |
| CN103695675B (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-10-21 | 江苏中联铝业有限公司 | Change the method for Fe phase morphology in Al-Mg-Si system alloy |
| CN103993209B (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-02-24 | 合肥工业大学 | The Al-Mg-Si-Cu Alloy And Preparation Method of rare earth Sc microalloying |
| CN104294109B (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2017-01-11 | 重庆大学 | Samarium and/or gadolinium-containing heat-resisting cast aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101705397A (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2010-05-12 | 北京工业大学 | Al-Si-Mg-Er rare earth casting aluminium alloy |
| CN102140602A (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2011-08-03 | 南昌大学 | Al-Si-Cu-Mg-xSm rare-earth die-casting aluminum alloy |
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| CN101871064B (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2011-08-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for modifying rare earth Y to AlSi7Mg alloy |
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