CN102721720B - Device and method for testing thermal performance of phase-change energy-storage composite board, and method for evaluating energy saving of same - Google Patents
Device and method for testing thermal performance of phase-change energy-storage composite board, and method for evaluating energy saving of same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing thermal performance of a phase-change energy-storage composite board, and a method for evaluating energy saving of the same. The testing device is a box arranged in a high-low temperature test chamber which simulates climates, wherein a to-be-tested composite board is installed in one side of the box, and a refrigerator, a heating device, a box temperature measuring probe, a specimen temperature measuring probe, and a temperature controlling probe are arranged in the box. The refrigerator and the heating device are both connected with electric energy meters, and the probes are connected with a temperature inspecting instrument. In the invention, the box is regarded as a room and is placed into the high-low temperature test chamber which simulates temperature changes. The testing system keeps real-time records of temperature changes of composite board inner surface and temperature changes inside the box. Energy saving of composite board specimen can be evaluated by utilizing the energy consumption for cooling and heating in the box, based on testing data of the phase-change material, and energy-saving evaluating indexes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal testing field, relate in particular to a kind of phase-change material saving energy test and evaluation, comprise method of testing and device and energy-saving effect evaluation method.
Technical background
Along with becoming increasingly conspicuous of rapid development of economy and energy supply and demand contradiction, to save energy and reduce the cost and become one of important measures that realize the 21 century strategy of sustainable development, energy-saving building technology has caused domestic and international great attention as energy-saving and cost-reducing important means.Phase-change energy-storage composite material is the combination of phase-change material and traditional building material, has excellent energy-efficient performance and application prospect widely.Phase-changing energy storage material is latent heat storage material, and material heat energy can be occurred during to Solid State Transformation and changes to liquid or liquid by solid-state, when phase-change material reaches phase transition temperature, and can be by absorbing or release heat keeps temperature constant.
Up to now, the practical building product of being made by phase-change material is existing a variety of, but as a kind of new material, also rarely has so far the relevant criterion of phase-change material performance test to put into effect, and the Energy efficiency evaluation of particularly phase transformation composite plate is also relatively backward.Phase-change accumulation energy composite plate has much contributions for building energy conservation actually, and indoor temperature is regulated, and human body level of comfort is had to much impacts etc. actually, and these are still fuzzyyer at present, and this is obviously unfavorable for the propaganda and promotion of produce market.Trace it to its cause, be still not can be used at present phase transformation composite plate energy-saving effect for building is detected and the system of evaluating.
Summary of the invention
Based on the problems referred to above, the present invention intends setting up saving energy test and the evaluating apparatus of a phase-change accumulation energy composite plate, based on Energy efficiency evaluation index, in conjunction with high-low temperature test chamber, phase-change accumulation energy composite plate is carried out to contrast test, make it possess the ability of passing judgment on the comprehensive thermal property of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate and degree of power conservation, to further instruct the preparation of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate, design and install.
One of the object of the invention is to provide a kind of proving installation of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal property.This device coordinates a high-low temperature test chamber job, comprise a casing, the one side of described casing leaves to install the position of composite plate to be measured, and its lap of composite plate to be measured and casing forms enclosure space, in described casing, be provided with refrigerator, heat-producing machine and casing temperature probe, test specimen temperature probe, temperature control probe; Described refrigerator, heat-producing machine are all connected with electric energy meter separately by wire; Described casing temperature probe is connected with temperature polling instrument by wire with test specimen temperature probe, and described temperature control probe is connected with temperature controller by wire; Described electric energy meter is connected with temperature controller by wire.
Each face of all the other of described casing is all used heat-insulating composite plate.
In described casing, be also provided with soaking plate, every being located between composite plate to be measured and refrigerator, heat-producing machine.
Described casing temperature probe, test specimen temperature probe, temperature control probe are plugged in the space consisting of soaking plate and composite plate to be measured; Described test specimen temperature probe is surface type temperature probe, surveys the inside surface in composite plate to be measured.
Described refrigerator consists of thermantidote, semiconductor chilling plate, water-cooling head, heating radiator, water pump, bucket, the hot side of semiconductor chilling plate is connected with water-cooling head, huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) connects thermantidote, thermantidote is placed in box house, semiconductor chilling plate is connected with refrigeration electric energy meter via wire, and water-cooling head water inlet, heating radiator, water pump, bucket, water-cooling head water delivering orifice are connected by water pipe successively.
Described heating radiator adopts water-cooled row heating radiator, and water pump adopts membrane pump or magnetic drive pump.
Described heat-producing machine consists of fever tablet and radiator fan, and the heating face of fever tablet is connected with radiator fan, and radiator fan is placed in box house, described fever tablet via wire with heat electric energy meter and be connected.
Described fever tablet is PTC ceramic heating plate or silicon rubber fever tablet.
Described device also comprises an external computing machine, and it is connected with temperature polling instrument data with electric energy meter.
The further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of testing of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal property.The method is used the proving installation of aforesaid phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal property, specifically use the weather in high-low temperature test chamber simulation summer or winter, the casing of described device is placed in to this high-low temperature test chamber, composite plate to be measured is installed, design temperature on temperature controller, start heat-producing machine (simulation winter climate) or refrigerator (simulation summer climate), temperature polling instrument, electric energy meter, by temperature polling instrument, record temperature variation time and temperature change value, electric energy meter records corresponding power consumption, continue 12 hours, obtain the thermal property data of this phase-change accumulation energy composite plate.
The further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate energy-saving effect evaluation method.By aforementioned method of testing, test respectively the thermal property of composite plate to be measured (test specimen) and contrast composite plate (control piece), then by indirect energy saving evaluation index and/or direct Energy efficiency evaluation index, evaluate the energy-saving effect of test specimen;
The expression formula of described indirect energy saving index is:
γ=(τ2-τ1)/τ1
Wherein, γ is relative time hysteresis rate, and the control piece that τ 1 is temperature polling instrument record is risen and arrived the time of comfort temperature higher limit by low temperature, and the test specimen that τ 2 is temperature polling instrument record is risen and arrived the time of comfort temperature higher limit by low temperature; γ value is larger, shows that test specimen maintains the multiple of time lengthening of indoor comfort temperature large, and energy-saving effect is better;
The expression formula of described direct Energy efficiency evaluation index is:
η=(E
1-E
2)/E
1
Wherein, η is relative energy-saving efficiency, E
1for the control piece of electric energy meter record maintains indoor comfort temperature institute consuming electric power, E within a certain period of time
2for the test specimen of electric energy meter record maintains indoor comfort temperature institute consuming electric power within the same time; η value is larger, shows that test specimen maintains more that institute's consuming electric power reduces during indoor comfort temperature, and energy-saving effect is better.
The present invention, owing to taking above technical scheme, can obtain following technique effect: 1, the present invention is by casing Simulation house, by high-low temperature test chamber simulating chamber external environment.In casing, be provided with refrigerating plant, heating combined equipment, attemperating unit and temperature detector device, attemperating unit is provided with target room temperature; In chamber, be preset with temperature changing regularity; Composite plate to be measured is installed on casing, and the refrigeration of bringing by the temperature difference inside and outside casing or heat consumed electric energy, passes judgment on the thermal property of composite plate to be measured.This device real simulation is strong, and indoor and outdoor temperature is all controlled, adjustable, and test application is strong.2, Simulation house of the present invention is only being installed composite plate to be measured in one side, and other face adopts heat-insulating material, makes to test with strong points, more can accurately test the hot working effect of composite plate to be measured.3, system arranges electric energy meter, can real time record electricity consumption situation.4, adopt the characteristic of semiconductor chilling plate, carry out cold and hot exchange, make device become simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is common foaming plaster plate and the phase transformation foaming plaster plate time-temperature curve of temperature polling instrument record in test of the present invention and evaluation example.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
Design concept of the present invention is: with a casing, simulate actual house, one, house face is used composite plate test specimen, other face heat-insulation and heat-preservation.In casing, be provided with and heat up and heat sink, simulate respectively heating installation and air-conditioning refrigeration plant in reality.Whole casing is placed in high-low temperature test chamber to temperature Change outside simulation room.Temperature control and temperature measuring equipment are set in casing, and casing arranges temperature measuring equipment outward.Casing, due to other several thermal insulation, has one side to conduct heat, and box house temperature will change along with exterior temperature change, and now, for keeping inner temperature of room in human body comfort temperature, temperature controller heats startup or freezes.Because the composite board material using is different, heat or the frequent degree of cooling activation just different, utilize temperature sensor, electric energy meter in casing, can real time record be somebody's turn to do " house " interior temperature variations and electricity consumption situation, finally reach the object of evaluating phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal technology and energy-efficient performance.
Therefore, from function, divide, the present invention can comprise tested main body, cooling/heating system, temperature control system and several parts of temperature detector system substantially.Specifically, its structure as shown in Figure 1, comprises a closed box 1, and a face of casing 1 is used composite plate 2 to be measured, and all the other each faces are all used thermal insulation thermal insulation board (in Fig. 1, casing 1 represents part with oblique line).In casing 1 inside, be provided with soaking plate 3, refrigerator 4, heat-producing machine 5, wherein soaking plate 3, every being located between composite plate 2 to be measured and refrigerator 4, heat-producing machine 5, makes composite plate thermally equivalent to be measured or refrigeration.
In the samming space being formed by soaking plate 3 and composite plate to be measured 2, be inserted with casing temperature probe 6, test specimen temperature probe 7 and temperature control probe 8; Casing temperature probe 6 is connected with the temperature polling instrument 9 that test specimen temperature probe 7 is placed on casing 1 by wire and, and the temperature controller 10 that temperature control probe 8 is placed on casing 1 by wire and is connected.
Refrigerator 4 is all connected with 11 ' with electric energy meter 11 separately respectively by wire with heat-producing machine 5, to record power consumption energy.Electric energy meter 11 and 11 ' is all placed on casing 1, is connected with temperature controller 10 wires simultaneously.
Above-mentioned refrigerator 4 can adopt semiconductor chilling plate 12, water-cooling head 13, heating radiator 14, water pump 15, bucket 16, thermantidote 18 to form.The hot side of semiconductor chilling plate 12 is connected with water-cooling head 13, and huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) is connected with thermantidote 18, and this thermantidote 18 need be placed in casing 1 inside, and semiconductor chilling plate 12 is also connected with refrigeration electric energy meter 11 via wire; Water-cooling head 13 water inlets, heating radiator 14, water pump 15, bucket 16, water-cooling head 13 water delivering orifices successively by water pipe be connected (in Fig. 1, thick line represents water pipeline) form a water circulation, heating radiator 14 adopts water-cooled row heating radiator conventionally, and water pump 15 adopts membrane pump or magnetic drive pump conventionally.
Above-mentioned heat-producing machine 5 can adopt fever tablet 17 and radiator fan 18 ' to form.Fever tablet 17 is PTC ceramic heating plate or silicon rubber fever tablet, and its heating surface is with radiator fan 18 ', and this radiator fan 18 ' need be placed in casing 1 inside, fever tablet 17 and via wire with heat electric energy meter 11 ' and be connected.
Above-mentioned test specimen temperature probe 7 is surface type temperature probe, and probe is arranged on the inside surface in composite plate to be measured.
Casing with above-mentioned layout 1 integral body is placed in the high-low temperature test chamber 19 of a simulating chamber external environment, the pipeline on casing 1 is connected with external instrument by high-low temperature test chamber 19 lateral openings.Can adopt existing high-low temperature test chamber 19.
This proving installation, can also establish an external computing machine (not shown), is connected with 11 ' data with electric energy meter 11, is connected, for evaluation index and evaluation result are processed and provided to the data analysis providing with prepackage formula with temperature polling instrument 9 data.
The method of test compound plate thermal property can comprise the following steps:
1, composite plate to be measured is placed in to the one side of casing 1, each circuit, water route connect; On temperature controller 10, set human body comfort temperature (as being summer 24-28 ℃, be 16-20 ℃ winter), when guaranteeing that in casing, temperature is below or above comfort temperature, start heat-producing machine 5 or refrigerator 4 to maintain the interior temperature of casing 1; Start-up temperature logging 9, temperature controller 10 and electric energy meter 11 ' or 11, detection system is ready.
2, high-low temperature test chamber 19 is set in advance temperature programmed by its explanation, when guaranteeing test run, in high-low temperature test chamber, temperature can change to simulate outdoor environment by setup program.
Above-mentioned steps 1,2 in strict accordance with this order, can first not do step 2, after do step 1.
3, casing 1 is inserted in high-low temperature test chamber 19, shut high-low temperature test chamber 19 cabinet doors.
4, start high-low temperature test chamber 19, on-test, observe temperature polling instrument 9 and change, by temperature controller 10, send refrigeration or heat instruction, electric energy meter 11 or 11 ' record power consumption.
5, according to temperature variations, the indoor temperature change generated in case being drawn by casing temperature probe 6 and the composite plate internal surface temperature being drawn by test specimen temperature probe 7 change (by temperature polling instrument 9, being recorded) and power consumption situation, can understand intuitively the thermal property of test specimen, for example, by temperature polling instrument acquisition time-temperature curve, by electric energy meter, record power consumption.
Can be on abovementioned steps basis the further energy-saving effect of integrating step 6 and/or 7 evaluating combined plates:
6, utilize relative time hysteresis rate to carry out the particularly thermal property of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate of evaluating combined plate as indirect energy saving index.This process need contrast test to common composite plate and phase-change accumulation energy composite plate under similarity condition.
Its expression formula is as follows:
γ=(τ2-τ1)/τ1
Wherein, γ is relative time hysteresis rate, τ 1 is that common composite plate is under the heat transfer of extraneous thermal environment, by low temperature, rise and arrive the time (being recorded by temperature polling instrument 9) of comfort temperature higher limit, τ 2 is that phase-change accumulation energy composite plate is under the heat transfer of extraneous thermal environment, by the time (being recorded by temperature polling instrument 9) of low temperature rising arrival comfort temperature higher limit.The meaning that this indirect energy saving index is expressed is: extraneous hot-fluid sees through composite plate or phase transformation composite plate and enters in the indoor situation that causes indoor intensification, the relatively common composite plate of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate stops indoor temperature to raise, until exceed the time relative value of indoor comfort temperature.This index can be used for evaluating the ability that common composite plate or phase transformation composite plate maintain indoor comfort temperature time length.γ value is larger, shows that phase-change accumulation energy composite plate maintains the multiple of time lengthening of indoor comfort temperature large, and energy-saving effect is better.
7, utilize relative energy-saving efficiency to carry out the particularly thermal property of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate of evaluating combined plate as direct energy-saving index.This process need contrast test to common composite plate and phase-change accumulation energy composite plate under similarity condition.
Its expression formula is as follows:
η=(E
1-E
2)/E
1
Wherein, η is relative energy-saving efficiency, E
1for (being generally 12h) within a certain period of time, common composite plate maintains indoor comfort temperature institute's consuming electric power (being recorded by electric energy meter), E
2for (being generally 12h) within a certain period of time, phase-change accumulation energy composite plate maintains indoor comfort temperature institute's consuming electric power (being recorded by electric energy meter).This direct energy-saving index is weighed common composite plate or the contribution ability of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate to indoor comfort temperature from the angle of energy.η value is larger, shows that phase-change accumulation energy composite plate maintains more that institute's consuming electric power reduces during indoor comfort temperature in same time, and energy-saving effect is better.
Test and evaluation example:
In test case, with apparatus of the present invention, the energy-efficient performance of the phase transformation foaming plaster plate of blank foaming plaster plate and interpolation 10% phase-change material is carried out to contrast test.Because its phase transition temperature of added phase-change material is 26 ℃, meet Summer Indoor comfort temperature, use in winter poor effect, the summer simulation test of therefore take is example.
Experimental procedure is as follows: test specimen to be measured is fixed on casing 1, and casing 1 is placed in to high-low temperature test chamber.Casing 1(being set on temperature controller indoor) initial temperature is 22-23 ℃, (because the outer temperature of casing 1 is higher than the temperature inside the box, the temperature inside the box keeps rising, and therefore only has refrigerator to work independently herein to open refrigerator.Simulation in winter similarly, only has heat-producing machine work conventionally), make temperature in casing reach and maintain this temperature, using it as indoor initial temperature.This temperature is middle and lower reach of Yangtze River Area during Summer cold in winter and hot in summer medial temperature in evening, considers and takes venting practice evening in summer, makes indoor temperature approach outdoor temperature, therefore adopt this temperature to have certain rationality as initial temperature.
On high-low temperature test chamber, (outdoor) set temperature is 34 ℃, and this temperature also calculates according to summer typical case daily temperature, therefore has ubiquity and rationality.Close cabinet door, after everything is ready, start high-low temperature test chamber, now box outside temperature will rise to 34 ℃ very soon.Start-up temperature logging, carries out Real-time Collection to temperature in casing, and uses PC save data.On temperature controller, in prefabricated casing, temperature range is 26-28 ℃, while making in casing temperature surpass 28 ℃, temperature controller starts refrigerator casing is lowered the temperature, until drop to 26 ℃, when temperature raises once again, again start refrigerator, so repeatedly, make temperature in casing maintain 26-28 ℃ of this human body comfort temperature.Be connected in the electric energy meter 11 between refrigerator 4 and temperature controller 10, its power consumption is carried out to record, whole experimentation continues 12h.
After utilizing this method to test respectively common foaming plaster plate and phase transformation foaming plaster plate, the time-temperature curve that multipath temperature patrol inspection instrument 9 gathers as shown in Figure 2.
By this figure, can be found out, it is 3580s that common foaming plaster plate reaches 28 ℃ of times used from 24 ℃, and the plasterboard of interpolation phase-change material is 8560s consuming time, and according to indirect energy saving evaluation index, its relative time hysteresis rate is:
γ=(8560-3580)/3580×100%=139.1%
This result shows: in foaming plaster plate, after the phase-change material of interpolation 10%, the time that maintains indoor comfort temperature has extended 1.39 times than ordinary gypsum board.
In 12h, by the common foaming plaster plate recording on electric energy meter, maintaining comfort temperature institute power consumption is 0.132KWH, and phase transformation foaming plaster plate loss electric weight is 0.0891KWH.According to direct evaluation index, its relative energy-saving efficiency is:
η=(0.132-0.09405)/0.132×100%=28.7%
The phase-change energy-storage gypsum plate that this result has shown to add phase-change material than ordinary gypsum board, in 12h, maintain during indoor comfort temperature institute's consuming electric power low 28.7%.
Through experimental test, interpretation of result is learnt:
Carry out summer during simulation test, do not add the common composite plate (control piece) of phase-change material because its thermal capacitance is little, " house " interior temperature variation is very fast, and it is shorter that temperature rises to the time (being recorded by temperature polling instrument) of comfort temperature value, therefore it is very fast that " house " starts refrigerating plant, start also more frequently, so power consumption (being recorded by electric energy meter) is more; Add the energy storage composite plate (test specimen) of phase-change material, the phase-change material adding due to energy storage composite plate has relatively high thermal capacitance, its phase transition temperature is near human body comfort temperature, when ambient temperature is during higher than phase transition temperature, there is solid-liquid phase change heat absorption in it, causes " house " interior temperature to raise and relatively lag behind, and (time is longer relatively late therefore to start refrigerating plant, by temperature polling instrument, recorded), total power consumption less (being recorded by electric energy meter).Phase-change accumulation energy composite plate simulation test in winter with summer simulation test similar.By simulation comparison test, can be used for evaluating phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal property and energy-saving effect, instruct preparation, design and the installation of phase-change accumulation energy composite plate.
Above-described embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention, and wherein the concrete structure of each parts, connected mode etc. all can change to some extent, and all equivalents based on technical solution of the present invention and change all belong to the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the proving installation of a phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal property, coordinate a high-low temperature test chamber job, it is characterized in that: comprise a casing, the one side of described casing leaves to install the position of composite plate to be measured, each face of all the other of described casing is all used heat-insulating composite plate, and its lap of composite plate to be measured and casing forms enclosure space, in described casing, be provided with refrigerator, heat-producing machine and casing temperature probe, test specimen temperature probe, temperature control probe; Described refrigerator, heat-producing machine are all connected with electric energy meter separately by wire; Described casing temperature probe is connected with temperature polling instrument by wire with test specimen temperature probe, and described temperature control probe is connected with temperature controller by wire; Described electric energy meter is connected with temperature controller by wire;
Described refrigerator consists of thermantidote, semiconductor chilling plate, water-cooling head, heating radiator, water pump, bucket, the hot side of semiconductor chilling plate is connected with water-cooling head, huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) connects thermantidote, thermantidote is placed in box house, semiconductor chilling plate is connected with refrigeration electric energy meter via wire, and water-cooling head water inlet, heating radiator, water pump, bucket, water-cooling head water delivering orifice are connected by water pipe successively.
2. install as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described casing, be also provided with soaking plate, every being located between composite plate to be measured and refrigerator, heat-producing machine.
3. install as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described casing temperature probe, test specimen temperature probe, temperature control probe are plugged in the space consisting of soaking plate and composite plate to be measured; Described test specimen temperature probe is surface type temperature probe, surveys the inside surface in composite plate to be measured.
4. install as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described heating radiator adopts water-cooled row heating radiator, and water pump adopts membrane pump or magnetic drive pump.
5. install as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: described heat-producing machine consists of fever tablet and radiator fan, the heating face of fever tablet is connected with radiator fan, and radiator fan is placed in box house, described fever tablet via wire with heat electric energy meter and be connected.
6. install as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described fever tablet is PTC ceramic heating plate or silicon rubber fever tablet.
7. the method for testing of a phase-change accumulation energy composite plate thermal property, right to use requires 1 to 6 arbitrary described device, use the weather in high-low temperature test chamber simulation summer or winter, the casing of described device is placed in to this high-low temperature test chamber, composite plate to be measured is installed, design temperature on temperature controller, start heat-producing machine or refrigerator, temperature polling instrument, electric energy meter, by temperature polling instrument, record temperature variation time and temperature change value, electric energy meter records corresponding power consumption, continue 12 hours, obtain the thermal property data of this phase-change accumulation energy composite plate.
8. a phase-change accumulation energy composite plate energy-saving effect evaluation method, by the method for claim 7, testing respectively composite plate to be measured is that test specimen and contrast composite plate are the thermal property of control piece, by the energy-saving effect of indirect energy saving evaluation index evaluation test specimen;
The expression formula of described indirect energy saving index is:
γ=(τ2-τ1)/τ1
Wherein, γ is relative time hysteresis rate, and the control piece that τ 1 is temperature polling instrument record is risen and arrived the time of comfort temperature higher limit by low temperature, and the test specimen that τ 2 is temperature polling instrument record is risen and arrived the time of comfort temperature higher limit by low temperature; γ value is larger, shows that test specimen maintains the multiple of time lengthening of indoor comfort temperature large, and energy-saving effect is better.
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